Fabricating the frank gehry the story of the evolution of digital practice in frank

Fabricating the Frank Gehry Legacy The Story of the Evolution of Digital Practice in Frank Gehry’s office A Memoir by Rick Smith Amazon Books Copyright © 2017 Richard S Smith All rights reserved ISBN: 978-0-9986098-1-2 Table of Contents Acknowledgments v Foreword by Steve Pliam vii Prolog: Hijacked History Concorde from the Drawing Board A Rapidly Changing World Standardizing on NURBS 15 Only Nuts and Bolts 21 Getting Paid to Work, instead of Paying Tuition to Work 27 Crushed Paper 51 Scaling the Fish 59 The Classical Walt Disney Concert Hall Changing the Faỗade of Architecture 10 The Bilbao Effect 105 11 On the Warf in Düsseldorf 113 12 Take an Ellipse and Torque it 119 13 Are You Experienced 133 14 Kinda’ Nasty 147 15 Horse Head Revisited 159 16 The Walt Disney Concert Hall is Back 17 Prolific Creativity 189 18 The Writing is on the Wall 197 19 On the WDCH Job Site 205 20 The Aftermath: Cleaning up the Mess of Construction 225 21 The Intoxication of the Ego 235 Part 237 22 The Aftermath: Surviving the Consequences 23 Global Citizen: Moshe Safdie 245 24 Back in the West 269 25 The Worst of Worst Case Scenario 293 Epilog: A new Zeitgeist 309 Project list 315 Photo Credits 317 71 95 165 239 Acknowledgments and Dedication This is a memoir of a period of time in my career I want to give acknowledgment and my appreciation to the many people who have contributed to that experience I will mentioned many people in this book, so I will save words here I need to acknowledge my parents For obvious reasons, they brought me into this world, raised me to the best of their abilities, and mostly with their encouragement and through their own examples I am who I am I look to my Father, who in a sense I followed his personal interests in aviation and computers, and through his influence, it put me on my own career path My Mother was my original motivator, always encouraging me to follow my dreams and who made me feel I could it in spite of all the hurdles When I would hit the proverbial brick wall, she was there to encourage me that there was a window and a door somewhere in the wall I just had to find it I have to thank the thousands of people who have contributed to the latest of technologies through the years, which have helped make our lives so much more productive I have an understanding and appreciation for the hard work involved in developing the word processor with its ease of creating and editing a document I have a special appreciation for its spellchecker capability I also want to thank all those involved in developing the Internet, the World Wide Web, and Google for its tremendous search capabilities Because of these technologies, the world’s information is readily at our finger tips Without these technologies and others, this book would not be as rich in detail I have become spoiled by technology If I tried to write this book on a typewriter one sheet of paper at a time, using whiteout on every mistake, and if I had to use a library with the Dewey Decimal system to mine for references, it would have been very agonizing and probably would not have been written at all I need to thank my wife Cathy, who was by my side throughout this journey with me She was my partner in life from college on It was exciting for us building a life together It was also stressful, and that stress took a toll on her I love you Cathy and want to dedicated this book to you for all that you did for the family and me I know I will see you again I also need to thank my kids for their love and support through all of this I know it has had a profound effect on their lives I hope they will take the positive lessons learned through their Mom and my examples and build a beautiful life of their own Foreword "We have a file on you!" This sounds like something straight out of a 3rd rate TV serial where somebody representing a powerful agency like the FBI threatens to ruin the life and reputation of a helpless citizen, demolish his career, even incarcerate him simply by the hammer of incriminating information! Cheesy to be sure Yet these very words were an actual threat made over a discreet telephone call, as menacing as it sounds, and spoken directly to me! What had I walked into? I can really only describe it like an eerie brewing storm and this was the eye of a hurricane circling all around me I knew absolutely nothing about