John donne and conformity in crisis in the late jacobean pulpit

JOHN DONNE AND CONFORMITY IN CRISIS IN THE LATE JACOBEAN PULPIT Jeanne Shami D S BREWER Studies in Renaissance Literature Volume 13 JOHN DONNE AND CONFORMITY IN CRISIS IN THE LATE JACOBEAN PULPIT This book considers the professional contribution of John Donne to an emerging homiletic public sphere in the last years of the Jacobean English Church (1621–25), arguing that his sermons embody the conflicts, tensions, and pressures on public religious discourse in this period; while they are in no way “typical” of any particular preaching agenda or style, they articulate these crises in their most complex forms and expose fault lines in the late Jacobean Church The study is framed by Donne’s two most pointed contributions to the public sphere: his sermon defending James I’s Directions to Preachers and his first sermon preached before Charles I in 1625 These two sermons emerge from the crises of controversy, censorship, and identity that converged in the late Jacobean period, and mark Donne’s clearest professional interventions in the public debate about the nature and direction of the Church of England In them, Donne interrogates the boundaries of the public sphere and of his conformity to the institutions, authorities, and traditions governing public debate in that sphere, modelling for his audience an actively engaged conformist identity Professor JEANNE SHAMI teaches in the Department of English at the University of Regina Studies in Renaissance Literature ISSN 1465–6310 Founding Editor John T Shawcross General Editor Graham Parry Editorial Board Helen E Wilcox Graham Parry Paul Stanwood Studies in Renaissance Literature offers investigations of topics in English literature focussed in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; its scope extends from early Tudor writing, including works reflecting medieval concerns, to the Restoration period Studies exploring the interplay between the literature of the English Renaissance and its cultural history are particularly welcomed Proposals or queries should be sent in the first instance to Graham Parry at the address below, or to the publisher; all submissions receive prompt and informed consideration Professor Graham Parry, Department of English, University of York, Heslington, York YO1 5DD, UK Previously published volumes in this series are listed at the back of this volume JOHN DONNE AND CONFORMITY IN CRISIS IN THE LATE JACOBEAN PULPIT Jeanne Shami D S BREWER © Jeanne Shami 2003 All Rights Reserved Except as permitted under current legislation no part of this work may be photocopied, stored in a retrieval system, published, performed in public, adapted, broadcast, transmitted, recorded or reproduced in any form or by any means, without the prior permission of the copyright owner First published 2003 D S Brewer, Cambridge ISBN 85991 789 D S Brewer is an imprint of Boydell & Brewer Ltd PO Box 9, Woodbridge, Suffolk IP12 3DF, UK and of Boydell & Brewer Inc PO Box 41026, Rochester, NY 14604–4126, USA website: www.boydell.co.uk A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Shami, Jeanne John Donne and conformity in crisis in the late Jacobean pulpit / Jeanne Shami p cm – (Studies in Renaissance literature, ISSN 1465–6310 ; v 13) Includes bibliographical references and index ISBN 0–85991–789–4 (alk paper) Donne, John, 1572–1631 – Prose Donne, John, 1572–1631 – Religion Christian literature, English – History and criticism Dissenters, Religious – England – History – 17th century Clergy – England – History – 17th century Sermons, English – History and criticism England – Church history – 17th century I Title II Series: Studies in Renaissance literature (Woodbridge, Suffolk, England) ; v 13 PR2248.S44 2003 828'.308 – dc21 2003005337 This publication is printed on acid-free paper Printed in Great Britain by St Edmundsbury Press Ltd, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk CONTENTS Acknowledgements Abbreviations vii ix “discreet or religious preachers”: John Donne and the late Jacobean Public Sphere “the indiscretion of that foole”: John Knight and the Jacobean Pulpit, 1620–2 36 “the fishing of whales”: John Donne’s Sermons, 1620–2 75 “faire interpretation”: The Directions and the Crisis of Censorship 102 “wise as Serpents, and innocent as Doves”: Zeal and Discretion in the Pulpit, 1623–5 139 “Jesus Wept”: The Journey to Spain and Pulpit Lamentation 166 “blinde buzzards in the choise of a wife”: Sermons and the Moral Marketplace 183 “The Lovesick Spouse”: Parliament, Patriots, and the Public Sphere 212 “Church-quakes”: Post-Parliamentary Faultlines 234 10 “If the Foundations be Destroyed”: Rules of Engagement 256 11 “blessed sobriety”: John Donne, the Public Sphere, and Caroline Conformity 272 Works Cited 284 General Index 297 Index to John Donne References 313 Index to John Donne’s Sermons 317 for without order, an armie is but a great Ryot; and without this decencie, this peaceablenesse, this discretion, this order, zeale is but fury, and such preaching is but to the obduration of ill, not to the edification of good Christians (John Donne, Sermons, IV, 197, sermon defending James’s Directions to Preachers) The publisher gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the President’s Publications Fund, University of Regina, in the production of this volume ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This book is the product of many years of reading, thinking, and writing about John Donne It is not the last word on the subject of Donne’s Jacobean career, nor is it likely to be my final foray into the rich world of Tudor and Stuart sermons It is a book that would not have been possible without the assistance of a number of people and institutions, mentioned below What is lacking in this study is entirely my responsibility, but it has been immeasurably improved by the support I acknowledge here First, to my parents I owe the largest debt Their trust in my abilities and my judgment and their confidence in whatever I accomplished, however small, has given me the courage to take on big tasks Their work ethic has been my inspiration I was introduced to the study of Renaissance literature at the University of Western Ontario by two great minds and incomparable teachers: Balachandra Rajan and Arthur Barker At the University of Toronto, Hugh MacCallum provided a steady and judicious eye to my studies And over the course of 20 years, the John Donne Society has been the source of my most long-lasting friendships and collaborations Dennis Flynn, Tom Hester, Dayton Haskin, Gary Stringer, Ernie Sullivan, and Achsah Guibbory have supported my work and my spirit, and have pushed me to think about Donne’s sermons in new ways I owe them a tremendous debt of gratitude Other colleagues have also been supportive in scholarly and intellectual as well as other ways I cannot name them all, but would like to thank Peter Beal, Martin Butler, Tom Cogswell, David Colclough, Dan Doerksen, Ken Fincham, Jeff Johnson, Peter Lake, Peter McCullough, Anthony Milton, Mary Papazian, Annabel Patterson, and Michael Questier for their ready assistance and the inspiration of their own scholarship on my project Annabel Robinson and Cameron Louis of the University of Regina assisted me with Latin translations of some materials in this book, and Donna Achtzehner and Jennifer Elliott, former graduate students at the University of Regina, thought through some parts of Chapter with me The editors at Boydell & Brewer have been encouraging, helpful, and professional in their handling of this manuscript I want to thank Caroline Palmer and Pru Harrison of the press, and, in particular, Susan Dykstra-Poel for her friendship and support for this project The