Measuring the validity of usage reports provided by e book vendors emerging research and opportunities

Measuring the Validity of Usage Reports Provided by E-Book Vendors: Emerging Research and Opportunities Aiping Chen-Gaffey Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania, USA Heather Getsay Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania, USA A volume in the Advances in Library and Information Science (ALIS) Book Series Published in the United States of America by IGI Global Information Science Reference (an imprint of IGI Global) 701 E Chocolate Avenue Hershey PA, USA 17033 Tel: 717-533-8845 Fax: 717-533-8661 E-mail: cust@igi-global.com Web site: http://www.igi-global.com Copyright © 2018 by IGI Global All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or distributed in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without written permission from the publisher Product or company names used in this set are for identification purposes only Inclusion of the names of the products or companies does not indicate a claim of ownership by IGI Global of the trademark or registered trademark Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Chen-Gaffey, Aiping, 1958- author | Getsay, Heather, 1973- author Title: Measuring the validity of usage reports provided by e-book vendors : emerging research and opportunities / by Aiping Chen-Gaffey and Heather Getsay Description: Hershey, PA : Information Science Reference, [2018] | Includes bibliographical references Identifiers: LCCN 2017015196| ISBN 9781522532385 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781522532392 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Libraries Special collections Electronic books | Electronic books Use studies | COUNTER (Organization) | Acquisition of electronic information resources | Collection management (Libraries) Statistical methods Classification: LCC Z692.E4 C48 2018 | DDC 025.17/4 dc23 LC record available at https://lccn loc.gov/2017015196 This book is published in the IGI Global book series Advances in Library and Information Science (ALIS) (ISSN: 2326-4136; eISSN: 2326-4144) British Cataloguing in Publication Data A Cataloguing in Publication record for this book is available from the British Library All work contributed to this book is new, previously-unpublished material The views expressed in this book are those of the authors, but not necessarily of the publisher For electronic access to this publication, please contact: eresources@igi-global.com Advances in Library and Information Science (ALIS) Book Series ISSN:2326-4136 EISSN:2326-4144 Editor-in-Chief: Alfonso Ippplito, Sapienza University-Rome, Italy & Carlo Inglese, Sapienza University-Rome, Italy Mission The Advances in Library and Information Science (ALIS) Book Series is comprised of high quality, research-oriented publications on the continuing developments and trends affecting the public, school, and academic fields, as well as specialized libraries and librarians globally These discussions on professional and organizational considerations in library and information resource development and management assist in showcasing the latest methodologies and tools in the field The ALIS Book Series aims to expand the body of library science literature by covering a wide range of topics affecting the profession and field at large The series also seeks to provide readers with an essential resource for uncovering the latest research in library and information science management, development, and technologies Coverage • Service Learning in Libraries • Human resources management • Research Habits of Students and Faculty • Subject Specialists in Libraries • Continuing Education for Library Professionals • Academic Libraries in the Digital Age • Resource Sharing in Libraries • Open Access • Professional Development • Children and Youth Services IGI Global is currently accepting manuscripts for publication within this series To submit a proposal for a volume in this series, please contact our Acquisition Editors at Acquisitions@igi-global.com or visit: http://www.igi-global.com/publish/ The Advances in Library and Information Science (ALIS) Book Series (ISSN 2326-4136) is published by IGI Global, 701 E Chocolate Avenue, Hershey, PA 17033-1240, USA, www.igi-global.com This series is composed