what was happening I had flown across the country to Los Angeles and had arrived at the construction site of the brand new Walt Disney Concert Hall designed by the world renowned Frank O Gehry I had agreed to be a consultant to the general contractor, Mortenson Construction They wanted to use my expertise to help them analyze the complex 3D CAD models which had been used as the master source of information for the construction of the concert hall What I didn't know was that the deceptively quiet environment of the Disney construction site, which was now in its final stages of completion, had been a hotbed of conflicts and problems between Mortenson and Gehry Mortenson was preparing a fiftyplus million-dollar law suit against Gehry's firm which amounted to a 20% increase to the contracted cost of the concert hall A consortium of subcontractors led by Mortensen were suing for damages sustained by cost overruns during its construction Mortenson contended that the 3D digital model, which was provided to them as the legal document for the construction of the building, was full of inaccuracies and geometric information that did not work for construction This ultimately led to massive costly losses for nearly all the contractors involved in the construction of the building No more than two hours had passed after starting my consulting work with Mortenson when I then received a call from Gehry's office I was asked to immediately drop what I was doing and walk out I explained that I had no knowledge whatsoever about what was going on and that I had simply agreed to some consulting work for them, as I had done for several other Gehry projects over the years To my great dismay and shock, this conversation ended with that statement: "We have a file on you." I was actually being threatened by the very people to whom I had devoted so much of my life, people to whom I felt I belonged, people who possessed my unflinching loyalty and devotion Indeed, these were people for whom I would have done almost anything I worshiped them I became baffled and disoriented wondering what had happened How could the practice of this amazing, iconic artist-architect have fallen into so much trouble on this project?? After so many great successes, innovative, groundbreaking projects, some of which were more geometrically complex than this one, how then could such a debacle possibly occur?? After all, we had all helped revolutionize Gehry's practice by developing a spectacular system of technologies and performant methods that had already proven itself It was a tried and tested system which had already enabled Gehry to actually build his exceedingly complex designs Aside from being a riveting personal memoir of somebody who was there from the very beginning of this technological revolution, this book is an in-depth analysis which answers these questions This is a story that has patiently awaited its telling for well over a decade and is very different than the one most of us have read or heard which has predominated over the primary channels of publicity and marketing It is a story whose audience will be unable to escape shock and surprise proportional to how close they were to its subject For me personally, it is a story I have eagerly anticipated since my days as an intern architect working in the old Santa Monica office It is a story which was unfolding while we were often working consecutive overnight charrettes, sometimes logging weeks well over 100 hours in the small unadorned office of Frank Gehry & Associates It was a loose and messy place that could be described more like a set of artist studios filled with lacquered, exposed plywood furniture and astonishingly beautiful cardboard design models; an amazing place to work which could hardly contain the vibrant energy constantly overflowing from its interior activity day and night It was almost a decade earlier, around 1994 After just graduating with a professional masters degree in architecture from Virginia Tech, I literally drove across the country to accept an offer which was the opportunity of a lifetime: an internship with Frank O Gehry & Associates, something that most graduates would only dream about That is, if you were among the fiercely hip set of students who were plugged into the latest contemporary designers, an exploding set of young admirers who were following, among others, this postmodern and brazenly irreverent iconoclast who was