University of Regina has assisted me over the years in many ways: sabbatical leaves, research grants, and in the last months financial assistance in the form of a publication subvention from the President’s Publication Fund Mostly, I want to thank the former Dean of Arts, Dr Murray Knuttila, for indulging this long project and for making the University of Regina a supportive base from which to conduct the research that has gone into this book Acknowledgements The Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada has assisted with research grants to support this project, as has the Bibliographical Society of America, and I thank them To the staff of the major research libraries where I have conducted this research I owe considerable debts of gratitude Here I would like to acknowledge the British Library (and especially Dr Hilton Kelliher, former Curator of Western Manuscripts), the Cambridge University Library, the Bodleian Library, Lambeth Palace Library, St Paul’s Cathedral Library, the National Library of Scotland, the Public Record Office, and the Folger Shakespeare Library None of this work, however, could have been accomplished without the assistance of the Interlibrary Loan Department of the University of Regina, especially Marion Lake and Susan Robertson-Krezel Finally, to my family, Ken, Andrew, and Julia Mitchell, I owe the greatest debt They have supported my obsession with Donne and with early modern sermons for too long now – Julia since before she was born! If, as Donne says, this world is a parenthesis, they have filled it immeasurably and enriched the grammar of my life viii ABBREVIATIONS BL CSPD CSPV CUL ELH JEGP LIT PBSA PMLA PRO SP British Library Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Calendar of State Papers, Venetian Cambridge University Library English Literary History Journal of English and Germanic Philology Literature, Interpretation, Theory Publications of the Bibliographical Society of America Publications of the Modern Language Association of America Public Record Office State Papers General Index conversion, converts (continued) through preaching 55, 58, 106, 119, 258 to Anabaptism 119 to Calvinism 217 to popery 111, 119, 120, 186 to separatism 119 Conway, Edward 65, 124, 169, 184, 185, 207 n.75 Cooper, J P 203 n.66 Cooper, Robert 202 n.58 and n.59, 208–9, 210 Corbet, Richard, bishop of Norwich 213 n.9 Corshes, Mr 168 Corthell, Ron n.29, 115 n.46 Cosin, John 244 n.13, 257 n.6 Cottington, Francis 208 Council of Trent see also anti-papist rhetoric; Jesuits; papist-puritan rhetoric; and antipapist rhetoric under John Donne, rhetoric of 58, 65, 199, 216, 239, 246 as conventicle 199, 250 counter-Reformation see also Council of Trent; Jesuits; Church of Rome 37, 84, 99, 139, 160–1, 165, 246 Crakanthorp, Richard 67 Cranfield, Lionel 122, 181 n.40, 229 Crosfield, Thomas 111 n.31 Crystal and Davy 21 n.77 Curll, Walter 48, 49–50 Cust, Richard 4, 17 and n.63 Daley, Koos 132 n.102, 202 n.57 Danvers, Lord and Lady (Magdalen Herbert) 77 Davenant, John 59 n.89, 231 n.43 Davenport, John 65–6, 124 Davies, Godfrey n.5, Davies, Horton n.36 Davies, John Conway n.6 Davies, Julian 123 Denison, John 70, 71–2 Denison, Mr [Stephen] 256 n.3 Dering, Edward 215 descent into hell, doctrine of 180 and n.37, 281 Calvinist vs Lutheran interpretations 180 n.37 parameters of the dispute 180 n.38 DeVere, Henry, Earl of Oxford 45 D’Ewes, Simonds 3, 46 n.55, 48, 107–8 and n.21, 109–10 and n.27, 111, 166, 168, 177, 183, 202 n.57, 215 n.12, 219 and n.21, 257 n.5, 264 Digby, John, Earl of Bristol 208 Directions to Preachers see also censorship; controversy; matters of state under sermons; rules governing discourse under public sphere; sermon defending Directions under John Donne 1, 257 catechetical impulse of 110, 114, 118, 121, 144, 198, 232–3 and n.50, 245 consequences of 302 conflict between conscience and authority 18, 100–01, 116, 188, 224 efforts of moderation 35, 216 elevation of ceremonial debates to fundamental rather than indifferent status 150, 213 n.9, 223 increased catechizing 121, 127, 169, 199, 231, 233 and n.50 increased preaching 199, 218, 232 increasing subtlety of exegesis 125 modulation of anti-puritan into antiseparatist rhetoric 149 opening of space for anti-Calvinist sermons 116, 118, 196 polarizing of religious positions 17, 118, 125, 139, 148, 184, 195, 221 reduction of controversial sermons 116, 121, 123, 124, 169, 211 reduction of Sunday sermons 110, 113, 117 n.52, 121, 123, 124, 129, 231–2 restoring order 102, 113, 116, 118, 119, 120, 123, 211 self-censorship 35 enforcement of 1, 13–14, 15, 105–6, 108, 109, 119, 121, 122, 123, 168–9, 183, 230–3, 231 and n.43 control of public sphere 53, 116, 186, 188, 196, 199, 211, 216, 230–3 ineffectual 123, 124, 249 n.24 immediate causes of 13, 15, 40, 46, 100, 102, 113, 120, 234 homiletic context 102–05 implementation of 105–6, 107–8, 115, 125–6, 175 in context of James’s foreign policy 113, 119–20, 124 interpretations of before Donne’s sermon 41 immediate 109–11, 112, 115, 116 misinterpretations and distortions 115, 117–20, 221, 222 modern 117, 123–4 seventeenth-century 116, 118–23 popular perception of their intentions to curb controversial divinity 53, 119, 120, 123, 136, 139 to curb number and content of sermons 75 n.3, 106, 112, 113, 125 to beat down popery 110 to encourage rapprochement with Catholics 75 n.3, 110, 116 to quell Arminianism 119 to repress lecturers 117 n.52, 119, 120, 122, 169, 230 and n.40 to stifle criticism of the state (sedition) 119–20 to substitute the catechism for preaching 121, 123, 144 General Index proscribed topics 53, 198 deep points of reformed theology 53, 67, 70, 119–120, 121, 124, 136, 152, 153, 211, 276 exception made for deans and bishops 121, 143, 154 matters of state 1, 67, 74, 107, 108, 109 n.27, 118, 119, 124, 127, 139, 166, 175, 211, 240, 276 personal revilings or slanders see also antipuritan rhetoric; puritan 67, 108–9, 113, 118, 119–20, 122, 124, 127, 139, 145, 146, 149, 152, 196, 276 virulent anti-papism see also anti-papist rhetoric 63, 102, 108–9, 139, 146, 149, 196–7 discretion see also zeal; and discretion under John Donne; moderation 50, 57, 106, 112 n.37, 121, 145 and n.10, 165, 189, 193, 197, 230, 253 indiscretion 1, 13, 39, 44, 47, 109, 119, 120, 169, 213 n.9, 252 Doerksen, Daniel n.38, 21 n.75, 210 Donatists 66 Doncaster embassy see relations with Donne under Hay Donne, Daniel 64 n.98, 102, 104–5, 137 n.11 Dort, Synod of 16, 20, 38, 100, 120, 123, 177, 180, 215 n.12, 274 n.5, 275 Calvinist resolutions of 49, 65, 246, 257, 274, 279, 281 hypothetical universalism 244–5, 277, 283 importing controversy from 121, 274 contrasted with Council of Trent 65, 276–7, 281, 283 Donne’s medal 10, 79 harmony of confessions 272 and n.2 interpretive latitude 281 labour of consensus 272 and n.2, 277, 279, 281 opposition to personal condemnations 272 n.2, 278 sobriety of English delegates 275, 276–7, 281, 283 Dove, John 231 n.43 Drury, Robert, Jesuit 183 n.4 Dudley, Robert, Earl of Leicester 188 n.30 Durham House group see under Neile Dutch East India Company 257–8 Dyke, Jeremy 150–1 Eales, Jacqueline 213 Edward VI, king of England 171, 195 election, doctrine of see also theology of grace under John Donne; theology of grace under Arminian, Arminianism 53–4, 67, 118, 120, 144, 152, 153, 170, 200, 248–9, 250 as a chain 155, 199 inner and outer 154 man’s will as God’s instrument 249 Elector Palatine (Frederick, King of Bohemia) 1, 37, 39, 78, 83 n.28, 84, 113, 166, 182, 209, 215, 268 Eliot, T S 7, Elizabeth I (Queen of England) 5, 103 and n.4, 164–5, 169, 171, 218, 220, 225 as Deborah 200 Elizabeth (of Bohemia, daughter of James I) 1, 39, 84, 113, 166, 181–2, 209, 215, 268 relations with Donne 114, 204 and n.67 Elton, Edward works burned at Paul’s