Focal press mac OS x for photographers optimized image workflow for the mac user jan 2008 ISBN 0240520270 pdf

Mac OS X for Photographers The Digital Workflow series from Focal Press The Digital Workflow series offers clear, highly-illustrated, in-depth, practical guides to each part of the digital workflow process They help photographers and digital image makers to work faster, work smarter and create great images The focus is on what the working photographer and digital image maker actually need to know to get the job done This series is answering readers’ calls to create books that offer clear, no-nonsense advice, with lots of explanatory images, but don’t stint on explaining why a certain approach is suggested The authors in this series – all professional photographers and image makers – look at the context in which you are working, whether you are a wedding photographer shooting 1000s of jpegs a week or a fine artist working on a single Raw file The huge explosion in the amount of tools available to photographers and digital image makers – as new cameras and software arrives on the market – has made choosing and using equipment an exciting, but risk-filled venture The Digital Workflow series helps you find a path through digital workflow, tailored just for you Series Editor: Richard Earney Richard Earney is an award-winning Graphic Designer for Print and Web Design and Coding He is a beta tester for Adobe Photoshop Lightroom and Photoshop, and is an expert on digital workflow He has been a keen photographer for over 30 years and is a Licentiate of the Royal Photographic Society He can be found at http://www.method-photo.co.uk Other titles in the series Canon DSLR: The Ultimate Photographer’s Guide Mac OS X for Photographers Optimized image workflow for the Mac user Rod Wynne-Powell AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEW YORK • OXFORD PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Focal Press is an imprint of Elsevier Focal Press is an imprint of Elsevier Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, UK 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA First edition 2008 Copyright © 2008, Rod Wynne-Powell Published by Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved The right of Rod Wynne-Powell to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (+44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (+44) (0) 1865 853333; email: permissions@elsevier.com Alternatively you can submit your request online by visiting the Elsevier web site at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions, and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress ISBN: 978-0-24-052027-8 For information on all Focal Press publications visit our website at www.focalpress.com Printed and bound in Canada 08 09 10 11 11 10 CONTENTS Introduction Mac OS X – Unix Chip change – The Intel Macs System change – 10.4 to10.5 CHAPTER The System Architecture 11 Multi-user 12 Multi-tasking 12 Multi-threading 12 Time-slicing 12 The Mac OS X Tiger and Leopard interfaces 14 Fast User Switching 15 Menu Bar 16 Finder Window structure 19 Finder Window features 20 The View Menu 24 Flow View – Leopard only 26 Drag and Drop & Copy and Paste 27 Title bar features 28 Finder Window – Title bar 29 File Info 31 Making adjustments to windows 32 Apple System Profiler (ASP) 34 Software Update 36 Libraries – Why are there no fewer than three? 38 System level and User level Libraries 39 Apple Macintosh default folders 40 Understanding where things go – and why? 41 The Dock 42 The Dock Preferences 43 Placement of the Dock 44 Switching between Open Applications 45 Finder navigation 46 v MAC OS X FOR PHOTOGRAPHERS Faster access to oft-used folders 47 Finding frequently used Files and Folders 48 Navigating menus 49 System Preferences 50 Appearance 52 Dashboard 52 Exposé 53 Desktop & Screen Saver 53 Spotlight 54 Bluetooth 56 CDs & DVDs 58 Displays 58 ColorSync Utility 63 Energy Saver 64 Keyboard & Mouse 65 Print & Fax 65 Sound 66 Mac 67 Network Preferences 69 Network 70 Sharing 71 QuickTime 77 QuickTime Pro 79 Keychain 80 Accounts 82 Date & Time 84 Image Capture 85 Startup Disk 86 Universal Access 88 Partitioning a drive 89 Users’ Home folders 90 What is happening? 91 What can go wrong? 92 When something does go wrong 93 vi CONTENTS CHAPTER Hardware Implications 95 The all new range of Intel Macs 96 Intel Macs and Xserves 97 One size does not fit all 98 State of play 99 Hardware decisions 100 The Intel Macs 103 The PowerMac family 104 Apple Inc 105 Initial Capture .105 Studio still life work – The capture station 106 A capture and editing setup 107 Studio editing station – PPC G5 or Mac Pro 108 An editing setup 109 Alternative thoughts 110 Hard drive thoughts .111 The case for additional hard drives .112 Additional drives 113 Earlier Macs 114 Random Access Memory – RAM 115 Second monitors 116 Image – Safety whilst on location 117 XServe 118 Hubs and switches – Ethernet 119 Buses and Airport 120 Airport Extreme 120 Bluetooth 120 Firewire 120 USB 2.0 hubs 121 Firewire hubs 121 