THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Dictionary of Leisure, Travel and Tourism third edition Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Specialist dictionaries Dictionary of Accounting 7475 6991 Dictionary of Agriculture 7136 7778 Dictionary of Banking and Finance 7136 7739 Dictionary of Business 7136 7918 Dictionary of Computing 7475 6622 Dictionary of Economics 7136 8203 Dictionary of Environment and Ecology 7475 7201 Dictionary of Food Science and Nutrition 7136 7784 Dictionary of Human Resources and Personnel Management 7136 8142 X Dictionary of Information and Library Management 7136 7591 Dictionary of Marketing 7475 6621 Dictionary of Media Studies 7136 7593 Dictionary of Medical Terms 7136 7603 Dictionary of Nursing 7475 6634 Dictionary of Politics and Government 7475 7220 Dictionary of Publishing and Printing 7136 7589 Dictionary of Science and Technology 7475 6620 Dictionary of Sports Science 7136 7785 Easier English™ titles Easier English Basic Dictionary 7475 6644 Easier English Basic Synonyms 7475 6979 Easier English Dictionary: Handy Pocket Edition 7475 6625 Easier English Intermediate Dictionary 7475 6989 Easier English Student Dictionary 7475 6624 English Thesaurus for Students 9016 5931 Check Your English Vocabulary workbooks Academic English 7475 6691 Business and Administration 7136 7916 Human Resources 7475 6997 Law 7136 7592 Living in the UK 7136 7914 X Medicine 7136 7590 X FCE + 7475 6981 IELTS 7136 7604 Phrasal Verbs and Idioms 7136 7805 TOEFL® 7475 6984 TOEIC 7136 7508 X Visit our website for full details of all our books: www.acblack.com www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Dictionary of Leisure, Travel and Tourism third edition A & C Black ț London Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.acblack.com Originally published by Peter Collin Publishing as Dictionary of Hotels, Tourism and Catering Management First published 1994, reprinted 1999 Second edition published 2001 This third edition published 2005, reprinted 2006 A & C Black Publishers Ltd 38 Soho Square, London W1D 3HB Copyright © P H Collin 1994, 2003 This edition copyright © A & C Black Publishers Ltd 2006 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the permission of the publishers A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library eISBN-13: 978-1-4081-0212-1 Text Production and Proofreading Heather Bateman, Emma Harris, Katy McAdam This book is produced using paper that is made from wood grown in managed, sustainable forests It is natural, renewable and recyclable The logging and manufacturing processes conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin Text typeset by A & C Black Printed in Spain by Graphycems www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Preface This dictionary aims to provide the basic vocabulary of terms used in the leisure, travel and tourism industries; the fields covered include catering (restaurants and kitchens), hotels and guesthouses, travel, insurance and health and safety, together with terms relating to general business, such as accounts, personnel etc For this new edition of the dictionary we have expanded and edited the text to keep pace with changes in the industries For example, readers will find terms related to food and drink (including different diets and types of coffee), ecotourism, extreme sports etc At the same time, to make the dictionary more useful to students, we give phonetic transcriptions for all the headwords The main words and phrases are defined in simple English and in some cases the definitions have been expanded by explanatory comments We also give quotations from specialist magazines and other publications relating to the subjects The supplements at the back give additional information We are grateful to many people who have contributed to the work, in particular Joseph Armstrong and Hazel and David Curties who read the text and provided many valuable comments for the first edition Also, many thanks to Marzena Przeczek for her invaluable contributions to the text Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Pronunciation Guide The following symbols have been used to show the pronunciation of the main words in the dictionary Stress is indicated by a main stress mark ( ) and a secondary stress mark ( ) Note that these are only guides, as the stress of the word changes according to its position in the sentence Vowels ɑ ɒ a aυ aə aυə ɔ ɔ e eə e eυ i i ə ə u u υ υə Consonants back harm stop type how hire hour course annoy head fair make go word keep happy about fit near annual pool book tour shut b d ð d f h j k l m n ŋ p r s ʃ t tʃ θ v w x z buck dead other jump fare gold head yellow cab leave mix nil sing print rest save shop take change theft value work loch measure zone www.ebook777.com Leisure.fm Page Friday, April 8, 2005 1:20 PM Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com A AA / d b(ə)l e/ abbreviation ROAD TRAVEL AA absenteeism / bs(ə)n ti z(ə)m/ noun absenteeism | Automobile Association AAA / trp(ə)l e/ abbreviation ROAD TRAVEL American Automobile Association AA rosette / e e rəυ zet/ noun CATERING