Cross 256 Erskine, John, Earl of Mar 170, 207 n.75, 209 Erskine, Thomas, Earl of Kellie 170, 207 n.75, 209 Esther and conscience 93 and resistance to lawful authority 93, 236–7 eucharist administration of 257 lawfulness of private 256 n.3 eucharistic presence, doctrine of 62–3, 164, 221 transubstantiation 164, 197, 217 ubiquitarianism 164, 221 Eusden, John 81 n.21 Evans, Robert 282 Everard, John 43, 44, 106–7, 109, 112 n.33, 167–8, 213 exegesis, scriptural battles for interpretive control 37, 41, 53, 67, 74, 140, 146, 152, 186, 188, 216, 222 double construction 185, 222 preacher’s intention 37, 38, 44 commentary on the literal sense 44, 54, 55, 117, 122, 124–5, 140 and n.3, 168, 180, 193–4, 247 interpretive self-consciousness 53–5 interpretive strategies analogy 12, 18, 45, 55, 108, 174, 192, 237 application of Biblical texts and examples 18, 51, 54, 57, 60, 108, 110, 122, 124, 145, 152, 168, 177, 182, 191, 192, 200–2, 212 n.3, 229 separation of exegesis from application 107, 111–12, 124, 125 topical application 44, 48, 70–4, 108, 139, 160–5, 172, 180, 186, 192, 204, 215 and n.13, 230 and n.38, 236, 239, 240, 241, 247, 251, 257–8, 264–5, 268 choice of text 18, 39–40, 42, 69, 73, 106–7, 109 n.27, 123 and n.76, 125–6, 133, 153, 169, 174, 185, 222, 236, 249, 264, 265 gestures and oral delivery 45 whole rule of scriptures 141 partisan interpretations 50, 141 Exeter, Earl of, see Cecil 303 General Index Family of Love (familists) 199 Featley, Daniel 62, 63, 185 Ferrell, Lori Anne n.4, n.27, n.34, 17, 18 n.67, 21 n.75, 58, 59 n.86, 78 and n.12, 102 n.2 Ferrell, Lori Anne and Peter McCullough n.4, n.27, n.36 Fincham, Kenneth n.25, 13, 15, 16 n.60, 17, 78 and n.12 and n.13, 123 and n.80, 231 and n.42 and n.43 Fincham, Kenneth and Peter Lake 16 n.60, 38 n.8 Fisher, John, the Jesuit, see John Percy forced loan (1626) 17, 59 Flynn, Dennis 10 n.40–41, 25 n.99, 41 n.26, 178 n.35, 203 n.62 Foster, Andrew 42 n.33 French match 139, 160, 205, 213, 214 and n.11, 229, 230, 234, 241–2, 246, 256, 257, 259–60 Frost, Kate Gartner 202 n.58, 203 n.65, 204–5, 206 n.72, 210 Fuller, Thomas 120–23 and n.72 and 76 Gardiner, Richard 48, 51–2 Gardiner, Samuel R 36 n.2, 41 n.28, 46 n.53, 47, 170, 207 n.74, 208 n.77, 209 n.80 Garnons, John 213 n.9 Gataker, Thomas 7, 10, 17, 52–3, 69 n.111, 70–1, 77, 81, 147–8, 149, 160, 163 and n.39, 200–2, 211, 256, 257 relations with Donne 10, 77 Gee, Edward 69, 112 Gee, John 194–5, 250–2 Gifford, Dr 168 Gifford, William 91 glorification, doctrine of 155, 171, 199–200 Goad, Thomas 36 n.1 Goldberg, Jonathan 22 n.83, 267 Goodyer, Henry 41, 77, 79, 114, 204 n.67 Goodyer, Lucy (marriage to Sir Francis Nethersole) 40–1 and n.27 Gosse, Edmund, 112, 203 n.64 Gouge, William 195–6 Gowry conspiracy 6, 18, 60, 72, 102–04, 211, 247–8 Gray, Dave 158 n.32, 172 n.25, 202 n.58 Grey of Ruthyn, Henry, Earl of Kent relations with Donne 79 Guibbory, Achsah n.34, n.38, 10 n.39 and 42, 18–19, 19 n.68, 25 n.99, 31 n.115, 78 n.12, 87 n.32, 244–5, 280 n.20 Gunpowder Plot n.3, 6, 18, 29, 33 and n.119, 34, 42–3, 54, 59, 60, 68, 72, 99, 102 and n.1, 130–4, 142, 147 n.15, 196, 218, 225, 251 Hacket, John 49 n.68, 120, 123 Hakewill, George 78 Hales, John 45 Hall, Joseph n.7, 7, n.36, 15, 16, 17, 18, 40 n.25, 59 n.89, 80 n.18, 115–16, 147, 171–2, 174, 186–8, 189–90, 197, 201, 211, 214 n.10, 215–6, 217 n.19, 218, 234, 238–41, 248 n.23, 255 relations with Donne 79, 115 Hall, Robert 216 Hamilton, James, Marquis of 164 Harley, Lady Brilliana 201 Harley, Sir Robert 201, 213 Harris, Robert 69, 161, 237 n.6 Harsnett, Samuel, Bishop 230–3, 274 n.3 Haskin, Dayton 24 n.92, 35 n.121, 135 n.104, 136 Hay, James, Viscount Doncaster and Earl of Carlisle 207 n.75, 234 relations with Donne 25 n.101, 75, 78–9, 102 n.1, 202 n.59 Hayes, William 236–7 Henriette Marie, of France, bride of Charles I 256 marriage articles 241 Henry, Prince of Wales militant Protestantism of 161, 188, 257 n.7, 263 n.14 style of patronage 6, 263, 264, 265 Henry VIII, king of England 195 Herbert, William, Earl of Pembroke 186 and n.24, 224 n.31, 265 heresy, heretic see also errors of under Church of Rome; anti-papist rhetoric under John Donne, rhetoric of 5, 37, 70, 141, 159, 161, 199, 275 heretic as label 15, 17, 27, 32, 45, 71, 76, 190, 199, 226, 240, 242, 275 Hering, Theodore 153, 160 Hester, M Thomas 10 n.40, 25 n.99 Heylyn, Peter 46, 112 n.37, 117 and n.51, 118, 119–20, 122 n.72, 123, 274 n.5 Hezekiah 65, 103 n.4, 126–8 and prayer 127 as pattern of godly religious behaviour 126, 203–5, 238 as governor of the Church 127, 238 High Commission 10, 13, 21, 43, 213, 240 Hinton, Mr 111 n.21 Hobart, Sir Henry 52, 77, 104 Hodson, Phineas 265, 268 Holland, Randolph 257 n.5 Holyday, Barten 180 n.37, 263 Hoskyns, John 77 Howson, John, Bishop 105, 263 Hughes, John 58–9 Hunt, Anthony 75–6 Hunt, Arnold n.6 Huntley, Frank Hurd, Edward 47–8 Hus, John 195 304 General Index Huygens, Constantijn 132 n.102 Hyde, Edward, Lord Clarendon 120, 122 Infanta Maria see under Spain interpretation see exegesis Jackson, Thomas 189–91, 197, 211 Jacobsen, Kenneth 220 n.27 James I, King of England see also authority and Arminianism 38–9, 123, 167, 185–6, 231 and censorship 4, 13, 36–41, 45–8, 59, 61, 107, 166–7, 168, 185, 186, 206, 231 and Directions 12, 13, 105–7, 110, 111, 113–14, 115, 118–19, 123, 127, 128, 136, 138, 184, 245 and patronage of preachers 5–6, 65, 108–9, 138, 178, 193, 205, 224, 263, 268 confessional inclusivity of 5, 6, 17, 58, 263 and policies regarding Catholics 1, 98, 106, 111, 129, 131, 132, 133–4, 148, 169, 170, 184, 196, 220, 232, 234, 246 penal laws 34, 35, 61, 63, 67, 68, 99, 100, 106 n.14, 112, 132, 133, 166, 194, 196, 218, 219–20, 237, 246, 256, 259–60 anti-puritanism of 65, 231 as consultative 237–8 as ecclesiastical authority 67, 127, 128, 139, 185, 239, 263 as exemplar 48–9, 72–3, 127, 129, 133, 164–5, 171, 174, 192, 235, 236, 241, 266–7, 268–9 as via media 73, 265 as Solomon 51, 115–16, 200, 240, 242, 247, 266–7, 268–9 attendance at sermons 38, 41, 72–3, 94, 134, 167, 169, 177, 180, 185, 219, 237, 240, 245, 268 counselors of 129, 164, 184, 185, 206, 240, 241, 264 death of 19, 139, 257, 263–4, 269 sermons marking the occasion 257, 263–269 fear of relapse 40, 42, 49, 98–9, 111, 129, 170, 259 constancy in the reformed religion 49, 61, 64, 84, 110–11, 114, 119, 127, 132, 164, 171, 193, 198, 205, 211, 233, 241, 264, 268, 269 foreign policy of 13, 111, 119, 134, 148, 186, 191, 198, 269 peace policy 48, 50, 71–2, 84, 96, 112, 113, 126 n.97, 136, 162, 165, 169, 188–9, 192, 199–200, 204 n.67, 211, 212, 214, 239, 240, 241, 247, 268, 269 Spanish policy 4, 37, 99, 100, 117, 120, 124, 131, 136, 166, 168, 184, 186–8, 192, 204 n.67, 212, 223 praise of 49, 50, 51, 73, 103 n.5, 127, 129, 187, 192, 237, 240, 248, 263, 267, 268–9 relations with Donne 23, 24, 266–7 settling of Church (peace and religious unity) 128, 237–8, 241, 263 settling of state 263 writings of 58, 68, 73, 109, 119, 133, 146, 164–5, 168, 198, 202, 268 Jemmatt, William 144 Jenison, Robert 42 Jesuits 58, 102, 106, 118, 129, 147, 162, 164, 171, 183 n.4, 185, 189, 190, 193, 194, 195, 215, 234, 235, 237, 251, 264 and politics 51, 54 n.76, 59, 64, 104, 169, 199, 209, 229 elided with puritans 52 Jesuitesses 251 Jews, Judaism 128, 151–2, 190, 219, 220–1, 242, 243, 253, 259–60 Johnson, Jeffrey n.34, 10 n.41, 20 n.71 and 72, 25 n.101, 27 n.105, 207 n.76, 244 n.14 Johnson, Robert 192–3, 211 Jones, Inigo 169 Judson, Margaret 133 justification, doctrine of 54, 155, 164, 171, 199, 200, 239, 250, 276 Kellie, Earl of see Erskine Kelliher, Hilton 274 n.3 Kent, Earl of see Grey Ker, Sir Robert, Earl of Ancrum relations with Donne 79, 203, 204 n.67 King, Henry 57–8, 64, 79 King, John, Bishop of London (to 1621) 41 and n.27, 64 and n.98, 72–3, 78, 79, 102, 216 King of Bohemia see Elector