Airport Extreme and Express 122 Wireless connection to a printer 123 vii MAC OS X FOR PHOTOGRAPHERS Optical media 124 Opening a Burn folder .125 A smooth and stable power supply 126 Monitors 128 Video card interfaces and connectors 130 Ambient lighting conditions .131 Calibration 131 Tiger’s Printer Setup Utility dialog boxes 132 Print & Fax (Leopard) 133 CHAPTER General Maintenance 135 DS_Store files 136 Using a picture as a CD’s background 137 Permissions 138 Keychain and Keychain Access 140 Keychain First Aid 141 Users and Groups 142 Get Info 143 Additional memory 144 Caches are created to improve speed but 145 Some useful maintenance utilities 146 OnyX, MacJanitor, and TinkerTool 147 Mac slowing down? 148 Operating system stability .149 ‘Zapping the PRAM’ 150 Command+Option+P+R and Power Button 152 Key combos for use at Startup and Login 153 C key 154 T key – Target Disk Mode 155 Conclusions from this chapter 156 Modifier keys 157 viii CONTENTS CHAPTER Software Assistance 159 Installation of software 160 Help 162 Mac Help 163 Disk Utility 164 First Aid tab 165 Erase tab .167 RAID tab 168 Restore tab 170 Log 171 Context-sensitive menus 172 Application menu 174 Screen capture 176 Grab 179 iPhoto 180 From where does the work come? 184 Client–Photographer communication 185 Digital photographer’s front end 186 Apple Aperture 188 Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 189 Adobe Bridge 190 Initial capture 192 IPTC info 192 CHAPTER Resources 195 Magazines and periodicals 196 Subscription Lists 197 Pro-Imaging & ProRental Lists 199 Keeping abreast 200 Apple Inc 201 Really Simple Syndication – RSS 202 Phototalk Radio and Photoshop TV 203 Camera manufacturers 204 ix GLOSSARY Bit A single binary unit; a byte has eight bits, the position in the byte determines the value of the bit (similar way to decimal), starting from the right, values are powers of (see also Byte) Blog A contraction of weblog, an inexpensive form of online journalism (see also Weblog) Bluetooth An increasingly common wireless communication protocol invented by Swedish engineers at Ericcson, whose original codeword for the project was adopted on release of the specification It came from stories of Harold I of Denmark, Harald Bluetooth who preferred communication and negotiation over fighting between warring neighbours It has good low power idle consumption, and is ideal for narrow bandwidth communication between mice and keyboards to computers, headsets and PDAs It operates in the same 2.4 GHz range as the more powerful Airport/WiFi wireless communications system Boot Camp Apple’s codename for a suite of programs and drivers that allows the Intel powered Macs run Windows OS on their Macs, first previewed before its incorporation in Leopard; Mac OS X 10.5.x Broadband This term covers any higher speed connection than dial-up, to the Internet/World Wide Web, by ADSL, Cable or Satellite Bridge A means of linking two separate networks together, it can be to link an internal network to the Internet Bridge Can also be the circuit/chipset within an external hard drive enclosure that allows an IDE drive to be connected to Firewire Bridge This is also the name Adobe gives to what was once the File Browser in Photoshop Byte Eight bits make a byte – 1s are blue, 0s are white in this diagram below: Byte } BIOS (Basic Input Output System) This is the code on Windows PC computers that loads the Windows operating System, similar to Open Firmware on PowerMacs or EFI on Intel Macs Value 128 64 32 16 Bits Set Sum gives Decimal 150 128 64 32 16 The bits set in the example byte above are: no bit set for bit zero, bits and are set, bit unset, bit set, bits and unset, and bit set They can also be described by defining the bits as to the power of through to starting from the right as zero, then and so on In this example the decimal number is the sum of the values set: (2^1) +(2^2)+(2^4)+(2^7)=15010 C Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Fast disappearing as a screen you can buy for your Mac, it is still considered by top professionals in the field to be a superior, more accurate way to view images on your Mac Certainly, at the very top of the range, this may well be true, but many new flatscreen monitors are now more than their equal Chromatic Aberration The color fringing that occurs especially at the edges of wide angle lens images, due to the colors coming to a different focus In some cases this can be corrected when editing the file in either Aperture, Photoshop, Adobe Camera RAW, or Lightroom 301 MAC OS X FOR PHOTOGRAPHERS ColorSync Apple’s proprietary name for its color management system, involving overall system-wide representation of accurate color When combined with Adobe Photoshop’s Color Workspaces gives the photographers designers and clients, confidence in the overall control over color fidelity at every stage in the process It defines, stores and carries out conversions via ICC profiles from Input, via Workspaces, to Output Its counterpart in Windows is ICM Color Gamut The range of colors within an RGB color