Test bank for human development a life span view 7th edition by kail

ANSWER: a REFERENCES: 13.1 Physical Changes and Health LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.1.3 – What reproductive changes occur in men and women in middle age.. “Some of your blood cel

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a more gray hair

b a larger middle-aged bulge

c more wrinkles

d less hair

ANSWER: c

REFERENCES: 13.1 Physical Changes and Health Physical Changes and Health

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.1.1 – How does appearance change in middle age?

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Apply

2 The metabolic slowdown common to individuals in their early 30s and mid-50s will lead to in many males

REFERENCES: 13.1 Physical Changes and Health

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.1.1 – How does appearance change in middle age?

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

3 Osteoporosis is best thought of as involving a loss of bone

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.1.2 – What changes occur in bones and joints?

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4 As Dr Benton is looking at an X-ray of bones in your leg, his comment, , would indicate that you may have osteoporosis

a “I see less mass than normal”

b “I see excessive encapsulation”

c “I see a significant increase in density”

d “I see very little plaque”

ANSWER: a

5 Who is at the greatest risk of currently experiencing osteoporosis?

a Martha, who is a 20-year-old female

b George, who is a 30-year-old male

c Mary, who is a 60-year-old female

d Abe, who is a 70-year-old male

ANSWER: c

6 is the leading cause of broken bones in older women

7 Forty-five-year-old Marilyn, who is very concerned about osteoporosis, seeks medical advice from her physician Which advice would her physician be least likely

to give?

a “Let’s try increasing your alcohol consumption.”

b “Let’s try increasing your estrogen level.”

c “Let’s try increasing your exercise rate.”

d “Let’s try increasing your calcium consumption.”

ANSWER: a

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8 The rate of osteoporosis is directly affected by the metabolism rate of vitamin

9 Connie is a knowledgeable individual so when her physician tells her that she will

be put on a biophosphonate, Connie realizes that she most likely has

10 Which is best characterized as a “wear-and-tear” disease?

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Thinking Critically

11 Sixty-year-old Wendell is being examined by his physician Wendell’s symptoms include joint pain that has gradually increased When his doctor says, “Your pain is due to the damage to your cartilage caused by severe use over your lifetime,” you should correctly conclude that Wendell will be diagnosed with

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12 Misha often experiences severe swelling and joint pain in her fingers and wrists each morning This pattern of symptoms is most likely due to

13 Rheumatoid arthritis osteoarthritis

a is another name for

b impacts different joints than

c always precedes

d is a noninflammatory version of

ANSWER: b

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Thinking

14 One difference between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis is that

a osteoarthritis is not painful

b osteoarthritis typically occurs in adolescence

c there is more swelling of the joints in rheumatoid arthritis

d women are more likely to be affected by rheumatoid arthritis

ANSWER: c

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Thinking

15 Which statement concerning rheumatoid arthritis is true?

a Individuals with rheumatoid arthritis need to avoid aspirin

b Rheumatoid arthritis is inherited

c Symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis come and go

d Rheumatoid arthritis affects large joints (e.g., hips) but not small joints (e.g., fingers)

ANSWER: c

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16 The defining element of “the climacteric” involves the loss of

a the natural ability to produce children

b cancer-fighting agents

c emotional stability

d blood flow through the circulatory system

ANSWER: a

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.1.3 – What reproductive changes occur in men and women in middle age?

17 While at a checkup, 40-year-old Betty listens as her physician, Dr White,

describes Betty’s current health Which of Dr White’s statements would suggest that Betty is experiencing the climacteric?

a “Do genetic disorders run in your family?”

b “I hope that you have all the children you want.”

c “The loss of memory will be slow but significant.”

d “Some of your blood cells have begun to alter their shape.”

ANSWER: b

18 Fifty-five-year-old Claire stopped menstruating some time ago She is

disappointed because she really wanted to have more children What would a

competent physician tell her?

a “Sorry, your childbearing days are now behind you.”

b “Just stop taking hormones and you could get pregnant again.”

c “It may be possible for you to have more children via in vitro fertilization.”

d “If you do HRT, you have a good chance of getting pregnant.”

ANSWER: a

19 As women reach the climacteric, their menstruation cycles

a continue regularly for the remainder of their lives

b become irregular and gradually stop altogether

c become more and more irregular, but they never completely stop

d stop all at once

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ANSWER: b

20 How are menopause and the climacteric related?

a Menopause typically ends right before the climacteric

b The climacteric typically ends right before menopause

c Menopause occurs during the climacteric

d Menopause and the climacteric are unrelated

ANSWER: c

21 Shelly is a 46-year-old woman whose menstrual cycle has changed and is now more irregular and infrequent Which term best describes Shelly’s condition?