refreshingly un-academic He was another architect named 'Frank' who we were not forced to study in school, one who had covered his own nondescript 1950s tract house set in a conservative Santa Monica neighborhood with chain-link fence to make a statement about how urban communities consume this material in massive quantities He was a rock star to us and a crusader in the contemporary scene As excited as I was to be involved and working around Gehry, I was just as excited to be entering into the sphere of another master, Rick Smith, who I had read these technologies, using them as a tool to digitally form some amazing architectural edifices Santiago Calatrava, who is an engineer first and then an architect, uses computer technology to embed geometric logic into his structurally laced, designs Prínce Felipe Science Museum, Valencia, Spain - Architect: Santiago Calatrava A few employees who worked with me and learned the methodologies of this technology at Frank Gehry’s went on to work at Zaha Hadid’s Studio in London Their influence helped Zaha to express her own sweeping, fluid formed style of architecture Heydar Aliyev Center, Baku, Azerbaijan Zaha Hadid Architects I am also impressed with MAD Studio, led by Ma Yanssong I believe they have taken the use of this technology to the next level modeling sinuous architecture as represented with their version of a concert hall located in Harbin, China Harbin Opera House Harbin, China, MAD Architects Sir Norman Robert Foster has built one of the largest international architectural firms in the world His firm has a strong background in technical and structural, with a commitment to research integrating a large internal computer technology department into their process London City Hall, Lord Norman Foster & Partners It seems as though now, there are no constraints to design and construction in taking the imagination to reality The limitations appear to be only financial budgets, building codes, and a healthy respect for the constraints of the laws of physics You have to ask yourself, how much more exciting and amazing can the future be? This question is left to the next generation because it will be their imaginations, their dream images, and their innovative spirits that will transform the future There are a number of themes that run throughout the story you have just read, and they are not new They are old themes that repeat themselves over and over with each new generation, everywhere, and in every field of knowledge and discipline These themes began when man and woman, in partnership, first rose up and began to reshape this world It is about timing No successful revolutionary event in history has occurred without years of previous hard work by determined people, who laid down the foundations before It may take generations of research and development before that culminating, inspirational event seems to just occur on its own It is about that innovative and progressive spirit that is ingrained within each of us, with the desire to not be satisfied with our present circumstances, to then question what is considered the established norm, and to improve upon it and go beyond It is about being curious, inquisitive, and innovative, using the discovery process to progress towards making this world a better place It is about continuing to work towards a positive conclusion in spite of the difficulties we may face It is about overcoming the challenges we are confronted with, which comes from disrupting the established traditions and implementing something new The lesson in all of this is to be aware of, and to listen to your inner voice that will direct you to prepare yourself and guide you in your path, as you contribute positively to this rapidly changing world Remember, it takes a team We are not islands Nothing is accomplished working in a vacuum: “Architecture is not created by individuals The genius sketch is a myth Architecture is made by a team of committed people who work together, and in fact, success usually has more to with dumb determination than with genius.” ~ Joshua Prince-Ramus The Office of Metropolitan Architecture, OMA Architectural projects C-cubed has worked on and contributed to: Frank O Gehry & Associates Project Title Walt Disney Concert Hall Via Olympica Fish WDCH Curved Stone Wall Disney Administration Guggenheim Museum Peter Lewis Residence De Neue Zollof Office Guggenheim Seoul Experience Music Project Conde’ Naste