Palatine Kirk, Rudolph 115 n.47 Klemp, P J n.3, n.28 Klotz, Edith n.5 Kneidel, Greg 260 n.11, 261 Knight, John 36, 45–8, 105, 234 official reporting of the incident 46–7 sermons surrounding the case 48–53 Lake, Arthur 78, 154, 231 n.43 Lake, Peter and n.36, 11, 15, 16 n.60, 17, 18, 26 n.104, 37 n.6, 66, 78 and n.12, 135 n.107, 158 n.31, 197 n.54, 203 n.62, 252 n.28 Lake, Peter and Michael Questier n.1, n.9, n.15, 19 n.70, 146 n.12, 183 n.3, 186 n.19 Lambert, Sheila 13 n.50, 14 lamentation (as a theme in sermons) 160, 176–7, 264–5 discourse of weeping 175, 176–7, 182, 225, 264 uses of affliction 160, 248, 264–5 Lapworth, Edward 155 Larkin, James 274 n.4 305 General Index Laud, William 5, 9, 10 and n.42, 18, 25, 37, 46, 48–9, 52, 112 n.37, 115, 118, 135 n.108, 185, 213, 219 n.21, 244 and n.13, 263 and Directions 123 Arminianism of 49, 257 relations with Donne 9, 10, 77, 79 Laudianism 14, 16, 19 n.68, 49, 63, 78, 119, 146, 211, 257, 279, 280 n.22 anti-Laudianism 59, 118, 135 n.108, 213–14 and n.9 Lawrence, John 159, 224–5 Lee, Richard 217–18 Leicester, Earl of see Dudley Levy, F J n.8 Levy-Navarro, Elena 20 n.72, 267 Lewalski, Barbara n.36 Ley, Roger 40 n.25 Lindsell, Augustine 257 n.6 Locke, Thomas 185 n.17 Loe, William 102 n.1, 128–9, 182 n.41, 188–9 London, Bishop of see Montaigne Lossky, Nicholas n.28, 103 Lougher, Robert 159 Love, Harold 102 n.1 Love, Richard 213 n.9 Love, William 102 n.1 Lucy, William 48, 167 n.4, 257 luke-warmness see under moderation Lumley, Martin 224 Lushington, Thomas 220–2 Luther, Martin 24, 64, 72, 82, 87, 133, 152, 180 n.37 and Donne 31, 87, 278 Lutherans, Lutheranism 221, 278 Lutheran as label 16, 31, 151, 152, 216, 217 Machiavelli, Nicolo 71, 150, 217 Maclure, Millar 5, 37 n.5, 169 n.15, 212 Maie, Edward 62–3, 66, 76 Manicheans 278, 279, 280 Manwaring, Roger 17, 59 n.85 Mar, Earl of see Erskine Marotti, Arthur 28 n.108, 29 n.113, 99, 102 n.1 Marprelate, Martin 51 n.73, 69 marriage (as topic of sermons and pamphlets) see also French match; discussion of Spanish Match under sermons, discussion of matters of state; Spanish match under Spain 39, 40–1, 73, 93, 139, 160, 163–4, 174–5 and n.31, 178, 182, 200–02, 211, 212–13 between Christ and his Church 163, 182, 214–15 and n.10, 241 with idolaters 42, 43, 44, 60, 163, 168, 174, 241, 247, 260 Marten, Henry 107 Martz, Louis 245 n.17 Mary I, queen of England 190, 200 Masselink, Noralyn 143 n.6 Matthew, Toby, Archbishop of York 111, 231 n.43 Matthew, Toby, Jr 111, 202 n.57 Mawe, Leonard 168, 274 n.3 McCabe, Richard 186 n.25, 187 McCullough, Peter see also Ferrell, Lori Anne and Peter McCullough n.4, 5, 6, n.27–28, n.34, 20 n.73, 34 n.120, 37, 38, 49 n.71, 134 and n.104, 147 n.16, 167 n.2, 168, 188, 213, 219 n.22, 220 n.26, 241, 257 n.7, 263 and n.14, 265, 280 McIlwain, Charles 202 n.61 Mead, Joseph 42, 43 and n.35, 44, 108, 112 n.33, 125, 167, 168, 169, 185, 256 Melanchthon, Philip 216 and Donne 278–9 and n.17 Meroz, curse of 61, 69–70 and n.111, 71 Michel, Sir Francis 91 Middleton, Thomas A Game At Chesse 194, 237 and n.6, 246 Milton, Anthony n.36, 14, 15, 16 and n.60 and 62, 17, 19, 20 n.71, 24, 25, 26 n.103 and 104, 27 n.106, 28 n.108, 36 n.1, 39 n.15, 42 and n.33, 47 n.59, 58, 59 and n.89, 62–3, 69 n.111, 72, 81 n.20, 86 n.30, 87 n.32, 108 n.25, 213 n.9, 236 n.3, 270 n.30, 273 n.2, 276 n.13, 278 n.17, 279 moderation see also conformity; papist-puritan rhetoric; peace; public sphere; see also conformity of, moderation of, rhetoric of (especially rhetorical “middle way”) under John Donne as Christian liberty 252–3 distinguished from private interpretations 252 distinguished from Roman superstitions 253 as establishing priorities 61, 72 as reconciling impossible opposites 137, 221, 235, 236, 247 difficulty in defining 17, 19 n.70, 273 as “Ambi-dexters” 148 as luke-warmness 61, 71, 144, 155, 159, 190–1, 197, 229 as neutrality 70, 109, 112, 118, 191, 235, 236 as spiritual weakness 148 as timeserving 148, 230 middle ground 5, 12, 15, 16, 17 and n.63, 19 n.70, 24, 58, 64, 65, 72, 73, 112, 120, 221, 245, 252–3 “moderate” as prized name 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 61, 64, 82, 115, 219–20, 238 sobriety see also Dort, Synod of “Rule of sobrietie” 120, 127, 274 and n.4 tactical 9, 18 and n.67, 73, 115, 120, 194 and n.41, 216, 219, 246 as strategy for marginalizing opponents 15, 18–19, 62, 72 associated with licensing 19, 196 Mompesson, Sir Giles 91 306 General Index Montaigne, George, Bishop of London 40, 44, 107, 124, 125–6, 134 n.104, 167, 169, 274 n.3 Montagu, Richard 9, 10 and n.42, 16, 31 n.115, 66, 78 n.12, 87 n.32, 152 n.24, 154 n.28, 244–5, 257 and n.6, 272 n.2, 274, 275, 276 and n.13, 277, 278 n.17, 281, 282, 283 Morrison, Sir Richard 224 Morrissey, Mary n.2, n.4, 5, n.26, n.27, 7–8, and n.34, n.36, 112 n.34, 113 and n.39, 114 n.40 and 41, 124 Morton, Sir Albertus 78 Morton, Thomas 59 n.89, 78, 266 n.21, 276 Mueller, Janel 205 n.70, 210 Myriell, Thomas 164, 170–1, 174, 257–8 Narveson, Kate 18 n.65, 23–4, 210–11 negative popery 26 and n.103, 63, 154 and n.28, 224, 236 Neile, Richard 10, 42 n.33 Durham House Group 77–8, 257, 274 n.5, 276 relations with Donne 10, 77, 79 Nethersole, Sir Francis 40–1 Nicholls, David 207 n.76, 244 n.14 nonconformity see under conformity Norbrook, David 19 n.68, 77 n.9, 107 and n.17 Northumberland, Earl of see Percy Oath of Allegiance 30 n.114, 37, 62, 75 n.3, 106, 108, 222 Oath of Supremacy 37, 90, 92, 106, 117 n.52, 236 obedience see authority Old Archdeaconry of St Albans 107 and n 16 Olivares, Gaspar de Guzman, Count of 204 n.67 order (as a theme in sermons) see also authority 51, 56, 64, 67–70, 72, 102–5, 113, 144, 170–1, 248, 255 and disorder 59, 63, 69, 120 state as body politic 6, 67, 69, 71, 92, 103, 225, 239, 240, 247 Oxford, Bishop of see Howson Oxford, Earl of see DeVere Palatinate see discussion of the Palatinate under sermons, and matters of state; affairs in the Palatinate under Thirty Years’ War; politics of under John Donne Palmer, James 188 n.30 Papazian, Mary (Arshagouni) 23 and n.86, 202 n.58 and n.59, 208–10, 209 n.83 papist-puritan rhetoric see also anti-papist rhetoric; anti-puritan rhetoric; papistpuritan rhetoric under John Donne, rhetoric of 122, 221 James I’s ecclesiastical policy 28 n.107, 64, 104, 108–9, 119, 120, 146, 156, 178, 238, 273 papist-protestant as label 147 n.15, 217 papist-separatist variation 140, 149, 242, 245 polarization on ceremonial issues 150–2, 213 n.9, 252 used to establish identity of Church of England 53, 105, 149–50, 154, 171, 238, 252–3 used to identify extremists 51, 57, 59, 70, 72, 79, 104, 127, 146, 150, 153, 229, 250, 252 Pareus 45 works burned at Paul’s Cross 45–7 parliament 73, 165, 184, 203 n.62, 217, 218, 274 n.5 (1614) 77 (1621) 37, 53, 61–2, 66, 73, 100, 212 (1624) 147 n.15, 181 n.40, 194, 211, 212 and n.3, 218, 219, 220, 223, 224 and n.31, 225, 229, 230, 231, 232, 234 and n.1, 235, 237, 242, 244, 246, 256 (1626) 10, 275, 277, 282 Paton, Henry 170, 207 n.75, 209 n.80 patriot coalition 186, 189, 193, 202, 211, 212, 213, 217, 218, 220, 224, 229, 231, 234, 237 Patterson, Annabel n.34, 10 n.39, 13 n.50, 22 n.83, 77 and n.9, 83 n.27, 112, 114, 203, 204 n.67 Patterson, W B 20 n.71, 123, 273 n.2, 277 n.14, 278 peace see also controversy; discretion; foreign policy of under James I; security; see also controversy; discretion under John Donne 240 as absence of controversy 33, 62, 70, 71–2, 79, 84–5, 87, 94, 95–6, 136, 169, 216, 224, 231, 248, 255 as controversial topic 223–4 as refraining from personal revilings 33, 76, 79, 108–9, 113, 119–20, 124, 127, 145, 152 as religious unity 242–6, 247, 255 as war 144, 165, 189, 192, 200, 239–41 blessings of 49–50, 71–2, 96, 126, 161–2, 171, 191, 241 civil and ecclesiastical 50, 59, 87, 239 of conscience 73, 87, 126 n.97, 200 