More than a quarter of a million copies sold in previous editions! Value-Packed DVD and CD-ROM Fedora 10 and What’s on the DVD and CD-ROM? Official Fedora 10 install DVD Official Fedora 10 KDE desktop live/install CD System Requirements: Please see the Preface and Appendix A for details and complete system requirements New in Fedora 10: • Improved printing support • New, faster graphical startup • Time-based PulseAudio sound system features đ Major RPM package management upgrade One Laptop Per Child (Sugar) desktop option www.wiley.com/go/fedora10bible Play games on the desktop or against others on the Internet Configure and start services to run your own Web server Shelving Category: COMPUTERS/Operating Systems/ Linux Reader Level: Beginning to Advanced $59.99 USA $65.99 Canada • Official Fedora 10 installation • Over 4GB of official Fedora software • Official Fedora 10 KDE Live CD • Installable Fedora 10 desktop system Christopher Negus and Eric Foster-Johnson Fedora 10 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux ® ® Publish Web pages and documents Launch file, printer, Web, and login services • Enhanced Webcam support Create documents to publish in hard copy or on theWeb CD-ROM Includes ® Set up Fedora or Red Hat Enterprise Linux to: • Try new or improved features such as FirstAidKit, ext4 file systems, fast start-up, and connection sharing • Navigate your computer with GNOMEđ, KDEđ, Xfce, or Online Desktops Manage and use documents, spreadsheets, presentations, music, and images • Connect easily to your network with NetworkManager • Draw from massive online Fedora and third-party software repositories • Build an Internet server with e-mail, Web, DNS, FTP, and database services ® When the free software world improves its offerings, you can be among the first to try them using Fedora As the basis for the popular enterprise-quality Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Fedora can be your stepping stone to a lucrative career with Linux Install, configure, and use Fedora as anything from a desktop to an Internet server Use this book as a guide to installing and running Fedora from the included DVD and live CD Red Hat Enterprise Linux Catch the latest Linux technology with Fedora 10 DVD Includes Negus Foster-Johnson Play music, video, and games The book you need to succeed! ® First try it out, then Install Fedora 10 Linux from CD or DVD Fedora 10 Quick Install Using the DVD and CD that come with this book, you have a range of options for starting out with Fedora 10 Linux Everything you need to install 4GB of Fedora 10 software is included on the DVD Use the CD to try out a live version of Fedora before installing it Then install the contents of that CD to your hard drive when you are ready Follow these steps to install Fedora 10 from the CD or DVD included with this book (See Chapter 2.) For non-x86 PCs, download PPC or x86_64 Fedora software from http://fedoraproject.org/get-fedora.html Fedora 10 Software Repository on DVD! Get Media: Insert the Fedora 10 CD or DVD into your computer’s drive Reboot: Reboot your computer Start Install: To start the install: • For the DVD, press Enter to begin the installation • For the live CD, press Enter to boot the live CD After the desktop appears, select the install icon from the desktop The complete CD installs to hard disk Media Check: For the DVD, select media check to be sure it is not damaged or corrupted Language Selection: Choose the installation language (you can add other languages later) This DVD contains the Fedora 10 installer and software repository, with about 4GB of compressed software Fedora Live CD! The Fedora 10 KDE Live CD included with this book lets you: Keyboard Configuration: Choose your keyboard type • Try a Fedora 10 desktop system before installing it Insert the CD, reboot, and press Enter From the full-featured Fedora KDE desktop, you can try games, office applications, system tools, and other features Install or Upgrade: With an earlier Fedora version installed, you can choose Upgrade (upgrade your system without losing data) Otherwise, continue with a new installation Network Configuration: Set up your LAN connection (not dial-up) You typically select DHCP to have your network addresses assigned automatically Or, you can manually enter your computer’s address information Time Zone Selection: Identify the time zone in which you are located • Install a Fedora 10 desktop system to hard disk The contents of the live CD can be installed to your hard disk to give you a permanent Fedora installation Choose the