57939831 engineering drawing BASICS

8 B Title : Engineering Drawing B C C D D E E F F G G H H I I Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 01 Slide No: A A Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK Slide No Session (2 Hours) Purpose……………………………………………………………………………………… …………… Requirements of engineering drawings………………………………………… Sizes and layout of drawing sheets……………………………………………… Types of Engineering Drawings ………………………………………………………… 11 Projection Methods…………………………………………………………………………… 46 Multiview And Sectional View Drawings………………………………………… 51 Session (2 Hours) ISO Drawing Rules………………………………………………………………………………… 69 Dimensions, Symbols and Tolerances……………………………………………… 88 Order material Plan manufacturing operations, tooling and manufacturing facilities Process material Inspect and control product quality and reliability Assemble Test Package, box and ship Determine cost Catalog H E D C C D E F F G G H I I Title : Engineering Drawing Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 12 Make alterations A Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK 13 Record for duplication, repair or replacement 01 Slide No: A B 11 Conduct final acceptance test B 10 Install and service I I B H G F E D C Title : Engineering Drawing B C D E F G H Unambiguous and clear  [only one interpretation possible] Complete  [Provide all information for all stages of manufacture i.e., detailed drawings, assembly drawings, bill of materials] Suitable for duplication  [Suitable scale and clarity that the drawing can be copied – even micro copied – with out losing quality] Language independent  [Words dependent on a language should only be used in the title block; words should be replaced by symbols] Conforms to standards  [Highest standards are ISO as numerous countries learn these rules] Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 01 Slide No: A A Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK H H I I G D E F • American National Standard •A -8.5”x 11” •B –11”x 17” •C –17”x 22” •D –22”x 34” •E –34”x 44” Title : Engineering Drawing Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 01 A Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK B C • International Standard ISO (mm) •A4 –210 x 297 •A3 –297 x 420 •A2 –420 x 594 •A1 –594 x 841 •A0 –841 x 1189 Slide No: A B C D E F G • There exist standardized sheet formats for creating engineering drawings B Title : Engineering Drawing B C C D D E E F F G G H H I I Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 01 Slide No: A A Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK Scale Part Rev # of Shts Drawing Title - Description of the part or assembly Drawing Number - Number of the part or assembly for archiving and cross referencing Assembly Number - Number of the assembly that the part is referenced to Number Off - Quantity of component or assemblies to be manufactured Drawn By - Name of drawing originator Scale - Identifies the main scale that the drawing is drawn in, e.g 1:1 = full size, 1:2 = half size Date - The date the drawing was created or amended on Drawing Units - Units of the drawing, generally all dimensions in mm Material - What the item is made of, e.g Mild steel, Aluminium, if critical include particular grade 10 Projection System Symbol - The symbol identifying the type of projection, normally 3rd angle 11 Surface Finish – The general component surface roughness tolerance, normally 1.6microns 12 Texture – This is the components final finish e.g anodised, painted, galvanised etc, or just clean 13 General Drawing Tolerance – General variation in size unless indicated on individual dimensions B Title : Engineering Drawing B C C D D E E F F G G H H I I Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 01 Slide No: 97 A A Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK D D E E F F G G H H I I B Title : Engineering Drawing B C C Arrowhead Style – The arrow styles given below illustrate the preferred style from left to right Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 01 Slide No: 98 A A Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK I I H B Title : Engineering Drawing B C C D D E E F F G G H Surface Texture Symbol Size and Proportion Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 01 Slide No: 99 A A Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK B Title : Engineering Drawing B C C D D E E F F G G H H I I Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 01 Slide No: 100 A A Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK B Title : Engineering Drawing B C C D D E E F F G G H H I I Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 01 Slide No: 101 A A Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK F F G G H H I I B Title : Engineering Drawing B C C D D E E Lay Symbols and Their Meanings Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 01 Slide No: 102 A A Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK I 1.All CAPS! H H I 3.Select a front view that best describes the part G G 2.All Decimals 4.Remove hidden lines unless absolutely necessary to describe the shape of the object F F 5.Consider datums and dimensioning scheme based on 1.Feature relationship E E 2.Manufacturability and inspection 3.Reduce math for machinist D D 6.Do not duplicate