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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF MINING AND GEOLOGY MAI VAN SY RESEARCH ON BUILDING A VIRTUAL CITY MODEL FOR URBAN PLANNING SUMMARY OF DOCTOR THESIS Ha noi, 2019 The work was completed at: Department of Cartography, Faculty of Geodesy - Map and Land Management, University of Mining - Geology Science instructor: Associate Professor / Doctor Nguyen Truong Xuan Reviewer 1: Associate Professor / Doctor Tran Dinh Tri Reviewer 2: Doctor Nguyen Phi Son Reviewer 3: Associate Professor / Doctor Pham Viet Hoa The dissertation will be presented and reviewed before the Assessment Council of University-level thesis at the University of Mining and Geology at hours on month year 2019 The thesis can be referred at the library: National Library, Hanoi or the University of Mining and Geology library INTRODUCTION The urgency of the theme As we know urban planning is the organization and construction of urban space for urban development plans and programs of all levels Urban planning is called urban construction planning Urban construction planning is a technical, social and humanities science, an art of organizing living space for cities and urban areas Urban spaces, technical infrastructure works, urban social infrastructure works need to be planned in accordance with the overall development of socio-economic-environment, security - national defense Urban planning and management must satisfy the total requirements of design, spatial structure planning, ecological, economic and social environments All need a multidimensional environment, namely real 3D space or 4D space (to consider the change over time) The implementation of urban planning and urban design in the 3D environment is a great leap forward in technology to replace the traditional GIS 2D urban planning method, which has great significance for urban managers and designers in the current period The study and application of 3D map model to represent the land surface only stops at simulating terrain, geography, rendering and assigning simple attributes without building and managing the database (Database) of urban objects in 3D model, there is no standard framework for spatial database and attributes of 3D objects these matters will make the study of 3D model applications in Urban planning in our country not correspond to its meaning and not meet the actual needs Therefore, building a 3D virtual city model based on a unified 3D database of content and structure will ensure urban planning and management to take a new step in the construction path of Smart city (SmartCity) where the 3D virtual city model is set up as a part of the geospatial data infrastructure (SDI) In the world, the application of 3D virtual city models in urban planning, design and management, and territorial management has been studied and has become a modern method In Vietnam, some scientists have begun to study the application of digital mapping, GIS and information technology to build 3D models for some areas However, due to the large workload, many technical problems still encountered and 3D data standards have not been unified, so far, the development of 3D virtual city models still has faced many issues to be studied In particular, the systematic research and giving the scientific foundation and the process of building 3D virtual city models for urban planning and management need to be implemented Therefore, the study of scientific basis as well as the application and development of appropriate techniques, tools and methods to build 3D virtual city models for urban planning and management of the thesis's theme is highly necessary, scientific and practical Research objectives Establishing scientific basis and process of building 3D virtual city model for urban planning and management, proved by experiment in Kien Thuy industrial and urban area, Hai Phong city Research object According to the theme research goal, the object of study is 3D virtual city model Research Methodology method of synthesizing materials: Collecting and researching topics already studied at home and abroad, on the Internet, books, newspapers and magazines related to 3D models and urban planning Thereby, assess, analyze, classify documents by origin, type, time, author, language into the types of main documents, reference documents, legal documents, and selectively inherit the results which have been studied Modeling method: Method of map modeling, image modeling, GIS modeling, structure modeling for digital data GIS method: Serving database construction and geospatial analysis Informatics method: Serving the development of application modules Method of model presentation: Denotation method by digital map, Denotation method by static, dynamic 3D model Experimental method: Conducting experiments in Kien Thuy industrial and urban area, Hai Phong city to prove the research results of the thesis Expert method: Through workshops, suggestions, getting ideas from experts, scientists in the field of urban planning, in the field of map surveying and information technology The scientific and practical significance of the topic Scientific significance - The thesis has studied and systematically summarized the scientific basis for building 3D virtual city model for urban planning and management Therefore, the research results of the thesis will help to clarify the