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FRONT SUSPENSION Return To Main Table of Contents GENERAL FRONT SUSPENSION 11 STRUT BAR AND STABILIZER BAR 12 LOWER ARM 14 STRUT ASSEMBLY 18 C R O S S M E M B E R 24 WHEEL AND TIRE 25 GENERAL GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS McPherson strut type Suspension system Coil spring Wire dia.xO.D.xfree length mm (in.) Spring constant N/mm (lb/in.) Coil spring identification color Shock absorber Type Maximum length Compressed length Stroke Damping force [at 0.3 m/sec (0.984 ft/sec.)] Rebound N (lb) Bound N (lb) Shock absorber identification color Wheel Tire size Tire inflation pressure kPa(psi) L, GL, GLS L+A/C, L+A/T, GL+A/C, GL+A/T, GLS+A/C, GLS+A/T L+A/C+A/T, GLtA/C+A/T, GLS+A/C+A/T 12X139X332 (0.47x5.47x13.07) 21 (121.5) Pink lines 12X139X340 (0.47x5.47x13.39) 21 (121.5) Red lines 12X139X347 (0.47x5.47x13.66) 21 (121.5) Green lines Wheel type Wheel size Amount of wheel offset Hydraulic, cylindrical, double-acting type 488 mm (19.21 in.) 341 mm (13.43 in.) 147 mm (5.79 in.) 833 (187.3) 392 (88.12) Red P155/80R13, P175/70R13 P155/80 R13 207 (30) P175/70 R13 207 (30) Steel or aluminum type 4.5J x 13, 5J x 13 46 mm (1.8 in.) NOTE: A/T: Automatic transmission A/C: Air conditioner SERVICE STANDARD Standard value Toe-in Camber Caster King pin inclination angle Steering angle Inside wheel Outside wheel B Ball joint starting torque Wheel runout Radial Steel wheel Aluminum type wheel Axial Steel wheel Aluminum type wheel Tread depth of tire 54-2 4mm toe-in - mm toe-out 30'±30' 50'±20' 12°42' 35°40'±1°30' 29°17' 490-880 Ncm (42.5-76.3 in.lbs.) 0.7 mm (0.028 0.3 mm (0.012 1.0 mm (0.039 0.3 mm (0.012 1.6 mm (0.063 in.) in.) in.) in.) in.) GENERAL TIGHTENING TORQUE Tie rod and turnbuckle locking nut Strut bar adjusting nut and locking nut Lower arm to crossmember Lower arm to ball joint Lower arm to strut bar Hub to brake disc Knuckle to strut assembly Knuckle to tie rod (Slotted nut) Ball joint to knuckle Strut bar to crossmember Stabilizer bar to crossmember Stabilizer bar to strut bar Spring seat to strut assy Strut to wheel house No crossmember to side frame Bolt assembly to side frame No crossmember to side frame Wheel nut (Steel wheel) Wheel nut (Aluminum type wheel) Nm kg.cm Ib.ft 49-54 74-83 93-118 93-118 93-118 49-59 74-88 15-33 59-71 74-83 29-39 4.9-5.9 39-49 9.8-15 74-88 4.9-5.9 74-88 69-78 78-98 500-550 750-850 950-1,200 950-1,200 950-1,200 500-600 750-900 150-340 600-720 750-850 300-400 50-60 400-500 100-150 750-900 50-60 750-900 700-800 800-1,000 36-40 54-61 69-87 69-87 69-87 36-43 54-65 11-25 43-52 54-61 22-29 3.6-4.3 29-36 7.2-11 54-65 3.6-4.3 54-65 51-58 58-72 LUBRICANTS Inside surface and lip of ball joint dust cover Multipurpose Grease SAE J310a, NLGI grade #2 EP 54-3 GENERAL SPECIAL TOOLS TOOL (Number and name) ILLUSTRATION USE 09216-21100 Mount bushing remover and installer base Removal and installation of the front lower arm bushing (use with 09545-21200, 09545-21300, 09545-21400) * 09545-21300 : install only 09216-21500 Mount bushing remover and installer ring Removal and installation of the front lower arm bushing (use with 09216-21300 and 09545-21400) 09529-21000 Wheel alignment guage attachment Front wheel alignment for aluminum type wheel 09532-11600 Preload socket Measurement of front lower arm ball joint starting torque (use with torque wrench) 09545-21000 Ball joint remover Removal of the front lower arm ball joint 09545-21100 Ball joint dust cover installer 1) Installation of the front upper arm bushing 2) Installation of the front lower arm ball joint dust cover 09454-21200 Lower arm bushing remover and installer ring Removal and installation of the front lower arm bushing (use with 09216-21300, 09545-21300, 09545-21400) * 09545-21300 : install only 09545-21300 Lower arm bushing installer guide Installation of the front lower arm bushing (use with 09545-21200, 09545-21400 and 09216-21300) 54-4 GENERAL TOOL (Number and name) ILLUSTRATION USE 09545-21400 Lower arm bushing arbor Removal and installation of the front lower arm bushing (use with 09216-21300, 09545-21200, 09545-21300) * 09545-21300 : install only 09546-11000 Spring compressor Compression of the front coil spring 09546-21000 Special spanner 1) Removal and installation of the front coil spring 2) Removal and installation of the shockabsorber oil seal 09546-21100 Shock absorber oil seal guide Installation of the shock absorber oil seal 09568-31000 Tie rod end