software you want from these application groups Huge set of software development tools! Create and layout documents Authoring & Publishing Edit code and text files Editors Interactive learning games Add the root user account password 11 Disk Partitioning Setup: Choose to install Fedora on existing Linux partitions, existing free space, or the entire hard disk (erasing everything) See Chapter before proceeding, if you are not sure which option to choose 12 Boot Loader Configuration: Add the GRUB boot manager to control the boot process Install the boot loader to your hard disk’s master boot record if no other operating system is installed 13 Choose Software: Select one or more of the preset install classes, including Office and Productivity, Software Development, and Web Server Select “Customize now” to go through the software packages in more detail Add other software repositories to install packages outside Fedora 14 Installation Categories: If you selected “Customize now,” go through each category to select install groups Then select the Optional packages button to add or subtract packages from each group 15 About to Install: To this point, you can quit the install process without having written anything to disk When you select Next, the disk is formatted (as you chose) and selected packages are installed Math and science apps Education Engineering/ Scientific Games Card, shooter, and thinking games Email, browser and messaging Graphical Internet 10 Set Root Password: Image, animation and camera apps Graphics Office Apps Dozens of server and admin packages too! Document, spreadsheet and drawing apps Music, video and TV apps Sound and Video Text-based Internet Text-based Web, email, and file xfer When installation is done, remove the Fedora DVD or CD and click Exit to reboot your computer During the first boot, the Fedora Setup Agent runs to configure some basic settings After that, log in and begin using Fedora! Ten cool things to with Fedora 10 Linux Just because Fedora is a serious operating system doesn't mean it can't be fun too Here is a list of ten fun and useful things to with Fedora Set Up a Personal Online Desktop: Use the GNOME Online Desktop to connect your desktop to your friends, multimedia content, and online applications from Google, Facebook, Yahoo!, and others Click right on the desktop to immediately get you all your favorite content (See Chapter 3.) Launch the new KDE Plasma Desktop: The next generation KDE desktop lets you add widgets, called plasmoids, to multiple places on your desktop Find files, Web pages or other items quickly with new search tools (See Chapter 3.) Play Commercial Audio/Video: Licensing restrictions keep many popular codecs from inclusion with Fedora Using third-party repositories with Fedora, you grab the codecs you need to play Windows Media (Audio, Video and MMS), MP3 audio, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 video decoding, and others (See Chapter 8.) Manage music collections: Launch Rhythmbox to gather, organize, and play music from your hard disk, CDs, or network file systems You can even select from thousands of free songs from Magnatune and Jamendo online music services (See Chapter 8.) Publish your ideas::Choose from dozens of publishing tools to create documents (OpenOffice.org Writer), presentations (OpenOffice.org Impress) hard-copy page layouts (Scribus), and vector graphics (Inkscape) Then publish your work on paper or the Web (See Chapter 6.) Share an Internet connection: Fedora can be set up as a router and a firewall With a home or small office LAN set-up, you can use Fedora to share an Internet connection among multiple Linux, Windows, or Mac systems Then set up a firewall in Fedora to protect your LAN from intruders (See Chapters 14, 15, and 16.) Play free games: As always, Fedora includes dozens of simple card games and board games The Fedora repository, includes a ton of games, including fun first-person shooter games such as Doom, strategy games such as fantasy game Wesnoth, and online battle games such as BZFlag (See Chapter 7.) Run Windows applications: By adding the wine software packages, you can run many Windows applications right from a Fedora desktop (See Chapter 5.) Create an Internet server: Learn to configure a Web server (Chapter 21), FTP server (Chapter 20) and a mail server (Chapter 19) Then gather that knowledge to create your own public Internet server (Chapter 25) Your server can run from your home Internet connection 10 Share over the Internet: Share your personal videos, software, or other content