scientific basis of 3D virtual city technology and make sense in creating a premise for the construction and development of intelligent city data model SmartCity Practical significance: - 3D virtual city model built is valuable information for planners and project managers of Kien Thuy industrial zone in Hai Phong city - Methods and processes researched can be developed to be applied in urban planning and management in our country New points of the topic - Proposing 3D virtual city database including content, data structure, detailed level to apply in urban planning and management in our country - Proposing appropriate technology process in building and exploiting 3D virtual city model for urban planning and management Protection of Arguments Point 1: The proposed 3D virtual city construction database is fully responsive to perspective presentation, providing creative and intuitive urban spatial information, ensure analysis and support decision making in urban planning and management Point 2: The proposed technological process is in line with the requirements of building a 3D virtual city for urban planning and management Document base of the thesis The thesis is built on the basis: Systematically summarize the scientific basis to build 3D virtual city model for urban planning and management and create a premise for building and developing SmartCity smart city data models; articles and scientific research works of domestic and foreign authors published in specialized journals The volume and structure of the thesis The thesis consists of the introduction, 3 chapters, conclusions, recommendations and references The entire content of the thesis is presented in 133 pages of A4 paper, including tables and 70 figures CHAPTER OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ISSUES 1.1 Overview of urban planning and management in our country 1.1.1 Overview of spatial planning and urban planning The demand for economic development in the context of competition and conflicts for space exploitation and use in Vietnam is increasing Therefore, the application of space planning has become an urgent practical need in general and unified state management for Vietnam in the coming time It can be said that space planning and spatial integrated management are still new issues for not only managers and policy makers, but also for scientists and planners in Vietnam There are some planning levels as follows: - General planning - Zoning planning - Detailed planning 1.1.2 Requirements of urban planning 1.1.2.1 Content of urban planning Urban planning is the organization of living space for people in cities and urban areas, the art of arrangement and organizing functional spaces, establishing architectural forms in urban areas on the basis of investigating, analyzing, evaluating, forecasting, estimating the development, characteristics, roles and position in the relationship of regions, needs and resources of urban development, to concretize development strategies and policies and minimize harmful impacts arising in the process of urbanization, making the most of all resources and towards sustainable development It is possible to see the indispensable importance of map products (2D) in planning in general and urban planning in particular The quality, method and denotation of urban space on the map model have great significance in the content of urban planning schemes This is a highly technical issue with a combination of planners and map makers, to provide competent authorities in a plan review and at the same time for agencies, organizations and individuals in the implementation of planning plans in the most effective way 1.1.2.2 Functions of some types of maps in planning projects Topographic maps for the elaboration of urban planning schemes built and issued by state management agencies on maps or by surveying and measuring agencies, ensuring the prescribed quality and technical requirements about measuring map product The information and data of topographic maps must meet the requirements for urban planning in conformity with each type of urban planning scheme In case the topographic map is not suitable for the current situation at the time of planning, the supplemental survey and measurement and adjustment are carried out 1.1.3 Current situation of urban planning and urban management in our country From the problems raised and the requirements of urban planning practices, the trend of applying 3D technology to spatial modeling has brought not only for many sectors but also for urban construction planning a special importance In the past, urban design, planning and management were often carried out on the basis of 2D maps and in addition GIS 2D These types of maps not represent three-dimensional space of urban areas and are difficult to understand if we are not professionals With the development of information technology and related graphics technologies, advanced 3D technology through the use of 3D virtual city models has overcome the disadvantages of 2D technology The 3D virtual city models allow planners and the public to understand complex urban spaces and understand the impact of future developments Such 3D models not only help urban planners perform advanced analysis, planning and decision making, but also help to strengthen transparency in planning by effectively providing planning information to community with the