of titles available for purchase individually; each title is edited to be contextually exclusive from any other title within the series For pricing and ordering information please visit http://www.igi-global.com/book-series/advances-library-information-science/73002 Postmaster: Send all address changes to above address ©© 2018 IGI Global All rights, including translation in other languages reserved by the publisher No part of this series may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means – graphics, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or information and retrieval systems – without written permission from the publisher, except for non commercial, educational use, including classroom teaching purposes The views expressed in this series are those of the authors, but not necessarily of IGI Global Titles in this Series For a list of additional titles in this series, please visit: http://www.igi-global.com/book-series/advances-library-information-science/73002 The Developing Role of Public Libraries in Emergency Management Emerging Research Michael Mabe (Chesterfield County Public Library, USA) and Emily A Ashley (Chesterfield County, USA) Information Science Reference • ©2017 • 119pp • H/C (ISBN: 9781522521969) • US $120.00 Library and Information Services for Bioinformatics Education and Research Shri Ram (Thapar University, India) Information Science Reference â2017 • 291pp • H/C (ISBN: 9781522518716) • US $190.00 Managing Knowledge and Scholarly Assets in Academic Libraries Bhojaraju Gunjal (National Institute of Technology Rourkela, India) Information Science Reference â2017 • 381pp • H/C (ISBN: 9781522517412) • US $180.00 Interdisciplinary Digital Preservation Tools and Technologies Tariq Ashraf (University of Delhi, India) and Naresh Kumar (American Center Library, India) Information Science Reference â2017 281pp H/C (ISBN: 9781522516538) US $190.00 Library Technology Funding, Planning, and Deployment Edward Iglesias (Stephen F Austin State University, USA) Information Science Reference • ©2017 • 257pp • H/C (ISBN: 9781522517351) • US $155.00 Academic Library Development and Administration in China Lian Ruan (Illinois Fire Service Institute at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA) Qiang Zhu (Peking University, China) and Ying Ye (Nanjing University, China) Information Science Reference â2017 391pp H/C (ISBN: 9781522505501) • US $195.00 For an enitre list of titles in this series, please visit: http://www.igi-global.com/book-series/advances-library-information-science/73002 701 East Chocolate Avenue, Hershey, PA 17033, USA Tel: 717-533-8845 x100 • Fax: 717-533-8661 E-Mail: cust@igi-global.com • www.igi-global.com Table of Contents Preface vi Chapter What Is COUNTER and Why Is It Important? .1 Chapter COUNTER: Standardization of E-Books Statistics 10 Chapter Case Study Part 1: Sorting Out the Data Mess 20 Chapter Case Study Part 2: Apples, Oranges, and Pears 30 Chapter Case Study Part 3: More Apples, Oranges, and Pears – Interpreting Ebrary, EBSCO, and Safari Non-COUNTER Reports 55 Chapter COUNTER and Non-COUNTER: Consolidating Vendor-Provided Usage Reports 73 Chapter Findings, Discussion, and Recommendations 97 Related Readings 109 About the Authors 128 Index 129 vi Preface Imagine yourself being a collection assessment librarian who conducts a comprehensive review of usage statistics for different e-book collections The usage reports are available from different vendors In addition to the challenge of interpreting data, you find it difficult to compare usage of various collections Not only the usage reports look different from various vendors, but also they differ in data metrics For example, the usage report(s) from Vendor A contains a detailed account of usage at title level; Vendor B reports on usage with its own unique usage metrics, mostly at a collection level; while Vendor C offers reports with yet a different set of data categories Some of the vendors offer a different type of reports, labelled as “COUNTER Reports,” in addition to their standard usage reports Although the COUNTER Reports appear to be more unified across the vendors, they not always contain the specific usage information you seek Also, by a closer review you discover that even the COUNTER reports vary among the vendors Unfamiliar with