Download test bank for introduction to general organic and biochemistry 11th edition by bettelheim

Test Bank for Introduction to General Organic and Biochemistry 11th Edition by Bettelheim Sample Chapter 05 Which of the following is most important in determining if a material will be a solid, a liquid or a gas? a covalent bonds b intermolecular forces c intramolecular forces d nuclear forces ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.1 – WHAT ARE THE THREE STATES OF MATTER? Which of the following increases as temperature increases? a kinetic energy b nuclear forces c potential energy d none of these ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.1 – WHAT ARE THE THREE STATES OF MATTER? In which state of matter are the attractive forces between molecules the weakest? a solid b liquid c gaseous d None, the attractive forces are the same in all of them ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.1 – WHAT ARE THE THREE STATES OF MATTER? Which of the following is true of the types attractive forces present in the three states of matter? a They are different in each of the three states b They are the same in each of the three states c They are the same in gases and liquids, but different in solids d They are the same in liquids and solids, but different in gases ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.1 – WHAT ARE THE THREE STATES OF MATTER? Which physical state of matter could be represented by the following model? a solid b liquid c gas ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.1 – WHAT ARE THE THREE STATES OF MATTER? If the change from A to B as represented by the models given below occurred, A B which of the following is correct? a The velocity of the particles increases b The strength of the intermolecular forces increases c The kinetic energy of the particles decreases d both b and c ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.1 – WHAT ARE THE THREE STATES OF MATTER? Consider a substance as represented by the following models The temperature of the substance is decreased to a very low value A B C Which of the following models would best represent this substance at the lowered temperature? a A b B c C ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.1 – WHAT ARE THE THREE STATES OF MATTER? Consider a substance as represented by the following models A BC When sugar is heated it forms a mass called caramel Based on this information sugar does not normally exist as shown in which model? a A b B c C d either A or C ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.1 – WHAT ARE THE THREE STATES OF MATTER? Consider the following diagram The liquid in the apparatus is mercury If the pressure of the gas sample on arm B is 1.0 atm, what will be the difference in the heights of the mercury column in arms A and B? This difference is represented in the diagram by the variable h? a 1.0 mm Hg b 760 mm Hg c 760 atm d It will be equal to the current atmospheric pressure ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.2 – WHAT IS GAS PRESSURE AND HOW DO WE MEASURE IT? 10 Air pressure can be expressed in which of the following units? a atmospheres b millimeters of Hg c torr d any of these ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.2 – WHAT IS GAS PRESSURE AND HOW DO WE MEASURE IT? 11 Which of the following is a unit of pressure? a mm of Hg b pascals c torr d They are all units of pressure ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.2 – WHAT IS GAS PRESSURE AND HOW DO WE MEASURE IT? 12 Which of the following instruments is used to measure the pressure of a gas sample? a an altimeter b a barometer c a manometer d an odometer ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.2 – WHAT IS GAS PRESSURE AND HOW DO WE MEASURE IT? 13 Which of the following instruments is used to measure atmospheric pressure? a an altimeter b a barometer c a manometer d an odometer ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.2 – WHAT IS GAS PRESSURE AND HOW DO WE MEASURE IT? 14 Which of the following exerts the greatest pressure? a a 20 gram object on a surface of 0.50 cm2 b a 40 gram object on a surface of 2.0 cm2 c a 60 gram object on a surface of 3.0 cm2 d None, they all exert the same pressure ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.2 – WHAT IS GAS PRESSURE AND HOW DO WE MEASURE IT? 15 Which of the following exerts the greatest pressure? a a 40 gram object on a surface of 2.0 cm2 b a 60 gram object on a surface of 3.0 cm2 c a 80 gram object on a surface of 4.0 cm2 d None, they all exert the same pressure ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.2 – WHAT IS GAS PRESSURE AND HOW DO WE MEASURE IT? 16 Which law relates the volume and pressure of a gas under conditions of constant temperature? a Avogadro’s law b Boyle’s law c Charles’s law d Dalton’s law ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 17 Which law relates the volume and temperature of a gas under conditions of constant pressure? a Avogadro’s law b Boyle’s law c Charles’s law d Dalton’s law ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 18 Which law relates the pressure and temperature of a gas under conditions of constant volume? a Boyle’s law b Charles’s law c Dalton’s law d Gay-Lussac’s law ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 19 Which gas law is most directly related to the process of inhaling and exhaling? a Avogadro’s law b Boyle’s law c Charles’s law d Dalton’s law ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 20 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of Boyle’s Law? a P1V2 = P2V1 b P1V1 = P2V2 c P1/T2 = P2/T1 d P1/T1 = P2/T2 ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 21 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of