community Currently, 3D technology in general, 3D virtual city model in particular is being researched and widely applied in urban design, planning and management in developed countries and initially in our country This once again confirms the urgency of the thesis topic 1.2 Overview of the situation of 3D model application research in urban planning and management in the world Currently, in the world, 3D models applied in urban planning and management have been interested and studied in many countries such as Australia, Japan, Germany, England, China, Taiwan, etc [84] , [69], [58], [43], [59] Right from the beginning of the history of cartography development, mapmakers discovered many methods of modeling the earth's surface on the map plane With 3D models, cartographers have modeled the territorial surface visually and vividly, making the process of territorial awareness faster and more intuitively 3D models have been used in many different areas such as hydrology, transport, planning, military, [43], [44], [68] In particular, the idea of applying 3D technology in planning work was introduced by Saarinen in the first half of the 20th century [40] However, only when information technology developed, was the realization of Saarinen's idea possible [36], [83] 1.3 Overview of research situation in Vietnam In Vietnam, in the last few years, 3D GIS and three-dimensional maps have also been studied It is possible to list here some typical studies such as: the works of "representation of three-dimensional map and application" [16] The study focused on three-dimensional map representation methods, thereby showing that the network of irregular triangles (TIN) is suitable for representing three-dimensional maps This study focused on the basic concepts, mathematical foundations of three-dimensional topographic maps, thereby, propose to test methods of constructing and representing three-dimensional topographic maps based on technology ArcGIS of ESRI (USA) In 2008, in Hanoi, the Ministry of Construction organized a seminar on "Seminar on application of geographic information systems (GIS) in urban development", which emphasized the important role and applicability of 3D GIS for the city planning and architecture support as well as traffic problems Currently, in our country, many new technologies have been applied to collect three-dimensional spatial data such as sweeping terrain using laser (LiDAR), stereoscopic measurement and drawing, orthogonal radar, etc These data are very good input for modeling three-dimensional maps, but currently these data are newly stored as a text file (text) set of xyz coordinates, regular grid pattern (grid) The natural resources and environment industry is in need of specific research to apply to observable data objects to build and manage three-dimensional maps 1.4 Research orientation of the thesis topic Through researching and studying the technology development process and research projects in the world and in our country, we realize that: Some developed countries in the world have initially researched and successfully applied 3D virtual city models in urban planning and management The content of their research focuses on three issues: techniques of building 3D virtual city models, developing tools (hardware and software) and building information systems based on virtual city models and link with e-government model Therefore, with the wish to contribute to the early application of 3D virtual city model in urban planning and management in our country, the researcher has oriented the research as follows: On the basis of reference and inheriting a number of research achievements in the world and some initial research results in our country, will systematically study the scientific basis of technology, including a list of content and structure, the detailed level of 3D virtual city model, proposing the process of building 3D virtual city model, and studying the experimental application of building 3D model of Kien Thuy industrial urban area with area about 912,83ha in Hai Phong City to verify Conclusion chapter So far, the view of urban planning and management has changed significantly Although in the process of urban planning and management in the past, only a few organizations and experts work in their own fields, but the current planning and management are increasingly concerned by participation and cooperation among different groups of stakeholders and by closer integration in the areas of expertise There have been many special scientific research projects, not building 3D virtual city model based on 3D database for the orientation of spatial planning, the concept of virtual city model in the form of New space simulation has been approached by a number of authors in a number of research projects, building 3D virtual city model based on 3D database as an approach from 2D GIS to 3D GIS receives very little research in Vietnam On the basis of reference and inheritance of some research achievements in the world and some initial research results in our country, there will be a systematic study of the scientific basis of technology, which proposes table of content, structure, detailed level of 3D virtual city model, the process of building 3D virtual city model development plans and construction plans 2.2.3.4 Integrated master plans The main issues in the planning process are the concept