puller Separation of the tie rod end ball joint 54-5 GENERAL TROUBLESHOOTING 54-6 GENERAL 54-7 GENERAL SERVICE ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURES FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT When using a wheel alignment tester to inspect front wheel alignment, always position the car on a level surface and the front wheels in the straight ahead position Prior to inspection make sure that the front suspension and steering system are in normal operating condition and that wheels and tires are free of deflection and tires inflated to specification Toe-in Toe-in (B-A or angle CX) is adjusted by turning the tie rod turnbuckles Toe-in on the left front wheel can be reduced by turning tie rod toward the rear of the car Toe-in change achieved by turning the tie rods for the right and left wheels simultaneously the same amount is as follows: Change in toe-in mm (in.) Description No of turns of tie rod (same amount for right and left) ½ Approx (0.24) Approx 12 (0.47) CAUTION (a) Toe-in adjustment should be made by turning the right and left tie rods the same amount (b) When adjusting toe-in, remove the outer bellows clip to prevent twisting the bellows (c) After adjustment, firmly tighten the tie rod end lock nuts and reinstall the bellows clip Toe-in (B-A) [Standard value] 4mm in - mm out (0.16 in in - 0.08 in out) Tie rod end lock nuts tightening torque 49-54 Nm (500-550 kg.cm, 36-40 Ib.ft) Camber The steering knuckle which is integral with the strut assembly is pre-adjusted to the specified camber at the factory and requires no adjustment Camber [Standard value] 30'±30' 54-8 GENERAL Caster Caster, as a rule, requires no adjustment, although it is slightly adjustable by moving the strut bar nut as shown in illustration If caster has been adjusted, it is necessary to confirm that the wheel bases, right and left, are within the specified limits Caster [Standard value] 50'±20' Strut bar adjusting nut and locking nut tightening torque 74-83 Nm (755-847 kg.cm, 54-61 Ib.ft) Steering Angle Steering angle, as a rule, requires no adjustment However, if there is a difference in steering angle between the right and left wheels, change the length of right and left tie rods Steering angle [Standard value] Inner wheel 81 Outer wheel B 35°40'±1°30' 29°17' GENERAL TIRE WEAR Measure the tread depth of tires Tread depth of tire [Limit] 1.6 mm (0.06 in.) If the remaining tread depth is less than the limit, replace the tire NOTE When the tread depth of tires is reduced to 1.6 mm (0.06 in.) or less, wear indicators will appear WHEEL RUNOUT Jack up the vehicle and support with floor stands Measure wheel runout with a dial indicator as illustrated Replace the wheel if wheel runout exceeds the limit Wheel runout [Limit] Steel wheel Radial 0.7 mm (0.028 in.) Axial 1.0 mm (0.040 in.) Aluminum type wheel Radial 0.3 mm (0.012 in.) Axial 0.3 mm (0.012 in.) 54-10 STRUT BAR AND STABILIZER BAR STRUT BAR AND STABILIZER BAR COMPONENTS TORQUE: Nm (kg.cm, Ib.ft) REMOVAL Remove the strut bar and stabilizer bar INSPECTION Damaged or deformed strut bar and stabilizer bar Bend of strut bar standard value mm (0.12 in.) or less Cracked, deteriorated or worn bushing 54-12 STRUT BAR AND STABILIZER BAR INSTALLATION Before the strut bar is installed to the crossmember, note white mark on L.H Bar White paint mark (Only L.H Bar) Secure the lock nut to the position shown in illustration Install the strut bar rubber bushing as shown Install the strut bar and the stabilizer bar securely as the specified torque CAUTION The strut bar and stabilizer bar should be tightened after the vehicle is lowered to the floor Check for correct front wheel alignment 54-13 LOWER ARM LOWER ARM COMPONENTS REMOVAL Remove the lower arm ball joint from the lower arm Remove the strut bar from the lower arm Remove the lower arm from the crossmember CAUTION Do not remove the ball joint from the knuckle unless operation is improper or the boot is loose or damaged When removal of the joint is required, remove after accomplishment of removal step (1) INSPECTION Cracked, deteriorated or worn bushing Deformed or cracked lower arm Damaged joint boot 54-14 LOWER ARM INSPECTION OF BALL JOINTS Remove the ball joint assembly from the lower arm Inspect ball joints for rotation condition (a) As shown in the figure, flip the baII joint stud back and forth times (b) Using a torque gauge, measure rotation starting torque at 0.5-2 rpm after 3° rocking and rotating torque