Boyle’s Law? a P1/V2 = P2/V1 b P1/V1 = P2/V2 c P1/T2 = P2/T1 d P1/T1 = P2/T2 ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 22 What temperature scale should be used if we wish to express Charles’s Law as a simple direct proportionality? a Fahrenheit b Celsius c Kelvin d It makes no difference ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 23 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of Charles’s Law? a P1/V2 = P2/V1 b P1/V1 = P2/V2 c V1/T2 = V2/T1 d V1/T1 = V2/T2 ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 24 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of Charles’s Law? a P1V2 = P2V1 b P1V1 = P2V2 c V1T2 = V2T1 d V1T1 = V2T2 ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 25 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of Gay-Lussac’s Law? a P1/V2 = P2/V1 b P1/V1 = P2/V2 c P1/T2 = P2/T1 d P1/T1 = P2/T2 ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 26 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of Gay-Lussac’s Law? a P1V2 = P2V1 b P1V1 = P2V2 c P1T2 = P2T1 d P1T1 = P2T2 ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 27 At constant temperature the pressure on a 6.0 L sample of gas is increased from 1.0 atm to 2.0 atm What is the new volume of the gas sample? a 0.33 L b 0.67 K c 1.5 L d 3.0 L ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 28 At constant temperature the pressure on a 6.0 L sample of a gas is reduced from 2.0 atm to 1.0 atm What is the new volume of the gas sample? a 0.083 L b 0.33 L c 3.0 L d 12 L ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 29 At constant temperature the pressure on a 10.0 L sample of gas is changed from 1.00 atm to 1140 torr What is the new volume of the gas sample? a 0.00877 L b 6.67 L c 15.0 L d 114 L ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 30 At constant temperature the pressure on a 10.0 L sample of gas is changed from 1140 torr to 1.00 atm What is the new volume of the gas sample? a 0.00877 L b 6.67 L c 15.0 L d 114 L ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 31 At constant pressure the temperature of a 4.00 L sample of gas is increased from 300 K to 400 K What is the new volume of the gas sample? a 0.188 L b 0.300 L c 3.33 L d 5.33 L ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 32 At constant pressure the temperature of a 4.00 L sample of gas is decreased from 400 K to 300 K What is the new volume of the gas sample? a 0.188 L b 0.333 L c 3.00 L d 5.33 L ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 33 At constant pressure the temperature of a 4.00 L sample of gas is increased from 25 °C to 50.°C What is the new volume of the gas sample? a 2.00 L b 3.69 L c 4.34 L d 8.00 L ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 34 At constant pressure the temperature of a 4.0 L sample of gas is decreased from 50 °C to 25 °C What is the new volume of the gas sample? a 2.00 L b 3.69 L c 4.34 L d 8.00 L ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 35 The combined gas law combines which gas laws? a Boyle’s and Charles’s b Charles’s and Gay-Lussac’s c Boyle’s and Gay-Lussac’s d Boyle’s, Charles’s and Gay-Lussac’s ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 36 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of the combined gas law? a P1V2/T1 = P2V1/T2 b P1V2/T2 = P2V1/T1 c P1V1/T2 = P2V2/T1 d P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 37 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of the combined gas law? a P1V2T1 = P2V1T2 b P1V2T2 = P2V1T1 c P1V1T2 = P2V2T1 d P1V1T1 = P2V2T2 ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 38 Suppose a balloon is filled so that its volume is 2.00 L when the pressure is 750 torr and the temperature is 24°C What volume will it occupy if it rises to an elevation where the pressure is 375 torr and the temperature is 12°C? a 0.261 L b 0.500 L c 2.00 L d 3.84 L ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 39 Suppose a balloon is filled so that its volume is 2.00 L when the pressure is 1.10 atm and the temperature is 300 K What volume will it occupy if it rises to an elevation where the pressure is 418 mm Hg and the temperature is 200 K? a 3.30 L b 2.67 L c 0.375 L d 0.303 L ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 40 Which of the following will occur if the temperature of a gas is increased from 20°C to 40°C at constant pressure? a The volume will double b The volume will be halved c The volume will decrease slightly d The volume will increase slightly ANSWER: POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 41 Which of the following will occur if the temperature of a gas is increased from K to 40 K at constant pressure? a The volume will double b The volume will be halved c The volume will decrease slightly d The volume will increase slightly ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 42 Which of the following will occur if the temperature of a gas is decreased from 60°C to 30°C at constant pressure? a The volume will double b The volume will be halved c The volume will decrease slightly d The volume will increase slightly ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 43 Which of the following will occur if the temperature of a gas is decreased from 60 K to 30 K at constant pressure? a The volume will double b The volume will be halved c The volume will decrease slightly d The volume will increase slightly ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 44 A gas is expanded from an initial volume of 20.5 L at 0.92 atm at 23 °C to a final volume of 34.6 L During the expansion the gas cools to 12 °C What is the final pressure? a 0.28 atm b 0.52 atm c 0.57 atm d 1.9 atm ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 