with friends over the Internet, using Bittorrent swarming network transfer software While you’re at it, instant message your thoughts using Pidgin, video-conference your looks (Ekiga), and e-mail your party invitations (Evolution) (See Chapter 7.) Fedora® 10 and Red Hat® Enterprise Linux® Bible Fedora® 10 and Red Hat® Enterprise Linux® Bible Christopher Negus Eric Foster-Johnson Wiley Publishing, Inc Fedora® 10 and Red Hat® Enterprise Linux® Bible Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc 10475 Crosspoint Boulevard Indianapolis, IN 46256 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2009 by Wiley Publishing, Inc All rights reserved Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4744 Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 7486008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fitness for a particular purpose No warranty may be created or extended by sales or promotional materials The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situation This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services If professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read For general information on our other products and services or to obtain technical support, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S at (877) 762-2974, outside the U.S at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002 Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc., and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries and may not be used without written permission Red Hat and Fedora are trademarks or registered trademarks of Red Hat, Inc Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners Wiley is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data available upon request ISBN: 978-0-470-41339-5 Printed in the United States of America 10 As always, I dedicate this book to my wife, Sheree This book would never have happened without her love and support –Christopher Negus To Katya and Nalana –Eric Foster-Johnson 1070 Index User Manager and, 468, 483–486 useradd and, 464–466 userdel and, 484–485 usermod and, 481–483 user interfaces, User Switcher, 110 useradd command, defaults and, 472 user-level security, netatalk, 998, 999 users bashrc files, 474 defaults, 471–478 initial tcshrc file, 475 initial login scripts, 473 netatalk setup, 996 password rest, 480 system profiles, 476 technical support mailbox, 480 uucp login, 421 V variables, expanding, 160 vfat file system, 433 vi text editor, 178 commands with numbers, 183 file navigation, 181 searches, 182 starting, 178, 180–181 Vicam Webcams, 341 video codecs, 346 file formats, 346 licensing fees, 345 playing, 344–345 Xine, 347–352 video cards 3dfx, 282 AIGLX, 132 ATI Technologies, 282 DRI (Direct Rendering Infrastructure), 281 gaming, 140, 281–283 Intel, 282 Matrox, 283 NVIDIA, 281 tuning, 138–140 X.org project, 281 viewing file information, Konqueror, 123 virtual desktops, KDE, 130 Virtual Private Networks, 712 virtual servers, sendmail, 807 VNC installs, 39 VPNs (virtual private networks), 637, 709 vsFTPd (Very Secure FTP Server), 827–830 anonymous users, 831–834 configuration, 831 downloading files, 832 FAQ, 837 firewalls and, 836 local users, 833 logging activities, 835 message files, 835 navigation, 836 permissions, 832 quick start, 830–831 root directory, 833 setting access, 832–835 timeouts, 836 user accounts, 831–832 Index 1071 W Waves artwork, 83 Web browsers, 358 bookmarks, 366 Epiphany, 360 Firefox, 360, 365–367 History, 367 HTML, 361 Konqueror, 361 links, 377 lynx, 378 pop-ups, 367 protocols, 361–363 resizing text, 367 searches, 367 security, 367, 375–376 setup, 369–375 sidebar, 366 tabbed browsing, 366 text-based, 377 tips, 376–377 tuning, 360 URLs, 361 w3m, 378 Web pages, 363–364 Web server, 1018 installation, 52 Web servers, 964 Jigsaw 2.2.6, 842 lighttpd, 841 thttpd, 841 Zope, 841 Webcams, Video4Linux interface, 340–341 wget command, FTP, 399 Wikipedia, gaming and, 280 Winbind, support, 45 Winbond Webcams, 341 windows, KDE, 129–130 Windows, switching between Linux, 64 Windows-equivalent Linux applications, 220 wireless LANs antennas, 655–656 cards, 653 configuration, 660 distance testing, 666 drivers, 657 interface, 661–666 setting extensions, 666–668 software, 660 troubleshooting, 675 Wireshark, 679–682 word processing AbiWord, 252–253 KOffice, 253 StarOffice, 252 TextMaker, 254 wvdialconf command, 697 X X Window System, Mac OS X and, 990–991 X.org project, video cards, 281 xboard (chess), 289 xenix file system, 434 Xfce, 135 Xfce Application Finder, 135 Xfce Settings Manager, 