of height and construction density of planning proposals, master planning and planning versions which have been continuously integrated into the 3D Land Information System to provide visual simulations during the planning process Figure 2.2: Integration method Figure 2.3: Extrusion-based modeling method for geographic vector data used to represent overall diagrams through Block models and terrain surface structures Figure 2.4: 3D modeling approach to create Figure 2.5: Illustrate modeling methods planning representations as 3D models based on CityGML 2.2.3.5 Integrated planning diagrams The second type of planning to be tested is planning schemes Planning schemes are legally binding planning documents, which define future land use as well as construction density and construction objects 2.2.3.6 Integrated construction projects It is necessary to edit topology data and create a data set of building block feature They are prepared by adding attributes that keep height information and export to SketchUp The main plot plans and drawings, which must be prepared for construction permission, will be used as an alternative to the 3D model 2.2.3.7 Integrate more information through attributes, impacts and annotations The methods presented so far focus on integrating visual representations of geodata and planning into 3D city models In many cases, these visual representations 11 can be considered interfaces for more spatial information 2.3 Study proposed 3D virtual city database Database for 3D model is much more complicated than 2D database This is a new issue in Vietnam, without any standards or regulations issued by the state The construction of 3D virtual city model based on one standard framework for structured 3D databases is required 2.3.1 Space reference frame of data According to the current regulations on geodesic products in the territory of Vietnam, it is necessary to unify to use VN2000 coordinate system for maps: topography, cadastral, planning, current status According to the current regulations on surveying and mapping products in the territory of Vietnam, the VN2000 system coordinate must be used for maps: topography, cadastral, planning, current status 2.3.2 3D object graphics structure Any object is built based on: points, lines, planes and finally using 3D constructing to create objects After having a 3D model, the next task is to assign a surface image, fill, shadow, and pattern, in which the surface piece image is related to the detail level of the image (LoD) 2.3.3 Detailed levels in 3D virtual city model The process of building a 3D map can be divided into two main steps that are similar to making a maquette, at first creating a frame, then covering the color layers and adding other objects 2.3.4 Propose level of detail in 3D virtual city model Thus, based on the above analysis, it can be seen that in reality the LoD concept is used to express the smoothness of 3D object surface However, LoD is just one of the aspects to consider when acquiring a 3D virtual city model, because from a geometric point of view, there are many variations of models in each LoD So, levels of LoD1, LoD2, LoD3 which will be used in urban space simulation are the most suitable, ensuring the functions as well as effectively serve the problem of analyzing virtual space 12 Figure 2.12: Detailed levels (LoD) in 3D virtual city model 2.3.5 Recommend content and data structure 2.3.5.1 Analyze the content components of 3D virtual city database In 2D vector data, there are main types of objects: points, lines, regions, and for 3D data, there are types: points, lines, regions, faces, blocks All these objects are attached to the DEM surface The structure of 3D space model includes DEM background, graphic data of geographic objects, attribute data associated with the graphic data of the object and all are displayed in 3D environment on principle map Table 2.1: Regulations on accuracy of 3D object height 2.3.5.2 Propose a list of content and structure of data The thesis proposes the content and structure of 3D virtual city database as follows: 13 Figure 2.13: Structure diagram of 3D virtual city database model 2.4 Proposing the process of building 3D virtual city for urban planning and management 2.4.1 General Process There are three main design and construction elements in the process of building 3D virtual city models First of all, it is necessary to set up and build a geographic database with the feature of the designed data set Secondly, set up 3D geometry model based on previously built data set Finally, the analysis process to display the final results in 3D environment 2D database Update geographic coordinates Building geographic database Display 3D model results Analyze, process Set 3D geometry model Design 3D virtual city model Figure 2.23: Process of processing and forming 3D model 2.4.2 The process of building 3D maps from high-resolution remote sensing images The process of building 3D virtual city model from high-resolution remote sensing image basically consists of steps: stereoscopic image measurement; processing orthogonal images; extract pictures of foundations of buildings, works and build 3D city models 14 2.4.3 Proposing the process of building 3D virtual city model for urban planning In fact, the 2.24 process allows building 3D virtual city model (3DCM), but not yet a 3D model for detailed planning work The 3D