download solutions manual for 70 215 MCSE guide to microsoft windows 2000 server certification edition 2nd edition by palmer paul conan stewart and ray

Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky Chapter Planning for Server Hardware Objectives After reading this chapter and completing the exercises you will be able to:              Explain the hardware requirements for Windows 2000 Server Explain the importance of using Microsoft's hardware compatibility list   Determine specifications  for your server in terms of the right processor type, bus type, and advanced bus features Select the right network interface card (NIC) for your server   Calculate the amount of memory needed for your server  Plan disk capacity, disk architecture, and fault tolerance  Plan a backup system and CD-ROM specifications Teaching Tips System Requirements Discuss with your students the difference between minimum system requirements and setting server specifications that meet the actual requirements of a particular installation System requirements represent a starting point for specifications, but really provide information about what is minimally needed for a system in addition to what is needed for the actual software applications and data storage Discuss why even the minimum system requirements are very relative, particularly in relation to variables such as the actual hardware that is selected, the number of users, and the types of software applications For example, compare minimally configuring a server that will be used for a small eight-person office compared to minimally configuring a multimedia server that will house instructional applications Windows 2000 Server Compatibility As you introduce the HCL, provide some specific examples of hardware on the list For example, present representative topical areas (Audio, Display Adapter, etc.), on the HCL and give one or two examples per each area 21 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky Emphasize why consulting the HCL can be very important If you know of implementations in which users had problems because they did not consult the HCL, describe the problems to your students There are different philosophies about selecting brand-name equipment compared to using generic equipment or equipment that is custom built Discuss these philosophies in class, comparing issues such as:             Support  Troubleshooting  Cost  Compatibility  Warranty  Field service CPU Sizing Faster CPUs are developed all of the time Consider developing a timeline showing the evolution of CPUs from the 8086/8088 to the present Or ask your students to develop their own timelines Pentium Computers Explain the variety of Pentium computers that are viable for use as Windows 2000 servers Explain processor cache and why this is important Particularly stress L2 cache Describe your experiences with processors that have different levels of caching Research server benchmarks that relate to different levels of L2 caching and present your findings to the students For example, consult Network World's Net Fusion Web site for benchmarks Also, discuss how L2 cache influences performance for different types of applications:           Web site (requires more L2 cache)  File services (requires less L2 cache)   Multimedia services (requires more L2 cache)  Print services (requires less L2 cache)  Microsoft terminal services (requires more L2 cache) If you have different types of Pentium computers in your school's lab, create an experiment to show students first-hand the performance differences between the different Pentium computers Pentium Computers If your school has an SMP computer, provide students with a demonstration of its internals and of how it works 22 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky Develop a list of situations in which you personally would deploy an SMP computer and share your list and reasons with the students Clustering Computers If your school uses clustered computers, enable students to see a demonstration of these clustered servers in action If you have a copy of Windows 2000 Advanced Server or Datacenter, set up two or more servers in a clustered configuration for students to see Or demonstrate in front of the class how to set up clustered servers in Windows 2000 Bus Architectures Prepare a table for students that shows the advantages and disadvantages of the main bus architectures I2O Architecture Discuss with students examples of servers that use I20 architecture Describe situations in which you would use this architecture in a server Describe elements of mainframe I20 architecture that have been adapted for use in servers and elements that have not To give students perspective, discuss in general the elements of mainframe and minicomputers that have been implemented in Pentium computers, such as:               Clustering  Multiple processors  Disk farms  I20 architecture  Faster buses Disk fault tolerance, such as mirroring (also called shadowing)  Disk striping  Plug and Play For students who have not set up components in a computer with Plug and Play, give an in-class demonstration of how it works in Windows 2000, such as by connecting a new printer or pointing device Consider providing students with a background in why Plug and Play was not truly available in Windows NT 23 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky USB Demonstrate how to connect a new device, such as a printer or modem, through a USB port on a computer Discuss new computers (particularly workstations), such as models from Compaq, that primarily implement USB technology for easy setup Choosing NICs Show students examples of the different types of cable that are connected to NICs, particularly coax and twisted pair Provide students with a demonstration of different types of cable connectors and show them how to identify defective cable connections to a NIC Obtain several different NICs, from different manufacturers and for different types of cable, and pass these around in class for students to see Discuss how a slow NIC can become a bottleneck on an expensive server Compare the cost of replacing a NIC to the cost of the entire server, as a way to illustrate how inexpensively a NIC problem can be solved Memory Sizing Describe the types of memory that are available for server computers If you have examples of physical memory modules, pass these around for students to view Use an example of a server implementation with which you are familiar (or use an example from your school's IT department) and show students how to calculate the amount of memory that is appropriate for that example Or, ask your students to calculate in class the memory needed Quick Quiz Which is likely to be larger on a Pentium computer L1 or L2 cache? Answer: L2 cache What is the minimum memory requirement for a Windows 2000 server that has only four users? Answer: 64 MB memory keeps some memory in reserve to be used when a memory problem occurs 24 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky Answer: error checking and correcting (ECC) True or False: Windows Advanced Server and Datacenter support the shared disk model for clustering Answer: true True or False: For the sake of backward compatibility to Windows NT, Windows 2000 Server does not support Plug and Play Answer: false Disk Storage Emphasize the importance of considering how disk storage will be used when configuring a server Some considerations include:           The need for redundancy  The need for fast read access, fast write access, or both  The need for reliability  The value of the data that will be stored  Backup needs Disk Capacity Discuss disk capacity planning in terms of being an on-going process instead of a one-time process Explain how different organizations that you know plan disk capacity, such as by using planning documents – two-year and five-year plans, for example Have a representative from your school's IT department (or the IT department at a local business) discuss disk capacity planning with your students Make up and present in class two or three disk capacity scenarios and have your students participate in the capacity planning For example, one scenario might be for a lab server in a college and another might be for an accounting server in a medium-sized business Disk Contention For those students who have not seen disk controllers and SCSI adapters, provide an in-class demonstration of how they are set up in a computer Also, consider demonstrating all of the factors that go into a successful SCSI implementation: cable, devices, device numbering, terminator, etc Discuss with students why it is valuable to have multiple SCSI pathways for reducing contention between disk drives and between other SCSI devices, such as tape drives 25 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky Disk Storage Fault Tolerance To help emphasize the importance of disk storage fault tolerance, give students examples of organizations that have suffered losses because they did not have adequate fault tolerance Make sure that students know the difference between disk mirroring and disk duplexing Demonstrate each of the following in class by showing students different computers set up for: striping           Disk  Disk mirroring  Disk duplexing  RAID level Software RAID (as illustrated by any of the above)   Hardware RAID (such as disk mirroring, RAID-5, or a combination of these) Give students scenarios that illustrate when you would use each of the following:        RAID level RAID level RAID level    Provide an in-class demonstration of the general features of the MMC Disk Management snap-in Selecting Disk Storage Fault Tolerance As an in-class project, have students divide into groups Give each group the same scenario to plan disk fault tolerance Have each group report how they would address the scenario and then compare their solutions For example, the scenario might have the following elements:          You are planning a server that will store the vacation and sick leave data for an organization that has 5,200 full time employees and 2,223 part-time employees (who have sick leave benefits) All employees update their own information to show time off for illness and to request vacation  time All employees must have instant access to look up their own records  All managers and supervisors must have instant access to the records of employees that are under  them When an employee leaves the organization, she or he can convert unused vacation and sick leave time to a cash payment from the organization (thus this information has a significant potential cash value) Software RAID Compared to Hardware RAID Describe how hardware RAID works compared to