135 xfs file system, 434 xiafs file system, 434 Xine playlists, 350 1072 Index troubleshooting, 350 xinetd daemon, 1015 XML (Extensible Markup Language), 263 xmms-mp3 package, 310 XMMS (xmms), 318 xsane, 274 Y YouTube, 113 yum installing, 195 RPMs and, 194 yum repositories, 192 yum.conf, 191–192 YumPlugins Wiki, 192 yum-utils package, 197 GNU General Public License Version 2, June 1991 Copyright © 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software 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978-0-470-08291-1 Negus knows Linux Now you can, too ® Available at www.wiley.com/go/negus 978-0-470-37367-5 Wiley and the Wiley logo are registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc and/or its affiliates Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners ISO Distribution: This book includes an ISO copy of Fedora® 10 Linux® from the Fedora Project, which you may use in accordance with the license agreements accompanying the software For more information, see the Fedora Project website (http://fedora.redhat.com/) Red Hat does not provide support services for Fedora You may purchase Red Hat® Enterprise Linux ® and technical support from Red Hat through its website (www.redhat.com) or its toll-free number 1-888-2REDHAT Limited Warranty: (a)WPI warrants that the Software and Software Media are free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of sixty (60) days from the date of purchase of this 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Country _ E-mail Telephone Place where book was purchased _ Return this coupon with the appropriate US funds to: Wiley Publishing, Inc Customer Care Fedora 10 Linux Source Code Multipack, Promo F10LB (Part Numbers K PART03379 and K PART03352) 10475 Crosspoint Blvd Indianapolis, IN 46256 Terms: Wiley is not responsible for lost, stolen, late, or illegible orders For questions regarding this fulfillment offer, please call us at 1-877-762-2974 or 1-317-572-3994 First try it out, then Install Fedora 10 Linux from CD or DVD Fedora 10 Quick Install Using the DVD and CD that come with this book, you have a range of options for starting out with Fedora 10 Linux Everything you need to install 4GB of Fedora 10 software is included on the DVD Use the CD to try out a live version of Fedora before installing it Then install the contents of that CD to your hard drive when you are ready Follow these steps to install Fedora 10 from the CD or DVD included with this book (See Chapter 2.) For non-x86 PCs, download PPC or x86_64 Fedora software from http://fedoraproject.org/get-fedora.html Fedora 10 Software Repository on DVD! Get Media: Insert the Fedora 10 CD or DVD into your computer’s drive Reboot: Reboot your computer Start Install: To start the install: • For the DVD, press Enter to begin the installation • For the live CD, press Enter to boot the live CD After the desktop appears, select the install icon from the desktop The complete CD installs to hard disk Media Check: For the DVD, select media check to be sure it is not damaged or corrupted Language Selection: Choose the installation language (you can add other languages later) This DVD contains the Fedora 10 installer and software repository, with about 4GB of compressed software Fedora Live CD! The Fedora 10 KDE Live CD included with this book lets you: Keyboard Configuration: Choose your keyboard type • Try a Fedora 10 desktop system before installing it Insert the CD, reboot, and press Enter From the full-featured Fedora KDE desktop, you can try games, office applications, system tools, and other features Install or Upgrade: With an earlier Fedora version installed, you can choose Upgrade (upgrade your system without losing data) Otherwise, continue with a new installation Network Configuration: Set up your LAN connection (not dial-up) You typically select DHCP to have your network addresses assigned automatically Or, you can manually enter your computer’s address information Time Zone Selection: Identify the time zone in which you are located • Install a Fedora 10 desktop system to hard disk The contents of the live CD can be installed to your hard disk to give you a permanent Fedora installation Choose the software you want from these application groups Huge set of software development tools! Create and layout documents Authoring & Publishing Edit code and text files Editors Interactive learning games Add the root user account password 11 Disk Partitioning Setup: Choose to install Fedora on existing Linux partitions, existing free space, or the entire hard disk (erasing