Virgil recomposed the mythological and secular centos in antiquity

Virgil Recomposed: The Mythological and Secular Centos in Antiquity Scott McGill OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Virgil Recomposed AMERICAN PHILOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION AMERICAN CLASSICAL STUDIES VOLUME 48 Series Editor DONALD J MASTRONARDE Studies in Classical History and Society MEYER REINHOLD Sextus Empiricus The Transmission and Recovery of Pyrrhonism LUCIANO FLORIDI Greek Mythology in the Roman World ALAN CAMERON The Augustan Succession An Historical Commentary on Cassius Dio’s ‘‘Roman History’’ Books 55–56 (9 B.C.–A.D 14) PETER MICHAEL SWAN Virgil Recomposed The Mythological and Secular Centos in Antiquity SCOTT MCGILL Virgil Recomposed The Mythological and Secular Centos in Antiquity Scott McGill 2005 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright # 2005 by The American Philological Association Published by Oxford University Press, Inc 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York, 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission of Oxford University Press Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data McGill, Scott, 1968– Virgil recomposed: the mythological and secular centos in antiquity / Scott McGill p cm.—(American classical studies; no 48) Includes bibliographical references and index ISBN-13 978-0-19-517564-6 ISBN 0-19-517564-6 Virgil—Adaptations—History and criticism Virgil—Parodies, imitations, etc.—History and criticism Epic poetry, Latin—Adaptations—History and criticism Centos—History and criticism Mythology, Roman, in literature Virgil—Appreciation—Rome I Title II Series PA6825.M395 2005 871'.01—dc22 2004022887 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper To My Son, Charlie This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgments This book began when I decided to take Ausonius outside with me on a lazy summer day and read the Moselle Opening Green’s edition at random, I instead encountered the Cento Nuptialis, and a dissertation topic was born Desidiosum iuvat Fortuna Several years have passed since then I completed and many times revised the dissertation; finishing (or better, abandoning) it now as a monograph, I feel somewhat wistful, since the project is so closely associated with a remarkable time in my life, and with many remarkable people I learned much as a graduate student from my professors, particularly Michael Anderson, Bob Babcock, Susanna Braund, and Gordon Williams, who were all models of mentoring, prodding me patiently and amiably to think harder and with more clarity As an advisor sine titulo and a reader of the dissertation, Michael Roberts helped me to realize this project in more ways than I can recount Finally, John Matthews and Ellen Oliensis were as generous, supportive, and rigorous advisors as I could have hoped to have Since arriving at Rice University, I have benefited from the healthy and nurturing environment that the university and the Classical Studies Department create for its junior faculty In more concrete terms, I appreciate the editorial work of Cyndy Brown, which certainly sped my progress My colleagues, Coulter George, Christopher Kelty, Michael Maas, Hilary