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3rd Edition. — Cambridge University Press, 2017. — 303 p. — ISBN 9781316630068.The words you need to communicate with confidence.Vocabulary explanations and practice for advanced level (C1 to C2) learners of English. Perfect for both selfstudy and classroom activities. Quickly expand your vocabulary with over 100 units of easy to understand explanations and practice exercises. Also inside the book is a code for an ebook. This is the same as the printed book, but with audio so that you can listen to new words as well as reading them. The ebook is online for Windows and Mac users, and can also be downloaded to iPads and Android tablets.
VOCABULARY 9780 110 7619500 CALD C M Y K M Y K in Use ISBN 978 0521 71266 ISBN 978 0521 67746 C1–C2 CEFR level: English Profile www.englishprofile.org Cambridge English exams: English Vocabulary in Use C2 Proficiency (CPE) Advanced C1 Advanced (CAE) Third Edition Upper Intermediate with answers and eBook B2 First (FCE) B1 + Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary Fourth Edition For upper-intermediate to advanced learners of English Ideal for IELTS, BEC, and Cambridge English: First, Advanced, and Proficiency exam preparation English Collocations With clear definitions and over 140,000 words, phrases, meanings, and examples, plus hundreds of pictures and illustrations, this dictionary is perfect as a reference tool and as a study companion Informed by the Cambridge International Corpus and correlated to English Vocabulary Profile, it is also perfect for exam preparation The CD-ROM contains the complete dictionary and recordings in British and American English in Use NEW! Focus on Writing section deals with all the essential aspects of academic, formal, and informal writing NEW! Up-to-date vocabulary includes words from the areas of technology, media, language, society, and lifestyle, plus important words for academic study Advanced Learner error information shows the most common errors made by learners of English, so that you can avoid making the same mistakes How words work together for fluent and natural English English Vocabulary Profile correlation shows which words and meanings are known by learners at what level, so you can prioritize your vocabulary learning Includes eBook with audio Advanced Learner’s Dictionary Fourth Edition NEW FOCUS ON WRITING SECTION With CD-ROM Felicity O’Dell Michael McCarthy Preliminary (PET) A2 Key (KET) over 230,000 pronunciations of words, names and phrases new words and names of people and places in the news The World of English Pronunciation – lively essays on aspects of pronunciation by leading experts in the field in Use Glossary of terms used in phonetics and phonology notes on the relationship between spellings and sounds Advanced PLUS: The CD-ROM provides these extras: spoken British and American pronunciations of every headword ‘record yourself’ function to practise your pronunciation Search by alphabetic characters or phonetic symbols Vocabulary reference and practice with answers With CD-ROM NEW FOCUS ON WRITING SECTION ISBN 978 107 61950 Improve your understanding of differences in spoken English, with comparisons of everyday conversations and formal situations ENGLISH With CD-ROM English EnglishPronunciation Pronunciationin inUse Use Advanced Advanced En Engglish lishPronunciation PronunciationininUse UseAdvanced Advancedisisfor forlearners learnersofofadvanced advanced level level.The Thematerial materialisisaddressed addressedtotothe theindividual individuallearner learnerwho whomay maybe be working workingalone, alone,but butititcan canalso alsobe beused usedininthe theclassroom classroom This Thisbook bookcovers coversallallaspects aspectsofofpronunciation pronunciationinincommunication communication lish including includingword wordstress, stress,connected connectedspeech speechand andintonation intonation.En Engglish Pronunciation PronunciationininUse UseAdvanced Advancedrecognises recognisesthe theimportance importanceofof pronunciation pronunciationfor forlistening listeningasaswell wellasasspeaking speakingand andlearners learnersare are provided providedwith withboth bothreceptive receptiveand andproductive productivepractice practice lishPronunciation PronunciationininUse UseAdvanced Advanced En Engglish easy-to-usetwo-page two-pageunits: units:explanations explanationsand andexamples examplesofofkey key ••6060easy-to-use pronunciation pronunciationpoints pointsare arepresented presentedon onleft-hand left-handpages pageswith withaarange range ofofexercises