COUNTER reports, you wonder what are the genuine differences between the COUNTER and non-COUNTER reports In short, even before evaluating the usage data you are faced with the challenge to select relevant reports that are comparable across the vendors… While this imaginary story may or may not sound familiar to you, it is precisely the situation the authors encountered in Summer of 2015 Wouldn’t it be wonderful if all e-books vendors and publishers would provide uniform usage reports which librarians can use to compare usage of e-books collections from different vendors? Is this possible? What are COUNTER reports? Why vendors provide COUNTER reports in addition to their local usage reports? This book is not about usage per se; it is about issues surrounding usage reports Instead of conducting a library usage study, the authors are attempting an investigation into the current usage reporting standards and reports offered by a sample of vendors Preface STANDARDIZATION OF USAGE REPORTS Academic librarians face challenges with interpreting usage statistics provided by vendors Despite the various initiatives from international library and information communities “to bring reliability, consistency, and uniformity to the usage reports” for more than a decade (Gul & Shah, 2014; Pesch, 2007, 2011; Shepherd, 2004, 2006), many issues regarding usage reports raised by the library community remain unresolved Incompatibility among usage reports is still a major obstacle librarians struggle to overcome (JUSP ebook discussion forum report, 2016) Project COUNTER, the latest effort in the standardization of usage reports, achieved its first significant milestone with the inception of the COUNTER Code of Practice The success of COUNTER standards is exhibited by their wide application in the library and publishing community and the growing number of electronic content providers who embrace the Code of Practice Since 2002, the start of Project COUNTER, there have been four releases of the COUNTER Code of Practice COUNTER published its first release of the Code of Practice in January 2003, thus setting the first international standards for reporting usage of electronic resources The second release was published in 2006, adding information requested by librarians since Release Release specifically addressed issues concerning terminology, layout and format of reports, and data processing (Pesch, 2007) COUNTER Release (for Journals and Databases) took effect in 2009 It incorporated SUSHI (the ANSI/NISO Z39.93 Standardized Usage Statistics Harvesting Initiative) The SUSHI Protocol made it possible to automate the process of retrieving COUNTER-compliant usage data However, it is not until the current release of the COUNTER Code of Practice (Release 4), when e-books vendors began to implement the COUNTER standards Release was published in December 2013 and its implementation started in January 2014 One of the most significant developments with COUNTER Release is that it integrated the book reports as part of the latest COUNTER Code of Practice How successful is the implementation of COUNTER standards for counting e-books usage? Although there has been abundant literature on standardization of usage statistics and more specifically on COUNTER, most of the existing COUNTER studies have focused on journals and database usage reports A review of current research publications shows very little on COUNTER reports concerning electronic books Therefore, the authors felt compelled to conduct a case study on the vendor implementation of COUNTER book reports and issues specifically related to e-books usage reports vii Preface PURPOSE, SCOPE, ORGANIZATION The present book is primarily about e-books usage reports More specifically, it describes the authors’ experience with, questions about, and exploration of COUNTER book reports and its implementation by vendors The authors will examine how consistent and compatible are the usage reports librarians receive from various e-book vendors by analyzing three vendor cases The case study will focus on what types of usage data are delivered by the e-books providers, and how the data are presented The book will investigate what issues and challenges librarians face in interpreting vendor provided usage data, with the primary focus on data provided by COUNTER