software RAID 26 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky Compare for students the advantages and disadvantages of hardware RAID Backup Media Explain the different kinds of backup media that exist for servers, including the speed, capacity, and reliability of each Windows 2000 servers typically use quarter-inch cartridge cassette (QIC)/Travan, digital audio tape (DAT), or digital linear tape (DLT) backup Cassette backup systems at one time had the smallest storage capability, in the range of to GB New QIC standards and the development of the QIC-compatible Travan technology by the 3M Corporation has changed that At this writing, there are five Travan technologies that are applicable to tape backup for a server as shown in the table that follows Some Travan TR-5 tape drives have a data transfer rate of up to Mbps TR-3 and TR-4 drives operate in the Mbps range Travan Tape Backup Options Travan Level TR-1 TR-2 TR-3 TR-4 TR-5 Uncompressed Tape Capacity 400 MB 800 MB 1.6 GB GB 10 GB Compressed Tape Capacity 800 MB 1.6 GB 3.2 GB GB 20 GB Historically popular among network administrators is Digital Audio Tape (DAT) tape technology that stores data in the medium gigabyte range Many administrators have moved from the initial 4mm tape, which holds to 24 GB per tape, to the newer 8mm format, which holds to 40 GB DAT tape drives operate in the to Mbps range for data transfer Network administrators with high-capacity backup needs are also moving to the Digital Linear Tape (DLT) systems, which store data in the 10 to 40 GB+ range DLT tapes are more resistant to damage than DAT or QIC/Travan tapes and have a longer shelf life at up to 30 years Also, DLT systems write information to tape faster than QIC/Travan and DAT at Mbps for 28 GB drives and Mbps for 40 GB drives Choosing a CD-ROM Drive Discuss CD-ROM drive speeds and how these have dramatically increased in the last few years Also, explain the importance of having at least one CD-ROM drive in the server from which to quickly load the operating system and other software If your school has an example of a CD-ROM array, give students an in-class demonstration of how it works 27 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky Setting Up and Testing the Server If students will be practicing how to install server components, introduce them to the wrist grounding strap and show them why it is important Or, consider bringing a wrist grounding strap to class so that students can see it Discuss the value of fully testing the computer components prior to loading the Windows 2000 Server operating system Quick Quiz The speed of a disk is its _ Answer: disk access time True or False: When you use a SCSI adapter, individual disk drives not need a disk controller Answer: false Disk striping is the same as which RAID level? Answer: RAID level True or False: The main difference between software and hardware RAID is that you cannot hot swap a disk in hardware RAID Answer: false RAID level requires a minimum of _ disks Answer: Class Discussion Topics What are some problems that can result when you not consult the Microsoft HCL to configure a computer for a server? Which is more important when you configure a server, CPU speed or the amount of memory? Why might a 64-bit processor offer more flexibility than a 32-bit processor in a server? Discuss this issue as it relates to specific types of implementations Which would you rather have, a single 64-bit processor or a dual 32-bit processor server? Why? Under what circumstances might a Celeron processor be adequate for a Windows 2000 server? What are examples of situations in which an SMP computer would not be effective for improving server performance? 28 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky How you think the role of USB ports will grow in server computers? Why is USB so popular? What are some general guidelines that can help an organization plan for disk capacity on its Windows 2000 servers? Assume you are planning a server that will host Web access to bank customers The customers will be transacting business on the server, such as transferring money, viewing account balances, applying for loans, and so on Given this general context, which kind of disk access is likely to be needed, SCSI or Fibre Channel? Why? 10 List situations in which you would employ RAID level 0, RAID level 1, and RAID level In your opinion, which RAID level is most versatile for different kinds of situations? 11 On what kind of server would planning backup hardware be unnecessary? Additional Projects Have students prepare a timeline to show the development of 8086/8088 computers to the present Or simply have them show the evolution of Pentium computers Ask students to research CPU benchmarks for a server dedicated to multimedia applications and create a list of the CPUs that work best for this type of implementation Have students find two or three examples of manufacturers who make SMP computers and present details about the architecture of these computers Also, have students determine for what types of situations these manufacturers recommend their SMP computers Ask students to use the Internet to research typical server computers made by at least two manufacturers such as Compaq, Dell, Gateway, HP, IBM, and others For their research, have students focus on determining the typical