Spine=.86” Art/Subjects & Themes/Human Figure Your hands-on guide to drawing the human figure and bringing it to life Open the book and find: • The drawing supplies you need • How to set up your studio • The differences between drawing adults and children • Get a grip on the basics — drawing exercises show you how to work with lines, curves, shapes, light, shadows, and blending • Step-by-step illustrations and examples • Off to a head start — draw the components of the head, facial features, muscle structure, and hairstyles • Tips for forming facial expressions • Build the body — examine bone structure and shape, create stick figures, depict muscles, and draw the body in motion • Advanced drawing techniques, including shading • Strike dynamic and casual poses — from running, jumping, and climbing to sitting, stretching, and more • How to work with composition and perspective • Accessorize your figures — draw textures, patterns, and folds, and add basic clothing and shoes • Advice on fixing mistakes • Places to present and archive your work Figure Drawing Want to draw the human body? This step-by-step guide gives you clear instructions and examples coupled with expert tips that show you how to draw the body in a variety of poses Whether you’re a professional illustrator, an art student, or a hobbyist, you’ll find the techniques you need to capture the human form ™ asier! E g in th ry e v E g in Mak g n i w a r D e r u g Fi Learn to: • Master one of the hardest skills that artists face Go to dummies.com for more! đ Develop your proportional sketch of the human figure • Capture form, movement, bone structure, and musculature • Understand each step of the process with hundreds of drawings $19.99 US / $21.99 CN / £13.99 UK Kensuke Okabayashi is an award-winning professional artist His work can be seen in everything from comic books to graphic novels to advertising storyboards Okabayashi has taught illustration courses at Mercer College of New Jersey ISBN 978-0-470-39073-3 Kensuke Okabayashi Okabayashi Author and illustrator, Manga For Dummies 01_390733-ffirs.indd iv 11/24/08 11:48:22 PM Figure g n i w a r D FOR S E I m M DU ‰ by Kensuke Okabayashi 01_390733-ffirs.indd i 11/24/08 11:48:21 PM Figure Drawing For Dummies® Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc 111 River St Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2009 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax 978-646-8600 Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, INC., 111 River Street, Hoboken NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http:// www.wiley.com/go/permissions Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, A Reference for the Rest of Us!, The Dummies Way, Dummies Daily, The Fun and Easy Way, Dummies.com, Making Everything Easier, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc and/ or its affiliates in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book LIMIT OF LIABILITY/DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: THE PUBLISHER AND THE AUTHOR MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS WORK AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE NO WARRANTY MAY BE CREATED OR EXTENDED BY SALES OR PROMOTIONAL MATERIALS THE ADVICE AND STRATEGIES CONTAINED HEREIN MAY NOT BE SUITABLE FOR EVERY SITUATION THIS WORK IS SOLD WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT THE PUBLISHER IS NOT ENGAGED IN RENDERING LEGAL, ACCOUNTING, OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES IF PROFESSIONAL ASSISTANCE IS REQUIRED, THE SERVICES OF A COMPETENT PROFESSIONAL PERSON SHOULD BE SOUGHT NEITHER THE PUBLISHER NOR THE AUTHOR SHALL BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES ARISING HEREFROM THE FACT THAT AN ORGANIZATION OR WEBSITE IS REFERRED TO IN THIS WORK AS A CITATION AND/OR A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF FURTHER INFORMATION DOES NOT MEAN THAT THE AUTHOR OR THE PUBLISHER ENDORSES THE INFORMATION THE ORGANIZATION OR WEBSITE MAY PROVIDE OR RECOMMENDATIONS IT MAY MAKE FURTHER, READERS SHOULD BE AWARE THAT INTERNET WEBSITES LISTED IN THIS WORK MAY HAVE CHANGED OR DISAPPEARED BETWEEN WHEN THIS WORK WAS WRITTEN AND WHEN IT IS READ For general information on our other products and services, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S at 800-762-2974, outside the U.S at 317-572-3993, or fax 317-572-4002 For technical support, please visit www.wiley.com/techsupport Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books Library of Congress Control Number: 2008940663 ISBN: 978-0-470-39073-3 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 01_390733-ffirs.indd ii 11/24/08 11:48:22 PM About the Author Kensuke Okabayashi is a professional freelance illustrator/sequential artist Born and raised in Princeton, New Jersey, Kensuke has been inspired by classic illustrators such as Harvey Dunn, Dean Cornwell, J.C Leyendecker, and Charles Dana Gibson After studying music and psychology at Wheaton College in Illinois, Kensuke shifted his focus from playing the piano to honing his art skills He earned his BFA in Illustration at the School of Visual Arts in New York City after studying traditional painting and further developing his drawing skills Upon graduating, he began picking up illustration and storyboard clients, including LG Electronics Worldwide, Wendy’s, Diet Coke, Nestlé, Camel, Canon Digital, Saatchi & Saatchi, Absolut Vodka, Marvel Comics, and AnheuserBusch Kensuke also actively illustrates for mainstream entertainment industry clients, such as Wizards of the Coast, Takara Toys U.S.A., Nickelodeon, Kensington Books, Skyzone Entertainment, Loew-Cornell, Wiley Publishing, Inc., and Jossey-Bass Inspired by his experience of working long hours at