Test bank development across the life span 8th 8e

TOTAL Chapter ASSESSMENT An Introduction to Lifespan GUIDE Development Topic INTRODUCTION LO 1.1: Define the field of lifespan development and describe what it encompasses LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover LO 1.3: Describe basic influences on human development LO 1.4: Summarize four key issues in the field of lifespan development LO 1.5: Describe how the psychodynamic perspective explains lifespan development LO 1.6: Describe how the behavioral perspective explains lifespan development LO 1.7: Describe how the cognitive perspective explains lifespan development LO 1.8: Describe how the humanistic perspective explains lifespan development Factual Conceptual 193, 196, 197 194, 195 1, True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice 175 5, 8, 14, 16-20 173-174 11 True/False 200-201 Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice Applied 6-7, 9-10, 12-13, 15, 21 Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay 23, 26, 28, 30, 32 202-204 34-35, 37-40, 42-44 198, 205-206 48-50, 52-54, 57, 59, 61-63, 65-68 207-208 71, 77-78, 81-82, 85, 88, 89, 91, 94 209 182 96-97, 99-103, 106-109 210-211 22, 25 24, 27, 29, 31 176-177 41, 45 199 33, 36, 46 178-179 47, 51, 55-56, 60, 69-70 58, 64, 72-75 180-181 76, 80, 83, 87, 92-93 95, 98, 104-105 183-184 110-111 112-114 212 79, 84, 86, 90 185 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved 115 TOTAL Chapter ASSESSMENT An Introduction to Lifespan GUIDE Topic LO 1.9: Describe how the contextual perspective explains lifespan development LO 1.10: Describe how the evolutionary perspective explains lifespan development LO 1.11: Discuss the value of applying multiple perspectives to lifespan development LO 1.12: Describe the role that theories and hypotheses play in the study of development LO 1.13: Compare the two major categories of lifespan development research LO 1.14: Identify different types of correlational studies and their relationship to cause and effect LO 1.15: Explain the main features of an experiment LO 1.16: Distinguish between theoretical and applied research LO 1.17: Compare longitudinal research, cross-sectional research, and sequential research LO 1.18: Describe some ethical issues that affect psychological research Development Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Multiple Choice True/False Fill-Ins Essay Factual Conceptual Applied 119, 121-122, 124126, 128, 130-131 213 116-118, 120, 129 123, 127 186 133-134 187-188 132 214 189 215 135-137 190 138-139 140 141-142, 144, 148152 216 153, 155-156, 158160, 162-163 217 143, 145-147 161 154, 157 191 164-165 166 168, 170-171 167, 169 192 172 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Chapter An Introduction to Lifespan Development MULTIPLE CHOICE 1-1 _ development is the field of study that examines patterns of growth, change, and stability in behavior that occurs throughout the entire lifespan a) b) c) d) Biological Lifespan Psychological Research Answer: B Level: Easy Page: Skill: Factual LO 1.1: Define the field of lifespan development and describe what it encompasses Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember 1-2 In its study of growth, change, and stability, lifespan development takes a(n) approach a) b) c) d) intuitive scientific social environmental Answer: B Level: Medium Page: Skill: Conceptual LO 1.1: Define the field of lifespan development and describe what it encompasses Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved 1-3 A professor wants to examine the effectiveness of a new teaching approach Her 9:00 A.M class will be exposed to the new method of viewing teaching tapes while her 10:00 A.M class will be exposed to traditional lectures She will assess the students’ progress after six sessions What method is the professor using to conduct her experiment? a) b) c) d) intuitive biological environmental scientific Answer: D Level: Difficult Page: Skill: Applied LO 1.1: Define the field of lifespan development and describe what it encompasses Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply 1-4 The vast majority of lifespan development focuses on a) b) c) d) nonhuman species test tube babies biological and environmental development human development Answer: D Level: Medium Page: Skill: Factual LO 1.1: Define the field of lifespan development and describe what it encompasses Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember 1-5 A lifespan developmentalist whose topical focus is the body’s makeup is interested in _ development a) b) c) d) cognitive physical personality social Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 5-6 Skill: Factual LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved 1-6 A developmental researcher who is interested in studying which senses are used most often by a child or what the long-term results of premature birth are would be studying _ development a) b) c) d) social physical personality cognitive Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 5-6 Skill: Applied LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply 1-7 A researcher working with college-age football players is conducting a longitudinal study to examine an athlete’s decline in physical performance as the athlete