configuration of expansion slots, buses, and ports in those computers Create a lab project that enables students to practice setting up a printer or another type of peripheral using Plug and Play and a USB port Provide students with two scenarios and have them calculate the memory needed for each one For example, one scenario might be a small server for 22 users who have an average use of MB; another might be for a server that has 452 users (average use is also MB), which functions as a DHCP server with TCP/IP and SNMP services Create a lab project in which students can practice installing a SCSI adapter and multiple disk drives in a computer running Windows 2000 Server 29 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky If you have access to hardware RAID, prepare a lab in which students practice setting up hardware RAID and then practice setting up software RAID Have them compare the differences in setting up the two kinds of RAID Have students obtain pricing information for components used in disk mirroring and in RAID-5 Next, give them a disk capacity figure, such as 32 GB, and have students determine the cost of using disk mirroring versus the cost of using RAID-5 to store this much data Further Readings Microsoft Corporation "Chapter – Planning Your Windows 2000 Server Installation." Windows 2000 Corporate Preview Guide November, 1999 Dean Porter “Fibre Channel, SCSI, and You.” Windows NT Magazine September, 1997 Marc Songini “IBM Adds Muscle to Storage Network Line,” Network World, March 20, 2000 Steven Wilson and the Storage Networking Industry Association Managing a Fibre Channel Storage Area Network November 20, 1998 (Also see other white papers available at the SNIA Web site, www.snia.org.) Unisys Unisys e-@ction Solutions for Windows 2000 February 17, 2000 (Provides information about the new Unisys SMP servers that support up to 32 processors.) Technical Notes for the Hands-on Projects The lab setup for the Chapter hands-on projects includes the following elements (see the table):    In most assignments it is desirable to have a computer running Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server, or  Datacenter For many of these assignments students will need user accounts that have administrator privileges HANDS-ON PROJECT NETWORK/ INTERNET CONNECTIVITY REQUIRED WORKSTATION OR SERVER OPERATING SYSTEMS REQUIRED  OTHER RESOURCES REQUIRED 30 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky 2-1: View the HCL None 2-2: View hardware components via Windows 2000 2-3: Check Plug and Play in a computer's BIOS 2-4: Find the NIC driver location None 2-5: View the NIC properties and capabilities 2-6: Obtain a NIC driver None 2-7: Determine the memory used by IIS None None None Internet Windows 2000 Professional or Server (or any Windows operating system that can access a CDROM drive) Windows 2000 Server or Professional (Server is preferred) N/A Windows 2000 Server CD-ROM Windows 2000 Server or Professional (Server is preferred) Windows 2000 Server or Professional (Server is preferred) Windows 2000 Server or Professional Windows 2000 Server Computer with an installed NIC N/A Instructions on how to access the specific computer's BIOS setup Computer with an installed NIC N/A IIS already installed in Windows 2000 Server Answers to the Chapter Review Questions You are planning a server for a company that wants to implement hard disk fault tolerance The company is not worried about expense, but does want a server that has very good read and write performance Which of the following would you implement? Answer: b hardware RAID level Which type of NIC is likely to provide the fastest performance? Answer: a PCI Your assistant is installing a NIC in a Windows 2000 Server that is connected to a full duplex switch port How should the NIC be set up? Answer: d for full-duplex communications Which of the following are features of a USB port on a computer running Windows 2000 Server? Answer: e only a and b Which type of SCSI interface is fastest? Answer: c Ultra2 SCSI 31 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky You have installed a SCSI adapter and connected three hard drives to it When you start the computer, it does not recognize any of the hard drives Which of the following might you to troubleshoot? Answer: f only a and c Which type of adapter reduces reliance on the CPU for I/O processing? mastering Answer: b bus You are looking at disk drive and adapter specifications because you want to ensure fast access to data Which of the following is most important, when you consider the types of equipment on the market today? Answer: c data transfer rate You have a small Windows 2000 Server implementation in which you need 2.2 GB of space for data, and there are two 5-GB disk drives already installed Which of the following would be your best bet in terms of providing protection for your data and the operating system files? Answer: b disk mirroring 10 You need to perform a nightly backup of a server that holds 72 GB of data Which removable medium is your best choice? Answer: c tape 11 Which of the following is compatible with 32-bit and 64-bit bus architecture? Answer: c PCI 12 You are setting up two clustered servers so that each has equal access to disk storage Which model is this? Answer: a shared disk 13 What is the minimum amount of hard disk