exerciseson onfacing facingright-hand right-handpages pages Audiocomponents: components:allallthe theexamples examplesand andexercises exercisesare arerecorded recordedand and ••Audio available availableon onaudio audioCD CD Clearmodel modelfor forrepetition: repetition:aaBritish Britishaccent accentisisused usedasasaamodel modelfor for ••Clear learners learnerstotolisten listentotoand andrepeat repeat Exposuretotodifferent differentaccents: accents:learners learnersare aregiven giventhe theopportunity opportunitytoto ••Exposure listen listentotoaarange rangeofofdifferent differentEnglish Englishaccents accentsand andlearn learnabout abouttheir their similarities similaritiesand anddifferences differences Additionalreference referencesection: section:including includingfun funexercises exercisestotopractise practise ••Additional phonemic phonemicsymbols, symbols,further furtherpractice practiceininconsonant consonant clusters clustersand andword wordstress, stress,aareading readinglist listand andaa glossary glossaryofofspecialised specialisedterms terms The The Cambridge Cambridge International International Corpus Corpus (CIC) (CIC) is ais collection a collection of of over over billion billion Learner-friendlyanswer answerkey key words words of of real real spoken spoken and and written written ••Learner-friendly Martin Hewings Also Alsoavailable: available:Advanced AdvancedGrammar GrammarininUse Use English EnglishVocabulary VocabularyininUse UseAdvanced Advanced Cambridge CambridgeEnglish EnglishPronouncing PronouncingDictionary Dictionary ISBN ISBN 978 978 521 521 61403 61403 0 ISBN ISBN 978 978 521 521 67746 67746 2 WRITING SECTION CD-ROM English Pronunciation Advanced Advanced Martin MartinHewings Hewings ISBN ISBN 978 978 00 521 521 61956 61956 11 Daniel Jones edited by Peter Roach, Jane Setter & John Esling Also available with answers and eBook Dictionary 18th Edition Second Edition Self-study Self-studyand and classroom classroomuse use Michael McCarthy Felicity O’Dell English English The The texts texts areare stored stored in in a a database database that that cancan bebe searched searched to to seesee how how English English is is used used The The CICCIC contains contains over over 4545 million million words words of of spoken spoken English, English, including including thethe million-word million-word CANCODE CANCODE corpus, corpus, collected collected jointly jointly byby Cambridge Cambridge University University Press Press and and thethe University University of of Nottingham Nottingham The The spoken spoken corpus corpus from from thethe CICCIC was was used used in in writing writing this this book book www.cambridge.org/corpus www.cambridge.org/corpus ISBN ISBN 978 978 521 521 68087 68087 5 ISBN ISBN 978 978 00 521 521 71740 71740 33 NEW FOCUS ON ISBN 978 107 61950 English Pronouncing With CD-ROM ADVANCED GRAMMAR IN USE ENGLISH VOCABULARY IN USE ADVANCED CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY ISBN 978 107 53930 ISBN 978 107 63776 Better Learning Includes eBook with audio is our simple approach where ISBN 978 521 15253 deeper insights help shape richer content that drives stronger results Discover more: cambridge.org/betterlearning Martin Hewings ISBN 978 107 53930 English Idioms in Use Advanced is a vocabulary book for advanced-level learners It is primarily designed as a self-study reference and practice book but it can also be used for classroom work • 60 easy-to-use two-page units Idioms are presented and explained on lefthand pages with a range of practice exercises on right-hand pages PRONUNCIATION Self-study and classroom use Also available • Presents and explains idioms in typical contexts using short texts and clear example sentences • Based on a corpus of real written and spoken language to ensure the most useful and relevant idioms at this level are presented • Provides valuable information about register and usage to help students develop more natural-sounding English IN USE • Promotes good learning habits with study tips and follow-up tasks • Helps you avoid common pitfalls with error warning notes highlighting typical mistakes made by learners at this level Advanced ENGLISH PHRASAL VERBS IN USE ADVANCED ENGLISH COLLOCATIONS IN USE ADVANCED ENGLISH VOCABULARY IN USE ADVANCED Third Edition Cambridge 18th Edition C1–C2 Cambridge Dictionary Self-study and classroom use dictionary.cambridge.org ISBN 978 521 70780 9780 521 15255 Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary cvr C M Y K M Y K 9781107539303 Hewings: Advanced Grammar in Use With answers & ebook 3rd Edition