Mackie, Don Morrison, Caroline Quenemoen, and Harvey Yunis also facilitated the preparation of my manuscript Conversation with them, teaching alongside them, and having them as editors have been truly enjoyable and productive experiences When this book needed a final round of scrubbing, Donald Mastronarde and the anonymous readers at the APA provided me with both general and specific assistance Their criticism allowed me to avoid many errors and escape many pitfalls— though fallibility is stubborn, and I am sure that mistakes and infelicities remain, for which of course I am alone responsible I must also thank Eve Bachrach, Jessica Ryan, and Gwen Colvin at Oxford University Press for their guidance XVIII Cento Nuptialis from The Works of Ausonius, by R.P.H Green (1991), was reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press The translation of Ausonius’s epistle to Paulus was reprinted by permission of the publishers and viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS the Trustees of the Loeb Classical Library from Ausonius: Volume 1, Loeb Classical Library vol 96, translated by H G Evelyn-White (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1919) The Loeb Classical Library is a registered trademark of the President and Fellows of Harvard College The De Alea was reprinted by permission of Loffredo Editore Napoli SpA Finally, the Epithalamium Fridi and Medea were reprinted by permission of K.G Saur Verlag Throughout the entire process of writing this book, my family has been an anchor I particularly want to thank my brother Sean and my parents, who taught me by example how to be disciplined and to stick to a task until it is done In different ways, I am indebted to old friends in the Northeast (though the academic diaspora has taken us to far-flung locations) and new ones in Houston, and especially to Joseph Luzzi Finally, Sarah Ellenzweig makes everything worthwhile and better than I deserve At the risk of being precious, let me end by saying what a pleasure it has been these past years to read and think about not only some of the wildest texts in antiquity but also Virgil, who as a poet has no superior and just a few equals non, mihi si linguae centum sint oraque centum (A 6.625), caelicolae magni (A 10.6) possim superare labores (A 3.368) carmina qui (G 4.565) matrisque dedit tibi, Mantua, nomen (A 10.200) Contents Abbreviations xi Text Editions Used Introduction xiii xv Playing with Poetry: Writing and Reading the Virgilian Centos Tragic Virgil: The Medea Virgil and the Everyday: The De Panificio and De Alea Omnia Iam Vulgata? Approaches to the Mythological Centos 71 Weddings, Sex, and ‘‘Virgil the Maiden’’: The Cento Nuptialis and the Epithalamium Fridi 92 Conclusion 31 115 Appendix: Texts of the Mythological and Secular Centos Notes 153 Bibliography Index 53 217 227 119 Bibliography Adams, J N ‘‘Ausonius Cento Nuptialis 101–31.’’ SIFC 53 (1981): 199–215 — The Latin Sexual Vocabulary Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982 Allen, W S Vox Latina: A Guide to the Pronunciation of Classical Latin 2nd ed Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978 Amatucci, A G Storia della Latina Cristiana Bari: G Laterza, 1929 Austin, R G., ed and comm Aeneidos Liber Quartus Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1955 Axelson, Bertil Unpoetische Woărter: Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Lateinischen Dichtersprache Lund: H Ohlssons, 1945 Bagnall, Roger, Alan Cameron, and Seth Schwartz Consuls of the Later Roman Empire Atlanta, Ga.: Scholar’s Press, 1987 Barchiesi, Alessandro ‘‘Traces of Greek Narrative and the Roman Novel: A Survey.’’ 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Honor of Wendell Clausen, ed Peter Knox and Clive Foss, 158–173 Stuttgart: Teubner, 1998 Zwierlein, Otto Die Rezitationsdramen Senecas Mannheim an Glan: Anton Hain, 1966 Index Accommodations See cento Achilles Tatius, 83 Admetus, 13, 15, 22, 26, 88–91, 202n72 Aeneas, xviii, xix, 12, 21–22, 27, 45, 47–49, 62, 78, 89–91, 100, 112, 185n78, 187n102, 187n106, 203–204nn78–80, 204n82, 214n116 Aeneid, xv, xviii–xx, xxiii, 8, 10–13, 17, 18, 21, 26, 33–34, 36–37, 39, 45–52, 55–56, 60–61, 63, 66–70, 85, 89, 102, 106, 112, 114, 160n56, 166n41, 182n54, 89n10, 212n78 Aeneid 1, xiv, 187n102 Aeneid 3, 187n106 Aeneid 4, xviii, 32, 47, 49–51, 89–91, 109, 187n102, 188n111, 203n76 Aeneid 5, xv Aeneid 6, 187n102 Aeneid 7, 180n36 Aeneid 9, 113, 187n106 Aeneidomastix, 56, 189n19, 190n21, 193n52 Africa, xix, 6, 32–33, 57, 72–73, 78, 82, 84, 99, 165n28, 177n12 Agrippa, 39 Alcesta (cento), xv, 13, 15, 17, 22, 26, 71, 84, 88–91, 170n71, 203n76 Alcestis Barcinonensis, 88–89, 203n73 Alcestis (character), 54, 89–91, 202– 203nn72–73, 203n77 Allecto, 26, 180nn36–37 alliteration, 60, 171n82 allusion, 26, 29, 49, 52, 76, 78, 89, 97, 113, 114, 116, 174n130, 175n132, 175n143, 176n148, 176n153 macrotextual, 28, 40, 58–59, 67, 89, 91, 95, 107, 116 microtextual, 25, 27, 29–30, 39, 50, 61–62, 67, 78, 90–91, 95, 113–114, 116 See also intertextuality Ammianus Marcellinus, 93–94 Anacreon, xvi, 155n13 anadiplosis, 14, 60 anaphora, 14 Anchises, 78 Andromache, xix, 78, 187n106 Anna (Sister of Dido), 34, 47–48 Antaeus, 79–80 antanaclasis, 21, 55, 68, 106 Anthologia Latina, xix, 159n39 See also codex Salmasianus Aphrodite, 97, 207n35 See also Venus Apollo, 15, 26, 85, 88, 202n72 Apollonius of Rhodes, 47 apostrophe, 34–35, 69, 82, 87, 171n82, 179n23 Apuleius, 108 architecture, metaphor for literature, 19–20 Areios (‘‘Homeric poet’’), 153n4 Arellius Fuscus, xxi–xxii argumenta, Virgilian, xix–xx Aristophanes, 63, 193n50–51 Ascanius, xxii, 77–78, 97 assonance, 60 Astyanax, 78 Augustine, xviii, 101, 157n27 Augustus, xxii See also Octavian Ausonius, Decimus Magnus, xv, xvi, xvii, 1, 5–11, 22, 27, 32–33, 69, 228 Ausonius (continued) 92–95, 97–98, 103, 105–114, 153n3, 156n21, 159n48, 159nn50–51, 161n1, 162nn2–3, 163n11, 166nn36–40, 167n48, 170n67, 171n82, 172n101, 173n107, 205nn9–10, 205n13, 206n17, 207nn27–28, 207n31, 207n34, 207n36, 208n39, 210n62, 210n65, 211n67, 211nn70–74, 212nn75–77, 213nn85–86, 213n88, 213n97, 213n98, 214n116 and definition of cento, 3, 5, 19–20 and letter to Paulus, 1, 2, 4, 10, 19, 92–93, 98, 104, 108, 212n80 and Technopaegnion, 164n19 See also Cento Nuptialis Axius Paulus, 1, 4, 103, 108, 162nn2–3 See also Ausonius, letter to Paulus Bellum Civile, parody of Lucan, 59 bricolage, 157n24 cacemphata, 109–112, 213nn94–95 Caecilius Epirota, xviii Calpurnius Siculus, 174n130, 189n10 captatio