workspace; the range of colors within a CMYK color workspace; the range of colors that a camera sensor can record; the range of colors a monitor can display; the range of colors a printer can achieve on a particular paper stock – the relation between any of the above Colors that fall beyond the scope are said to be out-of-gamut How these colors are treated in any situation is defined by the Rendering Intent Color work space A theoretical work space with clearly defined values for the color co-ordinates for Red, Green and Blue, or Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black The color workspace will have additional parameters such as the Gamma specification When defining a color image using an ICC workflow, the file will possess an ICC color profile to give meaning to the numbers corresponding to color values in the image The most common in RGB would be Adobe RGB (1998), sRGB, ColorMatch, and ProPhoto RGB, and in CMYK, SWOP Coated, FOGRA 27 Command Key See also Apple Key One of the group of keys known as Modifier Keys, used in conjunction with the alphanumeric keys to perform a specific function, such as short cuts, or Macros 302 Contextual Menu Using the ctrl key (or right mouse click) and clicking on an item to reveal a menu of opions available to you in the current context of the program or the System ctrl The Control key, one of Apple’s Modifier Keys, also used as described above as the Mac equivalent of the right mouse-click, (which is also honoured) Contract Proof A proof that a client is happy to consider a contract between the parties that the final print will accurately match what is on the proof These will be made by such as Kodak, 3M, Agfa, and Dupont The two most common are probably Cromalin from Dupont, and MatchPrint from 3M They will have various color bars and targets that when measured should conform accurately between proof and final printed example To be really accurate they should be printed on similar paper stock CoverFlow The means by which Apple displayed album cover artwork in iTunes They managed to optimize it sufficiently to introduce it to Finder windows to display the contents of folders in Flow View, which when used in conjunction with Quick Look is ideally suited to photographers when searching folders for images D Darwin The Open Source component at the heart of Mac OS X, which allows external Developers to contribute code that can improve the performance of the operating system Decimal See also Binary Decimal is our normal counting system, which is based on Ten, sometimes shown by mathematicians as 1410 for our normal 14, which in binary would be 1110 (2^1+2^2+2^3) or (210+ 410+ 810 = 1410) GLOSSARY Digital A term which is over-used, but in most cases refers to anything created by computers using binary mathematics as opposed to more organic, analogue means, such as in our scenario with electronic means, rather than film Macs, similar to Microsoft’s BIOS It is not very accessible as yet, but this is what launches the Mac operating system on Intel Macs in the background, in much the same way as Open Firmware did for AIM-chipped PowerMacs DIMM (Dual In-Line Memory Module) The current type of memory chips, often in the smaller package called Smaller Outline as in SO-DIMM Another acronym has been tagged to recent chips involved in bringing faster speeds to memory chips It is DDR – Double Data Rate Ethernet The most prevalent networking standard available on all Macs It can be of varying speeds from 10 KB per second through 100 to 1000 KB per second DNG (Digital Negative) An Open Standard Adobe format for storing RAW Camera files, based upon the TIFF structure, it is able to store most of the RAW data that is captured by digital cameras at the time of exposure They also provide a free DNG Converter program that can handle the translation of the proprietary data into a standard format, and its later extraction, including the copy of the untouched camera manufacturer’s original data EXIF (EXchangeable Image Format) This a standard format that was originally introduced by the Japanese camera industry to provide a standard way to capture the camera settings in place at the time an image was taken by digital cameras Originally used only for JPEG images, it soon became expanded to cover TIFF, RAW, and others as well F Droplets Small executable code snippets that are activated by dropping relevant files on their icons in order to carry out some action This action could be performed on either single files or batches of files, even folders of files Automator, AppleScript, and Photoshop are all capable of producing these applets Firewire, Firewire 400, Firewire Extreme & Firewire 800 Apple’s versions of IEEE 1394, called iLink by Sony It was introduced by Apple Computer It has proved invaluable in taking over from SCSI as the main way to connect hard drives to Macs, especially since they are hot-swappable (you not have to close the Mac down to remove them; simply drag them to the Trash) DTP (Desk Top Publishing) Democratisation of publishing whereby more