Một số cơ sở vật lý của việc ứng dụng vật liệu nano trong y học hiện đại

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM HÀ NỘI NGUYỄN MINH HOA MỘT SỐ CƠ SỞ VẬT LÝ CỦA VIỆC ỨNG DỤNG VẬT LIỆU NANO TRONG Y HỌC HIỆN ĐẠI LUẬN ÁN TIẾN SĨ VẬT LÝ LÝ THUYẾT VÀ VẬT LÝ TOÁN Hà Nội – 2019 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM HÀ NỘI NGUYỄN MINH HOA MỘT SỐ CƠ SỞ VẬT LÝ CỦA VIỆC ỨNG DỤNG VẬT LIỆU NANO TRONG Y HỌC HIỆN ĐẠI Chuyên ngành: Vật lý lý thuyết Vật lý toán Mã số: 44 01 03 LUẬN ÁN TIẾN SĨ VẬT LÝ LÝ THUYẾT VÀ VẬT LÝ TOÁN NGƯỜI HƯỚNG DẪN KHOA HỌC: PGS TS Đinh Như Thảo TS Đỗ Hoàng Tùng Hà Nội - 2019 LỜI CAM ĐOAN Tôi xin cam đoan cơng trình nghiên cứu riêng tơi, số liệu kết nghiên cứu nêu luận án trung thực, đồng tác giả cho phép sử dụng Các kết trình bày luận án chưa công bố luận án khác Tác giả luận án Nguyễn Minh Hoa LỜI CẢM ƠN Tôi xin gửi lời biết ơn sâu sắc tới cố GS TSKH Nguyễn Ái Việt, người thầy “truyền lửa” nhiệt tình hướng dẫn tơi suốt q trình nghiên cứu Tôi xin chân thành cảm ơn PGS TS Đinh Như Thảo, TS Đỗ Hồng Tùng nhiệt tình hướng dẫn tơi thời gian hồn thành luận án Tôi xin trân trọng cảm ơn Bộ Giáo dục Đào tạo, Ban Giám hiệu Trường Đại học Sư phạm 2, Phòng Đào tạo Sau Đại học, thầy Khoa Vật lý tạo điều kiện thuận lợi cho làm luận án Tôi xin cảm ơn Đại học Huế, Ban Giám hiệu Trường Đại học Y Dược, thầy cô đồng nghiệp Khoa Cơ động viên tạo điều kiện thuận lợi để tơi hồn thành cơng trình nghiên cứu Tơi xin chân thành cảm ơn GS TS Hoàng Ngọc Long, NCS Lê Anh Thi, PGS TS Trần Hồng Nhung, TS Đỗ Thị Nga, TS Tô Thị Thảo, anh chị, bạn bè Viện Vật lý nhóm nghiên cứu hết lòng giúp đỡ chia sẻ với tơi thời gian làm luận án Cuối xin dành lời cảm ơn sâu sắc đến gia đình ln động viên, khuyến khích hỗ trợ tơi q trình hồn thành luận án MỤC LỤC Trang DANH MỤC CÁC KÝ HIỆU, VIẾT TẮT MỞ ĐẦU 10 CHƯƠNG TỔNG QUAN VỀ CÁC ỨNG DỤNG MỚI CỦA VẬT LÝ TRONG Y HỌC HIỆN ĐẠI 18 1.1 Mối liên hệ số đại lượng vật lý tác động sinh học 18 1.1.1 Ảnh hưởng nhiệt độ lên thể sống 19 1.1.2 Ảnh hưởng sóng âm lên thể sống 20 1.1.3 Tương tác ánh sáng với thể sống 20 1.1.4 Ảnh hưởng xạ ion hóa lên thể sống 21 1.2 Tiềm ứng dụng công nghệ nano chẩn đoán điều trị 22 1.2.1 Trong chẩn đoán 22 1.2.1.1 Kỹ thuật X - quang 23 1.2.1.2 Kỹ thuật siêu âm 23 1.2.1.3 Kỹ thuật MRI 24 1.2.1.4 Kỹ thuật PET/SPECT 24 1.2.1.5 Kỹ thuật CT 25 1.2.2 Trong điều trị 25 CHƯƠNG CHẤM LƯỢNG TỬ CARBON VÀ TIỀM NĂNG ỨNG DỤNG TRONG CHẨN ĐOÁN VÀ ĐIỀU TRỊ 31 2.1 Chấm lượng tử carbon 31 2.1.1 Công nghệ chế tạo 33 2.1.2 Tính chất quang chấm lượng tử carbon 37 2.1.2.1 Tính chất hấp thụ 37 2.1.2.2 Tính chất quang huỳnh quang 38 2.1.3 Tiềm ứng dụng lĩnh vực chẩn đoán điều trị 41 2.2 Thực nghiệm chế tạo chấm lượng tử carbon 44 2.2.1 Công nghệ chế tạo 44 2.2.2 Phương pháp khảo sát 46 2.2.2.1 Hiển vi điện tử truyền qua 46 2.2.2.2 Hấp thụ quang 46 2.2.2.3 Quang huỳnh quang 47 2.2.2.4 Phương pháp đo tán xạ ánh sáng động học 47 