Peacham, Edmond 36–7, 38, 102 n.1 Pelagianism, Pelagius see also Arminian, Arminianism 19 n.68, 64, 65, 72, 87, 152, 153, 209 and n.83, 215 and n.12, 273, 275 and n.6, 276 n.13, 278, 279, 280, 283 semi-Pelagianism 49, 66, 250, 276 n.13 Peltonen, Markku 203 n.62 Pembroke, Earl of see Herbert penal laws, see policies regarding Catholics under James I Percy, Henry, Earl of Northumberland relations with Donne 25 n.101 Percy, John, the Jesuit (alias Fisher) 183, 185–6 Percy-Fisher debates see under public sphere 307 General Index perseverance, doctrine of 49, 54, 120, 124, 153, 248, 276 Peters, Robert 107 n.16 Petley, Elias 126–8, 137 n.111, 204 Petrie, Sir Charles 207 n.73, 208 n.77 Phelips, Robert 77 Philip IV, king of Spain 166, 184 Phillips, Jerome 163 Phillips, John 155–6 Phillips, Samuel 44 Pierce (Piers), William, Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University 220 Poland (Polonia) bad effects of toleration there 60 spiritual exemplar 189 Potter, George and Evelyn Simpson 41 n.26, 82 n.25, 83 n.26 and 28, 85, 86, 88, 97, 137, 156 n.30, 172 n.26, 175, 178, 179 preaching see under censorship; Directions to Preachers; exegesis; public sphere; sermons; see also under sermons of and principles of exegesis under John Donne predestination, doctrine of 67, 135–6, 170–1, 278 n.17 censorship of doctrinal discussion 38, 53, 121, 122, 152, 153, 211, 274 and n.4 disputes about God’s secret will 65, 70 experimental 153 Preston, John 39–40, 65, 77, 81 and n.21, 124, 138 Preston, Richard 149 Price, Daniel 263–5, 268 Price, Sampson 162 Price, Theodore 43–4 Prideaux, John 7, 47 n.59, 54, 56 and n.81, 59–61, 65, 72, 147, 150, 184, 237–8, 242, 257 Primerose, Gilbert 144–5, 161–2, 164 Prior, Gerald 40 Proctor, William 249 providentialism see also Blackfriar’s disaster; thanksgiving, discourse of 160, 181–2, 183, 188, 193, 195–6, 201, 222, 258 anti-Catholic 43 and n.34, 188, 191–2, 194, 218, 225, 251–2 puritan 153, 196, 201 public sphere as site for conversion of hearers see also conversion in General Index and under John Donne 58, 78 battle for control of n.37, 15, 37, 45–8, 59, 61, 63–4, 69, 109, 220–2 battle for interpretive control of doctrinal issues 15, 35, 53, 55–6, 67, 72, 105, 114, 140, 143, 186, 258 battle for interpretive control of matters of state 188, 200 battle for interpretive control of public events 194–8, 220–2 heightened stakes of publicly debated topics 141,146, 155, 183–4, 268 impact of private words on 36, 117, 184 origins at the establishment’s center n.15, 235, 239, 253–5 Percy-Fisher debates 185–6 pressures shaping it see also censorship; controversy; Directions to Preachers 12, 100, 114, 170–3, 183, 198, 263–9 public witness to beliefs 139, 143, 186, 250 reporting of sermons 41, 116 role of hearers in 41, 56–7, 58, 114, 171–2, 177, 239, 257 and n.6 role of international synods in 216, 240 role of parliament in 220, 231–3, 235–6, 237, 256, 257, 274 n.5, 277 role of pulpit in construction of see also exegesis; sermons; controversy in General Index and principles of exegesis; rhetoric of; sermons of under John Donne and n.1, 3–5, 17, 40–1, 59, 62, 109, 183 role of pulpit in forming public opinion 82, 146 n.12, 220–1, 245 rules governing discourse in 20, 53 rumour in 41, 50, 64, 84, 91, 106 n.13, 119, 166, 171, 183, 205–7, 207 n.74, 230, 240 Purchas, Samuel 102, 103–4, 105 puritan, puritanism see also anti-puritan rhetoric; papist-puritan rhetoric in General Index and rhetoric of under John Donne Index as place on religious spectrum 5, 10, 15, 31 as threat to political order 30, 46, 51, 57, 65, 72, 118, 119 preaching of excessive 65, 120 factious 46, 65, 150 gadding 111, 149 seditious 51, 57, 65, 119, 169 turbulent 51, 169 Questier, Michael see also Lake, Peter and Michael Questier 17, 20 n.73, 30 n.114, 34 n.120, 40 n.20, 78 n.12, 147, 194–5 Ramsay, John, Viscount Holderness 104, 108 Randes, Richard 44 Rawley, William 180–1 Rawlinson, John 163 n.39, 178 Reading, John 66 real presence see eucharistic presence, doctrine of recusant see also under anti-papist rhetoric, papist-puritan rhetoric, and under John Donne, rhetoric of 219–20, 235, 236 as label for non-conforming Catholics 17, 20, 59, 146, 149–50, 170, 193, 217–18, 219, 235, 242 308 General Index as metaphor 227 elided with church-papism 34, 155, 217, 230 “occasional” recusancy 155 elided with Puritanism 59, 150 elided with separatism 20, 34 n.120, 127, 149–50 associated with women 61, 127, 194, 235 religious distinguished from political 106, 170, 250 Reeve, Thomas 191–2 Reformation, English 16, 20, 25, 37, 238, 243 as apostasy 235 as providential narrative 195, 222 betrayed by moderates 148 injunctions against labeling 76 separation from Rome 28, 35, 216, 235 as circumcision 33 as plague 32, 81 n.20, 88, 246 as necessary departure rather than separation 61, 72, 88, 216, 246 Church before Luther 24–5 Reidy, Maurice n.28 Remonstrant as confessional label 16, 215 n.12 repentance, doctrine of 164, 190, 265 reprobation, doctrine of see also under Church of England; theology of grace under John Donne 67, 118, 144, 152, 153, 221, 249 Rich, Henry, Lord Kensington, Earl of Holland 43, 213, 214, 215, 241 Richardson, John 169 Roe, Sir Thomas 130–1 Rowlandson, James 149, 150 Rowles, Mr 256 n.3 Rudyerd, Sir Benjamin 224 and n.31 Ruigh, Robert 207 n.75, 209 n.80 Sadlier, Anne sanctification, doctrine of 155, 164, 199–200, 239, 250 Sanderson, Robert 7, n.36, 17, 18, 54, 55, 57, 58, 66, 252–3, 255 Sanderson, William 119 Sarpi, Paoli 10 n.41 relations with Donne 10 schism, schismatic see also anti-separatist rhetoric; recusant; anti-separatist rhetoric under John Donne, rhetoric of associated with controversy 29, 66, 275 associated with separatism 50, 72, 92, 128, 149, 159, 178 ecclesiastical penalties for 90 schismatic as polemical label 32, 62, 71, 76, 149, 169, 240, 242 separation from means of salvation 153, 193, 242 Scodel, Joshua n.34, 10 n.39, 23, 80 n.17 Scotland, Scots 119 depictions of 103 n.5 Scott, Jonathan 160 n.33 Scott, Thomas 112, 141, 150 n.21, 158–9, 162, 196–7, 203 n.62 Scull, John 145 n.10 Seaver, Paul 4, 37 n.3, 123, 230 n.40, 249 n.24 security see also peace; war dangers of 58, 60, 62, 70, 96, 99, 105, 112, 119, 128, 136, 144, 148, 159, 189, 191, 199–200, 204, 213, 214–15, 218, 224, 236, 241, 249 sedition associated with Catholicism 62, 83, 128, 189, 250, 256 see also Gowry Conspiracy; Gunpowder Plot; Oath of Allegiance associated with puritanism 30, 51, 57, 65, 92, 169, 196–7 associated with separatism 31, 83, 92, 228 burning of seditious books 5, 45–7, 256–7 laws against seditious libel 14, 47 separatism, separatist see anti-separatist rhetoric; schism; anti-separatist rhetoric, papistpuritan rhetoric under John Donne, rhetoric of Sellin, Paul n.36, 10 n.41, 20 n.71, 23, 75 n.2, 202 n.58 semi-Pelagianism see under Pelagianism sermon locations Artillery Garden 148 assizes 6, 67–9, 149, 150 n.22, 236 Blackfriars 195 Boston 57, 165 Bury St Edmunds 231 Cambridge commencement 48 Canterbury 224 Canterbury, cathedral church 189 Clare, Suffolk 56 Convocation 47, 48, 215, 216 “court” 5–6, 39, 120, 167, 177, 182, 202, 219–20, 238–41, 261–2, 263, 265 Denmark House 6, 265 n.19, 266–7, 268 Epping, Essex 151 French Church, London 161 Gorichem 162 Gray’s Inn 171 Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, Church of 191 Greenwich 122 Hampton Court 185 Hanworth 140 n.1 Lincoln’s Inn 8, 62–3, 76, 82 and n.25, 83 and n.28, 83–8, 89, 90–1, 95, 97, 98, 140 n.1, 143, 149, 151, 172 n.26, 276 Otelands 43–4 Oxford 50, 51, 60 n.91, 67, 242 Oxfordshire 229 parliament 61–3, 150, 215, 235–6 309 General Index sermon locations (continued) Paul’s Cross, 4–5, 8, 14 and n 57, 19, 32, 37, 42, 46, 55, 57, 59, 66, 69, 72, 75, 80, 102, 104, 105, 107–8, 109–10, 112 and n.34, 114 n.41, 126, 127, 130, 131, 