people could use their computers and a good printer to produce their own printed material at a fraction of the cost of the commercial equivalent Fkeys Function keys Those running across the top of Mac keyboards On Mac laptops, often need to have a specific fn key used in addition to utilise their functionality It lies at the bottom left of their keyboards E EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface) The Intel based firmware used in the latest Intel-based Force Quit A means of closing a program unresponsive to the ordinary Quit command The Hotkeys are Command+Option+esc Also clicking and holding down the Dock icon for 303 MAC OS X FOR PHOTOGRAPHERS the application then choosing Force Quit from that menu, or by opening Activity Monitor and looking for the program that may well be in red text if the operating system is on your side, highlight it and hit the red button at the top left of the window marked ‘Quit Process’ FSCK (File System Check) Unix command used at startup to check the disk catalogue of your startup disk, can also be used from the Terminal application The common usage is by holding down Command+S at startup, which puts the Mac into Single User Mode, then once the screen has completed a series of self checks, it awaits your typing of a command, which in this case is ‘/sbin/fsck -fy’ followed by the Return key If a message says that a repair has been made, run the same procedure again till the confident message ‘Macintosh HD appears to be OK’ is shown Then type ‘reboot’ followed by Return FTP (File Transfer Protocol) Unix term referring to a standard method of transferring data over a network, often remotely Hyperlink A link in one document either to another or a different place in the same one In Web pages these can be either text or images and may be highlighted or underlined When a user clicks the link, the computer switches to the referenced page, place or image on that page I IDE drives (Integrated Drive Electronics) drives, also ATA, most common form of hard disk drive IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) Often the ‘I-triple-E’ – the widely known group that oversees many computer and electronics standards IEEE 802.11 The computer industry standard for Wireless Communications, 802.11b refers to Apple’s ‘Airport’, 802.11g and n specifications refers to ‘Airport Extreme’ IEEE 1394 The Standard for Firewire G Gigabyte One billion bytes - 1,073,741,824 bytes – 230 bytes Abbreviated to GB H HTML (HyperText Markup Language) The computer language of the WorldWide Web – it defines the structure and layout of web pages HTTP and HTTPS The two most common forms of communication on the Web; the first is plain text, whereas the second is encrypted between the web server and the user’s browser, thus protecting sensitive information 304 Intel Apple’s latest chip maker They now make the CPUs that drive all the latest Macs Intel Macs have not been exactly named, and come variously described as MacTels, MacIntels and Intel Macs IPTC (The International Press Telecommunications Council) A consortium of the world’s major news agencies, who develop and maintain technical standards for improved news exchange It is a standard form for detailing metadata storage, which simplifies the sorting and searching of image files GLOSSARY J Jaguar Apple’s codename for Mac OS X 10.2.x JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) They introduced the very popular image compression file format This works by dividing an image into blocks that it offers to convert a proportion of subtly different image values into close value ones with greater preponderance in that area – the proportion of the section it converts is decided by the user entering a value between and 12 where converts a large number of values, through to 12 which converts few This results in more efficient Run Length Encoding, and other algorithms being applied, as the number of different colors and exposure intensities is lessened The choice is therefore between maximum detail at one end, and maximum compression at the other; the user chooses It is therefore described as a ‘lossy’ file format K Kilobyte One thousand bytes, or more accurately 1024 bytes – 210 bytes KB for short Knowledge Base Apple has a very large database which stores a wealth of information about Mac hardware, software, issues and tips; it is well ordered and constantly updated L LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) The newer flat panel displays, now used across the range in Apple Macintosh computers Leopard Apple’s codename for Mac OS X 10.5.x Lightroom Adobe’s new program aimed specifically at professional digital photographers who shoot many images, often only to use a few – Sport, Fashion, Travel and Event practitioners would seem to fit their target audience, much the same as those aimed at by Apple with ‘Aperture’ Longhorn (See also Vista) Microsoft’s earlier codename for its update to Windows XP LZW Lempel, Ziv, Welch Names behind a file compression method, often used for TIFF files M Mac OS X The