benevolentiae, 7, 94, 108, 165n29 Catalepton 10, 59, 189n13 Catullus, 47, 95, 97, 103, 106–108, 113, 164n24, 205n13, 206n15, 207n29, 207n34 Cebes, and cento Pinax, 7, 32, 153n4, 155n17 Cento Nuptialis, xv, xvii, 1, 4–8, 10–12, 15–18, 25, 27, 54, 57–58, 92, 94– 100, 102–103, 105–108, 110–11, 113–14, 153n4, 172n101, 206n15, 207n29, 211n74, 212n78, 212n80 Cento Probae See Proba cento, interpretation of, xvi, 9, 29–30, 36– 40, 46, 49, 52, 61–63, 65, 67, 70, 74, 76, 78, 81–82, 86, 88–89, 91, 95, 97, 100, 102, 104–105, 107, 114, 116, 167n53 criticism of, xvi–xvii, 115 definition of, xv, 2, 153n1 Homeric, xvi, 104 use of accommodation in, 22, 75, 200 n 40 INDEX use of aural keywords in, 17–18, 85, 176n150, 200n39 use of covert keywords in, 16–17, 29, 77–78, 86, 176n150, 191n27, 200n39 use of overt keywords in, 14–15, 77, 172n95, 176n150, 200n39 See also Alcesta, Cento Nuptialis, Cento Probae, De Alea, De Ecclesia, De Panificio, De Verbi Incarnatione, Epithalamium Fridi, Europa, Hercules et Antaeus, Hippodamia, Iudicium Paridis, Medea, Narcissus, Progne et Philomela, Versus ad Gratiam Domini Ceres, 60–62 Cicero, 108, 173n107 181n44 and Ciceromastix, 190n21 Claudian, 90, 93, 99–100, 208n39, 209n46, 210n59 codex Salmasianus, xix, 6–7, 32–33, 43, 53, 57, 66, 67, 71–74, 78, 82, 84, 155n14, 158nn36–37, 165n28, 188n1, 190n25, 198nn12–13, 198n20, 204n4, 208n45 Constantia, wife of Gratian, 27, 92, 96–97, 103, 104, 205n12 Coronatus, xix, 159n41 Creon, 37, 41, 180n37 Creusa, 42–43, 77 Culex, 59, 61, 191n32 Cupid, 100, 106, 212n81, 214n104 De Alea, xv, 16, 24, 25, 53, 55, 57, 58, 64–70, 108, 170n71, 171n82, 173nn111–112, 194nn62– 63, 196n81 De Ecclesia, xv, 10, 154n6, 170n71 De Panificio, xv, 14, 16, 25, 53, 55, 57–64, 67, 70, 173n112, 188n1, 190n26, 192n37, 194n57, 212n84 De Praescriptione Haereticorum, 7, 32, 42, 153n4 De Verbi Incarnatione, xv, 160n53 Dido, xxii, 12–13, 22, 34, 47, 48–51, 77, 89–91, 100, 185n78, 187n102, 187n109, 188n111, 198n20, 203nn77–80, 204nn82–83, 214n116 diegesis, 33–34, 103, 178n17, 178n19 Diomedes (grammarian), 110, 181n44 229 INDEX Dionysus, 3, 19 Donatus, Tiberius Claudius, 203n80 Doto, mentioned in epithalamia, 101, 210n59 Dracontius, 99, 100, 155n16, 158n35, 209n46 Eclogues, xv, xx–xxi, xxiii, 8, 10–11, 17–18, 33, 36–40, 46–47, 55–56, 63, 67, 89, 106, 166n41, 176n147, 178n16, 189n18, 192n37, 196n80, 212n78 emulation, 23–24 enargeia, 84 Encolpius, xxiv, 56, 104 Ennius, 37, 41, 48, 51 Ennodius, xviii, 81, 93, 99, 209n46 epitaphs, and Virgil, xix–xx epithalamia, 42, 92–106, 173n112, 207n33, 209n46 Erasmus, ethopoeiae, xviii–xix, xxi, 81, 153n4, 157n28 Eumolpus, 59 Euripides, 37, 40, 51, 180n37, 193n51 Europa (cento), xv, 12, 30, 71, 83–84, 201n55 Europa (character), 27, 54, 83–84 Euryalus, 34, 113, 198n20 Eurysaces, 58 Fescennines, 96, 103–104, 207n27, 210n65 Fridus, 74, 98, 99, 100–105, 208n41, 208n44, 208n45 Galatea, mentioned in epithalamia, 101, 210n59 Gellius, Aulus, and Attic Nights, 110, 174n130, 190n21 genre, 24, 25, 31, 37–40, 46–47, 49–50, 52, 55, 95, 99, 173n112, 179nn32–33, 180nn–43–45, 183n60 Georgics, xv, xx–xxi, 8, 10–11, 33, 35–39, 46–47, 55, 60–62, 67–68, 71, 85–89, 106, 166n41, 178n22, 183n61, 189n15, 196n80, 212n78 graffiti, xxi, 55, 153n4, 189n14 Gratian, 27, 92–96, 98, 