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^ >^'"t*'\ sC^^^N mije § p ^tU pbrar^ ^oril; ffiarolina ^tate College C54 NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES S00776784 $ Date Due i'*:?;t The Colorado Potato Beetle Insects Injurious to Vegetables rlWcHITTENDEN, SC D United Stales Department of Agrictdture ILLUSTRATED NEW YORK ORANGE JUDD COMPANY LONDON KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER 1907 & CO., Limited Copyright 1907 ORANGE JUDD COMPANY All Rights Reserved Entered at Stationers' l,ONDON, Hall England PREFACE Among the hordes of insect foes with which the farmer has to respects most troublesome perishable, American deal, those affecting vegetable crops are in and the control of their enemies entails a insect very considerable expenditure of money and time nual losses due to insect mated The at 20 per cent., attack on vegetable The an- crops esti- is or double that of the average farm crop injurious vegetable-feeding forms outnumber in species the any other single insect enemies of possibly deciduous necessitates pests fruits, and this class of crops, excepting nearly endless variety of information in regard to each intermittent in attack, hence the in many Vegetable plants are exceptionally Many are grower should be forewarned order to guard against injury or to check The it before irrep- arable damage has been accomplished etable grower should be as amply equipped with knowledge as the fruit grower, and if progressive veg- he would be entirely successful in avoiding losses from insect ravages he should be provided with a complete outfit for spraying operations hand or know where of necessary and should keep on to obtain at short notice a good supply The more general observance insecticides of certain farming methods with a view to the prevention of insect injury will greatly lessen the losses from source this Until within recent years few farmers in planning the manage- ment of the farm for the season considered the effect which any given method of tillage would have upon injurious Too fail to look far ahead, and as a rule ro- frequently they tation of crops where practiced is more for the sake of improvement than for the avoidance of crop rotation is insects insect injury, soil and yet the best and sometimes the only remedy for PREFACE VI Among certain species of insects farming other general methods of cleanliness, including the destruction of strict and burning over after harvest, fields fall weeds plowing, crop ro- the use of fertilizers, and the selection of the proper tation, place and time for planting, must be considered A knowledge of the classification of insects sufficient to enable the farmer to distinguish from foes friends is valuable, and finally comes a knowledge of what insecticides and repellents to use and means of preparing and applying them the best Accounts of most of our noxious species of insects have been published These accounts, however, are distributed through government and state publications,- reports of agricultural so- magazines, and periodical publications of« entomological cieties, societies, and even the daily press As an example of the number of such publications on American economic entomology, the Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture, has cited no less than 12,645 appeared to January noxious insects is i, 1905, titles that neither time nor opportunity to consult a tithe of these it is to The average farmer has about 72,000 000 odd works, and had and the number of references 12,- therefore the object of the follow- ing pages to collate concise accounts of the principal insects which will be affect one class of crops followed is, —vegetables The order which as far as practicable, alphabetical, begin- ning with the insect enemies of asparagus, and ending with those which affect sweet potato, and finally miscellaneous or unclassified crops The sidered insect enemies of vegetables as accounts, a special however, topic in have not hitherto been con- comprehensive form on the economic entomology Separate of certain vegetables have been published, for example, of beets and of sweet potato In presenting this work to the claim originality for its contents pul)lic It is, its author does not however, largely com- Farmer*s Cyclopedia of Agriculture ^ ^ A on Compe?idium of Agricultural Science and PraSlice Farm, Orchard and Garden Feeding and Diseases of 'By aii^ Crops, Farm Animals : and : the : • EARLEY VERNON WILCOX, CLARENCE BEAMAN SMITH Ph.D M.S Associate Editors in the Office of Experiment Stations, United States Department of Agriculture and complete presa new, THISentation of the whole subject practical, is of agriculture in its broadest sense It is designed for the use of agriculturists who desire up-to-date, reliable information on all matters pertaining to crops and stock, but The more particularly for the actual farmer volume contains Detzdled directions for the culture of every important field, orchard, and g'arden crop grown in America, together with descriptions of their chief insect pests and fungous diseases, and It contains an acremedies for their control count of modern methods in feeding and handling The diseases all farm stock, including poultry which afifect different farm animals and poultry are described, and the most recent remedies suggested for controlling them Every bit of this vast mass of new and useful information is authoritative, practical, and easily found, and no effort has been spared to include There are between 6,000 all desirable details and 7,000 topics covered in these references, and it contains 700 royal 8vo pages and nearly 500 suberb half-tone and other original illustrations, making the most perfect Cyclopedia of Agriculture ever attempted Handsomely bound in cloth, ^3.50; half {•Oery jutnpiuouj), ^4- 50, pojipaid ORANGE JUDD COMPANY, "'^' ^^'^yette «-t New York, Marquette Building, Chicago, UL tY ... Xll Insects Injurious to Sweet Corn CHAPTER 17^188 189-212 XIII Insects Injurious to Potato and Similar Vegetables 213-228 CHAPTER XIV Insects Injurious to the Tomato 229-234 CHAPTER XV Insects. .. Spinach CHAPTER Insects Injurious to Crops » IX Cabbage and Other Cruciferous I3i-i54 CHAPTER X Insects Injurious to Cucumber, Melon and Related Plants I55-I75 CHAPTER Insects Injurious to Celery,... CHAPTER Insects Injurious to Asparagus viii — — VI „ , 93-98 CONTENTS CHAPTER IX PAGE VII Insects Injurious to Beans and Peas CHAPTER 99-ii9 , 120-130 VIII Insects Injurious to Beets and