2.3 Kết thảo luận 48 2.3.1 Các đặc trưng hình dạng kích thước CQD 48 2.3.2 Tính chất hấp thụ quang huỳnh quang CQD 51 CHƯƠNG MƠ HÌNH HĨA CƠ CHẾ TRUYỀN NĂNG LƯỢNG CỦA HẠT NANO VÀNG VÀ ĐỊNH HƯỚNG ỨNG DỤNG TRONG CHẨN ĐOÁN VÀ ĐIỀU TRỊ 57 3.1 Hạt nano vàng 57 3.1.1 Giới thiệu hạt nano vàng 57 3.1.2 Một số tính chất đặc trưng 60 3.1.2.1 Cộng hưởng plasmon bề mặt 60 3.1.2.2 Hấp thụ tán xạ plasmon bề mặt 62 3.1.2.3 Thuộc tính khơng xạ 64 3.1.3 Truyền lượng huỳnh quang 65 3.1.3.1 Truyền lượng cộng hưởng huỳnh quang 66 3.1.3.2 Truyền cộng hưởng lượng bề mặt - SET 70 3.1.3.3 Truyền lượng Coulomb - CET 72 3.1.4 Tiềm ứng dụng chẩn đoán điều trị GNP .73 3.1.4.1 Liệu pháp quang động lực 73 3.1.4.3 Kỹ thuật hình ảnh 74 3.2.2 Mơ hình hóa chế truyền lượng phụ thuộc kích thước GNP 77 3.2.3 Mơ hình phụ thuộc cường độ huỳnh quang vào nồng độ GNP 82 3.2.3.1 Lý thuyết thống truyền lượng 83 3.2.3.2 Mơ hình phụ thuộc cường độ huỳnh quang vào nồng độ GNP (GFRET) 84 KẾT LUẬN VÀ KIẾN NGHỊ 94 DANH MỤC CÁC CÔNG TRÌNH CƠNG BỐ 96 TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO 97 DANH MỤC CÁC KÝ HIỆU, VIẾT TẮ T A : acceptor, phân tử nhận huỳnh quang Abs : hấp thụ CQD : chấm lượng tử carbon CET : trình truyền lượng Coulomb CT : chụp cắt lớp vi tính D : donnor, phân tử truyền huỳnh quang DNA : axit deoxyribonucleic DLS : tán xạ ánh sáng động học FDA : Cục Dược phẩm Hoa kỳ FWHM : độ bán rộng phổ FRET : trình truyền lượng cộng hưởng Foster GFRET : trình truyền lượng cộng hưởng khổng lồ GNP : hạt nano vàng GRET : trình truyền lượng cộng hưởng chung Invivo : mơ tả tượng sinh học xảy thể sống MRI : chụp cộng hưởng từ hạt nhân NIR : ánh sáng hồng ngoại gần PdI : số đa phân tán PEG : polyethylene glycol PPEI – EI : propionylethylenimine - co - ethylenimine PET : chụp xạ hình cắt lớp positron PL : Quang huỳnh quang QD : chấm lượng tử RET : trình truyền lượng cộng hưởng SET : trình truyền lượng cộng hưởng bề mặt SPECT : chụp cắt lớp xạ đơn photon SPR : tượng cộng hưởng plasmon bề mặt TEM : hiển vi điện tử truyền qua UV-vis : vùng ánh sáng nhìn thấy DANH MỤC CÁC BẢNG Bảng Tóm tắt ưu nhược điểm phương pháp chế tạo CQD .35 Bảng Bảng giá trị bán kính Forster theo kích thước GNP 80 Bảng Các thơng số so sánh mơ hình lý 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TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC SƯ PHẠM HÀ NỘI NGUYỄN MINH HOA MỘT SỐ CƠ SỞ VẬT LÝ CỦA VIỆC ỨNG DỤNG VẬT LIỆU NANO TRONG Y HỌC HIỆN ĐẠI Chuyên ngành: Vật lý lý thuyết Vật lý toán Mã số: 44 01 03 LUẬN ÁN TIẾN SĨ VẬT... CÁC ỨNG DỤNG MỚI CỦA VẬT LÝ TRONG Y HỌC HIỆN ĐẠI Chương trình b y mối liên hệ số đại lượng vật lý tác động sinh học, ứng dụng vật lý y học đại, số ứng dụng công nghệ nano chẩn đoán điều trị Trong. .. trình b y chi tiết chương Từ chúng tơi đề xuất thêm số sở vật lý cho ứng dụng lĩnh vực y sinh Mục tiêu luận án Cung cấp thêm số sở vật lý cho việc ứng dụng vật liệu nano y học đại, cụ thể: - X y dựng