Deutsche Bank WDCH CD Drawings Case Western Uni Bard College Theater WDCH Job Site Support Millennium Park Pavilion Horse Head Sculpture MARTa Museum of Art Marques de Riscal Stata Center Location Los Angeles, CA Barcelona, Spain Venice, Italy Anaheim, CA Bilbao, Spain Lyndhurst, Ohio Düsseldorf, Ghb Seoul, S Korea Seattle, WA New York, NY Berlin, Germany Los Angeles, CA Cleveland, Ohio Annandale,, NY Los Angeles Chicago, IL New York, NY Herford, Germany Elciego, Spain Boston, MA Software CATIA V3 CATIA V3 CATIA V3 CATIA V3 CATIA V3 – V4 CATIA V3 – V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 Bilbao, Spain Barcelona, Spain Gibbs Farm, NZ San Francisco, CA Costa Mesa, CA CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 Modeling Start 7/1991 9/1991 6/1992 8/1992 4/1993 7/1993 4/1994 6/1996 7/1995 6/1996 5/1996 8/1996 10/1998 3/1999 1/1999 3/2000 6/2000 6/2000 8/2000 11/2000 Modeling End 1/1994 2/1992 10/1993 10/1993 9/1996 4/1994 10/1996 7/1996 2/1999 7/1998 9/1999 10/2000 5/2001 7/2001 3/2003 6/2003 9/2000 3/2001 /2001 3/2003 Richard Serra Torqued Ellipses I -IV Emmy Pulitzer - Joe Te Tuhirangi Contour GAP headquarters O.C Performing Art 5/1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 1998 1998 1999 2000 2001 Vortex 2000 Fort Worth, TX CATIA V4 2001 2001 Kansas City, MO Washington, D.C Philadelphia, PA CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 10/2003 8/2004 8/1992 9/2005 9/2005 9/2005 Madison, WI CATIA V4 10/2003 2/2004 CATIA V4 5/2006 NB CATIA V4 9/2007 4/2008 Universal, CA Los Angeles, CA CATIA V4 CATIA V4 1/2011 2/2013 2/2011 3/2013 New York, NY Santa Monica, CA Quincy, MA New York, NY Washington, D.C Alberta, Canada Las Vegas, NV Monroe, LA CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 CATIA V4 Rhino V5 11/2006 11/2006 5/2007 7/2007 7/2007 8/2008 5/2009 8/2015 2008 3/2007 7/2007 9/2007 11/2007 1/2009 9/2010 2/2016 Moshe Safdie & Associates Kansas Performing Arts US Institute of Peace Philadelphia Library Cesar Pelli & Associates Overture Center the Arts Claes Oldenburg & Coosje van Bruggen WDCH Bow Tie Los Angeles, CA Thom Mayne Morphosis Martin Brothers – Marco Wall Astronomy Dpt, CALTECH Pasadena, CA Martin Brothers-Marco Wall Transformer Screens LACMA Museum Kukaloo 3form Alice Tully Hall Sunset Blvd Cascading wall HSBC HQ Ceiling Star Spangled Banner Alberta Gallery of Arts Cirque du Soliel Theater Century Link Photo Credits Walt Disney Concert Hall, Dustin Fisher Front cover Concord landing at Heathrow airport, www.AirFacts.com Concord on Thames, Wikimedia Commons Concord fire trail, Christian Science Monitor, Toshihiko Sato/AP/File Concord cutaway drawing, FlightGlobal Massachusetts Institute of Technology, APT machined part, Wikimedia Commons Antoni Gaudi, Physical model of Sagrada Familia, Rick Smith Antoni Gaudi, Casa Mila, Rick Smith 18 Antoni Gaudi Sagrada Familia ceiling, eyegami.co 19 DEC PDP 11-70, stock photo 24 16 18 Lockheed L-1011 Tristar, Stock photo 30 Wing design drafted, Rick Smith 30 Lockheed L-1011 Tristar cutaway drawing, FlightGlobal 31 Marcel Dassault operating CATIA, https://alchetron.com/Marcel-Dassault-1290469-W#Chevron Oil derrick, stock photo 36 Space Shuttle, NASA.gov/imagery 37 Challenger explosion, AP stock photo 38 IBM 360 control room, Google search image 40 Space Shuttle fuel valve CATIA model, Rick Smith 41 Parker Hannifin valve dowel model, Rick Smith 43 Parker Hannifin Tracer Mills, Rick Smith 44 Parker Hannifin CATIA flight control models, Rick Smith 45 Parker Hannifin milled parts, Rick Smith 45 San Onofre Nuclear Power Plant, Google search image 47 Southern California Edison turbine blade, Rick Smith 49 Lockheed F 117, Wikipedia 49 Frank Gehry residence, Greg Headley 52 Jaguar, Mercedes, Ferrari, Google search image 54 Megola, 4ever2wheels.com 55 Quantum Leap, Eddie Meeks 55 Walt Disney Concert Hall Frank Gehry physical model, Rick Smith 63 Barcelona Fish CATIA model, Rick Smith 65 Barcelona Fish mockup, Rick Smith 66 Barcelona Fish CATIA model, Rick Smith 66 Barcelona Fish CATIA model, Rick Smith 67 Barcelona Fish, Rick Smith 69 Barcelona Fish, Rick Smith 70 Walt Disney Concert Hall original model, Disney stock photo 72 Walt Disney Concert Hall modeling digitizing, Rick Smith 75 Walt Disney Concert Hall wind tunnel model, Rick Smith 82 Walt Disney Concert Hall CATIA models, Rick Smith 84 Walt Disney Concert Hall acoustic models, Nagata Acoustics Walt Disney Concert Hall