Cover C 9780 110 7619500 CALD C M Y K English Vocabulary in Use The 18th edition features: NEW FOCUS ON WRITING SECTION With CD-ROM • Remember words more effectively with lots of opportunities for personalised practice • listen to new words as well as reading them • bookmark pages, highlight text and add notes to help you remember words NEW COVER ISBN XX NEW COVER ISBN XX ENGLISH IDIOMS IN USE 60 units of vocabulary reference and practice Also available Self-study and classroom use Second Edition CEF Advanced C1–C2 Martin Hewings NEW COVER Advanced On the CD-ROM: • Two extra exercises for each unit Mac OSX 10.6, 10.7 or 10.8 • Learn useful collocations from a wide range of topics relevant to modern life such as: opening gambit, work up an appetite and star-studded cast • Avoid common mistakes and improve your exam results by studying error warnings – based on real student errors from Cambridge ESOL papers for CAE, CPE and IELTS • Develop better learning strategies through study tips and follow-up activities • 60 easy-to-use two-page units: collocations are presented and explained on left-hand pages with a range of practice exercises on right-hand pages • Presents and explains approximately 1,500 collocations in typical contexts using short texts, dialogues, tables and charts • Contains a comprehensive answer key and full index for easy reference • Highlights register to help students choose the appropriate language for particular situations • Informed by the Cambridge English Corpus to ensure that the most frequently used collocations are presented English Phrasal Verbs The 18th edition of Daniel Jones’s classic work is the definitive guide to contemporary English pronunciation Advanced Advanced Simon Haines Mark Nettle with Martin Hewings Understand how pronunciation works, including individual sounds, word stress, connected speech and intonation • Editio Cambridge n English Pronouncing Dictionary 18th Edition English pronunciation – from aardvark to zymotic and Adobe to Zuma! English Vocabulary with answers dictionary.cambridge.org ENGLISH IDIOMS IN USE Advanced Advanced • A ‘common mistakes’ feature which helps you avoid frequent errors To find out more about the English Vocabulary in Use series, visit www.cambridge.org/elt/inuse • Personalised, printable tests – ideal for A self-study reference and practice book exam practice For Windows® Vista or Windows® / 8learners and forXP,advanced of English Also available: English Collocations in Use Advanced B1 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary Fourth Edition English Collocations in Use Advanced Collocations are word combinations that frequently appear together This book will help you master collocations, which will make your English sound more natural and fluent English Collocations in Use Advanced Also available: English Phrasal Verbs in Use Advanced Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary English Vocabulary in Use Advanced ISBN 978 0521 68418 best-selli series ng English English Pronunciation Pronunciation in in Use Use NEW FOCUS ON WRITING SECTION • Hewings Hewings With CD-ROM Practise your pronunciation with simple ‘listen and repeat’ activities, modelled with a clear British English accent Cambridge Pronouncing Dictionary Fourth Edition ISBN 978 107 61950 world’s grammar McCarthy and O’Dell English Vocabulary in Use Advanced Advanced Grammar in Use Supplementary Exercises with answers With CD-ROM Advanced Learner’s Advanced Learner’s Dictionary NEW FOCUS ON WRITING SECTION Simon Haines Mark Nettle with Martin Hewings Cambridge Fourth Edition Cambridge Dictionary with answers dictionary.cambridge.org • New The English Vocabulary in Use Advanced Second Edition Do you want to improve your vocabulary quickly? English Vocabulary in Use Advanced is fully aligned to the needs of English language learners at C1–C2 level, so it will help you learn the words and phrases you require This second edition of the best-selling vocabulary book is ideal for self-study, but can also be used in the classroom It now offers: • Fully updated units informed by the English Profile wordlists, so you learn the most important vocabulary at advanced level • New words presented and explained in context, so that you can clearly see how to use them • Lots of opportunities for personalised practice, to help with the learning process O’Dell and McCarthy English Collocations in Use Advanced Advanced Learner’s Dictionary Details and access code inside Learner error information shows the most common errors made by learners of English, so that you can avoid making