Macintosh operating system, that adopted BSD Unix at its heart, breaking tradition with prior versions that had been in place up to version 9.2.2, which were proprietary Megabyte One million bytes, though accurately, 1,048,576 bytes - 220 bytes MB for short Metadata The data about data, the storing of information within a file that describes the file itself In our case, the storage of EXIF, IPTC and other data in image files to make others aware of any copyright issues, to give details such as subject, location, Model Release, Client etc., which helps in the sorting, searching and managing of our assets Modifier keys The group of keys that are used in conjuction with the alphanumeric keys as shortcuts to menu items or actions to be performed often on highlighted items, but also on their own The most prominent is the Command key, then there is the Option key (also known as the Alt key), the Shift key, the Control key Loosely, the Escape key (esc) and the Space bar could be considered in this group 305 MAC OS X FOR PHOTOGRAPHERS An example is the Command key held down with the Option key, then hitting the Escape key to cause a ‘stuck’ program to be forced to Quit N NVRAM (Non Volatile RAM) An area where certain values are stored which define how your Mac is set up, such as the realtime clock, what expansion slots are populated, and such like Under certain circumstances, especially due to run-down onboard Lithium batteries, these parameters can be lost They can be reset; the method varying between Mac models O Open Firmware The built-in firmware that actually loads the Mac operating system, normally this is transparent to the User, it simply does its work behind the scenes You can actually reach that starting point Hold down the Command, Option, O and F keys at startup This firmware exists only on Apple’s PowerMac machines, the newer Intel Macs use EFI Both these items are the near equivalent of the BIOS in Windows machines Out-of-Gamut Refers to those RGB colors not capable of representation in the CMYK translation Before conversion, a decision needs to be taken as to how to handle those colors beyond the boundaries of the CMYK envelope This decision is known as the Rendering Intent and is often down to subjective taste or individual judgement in specific circumstances Out-of-gamut colors could be rendered the same as the last color within gamut at that point, or the entire gamut could be compressed to edges of the gamut envelope to preserve the perceived separation of the color values 306 P Panther Codename for Mac OS X 10.3.x PDF (Portable Document Format) Adobe’s cross-platform means of supplying readable files of text, graphics and images, that can be opened by Adobe Reader and Preview, without using the creating program Perceptual The rendering intent that retains the relationship between the various colors in a scene by compressing all to fit the total gamut available Pincushion Distortion See also Barrel Distortion A form of distortion sometimes found at the long end of a telephoto zoom lens, where the sides bow inwards Podcast A new means of Web publishing PostScript A Page Description language developed by Adobe Systems, primarily introduced for Desktop publishing, now used throughout the Printing Industry along with PDF, which takes things further Power Mac The previous range of AIM-chipped Mac computers before the switch to Intel Proof A hardcopy printout from your files to a standard such as Cromalin or Matchprint that is in the final CMYK workspace required by the printer, and will be used to decide that it is fit for use when going to Press Prophoto RGB A popular color workspace amongst professional photographers, especially in 16-bit Used in linear form for Lightroom Puma Apple’s codename for Mac OS X 10.1.x GLOSSARY Q Quartz The technology built upon OpenGL and Core Graphics using PDF to display the Aqua user interface and render 3D effects to screen Currently Quartz Extreme It requires OpenGL compatible Video cards because these the work once handled by the CPU QuickDraw The drawing technology for Macs prior to Mac OS X 10.x The basic unit was the pixel, and was therefore less accurate than current means of dealing with text and graphics which is vector-based, allowing for far greater accuracy and scalability QuickDraw is all but superseded by Display PDF in Quartz Extreme An immediate benefit is how much better text, graphics, and in particular icons look on today’s high resolution screens Quick Look Leopard’s blind version of Preview, now used system wide to display file contents Invoked commonly by clicking the Space bar R RAW Although not an acronym, it has popularly been capitalised as the description of the raw data that is embedded within digital images at the moment the shutter is fired It includes EXIF data (referring to capture parameters such as ISO speed, exposure time and aperture, lens focal length, etc.) IPTC data and proprietary material from the Camera and Lens manufacturers Receipts folder The repository, in the BOM (see also) for the Permissions to Apple’s