ages What type of development would the researcher most likely be studying? a) b) c) d) cognitive personality physical social Answer: C Level: Easy Page: 5-6 Skill: Applied LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply 1-8 development involves the ways that growth and change in intellectual capabilities influence a person’s behavior a) b) c) d) Cognitive Physical Personality Social Answer: A Level: Easy Page: 5-6 Skill: Factual LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved 1-9 Researchers in the early learning department of a university are conducting a long-term study to see how problem-solving skills change over time as school-age students move from elementary school to high school to college What type of development are the researchers most likely studying? a) b) c) d) cognitive personality social physical Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 5-6 Skill: Applied LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply 1-10 Researchers who use intelligence quotient (IQ) testing as part of their research project with elementary age students are likely to be researching _ development a) b) c) d) personality cognitive social physical Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 5-6 Skill: Applied LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply 1-11 What type of lifespan developmentalist is interested in how a person who experiences a significant or traumatic event early in life would remember that event later in life? a) b) c) d) physical social cognitive personality Answer: C Level: Difficult Page: 5-6 Skill: Conceptual LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Understand Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved 1-12 A researcher is interested in conducting a study to determine whether people who experienced a devastating event, such as a house fire where the family lost everything, suffer lasting effects from such devastation early in life This researcher is interested in the development of the subject(s) a) b) c) d) personality social cognitive physical Answer: C Level: Difficult Page: 5-6 Skill: Applied LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply 1-13 If a developmental researcher is studying what the earliest memories that can be recalled from infancy are, or what the intellectual consequences of watching television are, in what developmental area is the researcher interested? a) b) c) d) social physical cognitive personality Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 5-6 Skill: Applied LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved 1-14 development involves the ways that the enduring characteristics that differentiate one person from another change over the life span a) b) c) d) Cognitive Physical Personality Social Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 5-6 Skill: Factual LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember 1-15 A student reads a flyer on the campus bulletin board that says a researcher is searching for students to volunteer for a long-term study Participation includes completing testing that measures traits such as temperament, attitudes, and adaptability, as well as being available for follow-up for the next 10 years The researcher who is developing this study is most likely interested in _ development a) b) c) d) personality social cognitive physical Answer: A Level: Difficult Page: 5-6 Skill: Applied LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved 1-16 _ development involves the way in which individuals’ interactions with others and their social relationships grow, change, and remain stable over the course of life a) b) c) d) Cognitive Physical Personality Social Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 5-6 Skill: Factual LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember 1-17 Lifespan developmentalists typically look at which of the following areas? a) b) c) d) a particular family a particular age range a particular town/city a particular country Answer: B Level: Medium Page: Skill: Factual LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember 1-18 A shared notion of reality that is widely accepted but is a function of society and culture at a given time is/are called a) b) c) d) topical areas of lifespan development social construction age ranges social development Answer: B Level: Difficult Page: 5-6 Skill: Factual LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved 1-19 The concept of childhood as a special period did not exist during the century a) b) c) d) sixteenth seventeenth nineteenth twentieth Answer: B Level: Difficult Page: Skill: Factual LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember 1-20 In Western culture, what age is typically considered to be the beginning of young adulthood? a) b) c) d) 16 18 21 20 Answer: D Level: Easy Page: Skill: Factual LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember 1-21 Walter is a college student who is about to graduate from college At what age would he most likely consider that a substantial change is occurring in his life? a) b) c) d) when he turned 20 years of age when he leaves college and enters the workforce at age 22 when he finished his junior year of high school at age 17 when he turns 26 years old Answer: B Level: Difficult Page: Skill: Applied LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Apply 10 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved 1-215 All claims and theories derived from the various perspectives are accurate Answer: False Level: Medium Page: 26-27 Skill: Factual LO 1.11: Discuss the value of applying multiple perspectives to lifespan development Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember 1-216 A correlational study can conclude that the viewing of television aggression causes more aggressive behavior in children Answer: False Level: Medium Page: 29-31 Skill: Factual LO 1.14: Identify different types of correlational studies and their relationship to cause and effect Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember 1-217 In an experiment, one group, the treatment or experimental group, is exposed to the treatment variable being studied; the other, the control group, is not Answer: True Level: Easy Page: 33 Skill: Factual LO 1.15: Explain the main features of an experiment Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember 79 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved REVEL QUIZ QUESTIONS EOM Quiz Question 1.1.1 Lifespan development examines patterns of growth, change, and _ in human behavior across the life span a) b) c) d) diversity evolution stability socialization Answer: C Difficulty: Topic: An Orientation to Lifespan Development Skill: Conceptual LO 1.1: Define the field of lifespan development and describe what it encompasses EOM Quiz Question 1.1.2 Developmentalists who study the effects of home schooling on academic performance are examining _ development a) b) c) d) physical cognitive social personality Answer: B Difficulty: Topic: An Orientation to Lifespan Development Skill: Factual LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover 80 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved EOM Quiz Question 1.1.3 Robin grew up in a public housing project in Chicago Grant grew up at the same time in an affluent suburb of Chicago When Robin and Grant meet in college, we can expect that in general they will _ a) b) c) d) share similar non-normative life events share sociocultural-graded influences but differ in history-graded influences differ significantly in age-graded influences share history-graded influences but differ in sociocultural-graded influences Answer: D Difficulty: Topic: An Orientation to Lifespan Development Skill: Applied LO 1.3: Describe some of the basic influences on human development EOM Quiz Question 1.1.4 Compared to young children, adults have a much harder time learning a new language Researchers studying this phenomenon are mainly addressing which key issue in development? a) b) c) d) continuous versus discontinuous change critical versus sensitive periods lifespan approaches versus particular periods nature versus nurture Answer: B Difficulty: Topic: An Orientation to Lifespan Development Skill: Conceptual LO 1.4: Summarize four key issues in the field of lifespan development 81 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved EOM Quiz Question 1.1.5 In the nature-versus-nurture discussion, the term nurture refers to _ a) b) c) d) environmental influences historical traits genetic factors inherited characteristics Answer: A Difficulty: Topic: An Orientation to Lifespan Development Skill: Factual LO 1.4: Summarize four key issues in the field of lifespan development EOM Quiz Question 1.2.1 Proponents of which major theoretical perspective believe that behavior is largely motivated by subconscious inner forces and memories? a) b) c) d) psychodynamic behavioral cognitive evolutionary Answer: A Difficulty: Topic: Theoretical Perspectives on Lifespan Development Skill: Conceptual LO 1.5: Describe how the psychodynamic perspective explains lifespan development EOM Quiz Question 1.2.2 Proponents of which major theoretical perspective believe that the keys to understanding development are observable behavior and outside stimuli in the environment? a) b) c) d) psychodynamic behavioral cognitive evolutionary Answer: B Difficulty: Topic: Theoretical Perspectives on Lifespan Development Skill: Conceptual LO 1.6: Describe how the behavioral perspective explains lifespan development 82 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved EOM Quiz Question 1.2.3 According to Piaget, human thought is arranged in organized mental patterns, called , that represent behaviors and actions a) b) c) d) stages steps schemes sequences Answer: C Difficulty: Topic: Theoretical Perspectives on Lifespan Development Skill: Factual LO 1.7: Describe how the cognitive perspective explains lifespan development EOM Quiz Question 1.2.4 Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory emphasizes how cognitive development proceeds as a result of between members of a culture a) b) c) d) behavior modifications operant conditioning social interactions classical conditioning Answer: C Difficulty: Topic: Theoretical Perspectives on Lifespan Development Skill: Factual LO 1.9: Describe how the contextual perspective explains lifespan development EOM Quiz Question 1.2.5 The perspective identifies behaviors that are the result of genetic inheritance a) b) c) d) contextual cognitive psychodynamic