45 A student obtained experimental data and plotted it graphically, but forgot to label the axes of the graph How should the axes of the graph shown here be labeled? a the x-axis is the T and the y-axis is V b the x-axis is the T and the y-axis is P c the x-axis is the P and the y-axis is V d the x-axis is the P and the y-axis is T ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES? 46 Which law relates the volume and number of molecules of a gas under conditions of constant temperature and pressure? a Avogadro’s law b Boyle’s law c Charles’s law d Dalton’s law ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.4 – WHAT ARE AVOGADRO’S LAW AND THE IDEAL GAS LAW? 47 A sample of carbon dioxide occupies 22.4 L at STP Which of the following statements apply to the sample? a The sample contains 6.02 × 1023 atoms b The sample contains 6.02 × 1023 atoms of oxygen c The sample contains 6.02 × 1023 molecules d None of the above is correct ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.4 – WHAT ARE AVOGADRO’S LAW AND THE IDEAL GAS LAW? 48 A sample of carbon dioxide occupies 22.4 L at STP Which of the following statements apply to the sample? a The sample contains 6.02 × 1023 carbon atoms b The sample contains 6.02 × 1023 molecules c Both a and b are correct d Neither a nor b is correct ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.4 – WHAT ARE AVOGADRO’S LAW AND THE IDEAL GAS LAW? 49 A student has equal-volume samples of three gases All the gases are at the same temperature and pressure If the three gases are O2, CO2, NH3, which sample contains the largest number of molecules? a O2 b CO2 c NH3 d None, they all contain the same number of molecules ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.4 – WHAT ARE AVOGADRO’S LAW AND THE IDEAL GAS LAW? 50 A student has equal-volume samples of three gases All the gases are at the same temperature and pressure If the three gases are O2, CO2, NH3, which sample contains the largest number of atoms? a O2 b CO2 c NH3 d None, they all contain the same number of atoms ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.5 – WHAT IS DALTON’S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURES? 63 Which law applies only to mixtures of gases? a Avogadro’s law b Boyle’s law c Charles’s law d Dalton’s law ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.5 – WHAT IS DALTON’S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURES? 64 A closed flask contains a 0.25 moles of O2 which exerts a pressure of 0.50 atm If 0.75 moles of CO2 is added to the container what is the pressure of oxygen? a 0.50 atm b 1.0 atm c 1.5 atm d 2.0 atm ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.5 – WHAT IS DALTON’S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURES? 65 A closed flask contains a 0.25 moles of O2 which exerts a pressure of 0.50 atm If 0.75 moles of CO2 is added to the container what is the total pressure in the flask? a 0.50 atm b 1.0 atm c 1.5 atm d 2.0 atm ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.5 – WHAT IS DALTON’S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURES? 66 Dry air is 78.08% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen and 0.93% argon with the 0.04% being other gases If the atmospheric pressure is 760.0 torr, what is the partial pressure of nitrogen in dry air? a 78.08 torr b 166.6 torr c 593.4 torr d 760.0 torr ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.5 – WHAT IS DALTON’S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURES? 67 Dry air is 78.08% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen and 0.93% argon with the 0.04% being other gases If the atmospheric pressure is 760.0 torr, what is the partial pressure of oxygen in dry air? a 20.95 torr b 159.2 torr c 600.8 torr d 760.0 torr ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.5 – WHAT IS DALTON’S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURES? 68 A vessel under 2.015 atm pressure contains nitrogen, N2, and water vapor, H2O The partial pressure of N2 is 1.908 atm What is the partial pressure of the water vapor? a 0.107 atm b 1.908 atm c 2.015 atm d 3.923 atm ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.5 – WHAT IS DALTON’S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURES? 69 According to the kinetic molecular theory, which of the following is not true? a The average kinetic energy of gas particles is proportional to the Celsius temperature b Gas molecules are assumed to have no volume c Gas pressure is caused by collisions between gas molecules and the container walls d None, all of the above are true ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.6 – WHAT IS THE KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY? 70 According to the kinetic molecular theory, which of the following is not true? a The average kinetic energy of gas particles is proportional to the Kelvin temperature b Gas molecules are assumed to have no volume c Gas pressure is caused by collisions between gas molecules and the container walls d None, all of the above are true ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.6 – WHAT IS THE KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY? 71 According to the kinetic molecular theory, which of the following is not true? a Gas molecules are assumed to have no volume b Gas pressure is caused by collisions between gas molecules and the container walls c When gas molecules collide energy is lost d None, all of the above are true ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.6 – WHAT IS THE KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY? 72 According to the kinetic molecular theory, which of the following is not true? a Gas molecules are assumed to have