dimensions, use reference dims if necessary to duplicate 7.Do not dimension to hidden lines C C Place dims between views if possible No dims on body of part Offset 38”inch from object outline B Title : Engineering Drawing Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 01 Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK Slide No: 103 A 11 When multiples of the same feature exists in a view, dimension only one of the features and lable the dim as “NumberX”DIM meaning that the feature exists in that view “Number” times For example, “4X 250”implies that in the view, there exists like dimensions for the dimensioned feature A B 10 Place all dims for same feature in one view if possible H H I I Over to Over to 30 Over 30 to 120 Over 120 to 315 Over 315 to 1000 Over 1000 to 2000 G F Permissible variations Fine Series ±0.05 ±0.05 ±0.1 ±0.15 ±0.2 ±0.3 ±0.5 Medium Series ±0.1 ±0.1 ±0.2 ±0.3 ±0.5 ±0.8 ±1.2 Coarse series - ±0.2 ±0.5 ±0.8 ±1.2 ±2 ±3 F 0.5 to Basic dimensions mm G General Tolerance – Linear Dimensions – Variations in mm per ANSI B4.3 E Up to 10 Over 10 to 50 Over 50 to 120 Over 120 to 400   In degrees and minutes ±1° ±0° 30’ ±0° 20’ ±0° 10’ Permissible variations In millimeters per 100 mm ±1.8 ±0.9 ±0.6 ±0.3   In milliradians ±18 ±9 ±6 ±3 D Length of the shorter leg, mm B Title : Engineering Drawing B C C D E General Tolerance – Angles and Tapers Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 01 Slide No: 104 A A Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK I I H H General Tolerance Note For Linear Dimensions:- G G (1) With a note: F Table General Tolerance Unless otherwise specified the following tolerances are applicable dimensions in mm Linear dimensions Over 0.5 to Over to 30 Over 30 to 120 Over 120 to 315 Over 315 to 1000 Over 1000 to 2000 Linear tolerance ±0.1 ±0.2 ±0.3 ±0.5 ±0.8 ±1.2 D D E (2) OR:With a table: E F UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, THE GENERAL TOLERANCE SPECIFIED IN ANSI B4.3 FINE SERIES APPLY One decimal ± No decimals ± Over 120 to 315 Over 315 to 1000 Over 1000 0.3 0.8 0.5 1.2 0.8 1.2 Title : Engineering Drawing B Linear tolerance Up to 120 C Linear dimensions A (4) Prepared By : Ashish Shah Specify a single tolerance value for all untoleranced nominal dimensions by a tolerance note as follows: Rev UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED ALL UNTOLERANCED DIMENSIONS ARE ±0.8 mm Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK B (3) Unless otherwise specified the following tolerances are applicable dimensions in mm 01 Slide No: 105 A C General Tolerance as a Function of Decimal Digits I E F G H (a) Notes are headed with the word “NOTES.” Notes shall be numbered consecutively starting with number “1” The location of notes are not specified in ASME Y14.100 Generally notes are placed in the upper Left corner reading from the top down (b) Notes shall be concise and grammatically correct (c) Notes clarify features that can be more accurately defined by words rather than by delineation and dimensions (d) Notes give instruction for applying special treatments or processes (e) Notes give instruction to supplement non-standard symbols (f) Notes shall be concise, in the present tense, capable of one interpretation, and parallel to the bottom edge of the drawing (g) Do not underline or use non-standard abbreviations or acronyms D Note: Where possible, use abbreviations and acronyms found in ASME Y14.38 Abbreviations and Acronyms, but this standard may not be available to everyone D E F G H I A (j) Avoid non-essential words such as “the”, “a”, and “an.” Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK Slide No: 106 C B (i) Flag note symbols , or other symbols may be used These symbols are placed in the field of the drawing to direct you to a flag note symbol in the general notes Title : Engineering Drawing A statement such as “SEE NOTE 3” may be used Prepared By : Ashish Shah instead of symbols Rev 01 A B C (h) Contractual requirements, reports or plans shall not be in the general notes I DIMENSIONS ARE IN ACCORDANCE WITH ASME Y14.5M-1994 H H I G G INTERPRET DRAWING IN ACCORDANCE WITH ASME Y14.100 REMOVE ALL BURRS AND SHARP EDGES 005 TO 015 MAX F F TORQUE THREADS (INSERT AMOUNT) RUBBER STAMP PART NUMBER AND REV LETTER PER MIL-STD-130 E E SCREW THREADS TO BE INSPECTED PER SYSTEM 21 OF FED-STD H28/20 ANODIZE PER MIL-A-8625, TYPE D D FINISH PER MIL-P-21415 OPER T-7 C C ALL FILLETS AND EDGES SHALL BE 010±.005 UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED 11 PROTECTIVE FINISH: FINISH 5.4.1 OF MIL-STD-171 Title : Engineering Drawing B B 10 MATERIAL: CRES 301 OR 302, TEMPER 1/4 FULL HARD, QQ-S-766 Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 01 Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK Slide No: 107 A A 12 SURFACE OF BALLS AND BALL RACE SHALL BE COATED WITH A FILM OR GREASE MILG-23827 I DIMENSIONS ARE IN ACCORDANCE WITH ASME Y14.5M-1994 H H I INTERPRET DRAWING IN ACCORDANCE WITH ASME Y14.100 PART SHALL BE FREE OF ALL SPRUES, GATES, RISERS, AND FLASH G G MATERIAL: AL ALY DIE CASTING ALLOY 360.0, PER ASTM B85 UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, CAST CORNER RADII SHALL BE 03 MAX UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, CAST