an award given by the AA to hotels and restaurants serving high-quality food Abbr the act of staying away from work for no good reason AAR (NOTE: The AA awards an establishment between one and five rosettes, depending on the quality of its food and service.) abattoir / bətwɑ / noun a place where volume AAA AA rosette | abattoir animals are slaughtered for their meat abbey / bi/ noun a Christian religious abbey establishment for monks or nuns, consisting of living quarters and other buildings grouped round a church COMMENT: In Great Britain, abbeys were abolished in the 16th century at the Reformation, but some abbey churches remain in use (such as Westminster Abbey); others became ruins (such as Fountains Abbey); others were converted into private houses (such as Lacock Abbey) aboard /ə bɔ d/ adverb on a ship aboard ć The passengers went aboard at 10 p.m ć When the ship docked, customs officers came aboard to inspect the cargo ˽ all aboard! everyone come onto the ship, please! above the line /ə b v ðə lan/ adjective BUSINESS referring to income and expenditure before tax MARKETING advertising that has to be paid for and the cost of which includes a commission paid to an advertising agency Compare below-the-line advertis| above the line | ing BUSINESS ‘…absenteeism has since reduced and now stands at 1.8%’ [Caterer & Hotelkeeper] ABTA / btə/ abbreviation Association of ABTA British Travel Agents abv abbreviation abv the person in the kitchen at a restaurant who shouts the order from the waiter to the chefs, and pins the waiter’s written order on a hook relating to a particular table Also called | / noun CATERING announcer abroad /ə brɔ d/ adverb in or to another abroad | country ć The chairman is abroad on business ć We are going abroad on holiday alcohol by Academy of Culinary Arts /ə k dəmi Academy of Culinary Arts | əv k ln(ə)ri ɑ ts/ noun CATERING an association of chefs, restaurant managers and their suppliers, whose aim is to raise standards in food, cooking and service Abbr ACA freeze-drying /ək seləretd fri z draŋ/ noun CATERING a method of preserving food by heating it for a short time, then freezing it rapidly and drying it in a vacuum Abbr AFD accept /ək sept/ verb to take something which is being offered ć ‘All major credit cards accepted.’ ć Do you accept payment by cheque? access / kses/ noun a way of getting to a place ć The concert hall has access for wheelchairs accessibility /ək ses blti/ noun the condition of a place or a facility, judged by whether it is easy for people, especially disabled people, to reach it or use it accessible /ək sesb(ə)l/ adjective easy to enter or to reach suitable or specially adapted for disabled people accessible room /ək sesb(ə)l ru m/ noun a room with special facilities for disabled people accident / ksd(ə)nt/ noun an unpleasant event which happens suddenly and harms someone’s health ć Accidents usually happen when people are tired or not concentrating on what they are doing ˽ the airline has a good accident record the airline has had few accidents, compared with other airlines ˽ to have an accident to crash, to hit something ć He had an accident as he was driving to the hotel accelerated accelerated freeze-drying | accept | access accessibility | | accessible | accessible room | accident aboyeur / bɔ aboyeur BEVERAGES Leisure.fm Page Friday, April 8, 2005 1:20 PM Free ==> www.ebook777.com accident ebooks insurance accident insurance / ksd(ə)nt n accident insurance | ʃυərəns/ noun FINANCE insurance that will pay if an accident takes place accolade / kəled/ noun an award given to someone as a sign of praise ć She received the highest accolade the association could give ı Little Gem, ribbon accolade ‘…there are 76 Blue Ribbon winners and 40 winners of the Little Gem – the highest accolade for guest accommodation’ [Caterer & Hotelkeeper] accommodate /ə kɒmədet/ verb to provide lodging for someone ć The hostel can accommodate groups of up to fifty hikers accommodate | ‘…the hall of residence accommodates 198 throughout the year with holiday visitors staying during vacation periods’ [Caterer & Hotelkeeper] accommodation /ə kɒmə deʃ(ə)n/ noun a place to live ć Visitors have difficulty accommodation | | in finding hotel accommodation during the summer ć They are living in furnished accommodation ć The hotel has accommodation for fifty guests (NOTE: There is no plural form in British English, but US English also uses accommodations.) ‘…an airline ruling requires airlines to provide a free night’s hotel accommodation for full fare passengers in transit’ [Business Traveller] ‘…the airline providing roomy accommodations at below-average fares’ [Dun’s Business Month] accommodation provider /ə kɒmə accommodation provider | | deʃ(ə)n prə vadə/ noun a place that offers rooms that can be used by tourists or other visitors, e.g a hotel, guesthouse, B & B or hostel accompanied /ə k mp(ə)nid/ adjective TRAVEL travelling with an adult passenger accompanied baggage /ə k mp(ə)nid b d / noun AIR TRAVEL baggage belonging to a passenger who is travelling in the same plane accompanied child /ə k mp(ə)nid tʃald/ noun TRAVEL a child