no volume b Gas pressure is caused by collisions between gas molecules and the container walls c When gas molecules collide they stick together d None, all of the above are true ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.6 – WHAT IS THE KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY? 73 Which of the following is the strongest intermolecular interaction? a covalent bonding b dipole-dipole interactions c London dispersion forces d hydrogen bonding ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 74 For small molecules, which of the following usually is the weakest intermolecular interaction? a covalent bonding b dipole-dipole interactions c London dispersion forces d hydrogen bonding ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 75 Which of the following have an effect on the strength of London dispersion forces? a the number of electrons b size c shape d all of them ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 76 Which of the following is true of London dispersion forces? a They decrease as the number of electrons in a molecule increases b They are only present in some molecules c Both a and b are correct d Neither a nor b is correct ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 77 Which of the following is true of London dispersion forces? a They increase as the number of electrons in a molecule increases b They are only present in some molecules c Both a and b are correct d Neither a nor b is correct ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 78 Which type of intermolecular attraction exists for all molecules? a covalent bonding b dipole-dipole interactions c London dispersion forces d hydrogen bonding ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 79 Which of the following is necessary for a molecule engage in hydrogen bonding? a A hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to a nitrogen atom b A hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to an oxygen atom c Both a and b are correct d Neither a nor b is correct ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 80 Which of the following is not an example of an intermolecular attraction? a covalent bonding b dipole-dipole interactions c London dispersion forces d hydrogen bonding ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 81 Which of the following molecules can have only London dispersion forces? a CH4 b CO2 c both a and b d neither a nor b ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 82 Which of the following molecules can have only London dispersion forces? a CH4 b CO c both a and b d neither a nor b ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 83 Which of the following molecules can have dipole-dipole interactions? a CH4 b H2S c both a and b d neither a nor b ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 84 Which of the following molecules can have dipole-dipole interactions? a CH4 b CO2 c both a and b d neither a nor b ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 85 Which of the following molecules can engage in hydrogen bonding? a NH3 b H2O c HF d all of these ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 86 Which of the following molecules can engage in hydrogen bonding? a HF b HCl c HBr d HI ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 87 Which of the following molecules cannot engage in hydrogen bonding? a CH4 b NH3 c H2O d all of these ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 88 Which of the following molecules cannot engage in hydrogen bonding? a SiH4 b PH3 c H2S d all of these ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 89 Which of the following pairs engage in hydrogen bonding? a water with methanol, CH3OH b two molecules of methane c both a and b d neither a nor b ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 90 Which of the following pairs engage in hydrogen bonding? a water with acetone (CH3COCH3) b water with butane (CH3CH2CH2CH3) c both a and b d neither a nor b ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 91 Which of the following pairs not engage in hydrogen bonding? a H2O with NH3 b H2O with H2O c NH3 with NH3 d None, they all engage in hydrogen bonding ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 92 Hydrogen bonding plays an important role in which of the following? a the boiling point of water b the expansion of water upon freezing c both a and b d neither a nor b ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.7 – WHAT TYPES OF ATTRACTIVE FORCES EXITS BETWEEN MOLECULES? 93 Which of the following characteristics of a liquid sample is associated with the intermolecular forces which are present? a its mass b its shape c its surface tension d its volume ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.8 – HOW DO WE DESCRIBE THE BEHAVIOR OF LIQUIDS AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL? 94 Which of the following best describes the relationship of molecules in a liquid with those in a gas at the same temperature? a Molecules in the liquid are much closer together than those in the gas b Molecules in the liquid have less kinetic energy than those in the gas c both a and b d neither a nor b ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.8 – HOW DO WE DESCRIBE THE BEHAVIOR OF LIQUIDS AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL? 95 Which of the following best describes the relationship of molecules in a liquid with those in a gas at the same temperature? a Molecules in the liquid are much closer together than those in the gas b Molecules in the liquid have the same kinetic energy as those in the gas c both a and b d neither a nor b ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.8 – HOW DO WE DESCRIBE THE BEHAVIOR