space necessary to install Windows 2000 Server on an Intel-based computer? Answer: a 685 MB 14 You are working on specifications for memory for your server Your boss, who is very conscious of the budget, says you only need memory for the operating system Is he right? As you consider the options, keep in mind that there will be 45 users of the server, which will be set up for TCP/IP and DNS services Answer: c No, you need memory for the operating system, users who access the server, and services such as DNS 15 Which of the following are characteristics of Fibre Channel? Answer: e only a and b 16 Which of the following gives you protection against a hard drive adapter failure? Answer: d duplexing 32 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky 17 Your server seems to be experiencing memory errors that will not self correct One problem is that it might not have what type of memory? Answer: c ECC 18 One difference between Windows 2000 Server and Windows 2000 Professional is that: Answer: a Windows 2000 Professional does not support disk fault tolerance 19 Which processor does not use Level caching? Answer: d Celeron 20 You are working with your boss to develop specifications for a server and she asks how much disk space is actually available for data in RAID level when there are four disks Which of the following is the appropriate answer? Answer: b 75% 21 Your community college is working to replace a Pentium 233-MHz Web server because it is extremely slow and its use is growing geometrically Which of the following would give you the best performance in terms of processor caching? Answer: d Pentium III Xeon 22 You have set up RAID via SCSI connectivity on your server In the middle of the afternoon, the server diagnostic lights show that two drives have failed What is your most likely recourse? Answer: c Perform a restore from your most recent tape backup 23 What is the minimum CD-ROM drive that can be used with Windows 2000 Server? Answer: d 12X 24 Your boss has found a bargain in a Pentium II computer for a server What step(s) is (are) most important in making certain that you can install Windows 2000 Server on it? Answer: e only a and b 25 Which of the following differentiates hardware RAID from software RAID? Hardware RAID is usually more expensive Answer: a Hands-On Projects Tips for Chapter Project 2-1 When students open the HCL they will see a large variety of hardware components and manufacturers, starting with audio components and ending with USB hubs Some examples of display manufacturers on the list are as follows:           Compaq Dell   Delta  EIZO  Gateway 33 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky                    Hewlett-Packard   Hitachi  IBM  Mitsubishi  Nokia  Philips  Proview Electronics  Samsung  Sony  TECO Examples of pointing device manufacturers include:                                Acer  ALPS   Behavior Tech Computer Corp  Clevo  Compaq  Fujitsu Takamisawa Component Ltd  Gateway  Hewlett-Packard  IBM  Logitech OEM  Micron  Microsoft  NEC  Solid Year  Toshiba  Winbook Corporation A sampling of the USB controller manufacturers on the list is as follows:                    Acer   Compaq  Entrega  Intel  Lucent Technology  National Semiconductor  NEC  OPTi  Silicon Integrated Systems  Symbois Logic Project 2-2 34 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky Students are likely to find a PCI bus, unless the computer is an older model Other bus types that students may see include ISA, EISA, and USB Students will see information about whether the processor is a Pentium, Pentium II, Pentium III, or some other type of processor The tape drive will be distinguishable via a tape drive icon, such as a Seagate tape drive If there is no tape drive, students should report this as a finding Project 2-3 You may need to tell students how to access the BIOS or tell them how to find out, such as by watching for a message in the boot sequence Have students record the key sequence that they used to enter the BIOS setup Once they are in, make sure students explain on what menu or screen they found the Plug and Play information Project 2-4 As an added step in the assignment or for extra credit, you might ask students to report on an alternate way to access the Device Manager (as an MMC snap-in, for example) Also, consider having students report the manufacturer and type of NIC that is installed in the computer they use for this assignment Once they find the driver, students should report that it is in the path: \WINNT\System32\DRIVERS and the driver will have a sys extension For example, the driver for a 3COM EtherLink XL 10/100 PCI TX NIC is: \WINNT\System32\DRIVERS\el90xbc5sys Project 2-5 The duplex mode (depending on the type of hub or switch used to connect computers) most likely will be half duplex, but may be full duplex On most modern NICs the media type is automatically set through an option, such as Auto Select However, it may be set manually at 10BaseTx, for example Some other properties that students might examine include:           802.1p Support  Network address Network driver optimization  Boot prom  And other settings specific to the manufacturer and NIC  Project 2-6 An alternative site to obtain a NIC driver is www.intel.com, if you prefer to have students use another site When they access the site and locate