virtual city model established from ultra-high and high resolution remote sensing will provide a state-of-the-art model, based on that, combined with planning 3D models, will create a 3D virtual city model for urban planning Figure 2.26 Workflow diagram for 3D city modelling Conclusion Chapter 2: The content of the chapter has studied and systematically summarized the scientific basis for building a 3D virtual city model for urban planning and management Analyzed the content objects when modeling the urban real space, summarized and classified by groups based on the nature and characteristics of urban space, thereby proposing the content framework of objects in urban space The proposed content framework is based on the inheritance of international standards (CityGML of OGC), developed based on Vietnam's current 2D geographic technical standards 15 (QCVN11: 2008 / BTNMT; QCVN04: 2009 / BTNMT; QCVN42: 2012 / BTNMT) The standard framework of 10 data groups has been proposed in accordance with urban planning and management purposes Developed a 3D city database framework with the proposed data list of each data group, structure model for each data layer, detailed level in the demonstration (LoD), in accordance with Vietnam urban planning requirements Each object managed in the database ensures the establishment of 3D models of urban areas based on each spatial attribute, quantitative attributes of the objects, thereby ensuring the quantitative analysis of the Planning math problem, like a GIS 3D A complete technological process has been proposed to build a 3D virtual city model for urban planning and management CHAPTER EXPERIENCE TO BUILD THE MODEL OF A 3D VIRTUAL CITY KIEN THUY URBAN INDUSTRIAL PARK, HAI PHONG CITY 3.1 Introduce the study area Figure 3.1: The study area 3.2 Building 3D virtual city model of test area 3.2.1 Selecting software Based on the results of the survey of existing software and experience, Skyline was chosen as a software to test and introduce 3D model products in this experiment because this is the software package for 3D space application, providing visual display solution, terrain analysis, planning in 3D space Skyline software has modules such as TerraBuilder, TerraExplorer (Pro, Plus, Viewer), TerraGate, Web has structure as follows: 16 Figure 3.2: Operation structure of Skyline 3.2.2.2 Prepare a picture map and digital model of the height of the study area UAV images obtained after shooting will be processed by Pix4D mapper software The result is a UAV picture map with a 5cm and DSM 10 cm resolution Figure 3.5: Digital Surface Model (DSM) Figure 3.4: Picture map of the study area established from UAV image 3.2.2.3 Building a geographic information database with a scale of 1: 2000 UAV image material combined with materials on specialized software, image maps, topographic maps and geographic databases at 1: 2,000 scale of experimental areas are completed 3.2.3 Build 3D virtual city model In order to build a 3D city model from a 2D database source created above, it is necessary to classify objects according to CityGML standards 17 Figure 3.6: Topographic map with scale 1: 2000 Figure 3.8: Terrain simulation results 3.3 Integrating planning solutions In order to integrate planning solutions into 3DCM, the first step is to digitize 2D planning maps, to convert objects to DEM backgrounds, to assign elevations and LoD levels and finally integrate plans into the 3DCM city model 3.3.1 Digitize plans Unlike geographic data, most plans and planning solutions are not georeferenced and cannot be directly integrated into the 3D city model Therefore, at first, it is necessary to encode the planning map geography and transfer the spatial reference frame to VN2000 before the model integrated into 3DCM Figure 3.9: Digitized planning solution on ArcGIS software 3.3.2 Standardize 3D space data planning plans 3D models planning schemes are classified into groups (buildings, moving objects, and plant objects), and the building's height on the ground and the base height assigned into the height of DEM at the object position as attribute in GIS environment - Prepare software - Prepare 3D notation library - Geophysics model 18 - Houses and blocks - Urban technical infrastructure works - Tree symbols - Geophysics model photos and Level of Detail - LoD 3.3.3 Integrate planning solution on 3D virtual city model 3.3.3.1 Construction works (high buildings, low buildings, workshop) The key issue in the planning process is the concept of height and construction density of proposed plans The master plan and the plan version have been continuously integrated into the 3DCM Model to provide simulation images during the planning process 3.3.3.2 Roads (main axis, dyke road, pavement) The traffic object layers, dyke, pavement after being digitized on ArcGIS software into database will be integrated into 3D city model On 3D software, there are functions to import and present these object layers The software allows to select the color or structure of the object 3.3.3.3 Water system From database, the water surface is converted into the City Model The software allows to select the fill color or water effect 3.3.3.5 Dynamic objects For 3D city model to be livelier and more realistic, it is necessary to add dynamic 3D models such as: Cars, trams, 3.3.3.6 Power line The software allows simulation of power lines 3.3.3.7 Drainage