System files These are checked when you Verify or Repair Permissions, the BOMs are stored here at installation time Relative Colorimetric The Rendering Intent which retains the in-gamut colors at the expense of those outside the gamut, by clipping them to the outside edge so they render the same as those just within Rendering Intent The decision as to what happens to colors that fall outside of the gamut when converted from RGB to CMYK (or any two different gamut workspaces) The two of concern to photographers are Perceptual and Relative Colorimetric In Perceptual Intent the emphasis is on preserving the perceived differences between all the colors, rather than the ultimately faithful reproduction of each color in the scene In Relative Colorimetric, the emphasis is the accurate preservation of all ingamut colors, at the expense of clipping those that fall outside (see also Out-of-Gamut) RGB The acronym for Red, Green and Blue, the common color workspace for the editing and montaging of images, as opposed to CMYK which is what is needed for ink on paper Rosetta An Apple technology developed from Transitive Technology’s code translation software; it translates binary code intended for PowerPC to run X86 instructions for Intel chipped Macs, thus aiding the transition S SATA (Serial ATA) A recent serial connection to hard drives with much faster data transfer rates, first used internally in Mac G5s, now in MacPros also available as external devices, they offer far higher throughput of data than ATA drives 307 MAC OS X FOR PHOTOGRAPHERS SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) Once the method of choice for connecting hard drives to Macs, it is now really confined to high end drives, and been largely supreseded by Firewire, and more recently, SATA drives SFTP Secure method of FTP (see FTP) Shell Another name for a Command Line Interpreter, like Apple’s Terminal program Shell Script A series of instructions entered into Terminal to perform a task at System level Often used to carry out this task for a batch of files Spaces Leopard’s new multiple virtual desktops feature, to limit clutter by grouping open applications T Target Disk Mode A means of allowing a Mac to have its drive be available on another Mac by using a directly connected Firewire cable, without itself booting up It is done by holding the ‘T’ key down whilst starting the Mac whose disk is to be read, until the Firewire logo is seen gently bouncing around its screen The host machine will then see that Mac’s hard drive appear on its Desktop, just like any other external drive Terabyte 1024 Gigabytes - 1,099,511,627,776 bytes – 240 bytes Used as a measure for large capacity storage devices TFT (Thin Film Transistor) The technology behind LCD monitor displays 308 TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) Originally developed by Aldus, the guardians of this file format passed to Adobe when Aldus was bought by them It remains the most popular open standard file format for lossless storage of still image data It has two popular lossless compression formats, ZIP and LZW In its latest incarnation it can store everything that the psd format from Adobe can store when used in Photoshop Tiger Apple’s codename for Mac OS X 10.4.x Time Machine Leopard’s new automatic Backup/Archiving tool (see Chapter 8) U UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) These units are largish batteries with an amount of circuitry, that will allow them to keep your Mac running for a short while, but close down tidily before the battery itself runs down URL (Uniform Resource Locator) The address of the page on the WorldWide Web Although generally assumed, such an address starts with the HTTP protocol: ‘http://’ or ‘http://www.’, such as ‘http://www.focalpress.com’ and may well end as ‘.htm’ or ‘.html’ The variant address ‘https’ indicates a secure connection USB and USB 2.0 (Universal Serial Bus) An Intel Standard connection that lay dormant until adopted by Apple, and since has become ubiquitous on all computing platforms USB 2.0 now appears on all Macs It proves to be an ideal method for connecting mice, keyboards, digitising tablets, rollerballs, modems, mobile phones, PDAs, digital cameras, card readers, scanners and printers to computers GLOSSARY V Vista The Microsoft codename for the latest Windows operating system, originally known as Longhorn Volume Generally this refers to a physical storage device such as a hard disk, a partition on a hard disk, a CD, DVD, floppy disk, or Compact Flash Card Volume Also describes sound level W Weblog Often colloquially shortened to blog – an increasingly popular form of creating a web presence to publish your own thoughts and interests on the Internet, often in journal form, leading with the latest paragraphs WiFi (IEEE 802.11) The industry standard wireless communication term for Apple’s Airport Wikipedia A free encyclopaedia – a powerful Internet resource that is extremely useful when you need definitions of computing and electronic terms It can be edited by the General Public