the same mistakes English Vocabulary Profile correlation shows which words and meanings are known by learners at what level, so you can prioritize your vocabulary learning Advanced Learner’s Cambridge Dictionary • Online version for Windows and Mac (requires Chrome browser) Haines & Nettle with Hewings English Vocabulary Profile correlation shows which words and meanings are known by learners at what level, so you can prioritize your vocabulary learning • listen to examples to help with listening and pronunciation • exercises, save answers and check them with an answer key • bookmark pages, highlight text and add notes *eBook available for both tablets and PCs/Macs: • Downloadable version for iOS and Android (requires free Cambridge Bookshelf app) Also available: Advanced Grammar in Use Supplementary Exercises Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary Advanced Grammar in Use Extra Activities app NEW! Focus on Writing section deals with all the essential aspects of academic, formal, and informal writing NEW! Up-to-date vocabulary includes words from the areas of technology, media, language, society, and lifestyle, plus important words for academic study Cambridge Advanced Grammar in Use Supplementary Exercises with answers NEW! Focus on Writing section deals with all the essential aspects of academic, formal, and informal writing NEW! Up-to-date vocabulary includes words from the areas of technology, media, language, society, and lifestyle, plus important words for academic study Learner error information shows the most common errors made by learners of English, so that you can avoid making the same mistakes Advanced Learner’s Haines & Nettle with Hewings Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary Also inside is a code for an interactive eBook* This has the same grammar explanations and exercises as in the printed book This makes it perfect for studying grammar anytime and anywhere With the eBook learners can: CEFR Levels C1, C2 Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary Fourth Edition For upper-intermediate to advanced learners of English Ideal for IELTS, BEC, and Cambridge English: First, Advanced, and Proficiency exam preparation With clear definitions and over 140,000 words, phrases, meanings, and examples, plus hundreds of pictures and illustrations, this dictionary is perfect as a reference tool and as a study companion Informed by the Cambridge International Corpus and correlated to English Vocabulary Profile, it is also perfect for exam preparation The CD-ROM contains the complete dictionary and recordings in British and American English ISBN 978 521 78807 Listen to a variety of English accents, to hear the similarities and the differences A self-study reference and practice book for advanced learners of English Advanced Grammar in Use With answers and eBook • Third Edition A self-study reference and practice book for advanced learners of English Advanced Grammar in Use Third Edition meets the advanced-level learner’s needs with comprehensive grammar coverage and a user-friendly layout This edition: • contains 100 units of grammar reference and practice materials • facilitates self-study by featuring a Study planner to help learners identify which grammar to focus on • has a comprehensive Grammar reminder section to allow learners to double-check language areas they have already studied • is informed by the Cambridge International Corpus to ensure the language is authentic and up to date • provides ideal support for students preparing for IELTS, Cambridge English: Advanced or Cambridge English: Proficiency examinations Hewings Advanced Grammar in Use with answers and eBook Also available: Advanced Grammar in Use Supplementary Exercises Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary Advanced Grammar in Use Extra Activities app Learn to speak clearly with 60 units of explanations, examples and exercises • 9780521619561 HEWINGS: HEWINGS: EPIU EPIU ADVANCED ADVANCED CVR CVR CMYBLK CMYBLK 9780521619561 Full details and access code inside 9781108403498 - HEWINGS - ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION ADVANCED C M Y K • Online version for Windows and Mac (requires Chrome browser) • This book comes with over four hours of free downloadable audio See code and instructions inside 978-0-521-70780-0 MCCARTHY & O’DELL :ENGLISH COLLOCATIONS IN USE ADVANCED C M Y K • exercises, save answers and check them with an answer key • bookmark pages, highlight text and add notes *eBook available for both tablets and PCs/Macs: • Downloadable version for iOS and Android (requires free Cambridge Bookshelf app) CEFR Levels C1, C2 Understand and be understood in English Pronunciation explanations, audio and practice for advanced level (C1-C2) learners of English Perfect for both self-study and classroom activities 9780 110 7619500 CALD C M Y K • listen to examples to help with listening and pronunciation Advanced 9781107637764 McCarthy & O’Dell: English Vocabulary in Use with awnswers & CD-ROM 2nd Edition Cover C M Y K With the eBook learners can: Cambridge 9781107539303 Hewings: Advanced Grammar in Use With answers & ebook 3rd Edition Cover C Also inside is a code for an interactive eBook* This has the same grammar explanations and exercises as in the printed book This makes it perfect for studying grammar anytime and anywhere Fourth Edition Be confident about what you are learning, thanks to Cambridge research into how English is really spoken and written Felicity O’Dell Michael McCarthy ISBN XX Better Learning is our simple approach where deeper insights help shape richer content that Free downloadable audio drives stronger results Discover more: cambridge.org/betterlearning ISBN 978 108 40349 ADVANCED GRAMMAR IN USE ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION IN USE ADVANCED ENGLISH IDIOMS IN USE ADVANCED ENGLISH VOCABULARY Vocabulary reference and practice Advanced Michael McCarthy Felicity O’Dell ISBN 978 316 62973 Better Learning is our simple approach where deeper insights help shape richer content that drives stronger results Discover more: cambridge.org/betterlearning IN USE Third Edition Advanced • provides ideal support for students preparing for IELTS, Cambridge English: Advanced or Cambridge English: Proficiency examinations For upper-intermediate to advanced learners of English • with ebook • is informed by the Cambridge International Corpus to ensure the language is authentic and up to date Ideal for IELTS, BEC, and Cambridge English: First, Advanced, and Proficiency exam preparation Learn words in context, with 101 different topics, including ‘Applying for a job’, ‘Illness’ and ‘Easily confused words’ ENGLISH IDIOMS IN USE • has a comprehensive Grammar reminder section to allow learners to double-check language areas they have already studied IN USE ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION IN USE • facilitates self-study by featuring a Study planner to help learners identify which grammar to focus on With clear definitions and over 140,000 words, phrases, meanings, and examples, plus hundreds of pictures and illustrations, this dictionary is perfect as a reference tool and as a study companion • O’Dell and McCarthy • contains 100 units of grammar reference and practice materials The wo gra rld’s mm be ar st-se seri llin es g ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION Martin Hewings A self-study reference and practice book for advanced learners of English Informed by the Cambridge International Corpus and correlated to English Vocabulary Profile, it is also perfect for exam preparation Expand your vocabulary with easy to understand explanations and practice exercises *The ebook has the same content as the printed book and works on Macs, PCs and tablets Online version for Windows and Mac (requires Chrome browser) Downloadable version for iOS and Android tablets (requires free Cambridge Bookshelf app) Instructions and access code inside Advanced Grammar in Use Third Edition meets the advanced-level learner’s needs with comprehensive grammar coverage and a user-friendly layout This edition: The CD-ROM contains the complete dictionary and recordings in British and American English • Also inside is a code for an ebook* With the ebook you can: Advanced Grammar in Use With answers and eBook • Third Edition ISBN 978 521 78807 The words you need to communicate with confidence Vocabulary explanations and practice for advanced level (C1-C2) learners of English Perfect for both self-study and classroom activities Hewings Advanced Grammar in Use with answers and eBook 978 316 63006 McCarthy & O’Dell: English Vocabulary in Use Advanced Cover C Advanced ENGLISH VOCABULARY IN USE M Y K IN USE McCarthy and O’Dell ENGLISH Includes ebook with audio ENGLISH VOCABULARY Vocabulary reference and practice with answers and ebook Third Edition IN USE Advanced Michael McCarthy Felicity O’Dell University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom One Liberty Plaza, 20th Floor, New York, NY 10006, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia 4843/24, 2nd Floor, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, Delhi – 110002, India 