the drivers, students should find drivers for all types of NICs made by the vendor Usually downloading the driver is as easy as clicking on the driver selection and directing the download to a specific folder Drivers are often zipped or compressed to make the download process go faster 35 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky Project 2-7 Students will find that the amount of memory used by IIssrv.exe is about 3,216 KB, but will vary depending on what IIS features are installed For mstask.exe the memory usage is about 1,832 KB Case Projects Discussion Case Assignment The questions will be targeted to help determine key server elements that will need to be sized, which include the processor(s), memory, NIC, disk storage, and tape storage The following are examples of questions that might be asked:                            How many members are in each of the three departments at each location? Will there be other departments or groups that will access software on the servers, such  as managers, board of director members, and other executive officers of the company? What is the speed of each LAN and of the WAN in between? What media types are used on the LANs and WANs  (for NIC connectivity)? Will the servers be connected to 10 or 100 Mbps network hookups? How many users are likely to be on any one computer simultaneously? How much disk space is required for the application software?    By how much is the database expected to grow each month, every six months, and every year? How many reports are likely to be generated each day on each server that is used for this purpose? How large is the largest report? What is the approximate size of an average report? How  many reports are likely to be generated simultaneously? Will the database updates to the two reporting databases include the entire database or only information that has  changed? If it is only information that has changed, how large is that update on a typical day? How often they anticipate backing up data?   Which servers are most critical to have working all of the time? How important is fast  response for each type of use, such as customer service access compared to generating reports? What is the anticipated growth in users over the next six months, one year, and two years?  Will any other software  applications be installed on any of these computers – and if so, what is the estimated disk space required? Will users be allowed to store information on any of the servers – and if so, how much disk space should be allocated for each user? Will there need to be remote access to the servers, such as via telephone lines?  Case Assignment Several steps can be taken to enable fast access First is to make sure that all of the servers are outfitted with plenty of RAM RAM is an inexpensive way to assure fast server response and many server administrators pack their servers with extra memory as a way to obtain good performance Another 36 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky way to assure faster response is to spec each server with a fast CPU, such as a Pentium III The servers that house the databases and that are used to generate reports can be sized as dual-processor SMP servers The company might start with one processor and later upgrade to use a second processor or (if they have the budget) start with two processors The two servers used to create reports and for customer server information are the best candidates to be ordered as dual processor SMP computers or as Xeon computers and to have 512 KB to MB of L2 caching The main database server might be a Xeon computer, too, depending on the anticipated load from users Also, equip all server computers with PCI NICs and so that each is connected to the network on its own 100 Mbps link Further, set up disk access to the master database server and the two reporting servers so there are two adapters as a way to divide data access among two data paths Finally, attach any tape system to its own separate adapter so that tape access does not impact the main access to data Case Assignment Moose Jaw Outfitters can use two kinds of disk storage fault tolerance that will be appropriate in this situation: RAID level and RAID level For example, the two servers used for applications at each site are likely to require less disk space and might be equipped with RAID (mirroring or duplexing) and the other servers, which likely use more disk space, might be equipped with RAID level If RAID level is selected, then Moose Jaw Outfitters should consider using duplexing for even more fault tolerance If RAID level is selected, additional fault tolerance can be built in by using hardware RAID and dividing the RAID between two SCSI RAID adapters that are equipped with battery backup Note that if software RAID level is selected, those servers will still need to have the boot and system files on a separate non-RAID level disk, or more ideally on two mirrored or duplexed volumes that are about GB in size Case Assignment Tape is likely to be the best removable medium to use for server backups Because of network traffic concerns, the first recommendation is to install at least one tape drive in a server at each site, such as the two servers used for software applications The tape drives should be installed on their own SCSI adapters without attaching disk storage