Windows The other Operating system, published and distributed by Microsoft, it also runs on Intel-based machines There are three versions currently, XP Pro, XP Home and Vista It is now possible in Leopard to operate various versions using either the built-in Boot Camp or, using virtualisation software you can run these without the necessity for a reboot Workspace Not to be confused with Color Workspace, is a definition used by Adobe Photoshop and other members of the Creative Suite to define a saved layout or environment involving the placement and visibilty of palettes, toolbox etc Workflows Apple’s term for the macros created in Automator The more general term refers to the ordering and components of a pattern of working; the ideal being to maximize this for an efficient, productive and intuitive flow from start to finish of any project The primary goal of this series of books from Focal Press WorldWide Web Often shortened to the Web The interconnected computers that now span the world providing communication of hypertext-linked files to be seen via a Browser It was created in 1989 by Sir Tim Berners-Lee, working at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland X X pronounced Ten in Mac OS X Z ZIP A popular cross-platform lossless image and file compression format, it can be used in different ways Mac OS X allows you to archive files, especially folders using this format – highlight a folder and Control+click it or use a right mouse-click to get the contextual menu, and choose ‘Create Archive of ’ You can also ZIPcompress any TIFF file at the time of saving 309 INDEX Index Symbols 10.2.8 10.5 3, 4, 8, 301, 305 10.5.x 86 802.11n 113 (Alt or ) key 157 (ctrl) key 157 DS_Store 136 ( ) key 157 Mac 67 ( or ) key 157 /sbin/fsck -fy 149 •Spaces 53 A Accounts 13, 14 ACR 187 Activity Monitor 13, 91 Address Book 56 Admin 14 Administrator 14 Admin password 31 Admin User 15 Adobe 205 Acrobat Adobe Reader 185 Adobe Camera Raw 41 Adobe RGB (1998) 62 Creative Suite GoLive 289 Illustrator 83 Photoshop 5, 289, 294 ADSL 205 Aggregators 202 AIM Print 222 AirDisk 255, 285 Airport Extreme 113 Airport networking 105 alias 48 Ambrosia Software 176 Aperture 184, 192 Appearance 19 Apple 55 About This Mac 16 Apple Key See Command Key Apple logo 16 Apple Remote Desktop 72 Apple System Profiler 16, 35 AppleTalk 70 iLife GarageBand iTunes Apple Downloads 16 Applejack 145 AppleScript 190 Apple Solutions Experts 205 Arrange 17 Arrangement tab 59 ASE 205 Automator 55, 190, 239 B Bar, Title 20 Bill of Materials, BOM 138 Binary, Fat Bluetooth 56 BOM 138 Bonjour 123, 132, 236 Boot Camp 6, 184 Boot Camp Assistant 184 Brickhouse 75 Bridge 5, 190, 192, 294 Broadband 205 Browser 17 Bus Speed 144 C Cable 205 Calculate all sizes 25 Calibrate 60 Calumet 205 Capture One 192 CaptureShop 12 Card Readers 105 CDs 38 CDs & DVDs 58 Central Processing Unit 13 central processor 12 certficate 81 clipping paths 257 Close 19 Cocktail 145 ColorSync 7, 40 ColorSync profiles 40 ColorSync Utility 62 Color Management Color Management Module 216 Color Workspace 62 Column View 23 com.adobe.Photoshop.plist 40 Command+C 48 Command+Tab 42 Command+V 48 Command ( ) key 49 Command+click 30 Command+Drag 29, 30 Command+N 27 Command+Option+P+R 151 Command+Shift+N 27 Compact Flash 192 Compact mode 190 com.xxx.yyy.plist 40 Concatenated Disk Set 169 Concierge 205 Contextual menu 23, 29 Contract Proof 221 Control-click 23 Controlled Vocabulary 193 Control Panels 17 Copy 17 311 MAC OS X FOR PHOTOGRAPHERS Copy and Paste 27 Cordless Mice 56 Core Animation 190 Core Technologies 190 Core Video 190 Coverflow 12 CPU 13 crash 12 Crash 92 Cron 145 Customize 29 Cut 17 D DAM 192 Darwin Dashboard 52 Data Rescue 85 Dates 33 David Riecks 193 default Browser 17 deselect 21 Desktop 40 background 24 Desktop & Screen Saver 53 Detect Displays 59 device profiles 56 Devices 46 DHCP 70 dialog box 32 Digital Asset Management 192 Digital Negative 245 DIMM 114 discoverable 56 Disk Utility 89 Disk Warrior 85 Displays 60 divider 33 Divider line 46 dMax 241 312 DNG 192, 245 Dock 14 Documents 17 Dot Gain 222 Double-click 21 drag 27 drag and drop 27 Drag and Drop 27 DreamWeaver 12 Drive Genius 85 drop 27 Drop Box 270 Droplet 239 dual-core dustbusting 52 DVDs 38 E Edit 17 Effect, Genie 42 Energy Saver 52, 64 Epson USB 132 Ethernet 70, 105 EULA 161 Excel 12 Execute 139 EXIF 192 Export 17 Exposé 52 Eye Monitor 60 F F10 53 F11 53 Fast User Switching 15, 268 Fast User Switching (FUS) |268 Favorites 29, 46 Features, Finder Window 22 File 17 File Browser 190 filenames, long 21 File Transfer Protocol 71, 72 FileVault 15 Find 17 Finder 16 Finder Window Structure 19 Firewall 71 Flow view 22 Flow View 22 Flying Buttress 75 Flyout menu 31 Flyout menus 16 Folder Action 239 folder, Home 20 Folder, Home 41 Fonts 39 Fotostation 192 Freescale Freeze 92 Front Row FSCK 148 FTP 71, 72 G G5 Gather Windows 58 Get Info 30, 31 Gigabit Ethernet 113 Gimp 132 Go 74 Google 55 GPS 192 Grab 179 Graphite 19, 52 H Hang 92 hard disk 20 hardware calibration 60 Hardware test CD 93 INDEX Help 17 help, ontext-sensitive 