passenger travelling with an adult accompaniment /ə k mp(ə)nimənt/ noun CATERING a small helping of food which is served with a dish, e.g croutons served with fish soup or grated Parmesan cheese served with minestrone accompany /ə k mp(ə)ni/ verb to go with somebody or something ć They travelled to Italy accompanied by their children ć They sent a formal letter of complaint, accompanied by an invoice for damage ć A white sauce is served to accompany the fish accordance /ə kɔ d(ə)ns/ noun ˽ in accordance with in agreement with or according to ć In accordance with your instructions we have deducted 10% to cover | accompanied | accompanied baggage | accompanied child | accompaniment | accompany | accordance | breakages and deposited the balance in your current account ć I am submitting the claim for damages in accordance with the advice of our solicitors accordingly /ə kɔ dŋli/ adverb in agreement with what has been decided ć We have received your letter and have altered the reservations accordingly according to /ə kɔ dŋ tu / preposition as somebody says or writes ć According to the leaflet, the tour should leave the central station at 10.30 ć The air conditioning system was installed according to the manufacturer’s instructions account /ə kaυnt/ noun FINANCE a record of financial transactions over a period of time, such as money paid, received, borrowed or owed ć Please send me your account or a detailed or an itemised account BUSINESS (in a shop) an arrangement that a customer has to buy goods and pay for them at a later date, often the end of the month ć to have an account or a charge account or a credit account with Harrods ć Put it on my account or Charge it to my account ˽ to open an account (of a customer ) to ask a shop to supply goods that you will pay for at a later date ˽ to open an account, to close an account (of a shop) to start or to stop supplying a customer on credit ˽ to stop an account to stop supplying a customer until he or she has paid what is owed ˽ on account as part of the money owed ć He deposited £300 on account with the hotel BUSINESS a customer who does a large amount of business with a firm and has an account ć He is one of our largest accounts ć Our sales force call on their best accounts twice a month ˽ the accounts of a business, a company’s accounts a detailed record of a company’s financial affairs ˽ to keep the accounts to write each sum of money spent or received in the account book ˽ annual accounts accounts prepared at the end of a financial year ˽ accounts payable money owed by a company ˽ accounts receivable money owed to a company ˽ to take account of sb or sth, to take sb or sth into account to consider somebody or something when making a decision or calculation ć You have to take account of the traffic when working out how long it will take you to get to the airport ć We took into account the fact that you might want to stay an extra night í verb ˽ to account for to be responsible for something and able to explain what has happened to it or why it was done ć The cleaners have to account for all linen in guests’ bedrooms ć accordingly | according to | account | www.ebook777.com Leisure.fm Page Friday, April 8, 2005 1:20 PM Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com adaptor plug Reps have to account for all their expenses to the sales manager accountable /ə kaυntəb(ə)l/ adjective responsible for explaining to somebody what has happened to something or why it was done ć The bar steward is accountable to the beverage manager (NOTE: You are accountaccountable | able to someone for something.) accountancy /ə kaυntənsi/ noun | FINANCE the work of an accountant ć He is studying accountancy or He is an accountancy student (NOTE: US English uses accounting in this meaning.) accountant /ə kaυntənt/ noun accountant | ured according to the pH scale pH7 is neutral; numbers above show alkalinity, while pH6 and below is acid acknowledge /ək nɒld / verb to tell a acknowledge | accounting | ‘…applicants will be professionally qualified and have a degree in Commerce or Accounting’ [Australian Financial Review] accounting period /ə kaυntŋ pəriəd/ accounting period | the period usually covered by a company’s accounts accounts department /ə kaυnts d pɑ tmənt/ noun BUSINESS a section of a company which deals with money paid, received, borrowed or owed accounts management /ə kaυnts m nd mənt/ noun BUSINESS the management of a series of customers accreditation /ə kred teʃ(ə)n/ noun BUSINESS appointment as an agent by a company accredited /ə kredtd/ adjective TOURISM appointed by a company such as a hotel chain or a tour operator to act on its behalf acetic acid /ə si tk sd/ noun CATERING an acid that turns wine into vinegar BUSINESS accounts department | sender that a letter, package or shipment has arrived ć He has still not acknowledged my letter of the 24th ć We acknowledge receipt of your booking form and deposit acknowledgment /ək nɒld mənt/, acknowledgement noun the act of acknowledging, or something, such as a letter, that tells the sender that something has been received ć She sent an acknowledgment of receipt ć They sent