acoustic maps, Nagata Acoustics Walt Disney Concert Hall acoustic physical model, Rick Smith Walt Disney Concert Hall organ CATIA model, Rick Smith Walt Disney Concert Hall ceiling CATIA model, Rick Smith Walt Disney Concert Hall isometric CATIA drawing, Rick Smith Claus Sluter statues, Visual Arts Encyclopedia 95 Peter Lewis Residence red velvet physical model 96 Peter Lewis Residence CATIA models 97 Peter Lewis Residence CATIA structure model 98 Peter Lewis Residence CATIA assembled model 98 Peter Lewis Residence Stereo Lithography model 99 Disneyland Anaheim Administration building, Rick Smith 103 33 85 86 86 87 87 90 Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao CATIA model, Rick Smith 106 Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao BoCAD model, URSSA 107 Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao construction, IDOM 108 Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Guggenheim Museum 109 Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Rick Smith 110 Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Rick Smith 112 Der Neuer Zollhof, Dusseldorf, Der Neuer Zollhof 113 Der Neuer Zollhof, Dusseldorf CATIA model, Rick Smith 115 Der Neuer Zollhof, Dusseldorf, Jens Koopmann 116 Der Neuer Zollhof, Dusseldorf machining, Peri Groupe 116 Der Neuer Zollhof, Dusseldorf rebar, Peri Groupe 117 Der Neuer Zollhof, Dusseldorf machining, Peri Groupe 117 Der Neuer Zollhof, Dusseldorf Wikimedia Commons 118 Richard Serra, Torqued Ellipse, CATIA Model, Rick Smith 120 Richard Serra, Torqued Ellipse, CATIA Model, Rick Smith 121 Richard Serra, Torqued Ellipse, Dia Museum, Rick Smith 123 Richard Serra, Torqued Ellipse diagram, Rick Smith 124 Richard Serra, Torqued Ellipse, steel plates Pickhan, Rick Smith 124 Richard Serra, Torqued Ellipse Emmy, CATIA model, Rick Smith 125 Richard Serra, Elliptical wave CATIA model, Rick Smith 125 Richard Serra, Elliptical wave, Pickhan, Rick Smith 126 Richard Serra, S curve, CATIA model, Rick Smith 126 Richard Serra sculptures in Guggenheim Museum, Rick Smith 127 Richard Serra, Gap HQs Charlie Brown sculpture, CATIA model, Rick Smith 128 Richard Serra, Gap HQs Charlie Brown sculpture installation, Rick Smith 128 Richard Serra, Gap HQs Charlie Brown sculpture, Rick Smith 129 Richard Serra, Vortex, Fort Worth Museum, Richard Serra 129 Richard Serra, Torqued Ellipse diagram artwork, Richard Serra 130 EMP, Frank Gehry physical model, Rick Smith 134 EMP, CATIA analysis diagram, Rick Smith 136 EMP, CATIA model, Rick Smith 137 EMP, CATIA model, Rick Smith 137 EMP, CATIA panel model, Rick Smith 139 EMP, CATIA panel drawing, Rick Smith 140 EMP, building, Wikimedia Commons 140 EMP, CATIA structure model, Rick Smith 141 EMP, CATIA structure model, Rick Smith 141 EMP, Structure Fabrication, Columbia Wire & Iron 144 EMP, Structure installation, Rick Smith 143 Conde’ Nast, CATIA model, Rick Smith 147 Conde’ Nast, CATIA model, Rick Smith 148 Conde’ Nast, Cafeteria, Rick Smith 151 Millennium Bridge 2000, Diagrams, Mas ayuki Naka, (2005) 1000 Scenarios of Failure, Morikita Shuppan CO, Ltd 157 Millennium Bridge 2000, Wikimedia Commons 158 Deutsche Bank, Horse Head, CATIA model, Rick Smith 160 Deutsche Bank, Horse Head, Physical model, Rick Smith 160 Deutsche Bank, Horse Head, Structural CATIA model, Rick Smith 161 Deutsche Bank, Horse Head, Glass surfaces & mullion CATIA models, Rick Smith Deutsche Bank, Horse Head, Mullion connection, Rick Smith 162 Deutsche Bank, Horse Head, Rick Smith 163 Deutsche Bank, Horse Head sculpture, 3D printed model, Rick Smith WDCH, Founder’s Room CATIA models, Rick Smith 168 WDCH, Founder’s Room interior CATIA models, Rick Smith 168 WDCH, Founder’s Room interior ceiling CATIA models, Rick Smith 169 WDCH, Founder’s Room, Rick Smith WDCH, Founder’s physical model, Rick Smith WDCH, Structure center lines, Rick Smith 176 WDCH, Structure flag lines CATIA model, Rick Smith 176 WDCH, 3D Structure CATIA model, Rick Smith 178 WDCH, Pillow Ceiling CATIA model, Rick Smith 180 WDCH, Ceiling CATIA model, Rick Smith 182 WDCH, Founder’s Room Structure HVAC CATIA model, Rick Smith WDCH, Concrete CATIA model, Rick Smith 183 WDCH, Cleaning system, Rick Smith 184 WDCH, Section drawings CATIA, Rick Smith 186 WDCH, Plan drawing CATIA, Rick Smith 187 WDCH, Cutaway CATIA model, Rick Smith 187 Peter Lewis Wheatherhead School, Rick Smith 190 Bard College Fisher Center Theater, Wikimedia Commons Marquis de Riscal Winery, Rick Smith 