132, 137, 140 n.3, 147 n.15, 152, 154, 159, 169 n.15, 170, 171, 198, 200, 211, 212, 224, 241, 246–53, 263 Royston 38, 39 St Dunstan’s-in-the-West 8, 140 n.1, 145, 159, 225–9, 259 St James’s 6, 19, 140 n.1, 192, 269 St James’s chapel (Exeter College) 150 St John’s chapel (Cambridge) 213 n.9 St Mary’s, Cambridge 213 n.9 St Mary’s, Oxford 47, 167, 220, 236 St Mary’s Spittle 76, 177, 180 St Michael’s, London 168 St Paul’s 8, 41, 44, 55, 83, 108, 134, 157–8, 172 n.26, 173, 178, 202, 217–18, 253, 260 Sergeant’s Inn 140 n.1 Southwark 68 n.107 Temple Church 168 the Hague 181 Theobald’s 115, 128, 186, 248 n.23 Trinity College (Cambridge) 213, 241 visitations 6, 57, 66, 165, 224 Wanstead 245 Warwick 68–9 Westminster Abbey 132 Whitehall 5–6, 8, 91, 94, 120, 134, 140 n.1, 175, 178, 180, 182 n.41, 188, 219 n.21, 254 Winchester 149 Woodstock 237 sermons and matters of state 1, 36, 38, 42, 44, 53, 67–74, 120, 127, 166, 184 criticism of the state 76, 167, 182, 189, 196, 230, 240 discussion of authority and jurisdiction 120, 139, 160 discussion of Bohemia 41, 69 n.111, 161 discussion of La Rochelle 43, 46 n.55, 48 discussion of the Palatinate 37, 43, 113, 161, 200, 221 advocating war 50, 67, 69 n.111, 188, 198, 214 miseries of co-religionists 50, 61, 67, 71, 139, 145, 153, 160–2, 182, 196, 212 n.3, 214, 215, 249 discussion of the Spanish journey 166–8, 171–2 see also lamentation, discourse of; thanksgiving, discourse of discussion of the Spanish match 4, 5, 13, 37, 41, 42–3, 44, 45, 46, 109 n.27, 113, 118, 119–20, 122, 123, 126, 132, 172, 178, 186–8, 190–1, 196, 201, 214, 220, 221, 247 resistance to tyrannical kings 45–7, 50–1, 53, 59, 103–5, 234, 248 and news 4, 5, 170, 220–1 and women 40–1, 127, 161–2, 221 and patronage n.6, 5, 6, 43, 45, 108, 186, 188, 198 critical abuse of (as evidence) 2, 7–12, 60 n.91 politics of quotation 9–12, 22, 81 critical neglect of 3, 6–7, dedications to 18, 51, 52, 64, 76 n.5, 111–12, 126, 153, 155, 162, 164, 178, 180, 181–2, 186, 188, 193, 198, 211, 213, 218, 224, 235, 242, 243, 257–8, 263 flattery in 58, 69, 103, 116, 127, 165, 169, 172, 179, 182, 265 oral vs printed 2–3, n.2, n.6, 14, 20, 56, 104–5, 111, 185, 220 manuscript circulation of 14 n.57, 85, 102 n.1, 175 n.31, 182 n.41, 188, 212 and n.3, 213 and n.9, 215 methodology for reading sermons 2–3, 12 popularity of propaganda function of 1, 4, 5–6, 123, 146, 184, 194–8, 274 satire in 58, 69, 76 n.5, 97, 120, 122, 127, 137, 196–7, 234, 252, 254 Sharpe, Kevin 17 n.63 Sheldon, Richard 63, 108–10, 140, 141, 147, 148, 164 Sherwood, Terry 20 n.74, 80 n.17, 92 n.39, 203 n.65 Shuger Debora 11–12 and n.45, 22 n.83, 94 n.41, 172–3 Sibbes, Richard 9, 42 Sibthorpe, Robert 17 Siebert, Frederick 14 n.51 Simmons, Judith n.5 Simpson, Edward 38–9, 102 n.1, 257 Simpson, Evelyn see under Potter, George and Evelyn Simpson Sisera 70, 112, 116 and n.49, 218 Skinner, Robert n.36, 18 Slights, Camille 21 n.76, 80 n.17, 82 n.23, 93 n.40 Sloan, Thomas 80 n.17 Smith, Don Noel 202 n.60 Smith, Henry 3, Socinianism 72 Sommerville, J P 11 n.43 Southampton, Earl of see Wriotheseley Spain ambassadors 44, 115, 169, 170, 185, 204 n.67, 229, 234 as antichrist 192 cruelty of 257 defeat of Armada (1588) 29, 42, 103, 218 Inquisition 154, 239, 240, 258 king of see Philip IV Spanish authors 178, 204 n.67 310 General Index Spanish match 1, 39, 44, 60 n.91, 99–100, 108, 111, 124, 129, 131, 139, 155, 158, 160, 165, 166, 177, 181–2, 183, 185, 194, 201, 203 n.66, 204 n.67, 205, 209, 214, 221, 241, 247, 256, 257 see also discussion of matters of state under sermons Infanta 43, 111, 136, 160, 163, 166, 177, 178, 186, 188, 198, 220 and n.26, 230 n.38 marriage articles 170, 183, 204 n.67, 207, 218, 230 war with 146, 149, 186–8, 204 n.67, 212–13 and n.3, 214, 218, 223, 229, 234, 241, 276 Spinke, Richard 213 n.9 Spinola, Ambrosio, Spanish general 45 Spottiswood, John 118, 119 Squire, John 147 n.15 Stanhope, John 161 Star Chamber, Court of 13, 41, 93 Stoughton, John n.2, 14 n.57, 102 n.1, 212–15, 241 Strier, Richard 10 n.39, 83 n.27, 107 n.17, 112 n.37, 206 n.71, 208, 209–11 Stuteville, Martin 42, 43 n.35, 112 n.33, 125, 167, 168, 256 Sullivan, Ernest W II 82 n.22 Sutton, Thomas 68 n.107, 148 Swale, Christopher 73 Sydenham, Humphrey 152–3 Taylor, Thomas 235–6, 242 thanksgiving, discourse of 183, 185, 188–94, 209, 211, 212, 241 Thirty Years’ War 4, 60 n.91, 100, 139, 161, 204, 276 affairs in the Palatinate 37, 43, 45, 83 n.28, 114–15, 119, 132 n.102, 166, 207 n.75, 208, 209, 211, 214, 215, 221, 234, 268 toleration (of religion) 61, 108 arguments against toleration of Catholics 60, 186–8, 219 at Court 118, 196, 197 fear of 83, 106 and n.14, 120, 125, 169, 183–4, 211, 214–15, 236–7, 242, 247, 256 perceived alteration in religion 44, 68, 75 n.3, 111, 115, 117, 166, 184, 212, 224, 230, 232 Townson, Robert 40 Traske, John 144 Trumbull, William 46 n.51, 47, 78, 105, 106, 110, 117, 168, 184, 234 n.1 Tyacke, Nicholas n.13, n.28, 10 n.42, 20 n.71, 38 n.9 and 13, 39, 48 n.65, 49, 78, 123, 152 n.24, 249 n.24, 257 n.6, 276 n.13, 281 n.24 Udny, Alexander 224 Ussher, James 7, 61–3, 234, 242, 245–6, 257 n.5 Valaresso 46 n.55, 106 n.13, 108, 117–18, 169–70, 184–5, 207 Van Seters, John 259 n.9 Vase, Robert 248–9 Venetian ambassador see Valaresso Venn, John 213 n.9 Vicars, John 21–2 Villiers, George, Duke of Buckingham 15, 124, 158, 186, 211, 229, 230 n.38, 234, 275, 276 n.13 attempt to impeach 277 family relapses to popery 111, 129, 185, 186, 246 journey to Spain 166, 167, 170, 172, 174–5, 177, 184, 192, 201, 204 n.67, 207 n.75 patronage of 48, 269 relations with Donne 25 n.101, 77, 111–12, 204 n.67 vocation see also authority; vocation of and on preaching under John Donne 6, 199, 200 and authority 17, 36, 222 doctrine of callings 53, 55 duties of hearers 57–8, 76, 252, 255 as “babes” 121, 144 “itch” of hearing 57, 66, 76 and n.8 to hear God’s voice in the preacher 144, 145 duties of preachers 6, 67, 79, 158–9, 160, 213 n.9, 224, 225, 233, 234, 239, 240, 242, 245, 255 as pastors 250 as prophets 5, 58, 145, 240, 242, 247 Amos 58 and n 83, 89, 145 as trumpets 144, 145, 159, 228 boundaries of calling 67, 120, 139, 213 n.9, 222, 238 catechizing 245 counsel 18, 128–9, 188, 211, 240, 241 interpretation 55–6 obedience to state authority 69, 71, 76, 79 preaching in and out of season 57, 143, 242 Vorstius 70, 72 Wadkins, T H 186 n.20 Wall, John 161, 242 Wall, John and Terry Burgin 132 n.101 Wallace, D D 180 n.37 Walsham, Alexandra 43 n.34, 183 n.4, 194 n.41, 194–7, 252 Walton, Izaak 25–6 relations with Donne 10 war (as topic of sermons) see also under controversy; peace; discussion of matters of state under sermons; Thirty Years’ War 53, 70–2, 79, 136, 139, 160, 211, 234 anti-war 50, 71, 171 as way to peace 136, 188–9, 214, 241 311 General Index war (continued) militant Protestantism see also under Henry, Prince of Wales 188, 198–200, 224–5, 240, 241, 242, 246, 247, 250, 255, 268 pro-war 62, 71, 162, 186–8, 196, 247, 268 spiritual 144, 148, 200, 215, 225, 233, 240, 242 Ward, Samuel, Master of Sidney Sussex Cambridge 42 Ward, Samuel, preacher of Ipswich 42–3, 44, 53–4, 109, 191, 231 n.42 Webster, Tom n.5, n.37, 121 n.71 Weldon, Anthony 118–19 Wentworth, Sir Thomas 203 n.66 Whalen, Robert 280 n.22 Whateley, William 5, 163 n.39, 174–5 White, Christopher 48, 50–1 White, Francis 167, 185, 281 White, Dr 109 n.27, 166, 185 White, Peter 20 n.71, 38 n.13, 39 and n.14, 123, 167 n.4, 274 n.5, 277 n.14 Whitebrook, J C 213 Whiteway, William, 42 n.29, 65 and n.100 Whiting, Dr 109 n.27, 185, 185 n.17, 186, 188, 211 Wickliffe, John 195 Wilkinson, Robert 257 and n.6, 258 Willan, Robert 132–4, 138 Willet, Andrew 39 and n 15 Williams, Griffith 64, 66 Williams, John 45, 106, 111, 112 n.37, 123, 126, 169, 213 n.9, 231 n.43, 242, 265, 268–9 Wilson, Arthur 118–19, 122 Wilson, Dr 169 