a well-known coffee shop corporation, Kensuke developed and illustrated his creator-owned graphic novel JAVA!, which attracted attention and was picked up by Committed Comics His main character, Java (a high-powered caffeine girl who fights crime), received positive reviews from major book review sites as well as from readers and distributors Kensuke’s first written and illustrated title in the For Dummies series, Manga For Dummies, is currently translated into French and German and marketed internationally His most recent illustrated graphic novel, The Five Dysfunctions of a Team (Manga Edition), is based on the New York Times Best-Seller by Patrick M Lencioni and is currently being released internationally through Jossey-Bass His upcoming publication projects include Arcana Publishing and Archaia Studio Press Kensuke’s illustrated juried works have also been exhibited in the Society of Illustrators in New York City as well as Mercer’s Artist Showcase in New Jersey On the side, Kensuke continues to draw from life and teach art He taught illustration courses at Mercer College of New Jersey for several years When he’s not drawing or painting at his studio loft in Kearny, New Jersey, Kensuke still enjoys playing the piano from time to time and socializing at coffee shops during late nights in the city He still draws from live models on weekends in Soho and Brooklyn and gives live demonstration events at the Brooklyn Museum in New York You can see Kensuke’s online portfolios at his Web sites, www.piggybackstudios.com and www.javacomics.com 01_390733-ffirs.indd iii 11/24/08 11:48:22 PM 01_390733-ffirs.indd iv 11/24/08 11:48:22 PM Dedication This book is dedicated to my brothers, Yusuke and Saichan, for their love and support We all have such different talents and personalities, yet we complement each other nicely Author’s Acknowledgments I wish to thank the staff at Wiley Publishing I would like to thank my acquisitions editor, Michael Lewis, my project editor, Georgette Beatty, and my copy editors, Sarah Faulkner and Megan Knoll, for all their hard work, advice, and support while I was writing this book I want to thank the composition department for taking care of the large amount of artwork throughout this book In addition, I want to thank Professor James R.C Adams at Manchester College for his role as technical editor My biggest thanks goes to my family, Michio, Sahoko, Yusuke, and Saichan, who have been my greatest supporters and fans None of this would have been remotely possible without their help Thank you and God bless you! 01_390733-ffirs.indd v 11/24/08 11:48:22 PM Publisher’s Acknowledgments We’re proud of this book; please send us your comments through our Dummies online registration form located at www.dummies.com/register/ Some of the people who helped bring this book to market include the following: Acquisitions, Editorial, and Media Development Composition Services Senior Project Editor: Georgette Beatty Project Coordinator: Lynsey Stanford Acquisitions Editor: Michael Lewis Layout and Graphics: Carl Byers, Reuben W Davis, Melissa K Jester, Brent Savage, Christin Swinford, Christine Williams Senior Copy Editor: Sarah Faulkner Assistant Editor: Erin Calligan Mooney Editorial Program Cordinator: Joe Niesen Technical Editor: James R.C Adams Proofreader: Shannon Ramsey Indexer: Sharon Shock Special Help Megan Knoll Editorial Manager: Michelle Hacker Editorial Assistant: Jennette ElNaggar Cover Photo: Kensuke Okabayashi Cartoons: Rich Tennant (www.the5thwave.com) Publishing and Editorial for Consumer Dummies Diane Graves Steele, Vice President and Publisher, Consumer Dummies Kristin Ferguson-Wagstaffe, Product Development Director, Consumer Dummies Ensley Eikenburg, Associate Publisher, Travel Kelly Regan, Editorial Director, Travel Publishing for Technology Dummies Andy Cummings, Vice President and Publisher, Dummies Technology/General User Composition Services Gerry Fahey, Vice President of Production Services Debbie Stailey, Director of Composition Services 01_390733-ffirs.indd vi 11/24/08 11:48:22 PM Contents at a Glance Introduction Part I: Figure Drawing 101 Chapter 1: Welcome to the Joys of Figure Drawing Chapter 2: Gathering the Goods for Figure Drawing 11 Chapter 3: Starting with Figure-Drawing Basics 29 Part II: Off to a Head Start 59 Chapter 4: Getting Inside the Head 61 Chapter 5: Adding Facial Features 89 Chapter 6: Going to the Top with Hair 115 Chapter 7: Presenting Emotions in Facial Features 143 Part III: Building the Body 173 Chapter 8: Examining Figure Proportions and Bone Structure 175 Chapter 9: Starting Simple with Stick Figures and Mannequins 189 Chapter 10: Pumping Up Those Muscles 219 Chapter 11: Drawing Figures in Motion 245 Part IV: Sharpening Your Figure-Drawing Skills 263 Chapter 12: Accessorizing Your Figures 265 Chapter 13: Taking Your Work to the Next Level with Advanced Drawing Techniques 293 Chapter 14: Working with Composition and Perspective 315 Part V: The Part of Tens 347 Chapter 15: Ten Places to Study and Draw the Figure 349 Chapter 16: Ten Ways to Organize, Store, and Present Your Work 353 Index 359 02_390733-ftoc.indd vii 11/24/08 11:49:46 PM 02_390733-ftoc.indd viii 11/24/08 11:49:46 PM ... Part I: Figure Drawing 101 Chapter 1: Welcome to the Joys of Figure Drawing Chapter 2: Gathering the Goods for Figure Drawing 11 Chapter 3: Starting with Figure- Drawing. .. I: Figure Drawing 101 Chapter 1: Welcome to the Joys of Figure Drawing Finding the Right Drawing Materials Getting a Grip on Drawing Basics Drawing. .. up a drawing studio 05_390733-ch01.indd 11/24/08 11:51:13 PM Part I: Figure Drawing 101 Getting a Grip on Drawing Basics Before you dive into drawing the figure, you need to warm up your drawing