21 Help Viewer 17 hidden grid 32 Home 15 Home folder 15 HomePage 67 Hot Corner 53 Hot Corners 64 I IBM iCal 184 ICC profile 85 iChat 66, 110 iChat AV 67 Icon 19 icons, special 20 Icon View 21 iDisk 67 IIM 193 iLife 184 Image Capture 85, 266 Image Processor 266 Imaging, Core Import 17 InDesign 190 InDesign template 190 Information Interchange Model 193 ingestion 266 ingest script 266 in, log 12 Install and Keep Package 36 Intel interface 14 IP Address 73 iPhoto 184 IPTC 192, 193 IPTC Core 193 iSight 184 Item, Startup 13 iView Media Pro 192 iWork 5, 184 J JPEG 21 K Keyboard and Mouse pane 56 Keyboard & Mouse 56 Keychain 39 Keychain Access 140 Keychain First Aid 141 Keynote 5, 184 Keywording 193 L LAB 63 lasso 21 Launchd 145 Leopard 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 37, 44, 46, 48, 49, 51, 53, 55, 58, 69, 71, 74, 83, 86, 90, 92, 93, 96, 101, 105, 107, 112, 114, 116, 132, 149, 163, 168, 184, 185, 202, 234, 247, 251, 252, 277, 285, 288, 289, 292, 301, 305, 307 Libraries 38, 39 Library 20, 41 Lightroom 97, 190, 192 line, divider 14 List 19 List View 22 Location 16 log 35 Login Options 82 Log out 16 M Macaroni 145 MacBook Macintosh HD 38 MacJanitor 145 Mac OS 50 Mac OS X MacOS X Software 16 MacPro Mail 55, 184 Main Library 39 marquee 49 Maximum Density 241 menu, Contextual 30 metadata 23, 192, 246 Microsoft Office 12 Mirrored RAID 169 Modifier Keys See Command Key Monitor, Activity 13 Motorola Mounted Volumes 46 Mouse 56 Mouseposé 53 Multi-tasking 12 Multi-threading 12 Multi-user 12 N NAT 75 Navigation arrows 29 nested 21 Network 16 Network Address Translation 75 Network Attached Storage 97, 113, 255, 285 Numbers 184 O OnyX 43 Open Firmware 154 313 MAC OS X FOR PHOTOGRAPHERS Operating System 41 Ownership and Permissions 31 P Package 161 Pages 5, 184 pairing 57 palette 14 Palette Dock 59 Panels, Control 14 Partition tab 89 Password 14 Paste 17 PCI slot 113 PDA 56 permission, Admin 14 Permissions, Repair 139 Personal File Sharing 71 Phase One 192 Photo Downloader 266 Photographers’ Directory 192, 285 Places 44, 46 Podcasts 202 Ports 75 PowerBook Power button 17 PRAM 84 PRAM batteries 84 Preference Pane 14 PreferencePanes 50 Preferences, Systems 14 Preview 5, 21 Printer Setup Utility 132 Print Window 40 ProDIG 205 Profile Connection Space 216 Pro, MacBook Prophoto RGB 216 proxy 29 Public Folder 270 314 Q Quartz Quick Look 184, 185 QuickTime 77 QuickTime Player 77 QuickTime Pro 79 Quit 43 Quit Process 91 R RAID arrays 113 RAM 13 RAW 184 Read 139 Receipts 36 Recent Items 16, 17 Redo 17 Relative dates 25 Repair 139 Repairing Permissions’ 138 resource forks 136 Restart 16, 17, 59 Retrospect 113 Reveal triangle 31 right-mouse-click 21 Root 142 S Safari 21, 184 Safe Boot 153 Sage 12 SATA 108, 113 Scanning - Bit Depth 241 Scractch Disk 169 Scratch Disk 89 screenshot 16 scrollable 23 scrollbar 24 SCSI 113 Search 17 Search For 46 Secure Shell 72 Security 15 Security updates Serial ATA 108, 113 Servers 17 Shared 46, 270 Shareware 40 Sharing 71, 72 Shift+click 30 Shift+Command+A 89 Shift+Command+U 89 Shift-lasso 21 Shift-Tab 49 Shortcut key 16 short User name 20 Show Path View’ 21 Shutdown 16 sidebar 121 single click 17 Single User Mode 146 Skype 68, 205 Sleep 16, 17 Sleep mode 59 Smart folder 55 Smart Folder 55 Smart Folders 46 Soft Proof 221, 222 Software Update 36 special icons 20 Special menu 17 Spotlight 22, 51 SSH 72 Stack 12, 44 Stacks 49 Steve Jobs Stock Artists Alliance 193 Striped RAID 169 subfolders 22 sudo 41 Superuser 41 INDEX System 20 System Library 39 System Preferences 15 System Software System Startup Disk 85 T Tab 49 Tab key 45 tab, Password 14 tab, Security 14 TCP/IP 70 Terminal 41 The Dock Preferences 43 The MacOS X Tiger 14 thumbnails 21 TIFF 32 Tiger 4, 14, 48, 168 tilde (~) 45 Time Machine 93, 105, 112 time-slicing 12 TinkerTool 147 Title Bar 20, 29 Toast 58 Today 25 Traffic Lights 19 Trash 14 Trash the Prefs 40 U Undo 17 Uninterruptible Power Supply 64 UPS 64 Users 20 User’s Library 39 Utilities 89 V Verify 139 Video, Core View, Column 23 View, Icon 21 View, List 22 View menu 19 View Menu 20 Views, List and Column 22 Voice over IP 68, 205 volume 168 Volumes 19 W Wacom Intuos 157 Wastebasket 14 watched folder 266 Web photo gallery 190 Widgets 52 Window 17 Window, Print 40 Windows Sharing 73 Windows XP SP2 86 Wireless Gateways 76 Word Processing Workflow 55 Write 139 X XMP 193 Y Yesterday 25 Z Zip archive 185 315 ... http://www.method-photo.co.uk Other titles in the series Canon DSLR: The Ultimate Photographer’s Guide Mac OS X for Photographers Optimized image workflow for the Mac user Rod Wynne-Powell AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG... place at the time 13 MAC OS X FOR PHOTOGRAPHERS The Mac OS X Tiger and Leopard interfaces I have no reservations when saying that Tiger is the minimum system for Mac- using professional photographers. .. those familiar with the Macintosh experience, and it should be easier for those new to the platform One example is that the User Interface is now scalable: by that is meant, it will adapt to the