everything) See Chapter before proceeding, if you are not sure which option to choose 12 Boot Loader Configuration: Add the GRUB boot manager to control the boot process Install the boot loader to your hard disk’s master boot record if no other operating system is installed 13 Choose Software: Select one or more of the preset install classes, including Office and Productivity, Software Development, and Web Server Select “Customize now” to go through the software packages in more detail Add other software repositories to install packages outside Fedora 14 Installation Categories: If you selected “Customize now,” go through each category to select install groups Then select the Optional packages button to add or subtract packages from each group 15 About to Install: To this point, you can quit the install process without having written anything to disk When you select Next, the disk is formatted (as you chose) and selected packages are installed Math and science apps Education Engineering/ Scientific Games Card, shooter, and thinking games Email, browser and messaging Graphical Internet 10 Set Root Password: Image, animation and camera apps Graphics Office Apps Dozens of server and admin packages too! Document, spreadsheet and drawing apps Music, video and TV apps Sound and Video Text-based Internet Text-based Web, email, and file xfer When installation is done, remove the Fedora DVD or CD and click Exit to reboot your computer During the first boot, the Fedora Setup Agent runs to configure some basic settings After that, log in and begin using Fedora! More than a quarter of a million copies sold in previous editions! Value-Packed DVD and CD-ROM Fedora 10 and What’s on the DVD and CD-ROM? Official Fedora 10 install DVD Official Fedora 10 KDE desktop live/install CD System Requirements: Please see the Preface and Appendix A for details and complete system requirements New in Fedora 10: • Improved printing support • New, faster graphical startup • Time-based PulseAudio sound system features đ Major RPM package management upgrade • One Laptop Per Child (Sugar) desktop option www.wiley.com/go/fedora10bible Play games on the desktop or against others on the Internet Configure and start services to run your own Web server Shelving Category: COMPUTERS/Operating Systems/ Linux Reader Level: Beginning to Advanced $59.99 USA $65.99 Canada • Official Fedora 10 installation • Over 4GB of official Fedora software • Official Fedora 10 KDE Live CD • Installable Fedora 10 desktop system Christopher Negus and Eric Foster-Johnson Fedora 10 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux ® ® Publish Web pages and documents Launch file, printer, Web, and login services • Enhanced Webcam support Create documents to publish in hard copy or on theWeb CD-ROM Includes ® Set up Fedora or Red Hat Enterprise Linux to: • Try new or improved features such as FirstAidKit, ext4 file systems, fast start-up, and connection sharing • Navigate your computer with GNOME®, KDE®, Xfce, or Online Desktops • Manage and use documents, spreadsheets, presentations, music, and images • Connect easily to your network with NetworkManager • Draw from massive online Fedora and third-party software repositories • Build an Internet server with e-mail, Web, DNS, FTP, and database services ® When the free software world improves its offerings, you can be among the first to try them using Fedora As the basis for the popular enterprise-quality Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Fedora can be your stepping stone to a lucrative career with Linux Install, configure, and use Fedora as anything from a desktop to an Internet server Use this book as a guide to installing and running Fedora from the included DVD and live CD Red Hat Enterprise Linux Catch the latest Linux technology with Fedora 10 DVD Includes Negus Foster-Johnson Play music, video, and games The book you need to succeed! ® ... Started in Fedora and RHEL Chapter 1: An Overview of Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux Introducing Fedora 10 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux What Is Linux? Linux s Roots... your looks (Ekiga), and e-mail your party invitations (Evolution) (See Chapter 7.) Fedora 10 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux Bible Fedora 10 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux Bible Christopher Negus... forms the Fedora Project 11 Red Hat shifts to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 14 Choosing between Fedora and Enterprise 14 Why Choose Fedora or Red Hat Enterprise Linux?