a letter of acknowledgment action / kʃən/ noun the fact of doing something ˽ out of action out of order, not working ć The extractor fan is out of action | BUSI- account book | accounts management | accreditation | accredited | acetic acid | (NOTE: Acetic acid is also used as a preservative in food such as pickles.) achieved /ə tʃi vd/ adjective done sucachieved | cessfully ‘…achieved room rates are in excess of $200 (£137) off a rack rate of $239–$339’ [Caterer & Hotelkeeper] acid / sd/ noun a chemical substance that is able to dissolve metals ć Hydrochloric acid is secreted in the stomach and forms part of the gastric juices acid COMMENT: Acidity and alkalinity are meas- acknowledgment NESS somebody who keeps a company’s accounts ć The books are kept by a freelance accountant BUSINESS somebody who advises a company on its finances ć We send all our tax queries to our accountant FINANCE somebody who examines accounts account book /ə kaυnt bυk/ noun BUSINESS a book which records sales and purchases accounting /ə kaυntŋ/ noun FINANCE the work of recording money paid, received, borrowed or owed | | solution ć The alkaline solution may help to reduce acidity | accountancy noun acidity /ə sdti/ noun the level of acid in a acidity action Action on Smoking and Health Action on Smoking and Health / kʃən ɒn sməυkŋ ənd helθ/ noun an international organisation which promotes the rights of non-smokers Abbr ASH action-packed holiday / kʃən p kt hɒlde/ noun TOURISM a holiday where you a lot of exciting things activity / k tvti/ noun something that someone does to pass time pleasantly activity holiday / k tvti hɒlde/ noun TOURISM a planned holiday during which you interesting or exciting things such as painting, canoeing or rock-climbing actual flying time / ktʃuəl flaŋ tam/ noun the total time that an aircraft spends in the air during a flight, as opposed to its scheduled flight time or time spent waiting on the ground acute /ə kju t/ adjective MEDICAL referring to pain which is sharp and intense ć She had an acute attack of shingles ad / d/ noun MARKETING same as advertisement (informal ) ć We put an ad in the shop window ć She found her job through an ad in the paper adaptor /ə d ptə/ noun something which holds a piece of equipment in a different way adaptor plug /ə d ptə pl / noun TOURISM a plug which allows a piece of equipment to be plugged into a different-sized socket ć My hair-drier won’t work here in France, because I haven’t brought my adaptor plug action-packed holiday activity | activity holiday | actual flying time acute | ad adaptor | adaptor plug | COMMENT: Adaptor plugs are necessary if you need to use electrical equipment in countries with different electrical systems Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com International currencies continued Country Currency Congo (Democratic Republic of) Congolese franc Costa Rica Colón* Croatia Kuna Cuba Cuban peso Cyprus Cyprus pound Czech Republic Koruna Dahomey (see Benin) Denmark Krone Djibouti Djibouti franc Dominica East Caribbean dollar Dominican RepublicDominican peso Ecuador Sucre* Egypt Egyptian pound Eire (see Irish Republic) El Salvador Colón* Equatorial Guinea CFA franc Estonia Kroon Ethiopia Birr* or Ethiopian dollar Fiji Fiji dollar Finland Euro France Euro French Guiana Euro Gabon CFA franc Gambia, The Dalasi* Germany Euro Ghana Cedi* Georgia Lari Great Britain (see United Kingdom) Greece Euro Grenada East Caribbean dollar Guatemala Quetzal Guinea Guinea franc Guinea-Bissau CFA franc Guyana Guyana dollar Haiti Gourde* Holland (see Netherlands) Honduras Lempira* Hong Kong Hong Kong dollar Hungary Forint Iceland Króna India Rupee Divided into Indonesia sen Rupiah* Abbreviation centimes centimos lipas centavos cents haleru Cub$ £C or C£ K¢ ưre centimes cents centavos centavos piastres DKr or DKK Dj Fr EC$ DR$ Su £E or E£ centavos centimes sents cents cents cents cents cents centimes butut cents pesewas tetri ES¢ CFA Fr C/ EB $F or F$ € € € CFA Fr Di € ¢ cents cents centavos centimes centimes cents centimes € Ecar$ or EC$ Q centavos cents filler aurar paisa La HK$ Ft Ikr R or Re or R$ representative www.ebook777.com CFA Fr G$ or Guy$ Gde Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com International currencies continued Country Iran Iraq Irish Republic Israel Italy Ivory Coast Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Korea (North) Korea (South) Kuwait Kyrgystan Laos Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Macau Madeira Malagasy Republic Currency Rial* Iraqi dinar Euro Shekel Euro CFA franc Jamaican dollar Yen* Jordanian Dinar Tenge Kenya shilling North Korean won* South Korean won* Kuwaiti dinar Som Kip* Lat Lebanese pound Loti* Liberian dollar Libyan dinar Swiss franc Lita Euro Dinar Pataca* Euro Malagasy franc Divided into dinars fils cents agora cents centimes cents sen fils Abbreviation RI ID € IS € CFA Fr J$ Y or ¥ JD cents chon jeon fils tyin at santims piastres lisente cents dirhams centimes KSh or Sh NK W SK W KD cents paras avos cents centimes € Malawi Kwacha* Malaysia Ringgit or Malaysian Dollar Maldives Rufiyaa Mali CFA franc Malta Maltese pound