FILLET RADII SHALL BE 06 MAX F F UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, WALL OR WEB THICKNESS SHALL BE 09 MAX UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, DRAFT ANGLE SHALL BE 1° MAX DRAFT SHALL ADD MATERIAL TO THE DIMENSIONED FEATURES E E LOCATION OF EJECTOR PINS AND PARTING LINES SHALL BE AT THE SUPPLIERS DISCRETION 10 EJECTOR PIN MARKS SHALL BE FLUSH TO 02 BELOW THE SURFACE 11 THE AREA INDICATED SHALL BE FREE OF INDENTATIONS COLD SHUTS, MISRUNS D D OR OTHER SURFACE IRREGULARITIES 12 CASTING INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS SHALL BE PER MIL-STD-2175, CLASS 4, GRADE D EXCEPT PENETRANT INSPECTION IS NOT REQUIRED C C 13 MACHINING IS PERMISSIBLE TO MEET AS-CAST DIMENSIONAL REQUIREMENTS 14 PART SHALL BE CLEAN AND FREE OF BURS, FINS, AND SHARP EDGES ALL Title : Engineering Drawing 16 SURFACE FINISH ON MACHINED SURFACES SHALL BE 125 MICROINCHS OR SMOOTHER 17 SCREW THREADS TO BE INSPECTED PER SYSTEM 21 OF FED-STD H28/20 Rev 18 THREAD REPAIR PERMISSIBLE USING INSERTS 01 Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK A Prepared By : Ashish Shah Slide No: 108 A B 15 UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, MACHINE INTERNAL CORNER RADII SHALL BE 07 MAX B SURFACES SHALL BE PREPARED FOR FINISHING PROCESSES I I H H Preparation for Checking the Drawing • Colored pencils Use red for errors that must be corrected; blue or green for format errors that should be corrected; and yellow for crossing out what has been checked G G • Non-color copies of the drawing(s) being checked Have the CAD operator make non-color copies because colors not print dark enough F F • All relevant component literature, e.g bearing design data, gearbox information etc • Drawings of existing similar systems (hopefully ones that are working correctly) E E General Items to Check The checker should ensure that the drawing is unambiguous and conforms to accepted company standards D D The drawing should be neat with bold outlines and clear hidden centerlines C C The title block should be complete and the title should by clear and include the correct key words in the correct arrangement Title : Engineering Drawing Prepared By : Ashish Shah The drawings should include sufficient notes to clearly identify all production stages, and surface coatings Rev A 01 Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK If needed, sub-views should be used B All elevations and sections should be structured to clearly show the shape of the items Slide No: 109 A B The text should be the sized in accordance with the relevant standard I I 9 Slide No: 110 H C A Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK B 11 Longer dimensions should be placed outside intermediate dimensions Dimension lines should not cross extension lines 12 Do not expect manufacturing to assume a feature is centered, but give a location dimension from one side 13 Avoid a complete chain of detail dimensions; it is better to omit one dimension Otherwise, add a reference dimension in parenthesis to one detail dimension or the over-all dimension 14 Unless unavoidable, dimension lines should not cross Extension lines may cross each other by breaking either line 15 Leaders for notes should be straight, not curved, and pointing to the center of a circular view 16 Leaders should extend from the beginning or end of a note 17 Dimensions for figures should be approximately centered between the arrowheads Title : Engineering Drawing 18 Dimensions for figures should never be crowded Prepared By : Ashish Shah 19 Dimensions for angles are lettered horizontally Rev 01 20 Limits dimensions have the higher amount over the lower amount D E F G Each dimension should be clear and only able to be interpreted one way Dimensions should not be duplicated Dimensions should be given between points or surfaces that have a functional relationship to each other Whenever possible, dimensions should be given to finished surfaces Dimensions should be so given that it is not necessary for manufacturing to calculate, scale, or assume any dimension Dimensions should be associated with the view where the shape is best shown Dimensions should be placed in the views where the dimensioned features are shown in true shape Whenever possible, avoid dimensioning to hidden lines Dimensions should not be placed within a view unless clearness is promoted or long extension lines are avoided 10 Dimensions that apply to two adjacent views should be placed between views A B C D E F G H Checking Dimensioning Items B Title : Engineering Drawing B C C D D E E F F G G H H I I Prepared By : Ashish Shah Rev 01 Slide No: 111 A A Date 03-JUN-09 Appd By KK ... Assembly Drawing Installation Drawing Altered Item Drawing Selected Item Drawing Modifying Drawing 10 Arrangement Drawing 11 Control Drawings a Procurement Control Drawing b Vendor Item Control Drawing. .. Wiring Harness Drawing 18     Cable Assembly Drawing 19     Undimensioned Drawing 20     Kit Drawing 21     Tube Bend Drawing 22     Matched Set Drawing 23     Contour Definition Drawing 24 Software... General Drawing Tolerance – General variation in size unless indicated on individual dimensions DIN 824 (ASME Y14.24-1999) Layout Drawing Monodetail Drawing Multidetail Drawing Assembly Drawing