standard reports Although SUSHI has become an integral part of COUNTER Code of Practice, this book intends to only discuss the content standards of COUNTER reports The technical aspects concerning data processing are less of a focus in this book Also, the case study and discussions are based on COUNTER standards and usage data under Release The authors anticipate the advent of the COUNTER Code Practice Release in the near future, which will bring about new changes and improvement of the COUNTER standards The authors hope that COUNTER Release will address at least some of the issues raised in the current study The other factors to consider are the setting of the study: it involves a medium-sized academic institution The scope of the research is limited to the size of the library e-books collection, and the number of vendors under investigation is limited to the circumstances of this institution Therefore, some of issues raised in this book may be more typical for small to medium sized libraries The main purpose of this book is to help librarians understand the common issues surrounding the usage reports produced by e-book vendors The authors seek to achieve the following objectives: Understand and evaluate COUNTER standards on the reporting of e-book usage; Examine and identify issues with vendor practices in collecting and delivering usage reports, including COUNTER and non-COUNTER reports; Explore solutions to overcome issues and interpret vendor usage data in a more meaningful way viii Preface The book is divided into seven chapters, exploring five main topics: What is COUNTER Code of Practice? How successful is the implementation of COUNTER book reports in the present case study? How COUNTER Book Reports 1-5 compare with vendors’ “local” standard usage reports? Is it possible to consolidate COUNTER and non-COUNTER data? What are some practical solutions to overcome issues and challenges in interpreting usage data? The core part of the book is a case study, which examines and/or verifies whether the data presented in vendor COUNTER reports followed the COUNTER Code of Practice; whether the data are credible, consistent, and compatible, or to what degree; and what role vendors’ non-COUNTER reports play in providing usage data Chapters and are about the COUNTER Code of Practice and COUNTER book reports Chapter gives a brief account on Project COUNTER, its purpose, underlying principles and core standards, and more importantly, who will benefit from the COUNTER standards Chapter describes each COUNTER standard report for e-book usage data, pointing to potential issues as they have been implemented by e-books vendors For example, the fact that COUNTER book reports allow vendors to choose which reports to implement and the flexibility to define content type for certain data categories could lead to discrepancies and inconsistencies among vendors in providing COUNTER reports Chapters and explore COUNTER Book Reports 1-5 and Platform Report and their implementation by major vendors Chapter introduces a case study, which involves a medium-sized academic library that has been acquiring e-books primarily through large subscription packages from three major vendors It describes the setting, data collection, and methodology of the study The chapter describes the current implementation of COUNTER book reports by three vendors It identifies what COUNTER and nonCOUNTER reports each vendor provides, examines the COUNTER usage reports against the COUNTER Code of Practice, and evaluates the degree of their compliance ix Related Readings Goovaerts, M., Nieuwenhuysen, P., & Dhamdhere, S N (2016) VLIRUOS Workshop ‘E-Info Discovery and Management for Institutes in the South’: Presentations and Conclusions, Antwerp, 8-19 December, 2014 In E de Smet, & S Dhamdhere (Eds.), E-Discovery Tools and Applications in Modern Libraries (pp 1-40) Hershey, PA: IGI Global doi:10.4018/978-15225-0474-0.ch001 Gunjal, B (2017) Managing Knowledge and Scholarly Assets in Academic Libraries: Issues and Challenges In B Gunjal (Ed.), Managing Knowledge and Scholarly Assets in Academic Libraries (pp 270–279) Hershey, PA: IGI Global doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-1741-2.ch013 Henrich, K J (2015) Making Connections, Building Community: Applications for Developing Library Allies