193 Marquis de Riscal Winery, CATIA model, Rick Smith 194 Marquis de Riscal Winery, Structure model, Karl Blette 194 Jay Pritzker Pavilion, Millennium Park Chicago, Rick Smith Ray and Marie Stata Center, MIT, CATIA model, Chris Banks 60 Minutes filming, Rick Smith 205 WDCH, Curtain wall framing, CATIA model, Marsio Perin WDCH, Curtain wall framing diagram, CATIA model, Rick Smith WDCH, Radius Track bending, Rick Smith 209 WDCH, Founder’s Room framing, Rick Smith 209 WDCH, Ceiling, CATIA model, Rick Smith 209 WDCH, Ceiling ducting, Rick Smith 210 WDCH, Ceiling, CATIA model, Rick Smith 211 WDCH, Ceiling Pillow structure, CATIA model, Rick Smith WDCH, Scaffolding, Rick Smith 212 162 164 169 170 182 192 195 196 208 208 211 WDCH, Ceiling framing, CATIA model, Rick Smith 213 WDCH, Framing laser cut fins, CATIA model, Rick Smith 214 WDCH, Frame assembly, CATIA model, Rick Smith 214 WDCH, Ceiling structure framing, CATIA model, Rick Smith 215 WDCH, Ceiling framing jig assembly, CATIA model, Rick Smith 216 WDCH, Ceiling framing jig assembled, Rick Smith 216 WDCH, Ceiling framing out of jig, CATIA model, Rick Smith 216 WDCH, Ceiling panels flattened, CATIA model, Rick Smith 217 WDCH, Ceiling panels flattened, CATIA model, Rick Smith 217 WDCH, Ceiling framing assembly, Rick Smith 218 WDCH, Ceiling framing assembly, Rick Smith 218 WDCH, Ceiling framing diagram, Rick Smith 219 WDCH, Ceiling panel shipped, Rick Smith 220 WDCH, Ceiling panel installation, Rick Smith 220 WDCH, Ceiling structure connection, CATIA model, Rick Smith 220 WDCH, Ceiling framing installation, Rick Smith 221 WDCH, Interior installation, Rick Smith 222 WDCH, A Rose for Lilly garden fountain, Rick Smith 225 WDCH, A Rose for Lilly garden fountain close up, Michelle Newell 225 WDCH, Digital Project image of WDCH CATIA V4 model, Gehry Technologies 230 WDCH, Trees structure HVAC assembly, CATIA model, Rick Smith 233 WDCH, Interior structure line analysis, CATIA model, Rick Smith 234 WDCH, Interior structure 3D shape analysis, CATIA model, Rick Smith 234 Moshe Safdie, Habitat ’67, Wikimedia Commons 247 Moshe Safdie, Marina Sands, Wikimedia Commons 249 Moshe Safdie, Sky Habitat, Wikimedia Commons 249 Moshe Safdie, Yitzhak Rabin Center, ArchiTeam 250 Moshe Safdie, Virasat-e-Khalsa Memorial Complex , Virasat E Khalsa 250 Moshe Safdie, Yad Vashem Holocaust History Museum, Wikipedia 251 Moshe Safdie, Yad Vashem Holocaust History Museum, Wikipedia 251 Moshe Safdie, Yad Vashem Holocaust History Museum, Wikipedia 252 Moshe Safdie, Yad Vashem Holocaust History Museum, Wikipedia 252 Moshe Safdie, Yad Vashem Holocaust History Museum, Wikipedia 253 Moshe Safdie, Yad Vashem Holocaust History Museum, Wikipedia 253 Moshe Safdie, Yad Vashem Holocaust History Museum, Wikipedia 254 Moshe Safdie, Yad Vashem Holocaust History Museum, Wikipedia 254 Moshe Safdie, Kauffman Performing Arts Center, CATIA model, Rick Smith 258 Moshe Safdie, Kauffman Performing Arts Center, CATIA model, Rick Smith 258 Moshe Safdie, Kauffman Performing Arts Center, Overland Park 259 Moshe Safdie, Kauffman Performing Arts Center, Tim Hursley 259 Moshe Safdie, Kauffman Performing Arts Center, Eric Bowers 260 Moshe Safdie, Kauffman Performing Arts Center, Eric Bowers 260 Moshe Safdie, Institute of Peace, Moshe Safdie 261 Moshe Safdie, Institute of Peace, CATIA model, Rick Smith 262 Moshe Safdie, Institute of Peace, CATIA model, Rick Smith Sine Wave collage, Rick Smith 263 Sine Wave sculpture CATIA model, Rick Smith 264 Sine Wave sculpture image, Rick Smith 264 Cirque du Soleil Love Theater entrance, Rick Smith 265 Fibonacci Sequence diagram, Rick Smith 266 Fibonacci Sequence collage, Rick Smith 266 Fibonacci sculpture CATIA model, Rick Smith 267 Times & Seasons sculpture, CATIA model, Rick Smith 268 Moshe Safdie, Art and Science Museum at Marina Bay Sands Hotel, Morphosis, CalTech Cahill Center for Astronomy, California Institute of Technology 271 Morphosis, CalTech Cahill Center for Astronomy, Stairs, Morphosis, CalTech Cahill Center for Astronomy, CATIA model, Rick Smith Morphosis, CalTech Cahill Center for Astronomy, Drawings, Cameron Kemsley Morphosis, CalTech Cahill Center for Astronomy, Frame installation, Rick Smith Diler, Scofidio & Renfro, Alice Tully Hall Lincoln Center, 3form Antelope Canyon, Arizona, Rick Smith 280 Randall Stout Architects, Alberta Gallery of Arts, Rhino model, Randall Stout Randall Stout Architects, Alberta Gallery of Arts, Rhino stair