or lira Mauritania Ouguiya* Mauritius Mauritius rupee Mexico Peso Moldova Leu Monaco Euro Mongolian Republic Tugrik* Montserrat East Caribbean dollar tambala sen laaris cents cents khoums cents centavos Morocco Mozambique centimes centavos Dirham Metical* cents möngös cents K or Kp £Leb or L£ L L$ LD SFr or FS P or $ € FMG or Mal Fr K or MK M$ MvRe CFA Fr £M or M£ U Mau Rs or R Mex$ € Tug Ecar$ or EC$ DH M Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com International currencies continued Country Currency Myanmar Kyat* Namibia Namibian dollar Nauru Australian dollar Nepal Nepalese rupee Netherlands Euro New Hebrides (see Vanuatu) New Zealand New Zealand dollar Nicaragua Córdoba Niger CFA franc Nigeria Naira* Norway Krone Oman Rial Omani Pakistan Pakistan rupee Panama Balboa Papua New Guinea Kina* Paraguay Guarani* Peru Sol Philippines Philippine peso Poland Zloty Portugal Euro Puerto Rico US dollar Qatar Qatar Riyal Reunion CFA franc Romania Leu* Russia Rouble Rwanda Rwanda franc St Lucia East Caribbean dollar St Vincent East Caribbean dollar Samoa Tala Saudi Arabia Saudi riyal or rial Senegal CFA franc Serbia & Montenegro Dinar Seychelles Seychelles rupee Sierra Leone Leone Singapore Singapore dollar Slovakia Koruna Slovenia Tolar Solomon Islands Solomon Island dollar Somalia Somali shilling Divided into pyas cents cents paise cents Abbreviation Kt cents centavos centimes kobo ore baizas paise centesimos toea centimos cents centavos groszy cents cents dirhams centimes bani kopeks centimes cents cents sene halala centimes NZ$ C$ or C CFA Fr N or N NKr RO R or Pak Re Ba Ka or K G S P or PP Zl € $ or US$ QR CFA Fr L or l Rub Rw Fr Ecar$ or EC$ Ecar$ or EC$ paras cents cents cents haliers stotin cents cents South Africa Spain Sri Lanka cents cents cents DN Sre or R Le S$ or Sing$ Sk SIT SI$ Som Sh or So Sh R € SC Re Rand* Euro Sri Lankan rupee www.ebook777.com A$ NR or Nre € SA R CFA Fr Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com International currencies continued Country Currency Sudan Sudanese dinar Suriname Suriname guilder Swaziland Lilangeni* Sweden Krona Syria Syrian pound Taiwan New Taiwan dollar Tanzania Tanzanian shilling Thailand Baht* Togo CFA franc Tonga Pa’anga Trinidad & Tobago Trinidad & Tobago dollar Tunisia Tunisian dinar Turkey Turkish lira Turkmenistan Manat Tuvalu Australian dollar Uganda Uganda Shilling Ukraine Hryvna United Arab Emirates UAE dirham Divided into pounds cents cents örer piastres cents cents satang centimes seniti cents millimes kurus tenesi cents cents kopiykas fils United Kingdom USA Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela Vietnam Virgin Islands Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe pence cents centesimos tiyin centimes centimos xu cents fils ngwee cents Pound sterling Dollar Uruguayan peso Sum Vatu Bolívar Dong* US dollar Riyal Kwacha* Zimbabwe dollar Abbreviation SD S Gld Li or E SKr S£ T$ or NT$ TSh Bt CFA Fr TT$ TD TL $A Ush UAE Dh or UD £ or £Stg $ or US$ N$ BS D US$ YR K Z$ Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Public holidays Most countries have many public holidays: some are observed worldwide, while some are particular to each country Many countries celebrate the birthday of their ruler, or past rulers Many countries also celebrate their independence International Public Holidays 1st January New Year’s Day: Observed almost universally as a public holiday 1st May May Day or Labour Day: Observed in many socialist and western countries 12th October Columbus Day or Discovery of America Day: Observed in many countries in South and Central America 24th October United Nations Day: Observed in some (but not all) member countries of the United Nations International Religious Holidays These are observed in many countries, depending on their religion Many religious festivals are not celebrated on a single fixed date, but vary from year to year depending on the calendar end of January or February Chinese New Year: Observed in China, and many other countries with large Chinese populations October or November Diwali: Observed in India and many other countries with Hindu populations March or April Easter: Observed in most Christian countries or countries with large Christian populations; the date of Easter is not the same in the Western or Catholic Church, and the Eastern or orthodox Church May Wesak or Buddha Day: Celebrated in Thailand and other Buddhist countries 15th August Assumption: Observed in most Catholic countries 25th December Christmas Day: Observed in most countries; the orthodox Christmas varies in date Muslim Festivals Ramadan: The most important Muslim festival is Ramadan (the ninth month in the Muslim calendar) which varies in date from year to year The Eid al-Fitr holiday is the last three days of Ramadan Hajj: The Hajj (or pilgrimage to Mecca) takes place during the last month of the Muslim calendar; the last day of the pilgrimage is the holiday of Eid al-Adha 30th August Observed in most Muslim countries www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Public holidays continued National Holidays 1st January Haiti (Independence Day) Sudan (Independence Day) Jewish calendar is lunar the holiday may occur in April or May 4th January Myanmar (Independence Day) 27th April Sierra Leone (Independence Day) South Africa (Freedom Day) 26th January Australia Day India (Republic Day) 3rd May Japan (Constitution Day) Poland (Constitution Day) 4th February Sri Lanka (Independence Day) 14th May Paraguay (Independence Day) 11th February Iran (Republic Day) 17th May Norway (Constitution Day) 16th February Lithuania (Independence Day) 20th May Cameroon (Republic Day) 18th February Gambia (Independence Day) 22nd May Yemen (Unification Day) 23rd February Guyana (Republic Day) 24th May Bermuda Day 24th February Estonia (Independence Day) 25th May Jordan (Independence Day) Argentina (Revolution Day) 25th February Kuwait (National Day) 27th February Dominican Republic (Independence Day) 2nd June Italy (Republic Day) 5th June Denmark (Constitution Day) 17th March Ireland (St Patrick’s Day) 10th June Portugal Day 20th March Tunisia (Independence Day) 12th June Philippines (Independence Day) 21st March Namibia (Independence Day) 17th June Iceland (Independence Day) 23rd March Pakistan (Republic Day) 25th June Mozambique (Independence Day) Slovenia (Statehood Day) 25th March Greece (Independence Day) Gabon (National Day) 17th April Syria (Independence Day) 18th April Zimbabwe (Independence Day) 26th April Tanzania (Union Day) Israel (Independence Day) NOTE: Although Israel declared independence on 14 May 1948, as the 26th June Madagascar (Independence Day) 30th June Democratic Republic of the Congo (Independence Day) 1st July Burundi (Independence Day) Canada Day Rwanda (Independence Day) 4th July USA (Independence Day) Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Public holidays continued 6th July Malawi (Independence Day) 31st August Trinidad & Tobago (Independence Day) 11th July Mongolia (Independence Day) 1st September Libya (Revolution Day) 14th July France (Bastille Day) 6th September Swaziland (Independence Day) 17th July Iraq (Revolution Day) 7th September Brazil (Independence Day) 20th July Colombia (Independence Day) 9th September North Korea (Founding of DPR Korea) 21st July Belgium (National Day) 15th September Costa Rica (Independence Day) El Salvador (Independence Day) Guatemala (Independence Day) Honduras (Independence Day) Nicaragua (Independence Day) 26th July Liberia (Independence Day) Cuba (Rebellion Day) 28th July Peru (Independence Day) 30th July Morocco (Throne Day) 1st August Switzerland (National Day) Benin (National Day) 1st Monday in August Jamaica (Independence Day) 6th August Bolivia (Independence Day) 7th August Cote d’Ivoire (Independence Day) 9th August Singapore (Independence Day) 10th August Ecuador (Independence Day) 11th August Chad (Independence Day) 15th August Republic of the Congo (Independence Day) South Korea (Liberation Day) 17th August Indonesia (Independence Day) 20th August Hungary (St Stephen’s Day) 25th August Uruguay (Independence Day) 31st August Malaysia (Independence Day) 16th September Mexico (Independence Day) 18th September Chile (Independence Day) 22nd September Mali (Independence Day) 1st October Botswana Day China (Anniversary of the Founding of the People’s Republic of China) Nigeria (Independence Day) Cyprus (Independence Day) NOTE: the Turkish Cypriot area celebrates Independence Day on 15 November 2nd October Guinea (Independence Day) 3rd October Germany (Unity Day) 4th October Lesotho (Independence Day) 9th October Uganda (Independence Day) 12th October Spain (National Day) Equatorial Guinea (Independence Day) 2nd Monday in October Fiji (Independence Day) 24th October Zambia (Independence Day) www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Public holidays continued 26th October Austria (National Day) 29th October Turkey (Independence Day) 1st November Algeria (Revolution Day) 2nd November Antigua & Barbuda (Independence Day) 3rd November Dominica (Independence Day) 11th November Angola (Independence Day) 18th November Latvia (Independence Day) 22nd November Lebanon (Independence Day) 25th November Suriname (Independence Day) 28th November Mauritania (Independence Day) 30th November Barbados (Independence Day) 1st December Central African Republic (Republic Day) Romania (Unification Day) 2nd December Laos (Republic Day) United Arab Emirates (Independence Day) 6th December Finland (Independence Day) 10th December Cuba (Independence Day) 11th December Burkina Faso (Republic Day) 12th December Kenya (Independence Day) 16th December Bahrain (National Day) Bangladesh (Victory Day) 17th December Bhutan (National Day) 18th December Niger (Republic Day) Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Accommodation ratings In response to consumer demand, VisitBritain, the Automobile Association and RAC created one overall rating scheme for serviced accommodation, using stars to represent hotels and diamonds for guest accommodation (guesthouses, inns, farmhouses, bed & breakfasts) Serviced Accommodation: Star ratings Star ratings symbolise the level of service, range of facilities and quality of guest care that you can expect Hotels are required