n.15 Wilson, Edmund 169 Wilton Hall H R 107 n.16 Wing, John 54, 181–2 Winniffe, Thomas 45, 102 n.1, 219 and n.22, 230 n.39 Winwood, Ralph 78 Wood, Anthony 44, 45 n.44 and 49, 47, 48 n.63, 167 and n.4, 220 Woolf, Daniel 118 Worden, Blair 14 Worship, William 165 Wotton, Sir Henry 78 Woudhuysen, Henry 102 n.1 Wren, Matthew 168 Wright, Louis Wright, Nancy 92 n.38, 112–13, 129 Wriothesley, Henry, 3rd Earl of Southampton 234 relations with Donne 79 Yonge, Walter 46 n.55, 106 n.14, 117 and n.52 York House debates see under Arminian Young, Richard 41 zeal associated with converts from Catholicism 108 associated with puritans 19 n.68, 61, 107, 120 balanced with discretion 144, 165 contrasted with discretion 19 n.68, 61, 136–7 distinguished from sectarian fervour 71, 242 excess of 67, 71, 165, 242 lack of 159, 190, 230 good forms of 69, 71, 114, 127, 144, 145, 241 Zwingli, Ulrich Zwinglian as confessional label 16, 66, 216 312 INDEX TO JOHN DONNE REFERENCES authority civil (of kings and magistrates) 22, 83–4, 90, 99, 129, 131, 142, 159–60, 173, 203 n.62, 204, 228, 254, 259–60, 266–7 distinction of “passive” from “blind” obedience 22, 160, 259 distinction between obedience to men and to God 159–60, 259 fit places to debate laws 259, 271 ecclesiastical 23, 26, 90–1, 92–4, 99, 100, 110, 112–13, 130, 152, 159 disciplinary conformity 226, 266 frailty of kings 266–7 interpretive 28, 129–30 rejection of authority of any single commentator see also rejection of singularity under rhetoric of 82, 87, 141 of conscience 130, 160, 173, 174, 176, 226, 228, 260, 271 of the law 12, 22, 34, 77, 79, 90, 93, 100, 130, 145, 208, 271, 277 vocational 91–2, 129, 130, 172–3, 179, 218, 267 biography of 9, 10, 25 n.101 and 102, 25–6, 75–9, 78 n.12, 91, 99–100, 107, 137–8, 140 n.1, 202, 227, 266 n.21, 270 and n.29, 274–6, 274 n.3, 282–3 Church of Rome 24–30, 98–100 apostolic succession 28–9, 82 as Babylon 29, 33, 81 n.20, 88 communion with Rome 32, 34, 135 n.108, 137 communion with papists within the Church of England 137, 155 reconciliation with 32, 33–4, 135 n.108, 137, 210 Reformation 28, 32–4, 76, 81, 88, 89, 210, 222, 273 as miracle 243 charges against Reformed churches 151, 244, 270 reformed Catholicism 98 Rome as metaphor 98 younger than Reformed churches 227 and n.36 conformity of 1, 19–24, 34, 41, 75–6, 77–8, 81, 90, 101, 111–12, 210–11, 223, 229, 243, 253–4, 262, 273 conscience 20, 21–3, 24, 28, 87, 89, 94, 100, 111–12, 116, 128, 129, 130, 132, 136, 173, 174, 176, 177, 255 casuistical habits of thought 21 and n.76, 22 and n.82, 28, 76–7, 80 and n.17, 82 and n.23, 93 and n.40, 142, 159–60, 253, 258, 259–60, 262, 271, 273, 274 integration of public duty with private conscience 20, 23, 41, 89, 93, 94, 111–12, 113, 116, 129, 184, 204, 205, 272, 273, 274, 275 controversy 12, 23, 28, 29, 75, 76, 100, 137, 156, 157, 172, 180, 228, 274, 275 condemnation of public personal attacks 30, 32, 33, 76, 79, 113, 127, 270, 273, 277–80, 283 distinguished from “holy zeal” 278 inappropriate to sermons and public councils 20–1, 34, 76, 80, 94–6, 97, 137, 140, 234, 266 n.21, 276, 277–8 and n.15, 279 edifying rather than controversial preaching 76, 95, 227 fit places for doctrinal debate 34, 156, 172, 223, 276, 280, 283 reluctance to enter the “fray” 84, 276 and n.12 renovation of controverted terms 26, 31–2, 87, 95, 98, 152, 228, 235, 243–4, 254, 258, 260–1, 262, 274 resistance to polarizing rhetoric 30–1, 181, 270 return issues to problematical status 30, 32, 180, 243, 271, 277 rules governing controversial discourse see also rhetoric of 22–3, 34, 76, 81–2, 137, 156, 272, 273, 276–80, 283 conversion 23, 25, 27, 32, 92, 97, 98, 145, 260–1, 262–3, 273, 274 as circumcision 259, 273 as eucharistic sacrament 261, 273 Donne as convert see also relations with Donne under Abbot, George in General Index 24, 78 obstacles to 279 313 Index to John Donne References conversion (continued) occasional 260 of church-papists 23, 34 and n.120, 174, 259 of recusants 259 of unsettled protestants 255, 259 performance of conversion 20, 23, 24, 259, 273, 274 discretion 19 n.68, 22–3, 22 n.81, 24, 75, 89–90, 91, 110, 111, 113, 126, 130, 132 n.102, 136, 137, 139, 151, 193, 228–9, 253–4, 255, 258, 271, 273, 283 balanced with zeal 114, 137, 145, 165, 176, 228, 229, 255, 283 contrasted with vehement zeal 89, 90, 93 and n.40, 280 distinguished from hypocrisy 23 moderation of 19, 23–4, 29, 35, 83, 112 as “blessed sobriety” 157, 275, 276–7, 279–80, 283 distinguished from religious indifference 270 middle ground 22–3, 34, 80–9, 96, 129, 131, 135, 137–8, 141, 158, 179, 181, 235, 247, 271, 283 “nearnesse” 21–2, 38, 76, 91, 111, 145, 278 on preaching as ordinance 22, 113, 121, 128, 156, 157, 227–8, 229, 261 as a sacrament 142 n.5 boundaries of that sphere see also sermon defending Directions 75, 80, 272, 273 dignity of 255 duties of hearers 130, 145–6, 173, 176, 225 interpretive authority 114, 130, 180, 255 to hear and apply the word preached 145–6, 227, 261–2, 267 duties of preachers 83–4, 92, 100, 145, 225, 227–8 as ambassadors 130 as force of cohesion 274 commission 92 and n.39, 113–14, 129 distinguished from prophets 89–92, 90 n.34 ethical demands on 271 interpretation 129, 142, 143, 222, 226, 243, 255, 267, 274 preachers as stars 91, 113, 218 preaching in and out of season 83–4, 89, 227 vocation of preacher 89–92, 128, 129–30, 143, 145, 172, 179, 218, 226, 229, 233, 267 pastoral aims of 12, 21, 28, 113, 156, 218, 223, 225–6, 227, 233, 246, 255, 280 courtly and civil language 91, 178–9, 223, 254, 280 poetry of Lamentations of Jeremy 132 n.102 The Indifferent 24 n.92 Satyre II 21 Satyre III 222 and n.29 politics of 8, 9, 77–8, 80, 131, 178 absolutism of 11–12, 75 and n.3, 77, 131–2, 138, 267 enabled by casuistry see also under conscience 80, 259–60 Palatinate 114, 132 n.102, 202 n.58 oblique commentary on matters of state 175, 176–7, 202–3, 259–60 use of political metaphors and analogies see also topical application under principles of exegesis 83 and n.27, 90–1, 93–4, 172–3, 202–3, 204 and n.67, 205–6, 260, 267 principles of exegesis 21–2 analogy 83, 93–4, 95, 99, 273 choice of text 243, 259, 269 discourse of perspective 142, 157, 253–4, 262, 274 equivocal application 131–2 focus on the middle course 75, 80 and n.17, 84, 88–9, 135, 158, 179, 224, 226, 229, 253–4, 262 foregrounding issues of interpretation 80, 114, 131–2, 140, 141–2, 177, 253–4 inclusivity 80, 135, 156, 222 preacher’s intention 112, 131 relations of literal to metaphorical 80–2, 80 n.18, 82 n.22, 95, 141–2, 222, 245 rule of charity 128, 151, 262 topical application 135, 136, 143, 145, 146, 176, 180, 258, 267 undogmatic 180 n.38, 181, 255 whole rule of scriptures 81–2, 85–8, 96–7, 135, 141, 143, 145–6 vs private interpretation 130, 141 prolocutor to Convocation see also Convocation of under Church of England in General Index 10, 274–6, 274 n.3, 282, 283 prose of (excluding sermons) Biathanatos 81–2 Conclave Ignati 28 Devotions Upon Emergent Occasions 24, 126, 128, 158 n.32, 172 and n.26, 184, 202–11, 240 and censorship 203 and Donne’s religious identity 208–11 and providentialism 202, 208 and public sphere 202–3, 206 and reputation 202–3, 206 and rumour 205, 206–7 and n.74 and secrecy 203, 206–8 dedication to Charles 202–5, 264 example of Hezekiah 202–5, 203 n.65 king as heart 206 314 Index to John Donne References political counsel in 158 n.32, 202, 204–8, 209 public and private in 202–3, 203 n.65, 205 responsibilities of kings 206, 207, 240 Trinitarian model of government 207–8, 226 Letters 33, 77, 79, 114, 115 Pseudo-Martyr 28, 75 n.3 religious identity of 8, 9, 20, 23, 228 and international Protestantism 10, 20, 23, 78, 101, 140, 204 n.67 as “apostate” 10, 20 as Arminian (anti-Calvinist) 9, 10, 19, 25 n.99, 31 n.115, 78 and n.12, 208–10, 244 and n.13, 245 and