In S Bonnand & M Hansen (Eds.), Innovative Solutions for Building Community in Academic Libraries (pp 307–321) Hershey, PA: IGI Global doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-8392-1.ch016 Ibrahim, H., Mustapa, R., Edzan, N., & Yahya, W A (2016) Profiling Prominent Malaysians in Bernama Library and Infolink Service In J Yap, M Perez, M Ayson, & G Entico (Eds.), Special Library Administration, Standardization and Technological Integration (pp 315–336) Hershey, PA: IGI Global doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-9542-9.ch014 Idiegbeyan-Ose, J., Ifijeh, G., Iwu-James, J., & Ilogho, J (2016) Management of Institutional Repositories (IR) in Developing Countries In E de 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Knowledge Management In B Gunjal (Ed.), Managing Knowledge and Scholarly Assets in Academic Libraries (pp 156–173) Hershey, PA: IGI Global doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-1741-2.ch007 Ress, A D., McLaughlin, J A., & Bertuca, C (2016) Online Video Tutorials and Interlibrary Resource Sharing: A Model for Understanding the Role of Internet Video in Library Science and Education In B Doherty (Ed.), Technology-Centered Academic Library Partnerships and Collaborations (pp 61–88) Hershey, PA: IGI Global doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-0323-1.ch003 Ruffin, I J., Brannen, M H., & Venable, M (2015) Library as Campus Main Street: Building Community via Engaging Programming and Spaces In S Bonnand & M Hansen (Eds.), Innovative Solutions for Building Community in Academic Libraries (pp 269–291) Hershey, PA: IGI Global doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-8392-1.ch014 Ryan, S M., & Grubbs, W T (2016) Curricular Collaborations: Using Emerging Technologies to Foster Innovative Partnerships In B Doherty (Ed.), Technology-Centered 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doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-1741-2.ch011 Walker, B., & Pursley, T (2016) A Statewide Collaborative Storage and Print Repository Model: The Florida Academic Repository (FLARE) In B Doherty (Ed.), Space and Organizational Considerations in Academic Library Partnerships and Collaborations (pp 111–129) Hershey, PA: IGI Global doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-0326-2.ch006 White, G W (2016) The Library as a Center for Innovation: A Collaboration at the University of Maryland In B Doherty (Ed.), Space and Organizational Considerations in Academic Library Partnerships and Collaborations (pp 68–86) Hershey, PA: IGI Global doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-0326-2.ch004 Williamson, P O (2015) Improving Interaction in Online Liaison Services through Skype International Journal of Digital Library Systems, 5(1), 45–64 doi:10.4018/IJDLS.2015010105 Yap, J M (2016) Social Media Literacy of Agricultural Librarians in the Philippines In J Yap, M Perez, M Ayson, & G Entico (Eds.), Special Library Administration, Standardization 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Socio-Economic and Cognitive Skills as Barriers to Information Seeking in a Digital Library Environment In A Tella (Ed.), Information Seeking Behavior and Challenges in Digital Libraries (pp 179–202) Hershey, PA: IGI Global doi:10.4018/978-1-52250296-8.ch009 Yuvaraj, M (2016) Impact of Discovery Layers on Accessing E-Resources in Academic Libraries: A Case Study of Central University of Bihar In E de Smet & S Dhamdhere (Eds.), E-Discovery Tools and Applications in Modern Libraries (pp 181–200) Hershey, PA: IGI Global doi:10.4018/9781-5225-0474-0.ch010 Zanin-Yost, A (2015) Information Literacy Instruction for International Students: Collaborating for Success In S Bonnand & M Hansen (Eds.), Innovative Solutions for Building Community in Academic Libraries (pp 117–126) Hershey, PA: IGI Global doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-8392-1.ch007 Zaremohzzabieh, Z., Ahrari, S., Abu Samah, B., & Bolong, J (2016) Researching Information Seeking in Digital Libraries through InformationSeeking Models In A Tella (Ed.), Information Seeking Behavior and Challenges in Digital Libraries (pp 84–107) Hershey, PA: IGI Global doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-0296-8.ch005 127 128 About the Authors Aiping Chen-Gaffey is Bibliographic Services