to meet progressively higher standards as they move up the scale from one to five stars The gradings are: ȡ Practical accommodation with a limited range of facilities and services, but a high standard of cleanliness throughout Restaurant/eating area 75% of bedrooms with ensuite or private facilities ȡȡ Better-equipped bedrooms, all with ensuite/private bathroom and a colour TV A lift is normally available Dinner available ȡȡȡ Higher standard of services and facilities including larger public areas and bedrooms, a receptionist, room service, laundry ȡȡȡȡ Accommodation offering superior comfort and quality; all bedrooms with ensuite bath, fitted overhead shower and WC Spacious and well-appointed public areas More emphasis on food and drink Room service for all meals and 24 hour drinks, refreshments and snacks Dry cleaning service Excellent customer service ȡȡȡȡȡ A spacious, luxurious establishment offering the highest quality of accommodation, facilities, services and cuisine, with a range of extra facilities Professional, attentive staff should provide flawless guest services Serviced Accommodation: Diamond ratings Diamond ratings for guest accommodation reflect visitor expectations, where quality is seen as more important than facilities and services Guest accommodation is required to meet progressively higher standards of quality and guest care as they move up the scale from one to five diamonds « Clean, comfortable accommodation, providing breakfast «« Good overall level of quality and comfort, more emphasis on guest care ««« Well-maintained, a good choice of breakfast dishes, a very good level of customer care «««« An even higher level of quality and comfort Very good levels of customer care ««««« Exceptional overall quality in furnishing, rooms and customer care, anticipating guests’ needs www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Accommodation ratings continued Self-catering Accommodation All properties have to meet an extensive list of minimum requirements before they can be considered for a star rating Serviced apartments provide self-catering accommodation with additional elements of service, such as a 24-hour concierge service, or a out of day cleaning service ȡ Acceptable overall level of quality Adequate provision of furniture, furnishings and fittings ȡȡ Good overall level of quality All units self-contained; bathrooms where there are eight or more guests ȡȡȡ Good to very good level of quality Good standard of maintenance and decoration Ample space and good quality furniture All double beds with access from both sides Microwaves ȡȡȡȡ Excellent overall level of quality Very good care and attention to detail Either access to washing machine and drier, or a 24-hour laundry service ȡȡȡȡȡ Exceptional overall level of quality High levels of décor, fixtures and fittings, together with excellent standards guest services Excellent range of accessories and personal touches Holiday, Touring and Camping Parks Every year the National Tourist Boards inspect more than 1,000 parks They assess over 50 separate aspects of the parks, from landscaping and layout to maintenance, customer care, and most importantly cleanliness ȡ Acceptable – to achieve this grade, the park must be clean with good standards of maintenance and customer care ȡȡ Good – all the above points plus an improved level of landscaping, lighting, refuse disposal and maintenance ȡȡȡ Very good – most parks fall within this category; three stars represent the industry standard The range of facilities provided may vary from park to park, but they will be of a very good standard and will be well maintained ȡȡȡȡ Excellent quality – careful attention to detail in the provision of all services and facilities ȡȡȡȡȡ Exceptional standards can be expected from these parks, with the highest levels of customer care and attractive surroundings All facilities will be maintained in pristine condition As well as the star rating, all parks have a designator to explain the type of accommodation Holiday Parks offer caravan holiday homes for hire or for sale Touring Parks are for people who want to take their own touring caravan, motorhome or tent Camping Parks have pitches available for tents only Many parks offer combinations of these, for example ‘Holiday and Touring Park’ or ‘Touring and Camping Park’ Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Accommodation ratings continued Hostels: Star ratings Hostels are rated from one to five stars They must meet a minimum entry requirement for both the provision and quality of facilities and services, including fixtures, fittings, furnishings, décor and any other extra facilities The more stars, the higher the overall level of quality Group Hostels provide hostel style accommodation that caters for groups only Bunkhouses offer a similar style of accommodation to hostels, but usually with more limited service and facilities, usually on a self-catering basis Bunkhouses are not star rated but meet the same minimum requirements as hostels, where applicable Camping Barns provide very simple self-catering accommodation Often referred to as ‘stone