evolutionary Answer: D Difficulty: Topic: Theoretical Perspectives on Lifespan Development Skill: Factual LO 1.10: Describe how the evolutionary perspective explains lifespan development 83 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved EOM Quiz Question 1.3.1 The is the process of posing and answering research questions using controlled techniques that include systematic, orderly observation and the collection of data a) b) c) d) scientific method research program theoretical orientation development of hypotheses Answer: A Difficulty: Topic: Research Methods Skill: Factual LO 1.12: Describe the role that theories and hypotheses play in the study of development EOM Quiz Question 1.3.2 studies seek to identify whether an association or relationship exists between two factors a) b) c) d) Experimental Correlational Qualitative Survey Answer: B Difficulty: Topic: Research Methods Skill: Factual LO 1.13: Compare the two major categories of lifespan development research 84 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved EOM Quiz Question 1.3.3 The strength and direction of a relationship between two factors is represented by a(n) a) b) c) d) experimental factor associative coefficient correlation coefficient predictable factor Answer: C Difficulty: Topic: Research Methods Skill: Factual LO 1.14: Identify different types of correlational studies and their relationship to cause and effect EOM Quiz Question 1.3.4 In an experiment, the group receiving the treatment is called the treatment group, while the group not receiving treatment or receiving an alternative treatment is called the a) b) c) d) test case experimental group case study control group Answer: D Difficulty: Topic: Research Methods Skill: Factual LO 1.15: Explain the main features of an experiment 85 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved EOM Quiz Question 1.3.5 is designed specifically to test some developmental explanation and expand scientific knowledge, whereas is meant to provide practical solutions to immediate problems a) b) c) d) Applied research; theoretical research Theoretical research; applied research Qualitative research; theoretical research Qualitative research; applied research Answer: B Difficulty: Topic: Research Methods Skill: Conceptual LO 1.16: Distinguish between theoretical research and applied research EOC Quiz Question 1.1 studies patterns of growth, change, and stability from conception through the end of life a) b) c) d) Genetics Lifespan development Evolution Behaviorism Answer: B Difficulty: Topic: An Orientation to Lifespan Development Skill: Factual LO 1.1: Define the field of lifespan development and describe what it encompasses 86 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved EOC Quiz Question 1.2 Which of the following is a primary topic of lifespan development research? a) b) c) d) correlational development racial development personality development sequential development Answer: C Difficulty: Topic: An Orientation to Lifespan Development Skill: Factual LO 1.2: Describe the areas that lifespan development specialists cover EOC Quiz Question 1.3 The financial crisis of the 2010s will exert what type of effect on the cohort of children growing up during this period? a) b) c) d) sociocultural-graded influences non-normative life event influences history-graded influences age-graded influences Answer: C Difficulty: Topic: An Orientation to Lifespan Development Skill: Conceptual LO 1.3: Describe some of the basic influences on human development 87 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved EOC Quiz Question 1.4 Shalise believes that child development is a process of continuous change Her classmate Evan says that development follows a pattern of discontinuous change Who is correct? a) b) c) d) Shalise: A child’s increasing height proves that development is continuous Both: A child’s development is marked by both continuous and discontinuous change Evan: A child’s increasing height proves that development is discontinuous Shalise: The growth of cognitive ability proves that development is continuous Answer: B Difficulty: Topic: An Orientation to Lifespan Development Skill: Applied LO 1.4: Summarize four key issues in the field of lifespan development EOC Quiz Question 1.5 Erikson’s theory was created as an alternative psychodynamic view emphasizing social interaction with other people a) b) c) d) psychosocial development humanistic potential behavioral perspective social-cognitive Answer: A Difficulty: Topic: Theoretical Perspectives on Lifespan Development Skill: Conceptual LO 1.5: Describe how the psychodynamic perspective explains lifespan development 88 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved EOC Quiz Question 1.6 What developmental theorist is known for operant conditioning? a) b) c) d) Bandura Erikson Vygotsky Skinner Answer: D Difficulty: Topic: Theoretical Perspectives on Lifespan Development Skill: Factual LO 1.6: Describe how the behavioral perspective explains lifespan development EOC Quiz Question 1.7 Which perspective emphasizes how people internally represent and think about the world? a) b) c) d) cognitive perspective psychodynamic perspective behavioral perspective evolutionary perspective Answer: A Difficulty: Topic: Theoretical Perspectives on Lifespan Development Skill: Factual LO 1.7: Describe how the cognitive perspective explains lifespan development EOC Quiz Question 1.8 Which perspective contends that people have a natural capacity to make decisions about their lives? a) b) c) d) cognitive perspective psychodynamic perspective behavioral perspective humanistic perspective Answer: D Difficulty: Topic: Theoretical Perspectives on Lifespan Development Skill: Factual LO 1.8: Describe how the humanistic perspective explains lifespan development 89 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved EOC Quiz Question 1.9 What is the key factor guiding developmental perspectives that consider the relationship between individuals and their physical, cognitive, personality, and social worlds? a) b) c) d) conditioning contextual factors genetics habituation Answer: B Difficulty: Topic: Theoretical Perspectives on Lifespan Development Skill: Conceptual LO 1.9: Describe how the contextual perspective explains lifespan development EOC Quiz Question 1.10 Which perspective seeks to identify behavior that is the result of our genetic inheritance? a) b) c) d) cognitive perspective psychodynamic perspective behavioral perspective evolutionary perspective Answer: D Difficulty: Topic: Theoretical Perspectives on Lifespan Development Skill: Conceptual LO 1.10: Describe how the evolutionary perspective explains lifespan development 90 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved EOC Quiz Question 1.11 Some lifespan developmentalists use a(n) approach, drawing on several perspectives a) b) c) d) cognitive correlational behavioral eclectic Answer: D Difficulty: Topic: Theoretical Perspectives on Lifespan Development Skill: Factual LO 1.11: Discuss the value of applying multiple perspectives to lifespan development EOC Quiz Question 1.12 A(n) is a prediction stated in a way that permits it to be tested a) b) c) d) proposition experiment theory hypothesis Answer: D Difficulty: Topic: Research Methods Skill: Factual LO 1.12: Describe the role that theories and hypotheses play in the study of development EOC Quiz Question 1.13 research seeks to identify whether an association or relationship between two factors exists a) b) c) d) Correlational Experimental Theoretical Hypothetical Answer: A Difficulty: Topic: Research Methods Skill: Factual LO 1.13: Compare the two major categories of lifespan development research 91 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved EOC Quiz Question 1.14 Alan has decided to conduct a naturalistic observation of children and friendships Which location would produce the most accurate results? a) b) c) d) a school principal’s office a laboratory setting designed like a classroom a hospital emergency room a playground Answer: D Difficulty: Topic: Research Methods Skill: Applied LO 1.14: Identify different types of correlational studies and their relationship to cause and effect EOC Quiz Question 1.15 In an experiment, the is exposed to the treatment variable being studied; the is not a) b) c) d) control group; experimental group treatment group; experimental group control group; treatment group treatment group; control group Answer: D Difficulty: Topic: Research Methods Skill: Conceptual LO 1.15: Explain the main features of an experiment 92 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved EOC Quiz Question 1.16 A scientist is interested in the processes of cognitive change during childhood and decides to see how many words children of various ages can remember after one exposure to a list of words What type of research is this scientist conducting? a) b) c) d) theoretical research applied research evolutionary-response research treatment-specific research Answer: A Difficulty: Topic: Research Methods Skill: Applied LO 1.16: Distinguish between theoretical research and applied research EOC Quiz Question 1.17 In , the behavior of one or more study participants is measured as they age a) b) c) d) longitudinal research cross-sectional research sequential research evolutionary research Answer: A Difficulty: Topic: Research Methods Skill: Factual LO 1.17: Compare longitudinal research, cross-sectional research, and sequential research EOC Quiz Question 1.18 Researchers must obtain from participants before their involvement in a study a) b) c) d) proxy permission informed consent comprehensive guidelines ethical understanding Answer: B Difficulty: Topic: Research Methods Skill: Factual LO 1.18: Describe some ethical issues that affect psychological research 93 Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2010 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved ... issues in the field of lifespan development Bloom’s Taxonomy Level: Remember 1-41 What issue has dominated much work in lifespan development? a) Which area(s) of lifespan development are the most... Discuss the value of applying multiple perspectives to lifespan development LO 1.12: Describe the role that theories and hypotheses play in the study of development LO 1.13: Compare the two major... Introduction to Lifespan GUIDE Topic LO 1.9: Describe how the contextual perspective explains lifespan development LO 1.10: Describe how the evolutionary perspective explains lifespan development