Librarian at Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania As the head cataloger, she oversees the library cataloging function and manages catalog records for the library’s electronic collections She also works as subject librarian for Music, Modern Languages and Cultures, and Interdisciplinary Programs In addition to the academic librarianship, she taught as adjunct faculty at the Library Science Department, Clarion University of Pennsylvania (2005-2012) The courses she taught include Cataloging and Classification, Advanced Cataloging, and Management of Technical and Access Services Prior to her library career, she worked as German language instructor at the Sino-German Language Center, University of International Business & Economics (Beijing, China) Aiping Chen-Gaffey holds a Master of Library and Information Science and a Master of Arts in Germanic Languages and Literatures from the University of Pittsburgh Heather Getsay is Resource Acquisitions Librarian at Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania She oversees the acquisition of library materials in all formats, as well as licensing of electronic resources She also serves as Government Documents Librarian, coordinating the library’s participation in the Federal Depository Library Program Her areas of subject specialization include Copyright, Criminology and Criminal Justice, Government Information, Law, Social Work, and Public Health Previously she worked as a law librarian and library director Heather Getsay holds a Master of Library and Information Science from the University of Pittsburgh and a Master of Science in Legal Studies, Law and Public Policy from California University of Pennsylvania 129 Index (EBSCOHost eBook Collection) 21 (Safari Books Online) 21 “Usage Reports” section 21 15 turnaways 43, 66, 84, 87 B BISAC subject categories 60, 72 Book Report 11-15, 17, 31-32, 34, 44, 46, 59, 63-64, 66, 68, 71, 87, 98-99, 101-102, 104 BR2 11-13, 17, 21, 30-35, 39-41, 43, 47, 51-52, 63, 74, 77-78, 88, 90, 96, 99 BR2, BR3 12, 21, 74, 77-78 C case study 1-3, 8, 20-25, 27, 29-32, 41, 4344, 53, 55-57, 59, 68, 82, 97, 99-106 Category Summary 58-59, 74, 78, 90 COUNTER 1-8, 10-18, 20-25, 27, 29-31, 34-35, 41, 46-48, 51-53, 55-56, 58-60, 63-64, 66, 68, 71-74, 76-78, 81-82, 84, 87-88, 90-92, 95-107 E e-book usage 1-2, 10, 15-16, 18, 24-25, 32, 52, 56-57, 74, 82, 99, 102, 106 e-book usage reports 1-2, 15-16 e-books 8, 10-13, 16, 18, 20-21, 24, 29-30, 32-35, 41, 44, 51, 56-58, 71, 74, 77, 84, 88, 91, 95, 98, 100, 102, 104-105 EBSCO 2, 8, 20-21, 23-25, 29, 31-35, 41, 43-44, 46, 52, 55-60, 66, 68, 72-73, 82, 84, 87-88, 90, 99-105 EBSCO’s single eBook 72 exact same categories 12 F fill gaps 60, 72, 106 L librarians 1-4, 7-8, 10-12, 14, 16-18, 24, 26-27, 32, 35, 41, 46, 52-53, 55, 58-59, 61-64, 66, 71-74, 77, 81, 88, 91-92, 97-99, 101, 103-104, 106-107 D M data 1-8, 10-12, 14-16, 20, 22-27, 29-33, 35, 39-41, 43, 47-48, 51-52, 55-64, 66, 68, 70-74, 76-78, 81-82, 84, 87-88, 90-92, 95-106 display format 78, 84, 92 medium-sized academic library 20-21 N non-COUNTER 2, 4, 8, 15, 20-23, 25-27, 29, 32, 55-63, 66, 68, 70-74, 76-78, 81-82, 84, 87-88, 90-92, 95-107 Index O T offer multiple types 98 Title Report (TR) 74 title requests 11, 32, 43, 68, 82, 84, 87-88, 91, 98 total numbers 24, 41, 59, 63, 78, 81-82, 84, 92, 101, 104 R Report 11, 14-15, 17, 34, 59, 63-64, 68, 71, 98-99, 101-102, 104, 106 S Safari 8, 15, 20-21, 23-27, 29, 31, 35, 39-41, 44, 46, 48, 51-53, 55-57, 59-62, 68, 71-73, 88, 90-92, 95, 99-105 Site Activity 23, 58-59, 74, 78 130 U usage reports 1-4, 6-8, 11-12, 14-16, 20-21, 27, 29-30, 33-34, 39, 43, 46, 48, 51, 53, 57, 61, 63, 66, 68, 72-73, 76-78, 82, 97-99, 101, 103, 106-107 ... author | Getsay, Heather, 1973- author Title: Measuring the validity of usage reports provided by e-book vendors : emerging research and opportunities / by Aiping Chen-Gaffey and Heather Getsay Description:.. .Measuring the Validity of Usage Reports Provided by E-Book Vendors: Emerging Research and Opportunities Aiping Chen-Gaffey Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania, USA Heather Getsay... standards and reports offered by a sample of vendors Preface STANDARDIZATION OF USAGE REPORTS Academic librarians face challenges with interpreting usage statistics provided by vendors Despite the