tents’, they have the advantage of being roomy and dry Camping Barns are not Star rated and will be assessed as being fit for the purpose, meeting a specific minimum entry requirement Campus Accommodation: Star ratings Campus accommodation includes educational establishments such as universities and colleges with sleeping accommodation in halls of residence It is rated from one to five stars Holiday Villages: Star ratings Holiday villages are rated from one to five stars A holiday village usually offers a variety of types of accommodation, with the majority provided in custom-built rooms (e.g chalets, hotel rooms) A range of facilities and activities are also available which may, or may not, be included in the tariff www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com HLTT classifications Business Activity UK SIC Description Sector 55.1 Hotels Hospitality 55.2 Camping sites and other provision of short stay accommodation Hospitality 55.3 Restaurants Hospitality 55.4 Bars Hospitality 55.5 Canteens and catering Hospitality 60.22 Taxi operation Travel 60.23 Renting of buses and coaches Travel 60.3 Activities of travel agents and tour operators Tourism/Travel 74.873 Activities of exhibition and fair organisers Tourism 74.874 Activities of conference organisers Tourism 92.13 Motion picture projection Leisure 92.311 Live theatrical presentations Leisure 92.32 Operation of arts facilities Leisure 92.33 Fair and amusement park activities Leisure 92.34 Dance halls, discos & dance instructors; other entertainment activities Leisure 92.52 Museum activities and preservation of historical sites/buildings Leisure 92.53 Botanical and zoological gardens and nature reserves activities Leisure 92.61 Operation of sports arenas and stadiums Leisure 92.62 Other sporting activities Leisure 92.7 Other recreational activities Leisure Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com HLTT classifications continued Occupation SOC Description 1221 Hotel and accommodation managers 1222 Conference and exhibition managers 1223 Restaurant and catering managers 1224 Publicans and managers of licensed premises 1225 Leisure and sports managers 1226 Travel agency managers 5434 Chefs, cooks 6211 Sports and leisure assistants 6212 Travel agents 6213 Travel and tour guides 6214 Air travel assistants 6215 Rail travel assistants 6219 Leisure and travel service occupations 6231 Housekeepers and related occupations 8213 Bus and coach drivers 9222 Hotel porters 9223 Kitchen and catering assistants 9224 Waiters, waitresses 9225 Bar staff 9226 Leisure and theme park attendants Marginal 2452 Archivists and curators 8214 Taxi drivers and chauffeurs www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Websites Academy of Food and Wine Service www.acfws.org The Academy of Food and Wine Service is the industry’s professional training body, dedicated to improving the basic knowledge of all restaurant staff, incorporating bar skills, wine service and food service British Hospitality Organisation www.bha-online.org.uk The British Hospitality Association has been representing the hotel, restaurant and catering industry for 90 years The Association exists to ensure that the views of the British hospitality industry are represented to government and policy makers in the UK and internationally, in order that its members’ businesses can flourish British Institute of Innkeeping www.bii.org With over 16,000 members, this is the professional body for the licensed retail sector It promotes high standards of professionalism throughout the licensed retail sector; aims to encourage new entrants into the industry, and to help them develop their long-term careers Caterer Online recruitment resource for hotel, restaurant and bar jobs Hospitality Training Foundation www.caterer.com www.htf.org.uk The Restaurant Association www.bha-online.org.uk/restaurantassociation.asp Part of the British Hospitality Organisation, representing the interests of restaurateurs for over 40 years Springboard UK Limited www.springboarduk.org.uk Springboard UK is a young dynamic organisation which promotes careers in hospitality, leisure, tourism and travel to a range of potential recruits and influencers through a network of centres across the UK VisitBritain www.visitbritain.org VisitBritain was created on April 2004, to market Britain to the rest of the world and to the British Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.ebook777.com ... www.ebook777.com Dictionary of Leisure, Travel and Tourism third edition Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Specialist dictionaries Dictionary of Accounting 7475 6991 Dictionary of Agriculture 7136 7778 Dictionary. .. Dictionary of Banking and Finance 7136 7739 Dictionary of Business 7136 7918 Dictionary of Computing 7475 6622 Dictionary of Economics 7136 8203 Dictionary of Environment and Ecology 7475 7201 Dictionary. .. Marketing 7475 6621 Dictionary of Media Studies 7136 7593 Dictionary of Medical Terms 7136 7603 Dictionary of Nursing 7475 6634 Dictionary of Politics and Government 7475 7220 Dictionary of Publishing
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