79 Anson Road, #06–04/06, Singapore 079906 Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/elt © Cambridge University Press 2017 This publication is in copyright Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press First published 2002 Third Edition 2017 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Printed in Dubai by Oriental Press A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library ISBN 978-131663006-8 Edition with answers and ebook ISBN 978-131663117-1 Edition with answers ISBN 978-131663118-8 ebook Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate Information regarding prices, travel timetables, and other factual information given in this work is correct at the time of first printing but Cambridge University Press does not guarantee the accuracy of such information thereafter Contents Thanks Introduction Work and study Cramming for success: study and academic work Education: debates and issues 10 Applying for a job 12 Job interviews 14 At work: colleagues and routines 16 At work: job satisfaction 18 At work: careers 20 People and relationships Describing people: positive and negative qualities 22 Describing people: appearance and mannerisms24 10 11 12 13 14 15 Describing people: personality and character traits 26 Relationships: friends forever 28 Relationships: ups and downs 30 Emotions and reactions 32 Negative feelings 34 Birth and death: from cradle to grave 36 Leisure and lifestyle 16 Free time: relaxation and leisure 17 All the rage: clothes and fashion 18 Home styles, lifestyles 19 Socialising and networking 20 The performance arts: reviews 38 40 42 44 and critiques46 21 22 23 24 The visual arts 48 Talking about books 50 Food: a recipe for disaster 52 Dinner’s on me: entertaining and eating out 54 Travel 25 On the road: traffic and driving 26 Travel and accommodation 27 Attracting tourists 56 58 60 The environment 28 Describing the world 29 Weather and climate 30 Brick walls and glass ceilings 31 Taking root and reaping rewards 32 The animal kingdom 33 Our endangered world 62 64 66 68 70 72 Society and institutions 34 Here to help: customer service 35 Authorities: customs and police 36 Beliefs 37 Festivals in their cultural context 38 Talking about language 39 History: since the dawn of civilisation 40 The haves and the have-nots 41 British politics 42 International politics 43 The letter of the law 44 War and peace 45 Economy and finance 46 Personal finance: making ends 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 meet98 The media 47 The media: in print 48 The media: internet and email 49 Advertising 50 The news: gathering and 100 102 104 delivering106 English Vocabulary in Use Advanced Health 51 Healthcare 52 Illness: feeling under the weather 53 Medical language 54 Diet, sport and fitness 108 110 112 114 Technology 55 Industries: from manufacturing to service116 56 57 58 Technology and its impact 118 Technology of the future 120 Energy: from fossil fuels to windmills122 Basic concepts 59 Space: no room to swing a cat 60 Time: once in a blue moon 61 Motion: taking steps 62 Manner: behaviour and body 124 126 128 63 64 65 66 67 68 Sounds: listen up! 132 Weight and density 134 All the colours of the rainbow 136 Speed: fast and slow 138 Cause and effect 140 69 70 Difficulties and dilemmas 71 Number: statistics and quantity 76 77 78 Spot the difference: making comparisons142 144 Modality: expressing facts, opinions, desires146 148 150 152 154 and praising 156 Promises and bets 158 Reminiscences and regrets 160 Agreement, disagreement and compromise162 English Vocabulary in Use Advanced Academic writing: making sense 164 Academic writing: text structure 166 Writing: style and format 168 Whatchamacallit: being indirect 170 84 The way you say it Give or take: more vague expressions172 Words and meanings 85 Abbreviations and acronyms 86 Prefixes: creating new meanings 87 Suffixes: forming new words 88 Word-building and 174 176 178 180 word-blending182 language130 Functional vocabulary 72 Permission: getting the go-ahead 73 Complaining and protesting 74 Apology, regret and reconciliation 75 A pat on the back: complimenting 79 80 81 82 83 89 90 91 English: a global language 184 Easily confused words 186 One word, many meanings 188 Fixed expressions and figurative language 92 Collocation: which words go together190 93 94 Metaphor: seeing the light 95 96 Brushing up on phrasal verbs 192 Idioms for everyday situations and feelings194 196 Connotation: making associations 198 Language variation 97 Register: degrees of formality 98 Divided by a common language 99 Language and