103–104, 106, 159n51 Hadrian, xxiii, 161n61 Helen, 74, 90, 97, 207n32, 207n35 Heracles, 155n18 See also Hercules Hercules et Antaeus, xv, 71, 79–81 Hercules, 54, 80–81 Himerius, 97–98, 205n14 Hippodamia (cento), xv, 12, 16, 24, 28–30, 84–88 Hippodamia (character), 54, 71, 86–88 Hippolytus, 3, 19 Historia Augusta, xxiii, 161n62, 209n56 Homer, xvi, xviii–xxi, 113, 193n50, 211n66 and Battle of Frogs and Mice, 68 See also cento, Homeric Honorius, 64, 194n60, 208n39, 209n46 Horace, 45, 157n27, 168n57, 181n44 Hosidius Geta, xv, 13, 14, 22, 31, 33–38, 40, 42–46, 48, 51, 55, 79, 101, 170n68, 170n71, 171n82, 180nn35–37, 182n54, 183n59, 187n107, 188n112, 198nn11–12 See also Medea (cento by Geta) Icarus, 42, 44 intertextuality, 23, 24, 27, 30, 54, 55, 67, 91, 113, 116, 174n129, 175n132, 207n36 See also allusion Irenaeus, 155n18, 167n53 Isidore of Seville, 21, 155n15, 155n19 Iudicium Paridis, xv, 6, 15, 18, 21–22, 71, 73–76, 102, 201n55, 212n76 Jason, 32, 35, 37, 40, 43–44, 46, 48–49, 55, 180n36, 180n37, 184n66, 187n102 Jerome, xvi–xvii, 155n15, 163n13 Juno, 22, 74, 85, 100 Jupiter, 12, 30, 84, 202n60 Juvenal, 65–66, 182n51, 194n64, 195n70 Keywords, aural, covert, overt See cento Lactantius, xxx, 194n65, 195n74 Latinus, 27, 45 Lavinia, 27, 207n33 230 INDEX Leo the Philosopher, 104, 107 Libanius, 80, 207n29 Locus Vergilianus, xix, Lucan, 59, 157n27, 184n70 Lucian, 155n13, 207n35 ludic literature, 5–10, 52–55, 86, 96, 103, 115, 117, 171n84 ludus/ludere, 5–6, 8, 10, 20, 54–55, 65–66, 164n20, 195n66 Luxurius, xv, 12, 14, 32, 65–66, 72, 74–75, 92, 98–103, 105–108, 110–14, 158n38, 159n41, 159n50, 177n12, 195n71, 198n12, 199n28, 204nn4–5, 208n41, 208n43, 208n45, 209n47, 210n54, 210nn56–60, 210n65, 210n65, 211n74, 212nn75–76, 214n104 See also Epithalamium Fridi Menander Rhetor, 94, 98, 205n13, 207n29, 208n37, 210n65, 212n81 Mercury, xxii, 47 metaphor, 21, 60, 112 metonymy, 60–61, 65 mimesis, 33–35, 103 Minerva, 68, 196n82 Minucius Felix, and Virgilian cento, 161n69 Misenus, 28–29 Moretum, 58, 190n26, 191n32 Moschus, 84 Muses, 34–36, 68, 85–86 Myrtilus, 28, 87 myth, as artistic subject matter in late antiquity, 71–74 Virgil’s attitude toward in Georgics 3, 24, 71, 85–88 Macrobius, and Saturnalia, xvi, 47, 174n130 Maecenas, 182n55, 197n95 Marsyas, 40, 42, 169n65 Martial, 32, 107–08, 181n43 Mavortius (author of Iudicium Paridis), xv, 15, 71–75, 102, 184n66, 201n55 See also Iudicium Paridis Mavortius (author of De Ecclesia), 10, 154n6 See also De Ecclesia Medea (cento by Geta), xv, 7–8, 11, 14, 22, 24–25, 32–38, 40, 42, 46–47, 49–52, 54, 69, 79, 95, 100, 171n82, 171n86, 177n9, 180n35, 180n37, 183n60, 199n22 Medea (character), 13, 32, 35–38, 40–45, 47–49, 51–52, 55, 180n37, 180nn39–40, 185n81, 187n102, 187n109 Medea (Ennius), 41, 48, 51 Medea (Euripides), 41, 48, 51, 184n72 Medea (Ovid), 41–44, 79, 101, 188n112 Medea (Seneca), 41–42, 44–46, 51–52, 79, 101, 180n37, 180n39, 184n76, 207n33 memory instruction, compositio, 11 divisio, 10–11 use of sound in, 17–18 use of symbols in, 13 Narcissus (cento), xv, 29–30, 71, 76–79, 84 Narcissus (character), 54, 73, 78–79 Nemesianus, 174n130, 189n10 Nisus, 34, 198n20 Numitorius, 56, 59, 63, 193n47 See also Virgil, and obtrectatores of Octavian, 85–86 Optatian, 164n19 Orestes, 50, 187n107 