works The software allows simulation of water supply and drainage works Water supply and drainage works are often underground, under the surface of DEM 3.4 Develop a number of supporting software "tools" On Skyline software system, there are several spatial analysis tools: Vision analysis, Sun shadow analysis , to solve planning problems, it is necessary to attach specific planning criteria, but this software does not have To solve these problems, it is necessary to build some supporting software "tools" on Skyline In this thesis, researcher has deeply studied the Skyline Software set and developed more tools to 19 support urban planning 3.4.1 Check the ratio of minimum land to plant trees It is very important to check whether the land use map is in accordance with the standard or not Previously, this check was done manually and when there was a change, it had to be recalculated from the beginning In 3DCM, we have built a tool to check the land use map in general and in particular the percentage of land to plant trees 3.4.2 Check building design Objects of houses and blocks are designed with detailed fields including: Figure 3.29: Properties of houses and blocks Figure 3.30: Check building design In urban planning, it is necessary to adhere to the principles of urban design 3.4.3 Regulations on the setback space The same as standard of an urban planning scheme also stipulates the setback space of the building adjacent to the urban traffic axes 3.4.4 Regulations on the minimum distance between blocks According to the standards of an urban planning scheme, the stipulation of minimum distance between blocks is mandatory, the planning design must always ensure this criterion 3D model provides a utility tool to control this indicator 3.4.5 Support for urban design testing In the thesis, we have built a tool to allow urban design testing to check the requirements on distance between blocks, the project setback, construction density If any planned object does not meet the requirements on the system will list it for the urban designer to re-examine the design plan 3.5 Introducing some application results of 3D virtual city model in experimental area 3.5.1 Demonstration of model views 20 3D software allows users to build scenarios including effects: geographic location, animation of moving objects, simulating the process of constructing buildings for showing and presentation of planning plans 3.5.2 Analysis and Simulation For urban designers, the most important application based on 3D city models is visual analysis In 3D virtual dynamic environment, through the calculation of vision through simulation of model vision and visual analysis for areas, quantify geometry relations which can be seen or helped by Application software tools to make the design process more practical and scientific - Simulation of visual space - Visual analysis and visibility calculations - Analysis of urban space physical quality 3.5.3 Decision-making support A support system that determines the design process is very complex, and it engages in all of the above aspects, physical quality, image quality, and functional quality of space In general, some analytical functions are needed to make decisions In a spatial decision support system (SDSS), to match the design process, all necessary analytical functions should be integrated Visual images from computers can change the way we think and how we work For architects and planners, it can change the design way The ability to visualize urban structural changes and experience changes in their actual context allows planners and designers to evaluate, select, replace quicker, more detailed, and low-cost through more traditional analysis Conclusion Chapter 3: In Chapter 3, researcher has completed experiments to build 3D virtual city model of Kien Thuy industrial urban area in Hai Phong city based on using UAV technology with specialized software like Pix4D mapper and Agisoft software Photoscan and Skyline In addition, researcher used the standardized language c # with interface in Vietnamese in Skyline, writing more application modules to support urban planning and management Experimental results have initially proved the goals and proposals of the project 21 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Conclusion The research results of this thesis developed a 3D virtual city model to a new level, in addition to the ability to perform, simulate, and visualize, but also capable of analyzing spatial problems and management of 3D objects according to structure, ensuring objectives to support urban planning and management Thereby, through experiment research in Kien Thuy industrial park, Hai Phong to prove the effectiveness in supporting the management of 3D map model in general and 3D city virtual model in particular The research results of the thesis include: 1.Through an overview study of issues of building 3D models for urban planning and management, a comprehensive and sufficient introduction of urban planning issues and the necessity of maps forms in general and 3D map models in particular in construction planning projects Methods to build 3D models, trends and situation of 3D model research and application in the country and the world, thereby serving as a basis for the selection of technological solutions in the construction of the virtual city of the thesis The thesis has researched and