22 Which of the following are hormonal-related symptoms of menopause?

a Poor respiration and hot flashes

b Hot flashes and vaginal dryness

c Vaginal dryness and joint stiffness

d Joint stiffness and poor respiration

ANSWER: b

23 Perimenopause is accompanied by decreases in and levels

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24 For Beth, menopause just ended Which change should she expect?

a Enlarged vaginal walls

b Enlarged external genitalia

c Reduced vaginal lubrication

d Reduced possibility of painful intercourse

ANSWER: c

25 The primary reason that elderly women show a decline in sexual activity

involves

a a normal physiological lack of interest

b failure to achieve orgasm

c the lack of a willing or appropriate partner

d pain associated with vaginal changes

ANSWER: c

26 Serina is looking forward to menopause and aging Based on this information, what is Serina’s ethnic background?

27 Declining levels of estrogen typically do not increase the risk of

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28 Albine’s physician has just informed her that she will need to begin hormone replacement therapy In addition to estrogen, what hormone should Albine expect to

29 Results from the Women’s Health Initiative study begun in 1991 revealed that the risk for decreased in those taking estrogen plus progestin

30 Yasmin is told that she will be taking selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) What medical condition is most likely being treated?

a High blood pressure

b Menopause

c Breast cancer

d Rheumatoid arthritis

ANSWER: b

31 At what age is women’s risk of cardiovascular disease equal to that of men’s?

a 50

b 40

c 60

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d 30

ANSWER: c

32 Tom has always wanted to be a father but has not yet found an acceptable

partner He is now 35 years old, healthy, and beginning to be concerned about how much longer he will remain fertile When he asks his doctor about this, his doctor tells him that he will probably be capable of fathering a child

a until he is about 45 years old

b until he is about 65 years old

c until he is about 85 years old

d for the rest of his life

ANSWER: d

33 Some males experience an age-related decline in resulting in like symptoms

34 As a typical middle-aged male, Rasheed will most likely experience

a a brief increase in sperm production

b a shorter resolution phase

c a prostate gland that becomes enlarged

d more perceived demand to ejaculate

ANSWER: c

35 The loss of an available partner in older age

a is a factor in the decrease in sexual intercourse for both men and women

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b is a factor in the decrease in sexual intercourse for men but not for women

c is a factor in the decrease in sexual intercourse for women but not for men

d is not a factor in the decrease in sexual intercourse for men or women

ANSWER: a

36 Who is likely to experience the most job-related stress?

a Tina, who has complete control over her job

b Lena, who has moderate control over her job

c Katrina, who has some control over her job

d Deena, who has no control over her job

ANSWER: d

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.1.4 – What is stress? How does it affect physical and psychological health?

37 For which occupation would you expect the least stress-related health

38 Compared to the average middle-aged man, the average middle-aged woman tends to rate stressful experiences

a less negatively and to report more stress in family areas

b experiences more negatively and to report more stress in family areas

c experiences less negatively and to report more stress in financial areas

d experiences more negatively and to report more stress in financial areas

ANSWER: b

39 The stress and coping paradigm focuses on the interactive relationship between

a person and environment

b mind and body

c hormones and neurotransmitters

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d family and work

ANSWER: a

40 Analyzing how a person thinks about her job and how that job situation ends up affecting the individual both psychologically and physically would be an example of

an application of the

a encapsulation pattern

b Type A behavior pattern

c stress and coping paradigm

d generativity versus stagnation paradigm

ANSWER: c

41 Joy reads a note on her desk that says, “Joy, come to my office immediately Signed, The Boss.” Joy immediately interprets this message as a threat to her job and her livelihood and is not sure she can deal with it Joy’s interpretation of this note exemplifies

42 Coping is defined as any

a attempt to deal with stress

b attempt to deal with stress that is repeated on at least two occasions

c rational attempt to deal with stress

d successful attempt to deal with stress

ANSWER: a

43 Heather is experiencing a great deal of stress She has tried relaxation training,

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thinking about life events in a different way, and even talking to her friends All of these strategies are best classified as attempts at

44 Stress has been shown to decrease

45 _ is the process by which we categorize events into three groups based on the significance they have on our well-being: irrelevant, positive, or stressful

46 Tabitha just had a conversation with her boss in which he told her that there would be some future layoffs due to budget cuts Tabitha feels an increase in stress due to the conversation with her boss She would be best described as experiencing

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.1.4 – What is stress? How does it affect

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physical and psychological health?