model, Rick Smith Randall Stout Architects, Alberta Gallery of Arts, Rhino model, Randall Stout Randall Stout Architects, Alberta Gallery of Arts, Rhino model, Manzer Mirkar Randall Stout Architects, Alberta Gallery of Arts, Rhino structure model, Manzer Mirkar Star Spangled Banner, Smithsonian Institute 285 Star Spangled Banner, 3D model, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill 285 Star Spangled Banner, Physical framing, Rick Smith 286 Star Spangled Banner, Physical Connectors, Rick Smith 287 Star Spangled Banner, Physical sculpture, Rick Smith 288 Cirque du Soleil Theater, Las Vegas, CATIA model, Rick Smith 289 Cirque du Soleil Theater, Las Vegas, Rick Smith 290 Cirque du Soleil Theater, Las Vegas, Rick Smith 291 Santiago Calatrava, Wikimedia Commons 310 Zaha Hadid Architects, Heydar Aliyev Center, Lotos CO Ltd 311 MAD Architects, Harbin Opera House, Hufton + Crow 311 Sir Norman Foster, London City Hall, Pinterest 312 Sir Norman Foster, London City Hall, Alex Yeoung 312 262 268 272 273 274 275 279 281 282 282 283 283 [1] There is an obscured footnote in history, debating that a number of men flew before the Wright brothers Gustave Whitehead claimed to have flown a manned, controlled, motorized airplane on August 14, 1901 in Connecticut The Brazilian’s claim their own citizen, Santos-Dumont was the first Reading this book you will understand events becomes established in the historical record depending on how well it is documented and publicized Even then it can still become a point of contention [2] Le Corbusier, “The Engineer’s Aesthetic and Architecture,” Towards A New Architecture, trans from the French by Frederick Etchells, Holt Rinehart, and Winston, New York, N.Y., 1976, p 13 [3] Ibid, Page 13 [4] Ibid, Page 13 [5] Safdie, Moshe Beyond Habitat, Tundra Books of Montreal, 1970 [6] I Le Corbusier, “The Engineer’s Aesthetic and Architecture,” Towards A New Architecture, trans from the French by Frederick Etchells, Holt Rinehart, and Winston, New York, N.Y., 1976, p 13 [7] It is interesting to note that Gaudi’s architecture is considered so geometrically intricate and complicated that his Sagrada Familia, which broke ground in 1882 is still under construction It needed the advent of new technology Jordi Bonet i Armengol introduced computers to the project in the 1980s It eventually required the use of 3D modeling computer systems Mark Burry, an architect from New Zealand and now Director of research at the RIMT University, in Melbourne Australia began using Computer Vision CADDS to extract Gaudi’s geometries from his physical models for construction Now with its completion scheduled for 2026 they are using CATIA and Rhino for 3D modeling and fabrication [8] Robert Rivlin, The Algorithmic Image: Graphic Visions of the Computer Age, Microsoft Press, Oct 1986 Kenneth D Keel, Leonardo Da Vinci’s Elements of the Science of Man, Academic Press, 1983 [10] The Talisman: The Autobiography of Marcel Dassault, Creator of the Mirage Jet, Marcel Dassault, Arlington House, copyright 1971, [9] [11] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bjork%E2%80%93Shiley_valve http://www.pritzkerprize.com/1989/bio [13] Ibid [14] Paul Goldberger, Walk-Through Models In Frank Gehry Show, New York Times, August, 1988 [15] Charlie Rose interview, Richard Serra, 2001 [16] Sam Kaplan, Los Angeles Times Calendar section, October 21, 2003 [17] Lacayo, Richard The Art of Warp Time (October 27, 2003): p 71 [18] M Day, Architect Frank Gehry Finds Art and Business, AEC, Feb 23, 2004 [12] [19] Mike Boehm, A Rocky road step by step, Los Angeles Time, Sept 14, 2003 https://cfileonline.org/interview-garth-clark-frank-gehry-lillie-disney/ [21] Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary [22] Information and images about the process provided by Daniel Beckmann of Nagata Acoustics [23] Interview, 60 Minutes episode, CBS network, aired January 21, 2002 [24] Francesco Dal Co, Kurt W Forster, Frank O Gehry: The Complete Works, Monacelli Press, 2001 [25] http://www.telos.tv/films/aConstructiveMadness.html [20] [26] Lynne Cooke, Richard Serra, in an interview with and Michael Govan, in Richard Serra: Torqued Ellipses (New York: Dia Center for the Arts, 1997), pp 27–28 [27] [28] Interview with Charlie Rose, 200, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEvklGKd6uE The New York Times, November 27, 1955 [29] Barnett, Erica C (June 17–June 23, 2004) EMPty The Stranger [30] Ibid [31] Cheek, Lawrence W (September 26, 2006) On Architecture: Corrugated steel is a nice wrinkle [32] Raban, Jonathan Deference to nature keeps Seattle from becoming world-class city Seattle Times April 4, 2004 [33] http://www.infosoftcomputers.net/catia.php Lisa Grossman, Metric Math Mistake Muffs Mars Metrological Mission, Wired Nov.10, 2010 [35] Robin Lloyd, Metric mishap caused loss of NASA Orbiter, CNN Web post September 30, 1999 [34] [36] Michel Marriott, WHAT'S NEXT; A Campus for Collaboration, at a Billion Bits Per Second, New York Times Technology, Aug 15, 2002, [37] Richard J Boland, Jr Kalle Lyytien, Youngjin Yoo Path Creation with Digital 3D Representations: Networks of Innovation in Architectural Design and Construction DIGIT 2003 Proceedings Paper [38] Interview, 60 Minutes episode, CBS network, aired January 21, 2002 [39] http://www.architosh.com/news/2003-09/2003c-0909-gehrytech.phtml [40] Gehry Technologies Press Release announcement, October 23, 2003 [41] Tekla S Perry, Dennis Shelden: Turning dreams into reality http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/careers/careerstemplate.jsp?ArticleId=p020904 [42] Harrison Binks, Organic Forming, Focus Frank Gehry, C3 3D Design & Visualization Magazine [43] https://architecture.mit.edu/faculty/dennis-Shelden [44] http://www.3ds.com/press-releases/single/gehry-technologies-extends-partnership-with-dassault-systemes-todevelop-solutions-for-building-ind/ [45] https://enwikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Project [46] M.A Mortensen Company, Mechanic’s Lien, n 02450240, Los Angeles, California, August 22, 2003 [47] M.A Mortensen Company, Plaintiff, v Walt Disney Concert Hall et al, Defendant, Superior Court of The State of California, For The County of Los Angeles, Case No BC 306166, November 14, 2003 [48] Agreement Between Walt Disney Concert Hall 1, Inc and the Contractor, M.A Mortensen, “General Conditions of the Contract for Construction ,“ Section 01311-1, “Project Coordination,” 1.03 Coordination and Project Conditions,” FOG/A Project #9807, November 9th , 1999 [49] Shelley Murphy, MIT Sues Gehry, citing leaks in $300m Complex, blames famous architect for design flaw, Boston Globe, November 6, 2007 [50] http://gfxspeak.com/2011/10/19/autodesk-buys-into-frank-gehry%E2%80%99s-catia-powered-think-tank/ [51] http://www.dezeen.com/2014/09/08/trimble-buys-frank-gehry-technologies/ [52] http://www.cam.ac.uk/research/features/the-intoxication-of-power [53] Richard Chang, Performing Arts Center sues architect, construction firm, Orange County Register, August 21, 2013 [54] [55] [56] http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/museum/overview.asp http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/museum/overview.asp The significance of a ram’s horn, made to use as a trumpet (a Shofar) is referenced in the Torah and Old Testament Joshua 6:4, “Seven priests shall bear seven trumpets of rams’ horns before the ark On the seventh day you shall march around the city seven times, and the priests shall blow the trumpets Numbers 10:9, “If you go to war in your land against an adversary that oppresses you, you shall blow trumpets and be remembered before the Lord your God, and thus be saved from your enemies.” [57] The symbol of a dove holding an olive leaf is referenced from the Torah and Old Testament Genesis 8:11, “And the dove came in to him at eventide; and, lo, in her mouth an olive leaf pluckt off: so Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth.” Peace restored [58] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics http://americanhistory.si.edu/museum/renovation [60] Cirque du Soleil, Press Material introduction [59] [61] [62] Joe Darion, The Impossible Dream, Mitchell Leigh, Copyright © Helena Music Company https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lectures_on_the_Philosophy_of_History ... Standing on the edge of the Thames I had a poignant moment I had seen the beginning, and I was now seeing the end to forty years of intriguing history in the life cycle of one of mankind’s great.. .Fabricating the Frank Gehry Legacy The Story of the Evolution of Digital Practice in Frank Gehry s office A Memoir by Rick Smith Amazon Books Copyright... misprint in the press, then a complete misrepresentation, and finally blatant propaganda promoting it was the managers of the office who were the innovators In the end, the technology and the history