at 0.5-2 rpm after 3° rocking 30° rotation Rotation joint [Standard value] Vertical play Rotation starting torque 2.94-9.8 Nm (30-100 kg.cm, 2.17-7.23 Ib.ft) Rotation torque 2.94-5.99 Nm (30-60 kg.cm, 2.17-4.34 Ib.ft) BALL JOINT AND DUST COVER REPLACEMENT Remove the dust cover from the ball joint Pack the specified grease or equivalent in the new dust cover Recommended grease Multipurpose grease SAE J310a, NLGI grade #2 EP Press fit the dust cover to the ball joint with special tool LOWER ARM LOWER ARM BUSHING REPLACEMENT Apply soap solution to the outer surface of the bushing and to the inner surface of the special tool Set the special tools to the lower arm Press out the bushing Apply soap solution to the following portions (a) Outer surface of the new bushing (b) Inner surface of the lower arm pipe (c) Inner surface of the special tools Set the special tools and new bushing to the lower arm Press fit the bushing into the lower arm pipe 54-16 LOWER ARM Center the bushing by the following procedure, if necessary (a) Reset the special tools and lower arm (b) Center the bushing NOTE After centering the bushing, wipe off the soap solution completely INSTALLATION Apply soapsuds to the outer surface of lower arm rubber bushing and the inner surface of corssmember bracket, and install the lower arm to the crossmember NOTE Be careful not to cause damage to the lower arm, install the plain washer under the bolt head After the ball joint is mounted to the lower arm, install the plain washer under the bolt head Tighten the following parts to the specified torque CAUTION The lower arm and the strut bar should be tightened to final torque after the vehicle is lowered to the floor Description Lower arm to crossmember Lower arm to strut bar Lower arm to ball joint Ball joint to knuckle Torque Nm (kg.cm, Ib.ft) 93-118 (950-1,200, 69-87) 93-118 (950-1,200, 69-87) 93-118 (950-1,200, 69-87) 59-71 (600-720,43-52) 54-17 STRUT ASSEMBLY STRUT ASSEMBLY COMPONENTS REMOVAL Jack up the front of the vehicle and mount it on a jack stand Remove the wheel Remove the brake hose from the strut Remove the strut assembly from the knuckle and wheel house 54-18 STRUT ASSEMBLY DISASSEMBLY Using Special Tool, Spring Compressor (09546-11000), compress the coil spring Holding the upper spring seat with Special Tool, Special Spanner (09546-21000), loosen the nut at the top end of the shock absorber to remove the insulator Remove the spring seat, spring and bump rubber INSPECTION Strut Disassembly If fluid leaks from the strut, disassemble the strut and replace defective parts CAUTION (a) Clean the strut thoroughly before disassembly (b) Do not damage the piston rod surface Hold the strut upright in a vise Using Special Tool, Special Spanner (09546-21000), remove the oil seal nut and discard CAUTION Replace the oil seal nut with new one on reassembly STRUT ASSEMBLY Drain the fluid Remove the square section O-ring with a small screwdriver and discard CAUTION Replace the O-ring with new one on reassembly Slowly pull the piston rod assembly and guide upward NOTE The following combinations of strut service parts are available o Oil seal nut o Square section O-ring o Shock absorber 1.,2.,3 o Shrut 1.,2.,3.,4 o Fluid Strut Reassembly Apply fluid to all sliding surfaces of the shock absorber cylinder and piston Carefully insert the piston rod in the cylinder Be careful not to damage the piston ring Assemble the cylinder and piston assembly with the strut outer shell Fill the shock absorber with fresh fluid NOTE Since the air inside the cylinder must be expelled while filling with the fluid, some time will be required before the filling is completed Slowly move the piston rod until the specified amount of fluid is inserted 54-20 ... 60 0-7 20 75 0-8 50 30 0-4 00 5 0-6 0 40 0-5 00 10 0-1 50 75 0-9 00 5 0-6 0 75 0-9 00 70 0-8 00 80 0-1 ,000 3 6-4 0 5 4-6 1 6 9-8 7 6 9-8 7 6 9-8 7 3 6-4 3 5 4-6 5 1 1-2 5 4 3-5 2 5 4-6 1 2 2-2 9 3. 6-4 .3 2 9-3 6 7. 2-1 1 5 4-6 5 3. 6-4 .3 5 4-6 5... Ib.ft 4 9-5 4 7 4-8 3 9 3-1 18 9 3-1 18 9 3-1 18 4 9-5 9 7 4-8 8 1 5-3 3 5 9-7 1 7 4-8 3 2 9-3 9 4. 9-5 .9 3 9-4 9 9. 8-1 5 7 4-8 8 4. 9-5 .9 7 4-8 8 6 9-7 8 7 8-9 8 50 0-5 50 75 0-8 50 95 0-1 ,200 95 0-1 ,200 95 0-1 ,200 50 0-6 00 75 0-9 00 15 0-3 40... Ball joint to knuckle Torque Nm (kg.cm, Ib.ft) 9 3-1 18 (95 0-1 ,200, 6 9-8 7) 9 3-1 18 (95 0-1 ,200, 6 9-8 7) 9 3-1 18 (95 0-1 ,200, 6 9-8 7) 5 9-7 1 (60 0-7 20,4 3-5 2) 5 4-1 7 STRUT ASSEMBLY STRUT ASSEMBLY COMPONENTS REMOVAL