to the same adapters Also, because people use the network 24hours a day, the company might consider installing a tape drive in the main database server, and perhaps additional tape drives in the servers used for reporting Reducing or eliminating the need to back up one server via another that has a tape drive will reduce the amount of extra network traffic that would result from transporting files over the network Case Assignment The Web server, because it is an important source of business should be well outfitted with at least a Pentium III processor, sufficient memory, SCSI disk access, and tape backup capability L2 caching is particularly important for a Web server and should be 512 KB to MB or more Because this server is so important and its response time translates into dollars, the company should consider purchasing a Xeon computer 37 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky Case Assignment The Business Department server might initially be a Pentium III processor and have two 20 GB drives that are mirrored If growth in the use of this server is anticipated, the department should spec a server that can be upgraded to have more RAM and additional disk storage Case Assignment The backups of this server might be performed using one large tape system, such as a 20 GB to 40 GB tape drive Another option is to back up the server once a month from one of the other servers on the network that has a tape drive and to perform nightly backups onto a Zip or Jaz drive of only files that have changed Optional Case Assignments for Teams Team Case One Students should research hardware RAID options that include combinations of chip sets, hard disks, SCSI and Fibre channel adapters, and adapters that offer redundancy, such as battery backup The systems will also involve more than one channel to which to connect disk drives, such as dividing three drives on one channel and three on another Other options include the ability to hot-swap drives, to configure RAID using software that runs in Windows NT/2000, and the ability to create drive mixes that involve mirroring and RAID-5 (such as creating two mirrored drives and five RAID-5 drives in the same hardware unit) Team Case Two At this writing, the fastest Web server via tests performed by Network World, is a HewlettPackard Xeon computer Key Terms bus – A pathway in a computer used to transmit information This pathway is used to send CPU instructions and other data to transfer within the computer bus mastering – A process that reduces the reliance on the CPU for input/output activities on a computer’s bus Interface cards that have bus mastering can take control of the bus for faster data flow clock speed – Rate at which the CPU sends bursts of data through a computer’s buses data transfer rate – Speed at which data moves through the disk controller along the data channel to a disk drive 38 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky disk access time – Amount of time it takes for a disk drive to read or write data by moving a read/write head to the location of the data disk duplexing – A fault tolerance method similar to disk mirroring in that it prevents data loss by duplicating data from a main disk to a backup disk; but disk duplexing places the backup disk on a different controller or adapter than is used by the main disk disk mirroring – A fault tolerance method that prevents data loss by duplicating data from a main disk to a backup disk Some operating systems also refer to this as disk shadowing Enhanced Small Device Interface (ESDI) – An early device interface for computer peripherals and hard disk drives error checking and correcting memory (ECC) – Memory that can correct some types of memory problems without causing computer operations to halt Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) – A computer bus design that incorporates 32-bit communications within a computer It is an industry standard used by several computer manufacturers Fibre Channel – A high-speed method for connecting computer peripherals, such as disk drives, to servers and other host computers through copper and fiber-optic cable Current implementations of Fibre Channel in Windows 2000 servers provide data transfer rates of up to Gbps firmware – Software that is stored on a chip in a device, such as in a ROM, and that is used to control basic functions of the device such as communications with a disk drive full duplex – The capacity to send and receive signals at the same time half duplex – The ability to send or receive signals, but not simultaneously hardware compatibility list (HCL) – A list of computer hardware tested by Microsoft and determined to be compatible with Windows 2000 Server Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) – An older expansion bus design dating back to the 1980s, supporting 8-bit and 16-bit cards and with a data transfer rate of MB per second Integrated Device Electronics (IDE)– An inexpensive hard disk interface that is used on Intelbased computers from the 80286 to Pentium computers intelligent input/output (I2O) – A computer communications architecture that removes some of the I/O processing activities from the main processor to I2O processors on peripherals designed for I 2O architectures, such as hard disks I2O devices use one general device driver for all I2O-compliant devices