OF LIQUIDS AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL? 96 At what point is the vapor pressure of a liquid measured? a When molecules escape from the liquid more rapidly than they are recaptured by the liquid b When molecules are recaptured by the liquid more rapidly than they escape from the liquid c When molecules escape and are recaptured at the same rate d When the liquid has been totally converted to vapor ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.8 – HOW DO WE DESCRIBE THE BEHAVIOR OF LIQUIDS AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL? 97 The term “vapor pressure of a liquid” means which of the following? a the pressure exerted by a liquid b the partial pressure exerted by a gas in equilibrium with its liquid c both a and b d neither a nor b ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.8 – HOW DO WE DESCRIBE THE BEHAVIOR OF LIQUIDS AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL? 98 As the temperature of a liquid is increased what happens to the vapor pressure? a It decreases b It increases c It remains the same d The change depends on the identity of the liquid ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.8 – HOW DO WE DESCRIBE THE BEHAVIOR OF LIQUIDS AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL? 99 Which of the following affects the vapor pressure of a liquid? a the mass of the sample b the shape the sample c the temperature of the sample d the volume of the sample ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.8 – HOW DO WE DESCRIBE THE BEHAVIOR OF LIQUIDS AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL? 100 Chloroform has a normal boiling point of 61.7°C Which of the following is true? a At any temperature the vapor pressure of chloroform is greater than that of water b Chloroform is less volatile than water c Both a and b are correct d Neither a nor b is correct ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.8 – HOW DO WE DESCRIBE THE BEHAVIOR OF LIQUIDS AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL? 101 Chloroform has a normal boiling point of 61.7°C Which of the following is true? a At any temperature the vapor pressure of chloroform is less than that of water b Chloroform is more volatile than water c Both a and b are correct d Neither a nor b is correct ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.8 – HOW DO WE DESCRIBE THE BEHAVIOR OF LIQUIDS AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL? 102 The normal boiling point of acetic acid is 117.9°C Which of the following is true? a The vapor pressure of acetic acid at 100°C is greater than 760 torr b The vapor pressure of acetic acid at 100°C is equal to 760 torr c The vapor pressure of acetic acid at 100°C is less than 760 torr d There is insufficient information to answer the question ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.8 – HOW DO WE DESCRIBE THE BEHAVIOR OF LIQUIDS AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL? 103 Which of the following does not affect the boiling point of a liquid? a the formula weight of the liquid molecules b the shape of the liquid molecules c the intermolecular forces between the liquid molecules d None, all of the above affect the boiling point ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.8 – HOW DO WE DESCRIBE THE BEHAVIOR OF LIQUIDS AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL? 104 At high altitudes atmospheric pressure is lower than at sea level Which of the following is true? a Boiling water is cooler in Denver than in New York b Boiling water is hotter in Denver than in New York c Water boils at the same temperature in Denver and New York d We cannot predict the relationship between the boiling points in the two cities ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.8 – HOW DO WE DESCRIBE THE BEHAVIOR OF LIQUIDS AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL? 105 Which of the following is an example of an ionic solid? a diamond b dry ice c sodium d sodium chloride ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.9 – WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF SOLIDS? 106 Which of the following is an example of a molecular solid? a diamond b dry ice c sodium d sodium chloride ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.9 – WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF SOLIDS? 107 Which of the following is an example of a network covalent solid? a diamond b dry ice c sodium d sodium chloride ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.9 – WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF SOLIDS? 108 Fullerenes are examples of which of the following type of solid? a ionic b molecular c network covalent d polymeric ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.9 – WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF SOLIDS? 109 Which of the following type of solid is characterized by the least order? a amorphous b ionic c molecular d network covalent ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.9 – WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF SOLIDS? 110 Which of the following types of solid is most likely to have a low, but well defined, melting point? a amorphous b ionic c molecular d network covalent ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.9 – WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF SOLIDS? 111 Which of the following types of solids does not typically have a well defined melting point? a amorphous b ionic c molecular d network covalent ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.9 – WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF SOLIDS? 