Ovid, xvi, xix, 32, 40–44, 46–47, 52, 56, 59–60, 64, 80, 85, 102, 108–109, 153n4, 155n14, 174n130, 184n76, 185n78, 185n80, 188n112, 189n17, 193n55, 204n83 Palinurus, 28–29 Pallas, 198n20 parecbasis, 103–104, 108–109, 210n63 Paris, 15, 21, 54, 73, 97, 207n34 parody, 53–63, 67, 69–70, 104–107, 111–12, 114, 116, 173n112, 188n3, 188nn6–8, 189nn12–17, 190n22, 191n31, 191n32, 192n34, 192n42, 193n46, 193n48, 193nn50–52, 194n58, 211n66, 212n80, 212n82, 214n105 pastiche, 156n24 Paulinus of Nola, 199n23, 209n51 231 INDEX Pelops, 28, 85–87 Pentadius, 73 Pentheus, 42, 44 Petronius, xxii, 32, 56, 59, 104, 107 Phaethon, 35, 44 Philomela, 54, 73, 81–82, 197n3 Pindar, xvi, 155n13 Plato, 108, 178n17 Pliny the Younger, 5, 108, 158n32, 165n34 Plutarch, 207n28, 211n68 Polyphemus, 18, 107, 212n82 polyptoton, 112 Proba, Faltonia Betitia (author of Cento Probae), xv, 33, 155n17, 155n19–20, 160n53, 162n3 Procne, 54, 73, 81, 197n3 Progne et Philomela, xv, 71, 81–83 Propertius, xvi, 32 Pygmalion (brother of Dido), 49, 77 Quintilian, xvi, xviii, xxii, 15, 109, 110, 158n32, 168n58, 181n44, 210n63 repetition, verbal, 14–16 Rhetorica ad Herennium, 15, 17 Salmasianus See codex Salmasianus Sappho, 205n14 Scarron, and Virgile travesti, 59 Seneca the Elder, xxi, xxii, 168n60, 197n95 Seneca the Younger, xxii, 32, 37, 40, 41, 44, 46–47, 51–52, 79, 101, 183n63, 184n76, 185n78 and Hercules Oetaeus, 40 Phaedra, 40 and Troades, 40 Servius, xviii, 47 Sibyl, 56, 59 Sidonius Apollinaris, xxiii, 5, 6, 93, 97, 99–100, 165n27, 209n46, 210n59 simile, 87, 98 Statius, 97, 99–102, 164n25, 191n32, 207n33, 210n60, 210n65 Stephanus, 22 stomaxion, 8–9, 20–21, 167n47 Suetonius, xxii Sulpicius Carthaginiensis, xx Sychaeus, 47–49, 89–90, 203n80 Tacitus, 157n27, 206n23 Tereus, 81– 82 Tertullian, xvi, xvii, 7, 43, 153n4, 155n15, 177nn8–9, 198n12 See also De Praescriptione Haereticorum Themata Vergiliana, xix, 7, 158n30 Theocritus, 207n32 Tisiphone, 86, 180n36 Tonantius, 6, 165n27 Tucca, xx Turnus, xxii, xxiii, 26, 69, 112, 185n81, 198n20 Twelve Wise Men, xx, 194n65, 195n74 See also Lactantius Valentinian, 2, 6, 93–94, 97–98, 104, 153n4, 159n51, 161n1, 165n31, 165n38, 205nn9–10, 211n70 Varius, xx Venantius Fortunatus, 97, 99–101, 164n19, 209n46, 210n59 Venus, 74, 75, 97, 100–102, 109, 207n34, 214n104 Versus ad Gratiam Domini, xv, 160n53 Vespa (author of Iudicium Coci et Pistoris Iudice Vulcano), 59, 62 Virgil, centonists’ attitude toward, 23–24, 62–64, 70, 86, 107–108 and cacemphata, 109–112 language of, 39–40 obtrectatores of, 56, 63, 109–110, 189n18 parody of (non–centonic), 55–56 and schools, xviii–xxi and tragedy, 37, 39, 47–52 See also cento, Aeneid, Eclogues, Georgics ... Virgil Recomposed The Mythological and Secular Centos in Antiquity SCOTT MCGILL Virgil Recomposed The Mythological and Secular Centos in Antiquity Scott McGill 2005 Oxford University Press, Inc.,... creating Virgilian school texts and from writing versified Virgilian ethopoeiae, themata, and summaries In fact, the processes of recasting Virgil in the mythological and secular centos have more in. .. standing for the Eclogues, G for the Georgics, and A for the Aeneid) for each verse segment in each line that I cite This, I recognize, interrupts the flow of the line, with Virgil breaking into