47 What is the name for the process we experience when we evaluate our ability to cope with a challenge?

48 Stacy has lost her wallet with all of her cash, credit cards, and identification in it She asks herself, “What can I do about this?” Stacy is in the process

49 Jen has heard that Ben is cheating on her, but does not believe it However, after being shown pictures of Ben interacting romantically with another woman, Jen believes him to be cheating and feels more stress Jen is experiencing

50 Sylvester is extremely anxious about an upcoming physics exam He cancels his plans with his friends and stays home to study an extra day Sylvester is practicing

a emotion-focused coping

b appraisal

c mindfulness-based stress reduction

d problem-focused coping

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ANSWER: d

51 Yoga and meditation are examples of

52 After being robbed at gunpoint at night, Chelsea is anxious and is afraid to leave her house after dark Chelsea is experiencing symptoms of

53 Exercise

a is not related to physical health

b can significantly slow the aging process

c is beneficial to health but does not affect the aging process

d should be avoided by people over 50 years old

ANSWER: b

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.1.5 – What benefits are there to exercise? KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

54 Aerobic exercise is defined as a pulse rate between percent of a person’s maximum rate

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55 Which runner is engaging in aerobic exercise?

a John, a 20-year-old whose heart rate is 210

b Denver, a 40-year-old whose heart rate is 100

c Sean, a 50-year-old whose heart rate is 130

d Austin, a 90 years old whose heart rate is 50

ANSWER: c

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.1.5 – What benefits are there to exercise? KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Apply

56 A person’s maximum heart rate is calculated by subtracting his or her age from

57 Max engages in regular aerobic exercise Relative to those who do not exercise, Max is likely to

a be more depressed

b function better cognitively

c show inhibited oxygen consumption

d have higher blood pressure

ANSWER: b

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.1.5 – What benefits are there to exercise? KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Apply

58 intelligence is defined as involving the skills and knowledge necessary for adapting to one’s physical and social environment

REFERENCES: 13.2 Cognitive Development

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.2.1 – How does practical intelligence develop in adulthood?

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59 Though Elsa does not score particularly high on traditional intelligence tests, she

is very good at understanding income tax forms, can deal well with all different kinds of people, and is a good troubleshooter around the home and office Elsa

60 Dr Zorba is giving 44-year-old Annette an intelligence test Annette finds that she really likes answering the questions because they seem to be based on her life experiences Dr Zorba is most likely attempting to assess Annette’s

61 Which is the best example of a measure of practical intelligence?

a The MMPI

b The Stanford-Binet

c Knowing how to balance a checkbook

d Knowing the square root of every number less than 100

ANSWER: c

62 Which of the following is true about real-life problems?

a People are not motivated to solve them

b Personal experience is irrelevant

c They have more than one correct answer

d They are very similar to traditional tests of intelligence

ANSWER: c

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63 Dharma is upset with the lack of manners her husband Greg displays while eating, so she looks away or leaves the table each time her husband behaves this way Dharma’s response is best classified as

64 When confronted with a problem in his relationships with his wife, Frank scoffs

it off, saying “Ahhh, that’s not really an issue…it will work itself out.” This is

probably best classified as

65 McGuyver is trapped in a room with seemingly no way out While contemplating his escape, he thinks about how part of the bed in the room could be used to make a helicopter This practical thought is best classified as

66 What would best be classified as an instrumental task?

a Taking an IQ test

b Teaching at a college

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c Climbing Mount Everest

d Driving to work

ANSWER: d

67 According to research by Blanchard-Fields (2007), of an middle-aged adult would most likely to be dealt with via avoidance-denial

a death of a spouse

b buying groceries

c mowing the lawn

d writing a thank you note

ANSWER: a

68 Who is most likely to deal with an instrumental problem using a

69 Based on research, which of the following statements best summarizes how middle-aged adults solve problems?

a Middle-aged adults solve all problems with a problem-focused approach

b Middle-aged adults solve all problems with a passive-dependent approach

c Middle-aged adults solve problems similarly regardless of the emotional issues involved

d Middle-aged adults solve problems differently depending on the type of problem ANSWER: d

70 What description does not accurately describe the skills that people with high

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practical intelligence have?

a People with higher practical intelligence come up with more efficient ways to solve problems in daily life

b People with higher practical intelligence are able to deal with change more

71 The mechanics of intelligence best fits with which description?

72 The of intelligence is most likely to be affected by the culture in which you were raised

73 Mechanics of intelligence is to pragmatics of intelligence as

a thoughts are to hormones

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74 The “biological process of thinking” would be best associated with