applied advanced technologies of map measurement in the process of building 3D data model Technological solutions for UAV in building 2D geographic background data, image graphs, DTM, topographic map data from there are input data for 3D models This demonstrates that the technologies of map surveying fully meet the requirements for data acquisition in 3D virtual city model building The dissertation has analyzed content objects when modeling the real space of urban areas, summarizing and classifying them based on the nature and characteristics of urban space, thereby propose content frame of objects in urban space The proposed content framework is based on the inheritance of international standards (CityGML of OGC), developed based on Vietnam's current 2D geographic technical standards (QCVN11: 2008 / BTNMT; QCVN04: 2009 / BTNMT; QCVN42: 2012 / BTNMT) The standard framework of 10 data groups has been proposed in accordance with urban planning and management purposes In the dissertation, the 3D city database framework has been developed with 22 the proposed data list of each data group, the structure model for each data layer, the level of detail in the demonstration (LoD), in accordance with Vietnam urban planning requirement Each object managed in the database ensures the establishment of 3D models of urban areas based on each spatial attribute, quantitative attributes of the objects, thereby ensuring the quantitative analysis of the Planning math problem, like a 3D GIS From the 3D virtual city database model, the thesis has developed applications for quantitative analysis of space in urban areas The 3D model for urban planning and management is applicable to quantitative analysis according to urban planning standards, this is a new issue established to support the examination of planning projects and decision-making in the process of urban management according to planning The thesis has proposed a complete technological process for building 3D virtual city models for urban planning and management Experimental results of building 3D virtual city model Kien Thuy industrial urban area (with an area of 912.83 ha) in Hai Phong City has initially proved the proposals and ability to apply 3D virtual city model in urban planning and management in our country The scientific basis and experiment results of the thesis on building a virtual city model 3D will be the basis to effectively support the planning and urban management not only for the study area but also as a foundation to develop and multiply the model of virtual city application in development planning of urban areas and industrial parks in the country Recommendation Currently in our country, the study of 3D model in general, 3D virtual city model in urban planning and management in particular is only the initial steps In order to effectively implement research and application in our country, we need to focus on some of the following issues: Develop and issue a National technical standard on 3D databases, at first for Vietnamese cities Manage integrated GeodataBase 3D urban planning projects in city databases to ensure management and support of urban government decision making 23 Research results create a basis for developing SmartCity model in Vietnamese cities 24 LIST OF SCIENCE WORKS OF ANNOUNCED AUTHORS RELATED TO THE THESIS Bui Ngoc Quy, Nguyen Truong Xuan, Ability to apply Cyber City model in planning work Journal of geodesy and cartography, number 24 - 6/2015 Bui Ngoc Quy, Pham Van Hiep, Le Dinh Quy Study to use unmanned aircraft (UAV) image data in establishing large scale map Journal of geodesy and cartography, No 33-9 / 2017 Do Thi Phuong Thao, Nguyen Thi Phuong Hoa, Pham Van Hiep (2017), Application of remote Sensing and GIS for predicting of Land Use change with the LCM model for territorial planning of Hai Phong province (Vietnam), 38th Asian Conference on Remote Sensing, New Delhi, India Do Thi Phuong Thao, Nguyen Van Loi, combining population statistics and remote sensing data to establish population distribution map Journal of Geodesy and Cartography, No 36-6 / 2018 Do Thi Phuong Thao, Bui Ngoc Quy, Nghiem Thi Huyen, (2017), Mapping the land use prediction in Binh Duong province by 2030 with Land Changer Modeler (LCM) model combining data Landsat satellite image, Journal of Geodesy and Map No 31 / 3-2017 Nguyen Truong Xuan, Cap Xuan Tu, Development of modules to support the application of Lidar integrated system - digital cameras in the establishment of high-altitude models and image graphs Journal of geodesy and cartography, No 17-9 / 2013 Sy Mai Van, Tuan Ta Minh, Xuan Nguyen Truong, Van Tran Thi Hai, Dung Nguyen Thi Mai and Quynh Nguyen Thi Huong (2018), Application of virtual 3D city models in urban planning, GIS-IDEAS 2018, Can Tho Unversity, Viet Nam ... simple attributes without building and managing the database (Database) of urban objects in 3D model, there is no standard framework for spatial database and attributes of 3D objects these matters... THESIS Bui Ngoc Quy, Nguyen Truong Xuan, Ability to apply Cyber City model in planning work Journal of geodesy and cartography, number 24 - 6/2015 Bui Ngoc Quy, Pham Van Hiep, Le Dinh Quy Study to... database ensures the establishment of 3D models of urban areas based on each spatial attribute, quantitative attributes of the objects, thereby ensuring the quantitative analysis of the Planning