n.17, 280 as Calvinist 19, 23, 79, 208, 279, 280 new strain of see also qualifications of rigid Calvinism under theology of grace 247, 273, 279, 280, 283 as Christian 33, 85–6, 98, 101, 210, 211 as Jacobean 30, 156, 243, 262, 265, 273, 282–3 see also papist-puritan rhetoric in General Index as moderate Calvinist 24, 79 as not-Arminian 23, 24, 79, 86 and n.31, 87 n.32, 210, 244–5, 247 as not-Calvinist 31, 86 and n.31 as not-Laudian 23, 210 as not-Lutheran 31 as not-puritan 23, 209 as puritan 9, 10, 19, 107, 135, 210 sympathy with puritans at Lincoln’s Inn 10, 77 as puritano-papismus 260 n.11 Catholicism of 10, 20, 24, 25, 75 n.3, 99–100, 107, 147, 266 n.21, 273 as Old Religion 25, 32 role of reason 135, 179 reputation of 272 n.1, 274, 275, 283 rhetoric of see also General Index under antipapist rhetoric; anti-puritan rhetoric; antiseparatist rhetoric; papist-puritan rhetoric; errors of under Church of Rome anti-papist rhetoric 26–30, 98–100, 131–2, 174, 179, 270–1, 276 acts outside law 113 confusion of fundamental and indifferent 29–30, 157, 270, 277, 279 Council of Trent 27–8, 30, 32, 34, 76 and n.7, 82, 87, 98, 100, 107, 131, 179, 210, 227 and n.36, 244, 247, 273, 277 denies the use of scriptures 271 doctrinal absolutism of 29, 227, 244, 273 faulty scriptural interpretation 29–30, 81, 82, 228 heresy of 27, 87, 157, 172, 227 idolatry 29, 87, 93–100, 129, 194, 222, 226, 266 innovations of 27, 29, 32, 179, 227, 277 internal divisions 137, 281 Jesuits 26, 27, 28, 83, 84, 92, 99–100, 137, 209, 281 meritorious works 83, 87, 158 miracles 141, 228, 254 political interventions 24, 27, 29, 92, 99–100, 157, 222, 273 Court of Rome 32, 86 and n.30, 270 and n.30 pope 27, 28, 86, 91, 100, 157, 179, 222, 226, 244, 277 infallibility of 28, 222, 277 purgatory 100, 276 singularity of Roman Church 26, 28, 32, 129, 157, 179 traditions of men 32, 96, 157, 227, 271 treason of 29, 99, 100, 103, 131, 136 anti-puritan rhetoric 92, 129, 173, 210, 222, 228, 243, 244, 266 anti-separatist rhetoric 19 n.68, 23, 30–1, 33, 76, 79, 88, 90, 92–3, 96, 156, 157, 178, 182, 226, 227, 243, 244, 273, 280 papist-puritan rhetoric 30–1, 92, 95, 99, 114, 128, 156, 157, 158, 178–9, 223, 226, 227, 228, 233, 243, 260 n.11, 266, 273 rhetorical “middle way” 23, 30–1, 80–9, 92, 96, 129, 130, 135, 137, 156, 158, 173, 179, 229, 271, 280–3 flexibility of 80, 89, 130, 181, 244, 274 independence of 272, 275 moderation of 19, 83, 254, 273 perceptual wholeness see also discourse of perspective under principles of exegesis 80–1, 274, 283 rejection of singularity 81–2 and n.19, 92, 135, 142–3, 226, 255, 279 sermons dedicated to 104, 126 and n.94, 137 and n.111, 193, 202 n.57, 204 sermons of see also principles of exegesis; see also sermon defending the Directions as public models 23, 35, 80, 137 discourse of lamentation 175–7 Index to 8, n.36, 11 manuscript circulation of 102 n.1 use of sermons as evidence 7, 8–12 sermon defending the Directions 2, 12, 19, 53, 75, 79, 100, 109 n.27, 111–15, 122, 133, 137, 139, 159, 218, 272 as defining moment in the pulpit 13, 53, 102 and n.1, 107, 165 choice of text 110 and n.30, 111, 112, 114 n.41, 131 contemporary assessments of 107–11 counters popular perceptions of Directions 113, 166 315 Index to John Donne References sermon defending the Directions (continued) liberty of interpretation allowed within 121, 123, 124, 245 model for preaching 110, 114, 126, 128, 138, 139, 165, 218, 228 politics of 113, 114, 133–4, 137 reasons for Donne’s selection 75–6, 79–80, 107, 115, 138 support for controversial divinity 114, 166, 276 support for orderly preaching 113–14 sermon on foundations (3 April 1625) 19, 247 n.20, 272 manifesto to the new reign 140, 269–71 structured by contrast with Roman church 270–1 theory of foundations 270 sermon on the Gunpowder Plot (1622) 33 and n 119, 102 n.1, 130 theology of grace assurance, doctrine of 85, 97, 130, 156, 209, 243, 262, 281, 283 election, doctrine of 12, 85–7, 95–6, 97–8, 136, 156–8, 208, 262, 276, 280 and n.22, 281 conditional 77, 96, 157, 179, 281–2 not from foreseen faith 87, 281 danger of despair 86, 95, 96–7, 98, 157 glorification 86, 98 justification, doctrine of 85–6, 91, 97–8, 282 perseverance, doctrine of 23 n.86, 158, 209, 280, 283 predestination, doctrine of 85–6, 95, 97–8, 129–30, 135, 156, 172, 262, 277, 280 and n.22 qualifications of rigid Calvinism 23, 86, 95–6, 97–8, 129, 135–6, 156–8, 172, 243, 245 and n.17, 258, 261–2, 273, 277, 280–2, 283 justification as an interlinked chain 89, 282, 283 salvation as a ring 97–8 repentance, doctrine of 90, 130, 143, 176 reprobation, doctrine of 76 and n.8, 83, 86, 97, 156–8, 159, 245 n.17, 282 sanctification, doctrine of 91, 98 universality of grace 20, 141, 243, 244, 277, 283 vision of English church 2, 19–20, 26, 35, 269–71 adiaphora (matters indifferent) 22–3, 26, 27, 29–30, 32, 88, 141, 151, 243–5, 270, 279 articles of faith 26, 34, 90, 95, 114, 157, 179, 180 n.38, 210, 226, 245, 272, 279 as accommodating recusants 34 as Christian 16, 26–7, 31, 32, 80–1, 85–6, 87, 89, 101, 141, 179, 210, 223, 262, 266 Christ as the voice of God’s word 261, 266 example of Christ 84, 143, 176 as doctrinally and politically unique Reformed English institution 34, 89, 140, 210, 211, 226, 229, 245, 246, 255, 265–7, 273, 274, 279, 280 as related to other Reformed churches 79, 87, 229, 245, 246 as imperfect 84, 92, 266 as inclusive 34, 81, 156, 234, 242, 243–4, 255, 260 n.11, 272, 282, 283 as “true” church 26, 87, 88, 156, 229 as visible, established means to salvation 20–1 and n.72, 76 and n.7, 86, 89, 92–3, 95, 101, 129, 137, 152, 153, 156, 157, 174, 182, 209, 210, 226, 265–7, 273 God’s calling of men through the ministry of men 159, 229, 261–2, 265 experience of salvation 85, 89, 95–6, 229, 280–2, 283 ceremonies of 22, 28, 29, 31–2, 42, 68, 81, 88, 90, 140, 151–2, 173, 209–10, 226, 228–9, 266, 280 n.22 continuities with primitive church 30–1, 90, 92, 151–2, 210, 243, 266 fault lines in 75, 229, 272, 273 foundations of 95, 269–71 fundamentals of baptism 26–7 and n.106, 29, 32, 33, 86, 227, 229, 243 prayer 90, 151, 152, 158, 173, 204, 273 orderly doctrinal debate 223, 243, 273 see also under sermon defending Directions preaching 20, 22, 26, 29, 34, 85, 86, 89, 92, 95, 152, 157, 158, 173, 210, 222, 226, 227, 261, 273 sacraments 20, 22, 26, 29, 34, 85, 86, 89, 92–3, 95, 152, 157, 158, 210, 227, 262, 273, 280 n.22 eucharistic presence, doctrine of 95 real presence 95, 254 transubstantiation 254, 261 internal divisions 225, 260 n.11, 271, 276–7 interpretive authority of 34, 81, 245 “mediocrity” of 31, 34, 155–6, 226, 244, 245, 255, 260 n.11, 271 between Calvinist and anti-Calvinist 86 and n.31, 281, 283 between papist and puritan extremes see also papist-puritan rhetoric under rhetoric of 23, 223 between Laudian/Arminians and nonconforming puritans 23 between papist and sectarian see also antiseparatist rhetoric under rhetoric of 79, 223 in scriptural interpretation 81, 85, 255, 262, 281 shifting 23, 86 n.31, 131, 273 place of works in 130, 158, 226, 229, 243, 282 relations to state authorities 89–91, 93–4, 113, 159 rooted in Catholicism 25–6, 87, 246, 273 vocation of 12, 20 and n.74, 35, 137–8, 155, 204, 209, 225–9, 271 316 ... religious preachers”: John Donne and the late Jacobean Public Sphere the indiscretion of that foole”: John Knight and the Jacobean Pulpit, 1620–2 36 the fishing of whales”: John Donne s Sermons,... particularly the sermons of John Donne, as an index of conformity and its expression in the years immediately preceding and including the transition from the Jacobean to the Caroline monarchy...Studies in Renaissance Literature Volume 13 JOHN DONNE AND CONFORMITY IN CRISIS IN THE LATE JACOBEAN PULPIT This book considers the professional contribution of John Donne to an emerging homiletic