112 Which of the following pieces of data can we obtain from a heating curve? a boiling point of a liquid b melting point of a solid c specific heat of a solid d all of the above ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 113 Which regions of a heating curve correspond to regions where only a single phase of a material is present? a horizontal regions b regions with negative slope c regions with positive slope d It depends on the material ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 114 Which regions of a heating curve correspond to regions where two phases of a material are present? a horizontal regions b regions with negative slope c regions with positive slope d It depends on the material ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 115 The heat of vaporization of water is 540 cal/g What mass of water at 100°C can be vaporized by the addition of 45.0 kcal of heat? a 0.0120 g b 0.0833 g c 12.0 g d 83.3 g ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 116 The specific heat of iron is 0.110 cal /g•°C The heat of fusion of iron is 63.7 cal/g The melting point of iron is 1530°C How much heat must be added to 10.0 g of iron at 25°C to completely melt it? a 0.637 kcal b 0.803 kcal c 1.676 kcal d 2.29 kcal ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 117 The specific heat of water is 1.0 cal/g•°C The heat of vaporization of water is 540 cal/g Which of the following is true? a It takes less energy to evaporate one gram of water than it does to heat one gram of water from 0°C to 100°C b It takes more energy to evaporate one gram of water than it does to heat one gram of water from 0°C to 100°C c It takes the same amount of energy to evaporate one gram of water as it does to heat one gram of water from 0°C to 100°C d There is insufficient information to answer the question ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 118 Which of the following phase changes does not involve a solid? a evaporation b melting c sublimation d None, they all involve a solid ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 119 Which of the following phase changes does not involve a liquid? a evaporation b melting c sublimation d None, they all involve a liquid ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? Consider the following phase diagram of water The temperature and pressure scales are greatly reduced (and are non-linear) 120 Crossing the curve designated AC in the direction of high pressure to low pressure is associated with which of the following phase transitions? a solid to liquid b solid to vapor c liquid to vapor d vapor to liquid ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 121 Crossing the curve designated AD in the direction of high pressure to low pressure is associated with which of the following phase transitions? a solid to liquid b solid to vapor c liquid to vapor d vapor to solid ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 122 Crossing the line designated AB in the direction of high pressure to low pressure is associated with which of the following phase transitions? a solid to liquid b solid to vapor c liquid to solid d liquid to vapor ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 123 Crossing the curve designated AD in the direction of high temperature to low temperature is associated with which of the following phase transitions? a solid to liquid b solid to vapor c liquid to vapor d vapor to solid ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 124 Point A is associated with which of the following? a solid liquid b solid vapor c liquid vapor d solid liquid vapor ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 125 Consider the following model This substance would most likely be classified as what type of solid? a amorphous b crystalline c allotrope d nanotube ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.9 – WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF SOLIDS? 126 Consider the model shown below Each sphere represents an atom To which of the following classification might this substance belong? a ionic solid b amorphous solid c molecular solid d metallic solid ANSWER: d POINTS: TOPICS: 5.9 – WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF SOLIDS? 127 The substance shown in the image is dry ice (solid CO2) which is composed of molecules in the crystal lattice What type of intermolecular force holds the molecules together in the crystal? a London dispersion forces b dipole-dipole interactions c hydrogen bonding d More than one of the above may be present ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.9 – WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF SOLIDS? 128 Consider the following forms of carbon When compared to diamond, these substances would fit into which of the following classifications? a allotropes b isotopes c amorphous forms d The different forms shown not fit into the same classification ANSWER: a POINTS: TOPICS: 5.9 – WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF SOLIDS? Consider the following heating curve for the generic substance Z 129 What is the melting point of substance Z? a 20 °C b 30 °C c 80 °C d 90 °C ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 130 What is the boiling point of substance Z? a 20 °C b 30 °C c 80 °C d 90 °C ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 131 About how much energy was added to convert all of this sample of Z from the liquid at the boiling point to the gas at the boiling point? a 60 cal b 80 cal c 550 cal d 780 cal ANSWER: c POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED? 132 Based on this heating curve, what physical state of Z is present at about 60 °C? a solid b liquid c gas d solid and liquid e liquid and gas ANSWER: b POINTS: TOPICS: 5.10 – WHAT IS A PHASE CHANGE AND WHAT ENERGIES ARE INVOLVED?