MicroChannel Architecture (MCA) – A bus architecture that is used in older IBM Intelbased computers It provides 32-bit communications within the computer network interface card (NIC) – An adapter board designed to connect a workstation, server, or other network equipment to a network medium Peripheral Computer Interface (PCI) – A computer bus design that supports 32-bit and 64-bit bus communications for high-speed operations Plug and Play (PnP) – Ability of added computer hardware, such as an adapter or modem, to identify itself to the computer operating system for installation processor cache – A special data storage area used only by the system processor and located on either the processor chip or a chip separate from the processor redundant array of inexpensive (or independent) disks (RAID) – A set of standards to extended the life of hard disk drives and to prevent data loss from a hard disk failure shared disk model – Linking two or more servers to operate as one and to equally share resources that include disk, CD-ROM, and tape storage shared nothing model – Linking two or more servers to operate as one, but each owns particular disk, CDROM, and tape resources Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) – A 32- or 64-bit computer adapter that transports data between one or more attached devices, such as hard disks, and the computer There are several types of 39 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky SCSI adapters, including SCSI, SCSI-2, SCSI-3, SCSI wide, SCSI narrow, wide Ultra SCSI, and Ultra2 SCSI All are used to provide high-speed data transfer to reduce bottlenecks within the computer striping – A data storage method that breaks up data files across all volumes of a disk set to minimize wear on a single volume symmetric multiprocessor (SMP) – A type of computer with two or more CPUs that share the processing load Universal Serial Bus (USB) – A bus standard that enables you to attach all types of devices – keyboards, cameras, pointing devices, telephones, and tape drives, for example – to one bus port on a computer Up to 127 devices can be attached to one port and it is not necessary to power off the computer when you attach a device USB was developed to replace the traditional serial and parallel bus technologies on computers Chapter 2: Planning for Server Hardware Students will need to have the following set up in the lab for the Chapter Hands-on Projects: Computer running Windows 2000 Server or Windows 2000 Professional and that has an installed NIC (Although students can use Windows 2000 Professional for all assignments except Hands-on Project 2-7, which requires Windows 2000 Server, it is desirable to have a computer running Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server, or Datacenter for all of the assignments.) Access using an account that has Administrator privileges Windows 2000 Server CD-ROM (or put the HCL in a shared folder and tell students how to access it) Instructions about how to access the BIOS setup on lab computers IIS installed on a computer running Windows 2000 Server (or higher) The project-by-project requirements are provided in the following table HANDS-ON PROJECT NETWORK/ INTERNET CONNECTIVITY REQUIRED WORKSTATION OR SERVER OPERATING SYSTEMS REQUIRED OTHER RESOURCES REQUIRED 2-1: View the HCL None Windows 2000 Professional or Server (or any Windows operating system that can access a CD-ROM drive) Windows 2000 Server CD-ROM (note that another way to this assignment is to have students find the Windows 2000 Server HCL on Microsoft's Internet site at www.microsoft.com) 2-2: View hardware components via Windows 2000 None Windows 2000 Server or Professional (Server is preferred) N/A 2-3: Check Plug and Play in a computer's BIOS None N/A Instructions on how to access the specific computer's BIOS setup 2-4: Find the NIC driver location None Windows 2000 Server or Professional (Server is preferred) Computer with an installed NIC 2-5: View the NIC properties and capabilities None Windows 2000 Server or Professional 40 Solutions Manual for 70 215 MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Certification Edition 2nd edition by Michael Palmer, Paul Kammerling, Conan Kezema, James Michael Stewart and Ray Marky (Server is preferred) Computer with an installed NIC 2-6: Obtain a NIC driver Internet Windows 2000 Server or Professional N/A 2-7: Determine the memory used by IIS None Windows 2000 Server IIS already installed in Windows 2000 Server Additional lab-based projects that you might create for students are: Ask students to use the Internet to research typical server computers made by at least two manufacturers such as Compaq, Dell, Gateway, HP, IBM, and others For their research, have students focus on determining the typical configuration of expansion slots, buses, and ports in those computers Create a lab project that enables students to practice setting up a printer or another type of peripheral using Plug and Play and a USB port Create a lab project in which students can practice installing a SCSI adapter and multiple disk drives in a computer running Windows 2000 Server If you have access to hardware RAID, prepare a lab in which students practice setting up hardware RAID and then practice setting up software RAID Have them compare the differences in setting up the two kinds of RAID 41