75 Which term does not belong with the rest?

a Pragmatics of intelligence

b Mechanics of intelligence

c Psychological force impact on intelligence

d Sociocultural force impact on intelligence

ANSWER: b

76 Which best exemplifies a sociocultural impact on intelligence?

a Learning how to drive by practicing driving

b Americans who fear those from the Middle East following the 9/11 attacks

c An increase in synaptic connections that results in a higher test score

d Learning to cook by reading a cookbook

ANSWER: b

77 Which describes the normal pattern of pragmatics and mechanics intelligence development between ages 25 and 70?

a Both pragmatics and mechanics increase with age

b Both pragmatics and mechanics decrease with age

c Pragmatics remains constant while mechanics decreases

d Mechanics remains constant while pragmatics decreases

ANSWER: c

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.2.1 – How does practical intelligence

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develop in adulthood?

78 Paula is an expert on the history of rock music while Donald is a novice This means that Paula than Donald

a is less curious about rock music

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.2.2 – How does a person become an expert?

79 How is expert problem-solving different from problem-solving by a novice?

a Novices are more curious

b Experts come to solutions faster

c Novices follow fewer rules

d Experts demonstrate less flexibility in thought

ANSWER: b

80 Which of the following is one of the outcomes of expertise?

a An increase in the ability to explain how one arrives at a particular answer

b Less flexible thinking

c Less focused thinking

d A decrease in the ability to explain how one arrives at a particular answer

ANSWER: d

81 Which of the following is true about expertise?

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.2.2 – How does a person become an

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expert?

82 One negative effect of expertise is the

a inability to solve practical problems

b loss of the ability to explain why you came to a correct solution

c increase in the time that is takes to solve a task

d loss of other knowledge in the same area

ANSWER: b

83 Expert performance tends to peak in and drop off

a young adulthood; significantly thereafter

b young adulthood; slightly thereafter

c middle adulthood; significantly thereafter

d middle adulthood; slightly thereafter

ANSWER: d

84 What is an example of an internal motivator for adults to learn something new?

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.2.3 – What is meant by lifelong learning? What differences are there between adults and young people in how they learn? KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

85 Darejeh and Singh (2014) concluded that self-learning is improved by taking differences into account

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.2.3 – What is meant by lifelong learning? What differences are there between adults and young people in how they learn?

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86 Which statement between adult learners and their younger counterparts is true?

a Adults are more willing to learn about abstract problems

b Adults tend to be more motivated by internal factors

c Younger learners tend to have a larger variety of experiences on which they can build

d Younger learners have a higher need to know why they should learn something ANSWER: b

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.2.3 – What is meant by lifelong learning? What differences are there between adults and young people in how they learn? KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Thinking Critically

87 At which age is the debate of personality stability versus change most heated?

a The teen years

88 Costa and McCrae’s model of personality, which includes dimensions like

conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience, is commonly referred

89 What are the five factors in the five-factor model?

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evidence is there for stability in personality traits?

90 An individual low on the characteristic would likely be described as tempered and comfortable

91 Regis is asked to describe what it is like to work with Kathy Lee In response, he says, “She is mean, anxious, and really self-conscious.” This description best matches

a person scoring high on Costa and McCrae’s personality dimension

92 If Barney is accurately described as being very even-tempered and unemotional,

he would likely score very low on a test of

a openness to new experience

93 Newt is known for being very opinionated, extremely sociable, and loving a challenge According to the Five-Factor model, Newt is best thought of as being

a neurotic

b introverted

c extroverted

d agreeable

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ANSWER: c

REFERENCES: 13.3 Personality

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.3.1 – What is the five-factor model? What evidence is there for stability in personality traits?

94 Since she has what Costa and McCrae would classify as a “highly extroverted” personality, you would expect that Samantha would be described by others as

a “a psychopath.”

b “nice as you could imagine.”

c “lazy and disorganized.”

d “loving the spotlight.”

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: 13.3 Personality

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: KAIL.HDEV.16.13.3.1 – What is the five-factor model? What evidence is there for stability in personality traits?

95 Kevin is described by friends as having a great imagination and being willing to try anything once Given this description, Kevin would most likely score very high

96 Which trait fits someone who scores low on an openness to experience

97 Because she has what Costa and McCrae would classify as an “agreeable”

personality, you would expect that Marcy would be described by others as a

a “wallflower.”

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