gender 100 In the headlines 101 Red tape 200 202 204 206 208 Answer key 210 Phonemic symbols 276 Index 277 Acknowledgements 299 Enhanced ebook 301 Thanks and acknowledgements Joy Godwin wrote two units for the Third Edition: Unit 3, Applying for a job, and Unit 4, Job interviews The publishers would like to thank Joy for her contribution to this edition English Vocabulary in Use Advanced Introduction To the student This book has been written to help you expand your vocabulary at the advanced level You already know thousands of English words, but to express yourself fully and in a sophisticated way at the advanced level, you will ideally need between 6,000 and 8,000 words, so increasing your vocabulary is very important for your general progress in English, as well as for any academic, professional or vocational needs you may have where English plays an important role At the advanced level, as well as learning new words, you will need to learn more about the subtle connotations of words, aspects of register and style and how words combine into collocations, compounds and fixed phrases In this book, there are over 3,000 new words and expressions for you to learn You will find them on the left-hand page of each unit Every new word or phrase is used in a sentence, or in a conversation, or is in a table, or has a picture with it, or has some explanation of what it means On the right-hand page there are exercises and other activities to help you practise using the words and to help you to remember them Where our research shows that learners frequently make errors, we give you advice on how to avoid the most common ones, as well as other useful language tips The book has been written so that you can use it yourself, without a teacher You can the units in any order you like, but we have grouped them into themes, so you might wish to work through several units on a particular area of vocabulary before moving to a new one The Answer key at the end of the book is for you to check your answers to the exercises after you them The key sometimes has more than one answer This is because often there is not just one correct way of saying something Where you are asked to talk about yourself, in the Over to you activities, we not provide answers, since this is your opportunity to work completely independently and in a very personal way, so everyone’s answer will be very different The Index at the end of the book has all the important words and phrases from the left-hand pages The Index also tells you how to pronounce words There is a table of phonemic symbols to help you understand the pronunciation on page 276 You should also have a dictionary with you when you use the book You can use a paper dictionary, an electronic one, or you can go to Cambridge Dictionaries Online at http://dictionary.cambridge.org Access to a dictionary is useful because sometimes you may want to check the meaning of something or find a word in your own language to help you remember the English word Sometimes, you will also need a dictionary for the exercises; we tell you when this is so To learn a lot of vocabulary, you have to two things: Study each unit of the book carefully and all the exercises Check your answers in the key Repeat the units after a month, and then again after three months, and see how much you have learnt and how much you have forgotten Repeating work is very important Develop ways of your own to study and learn new words and phrases which are not in this book For example, every time you see or hear an interesting phrase, write it in a notebook, and write who said it or wrote it, and in what situation, as well as what it means Making notes of the situations words are used in will help you to remember them and to use them at the right moment We hope you like this book You can also go to the other books in the series which have more specialised titles: English Idioms in Use, English Phrasal Verbs in Use and English Collocations in Use, which are available at advanced level, as well as Academic Vocabulary in Use Find out more at the Vocabulary in Use website: www.cambridge.org/elt/inuse English Vocabulary in Use Advanced To the teacher This book can be used in class or as a self-study book It is intended to take learners from an upper-intermediate level of vocabulary to an advanced level The vocabulary has been chosen for its usefulness in everyday situations, and we consulted the Cambridge English Corpus, a billion-word-plus written and spoken corpus of present-day English which includes a huge learner corpus, to help us decide on the words and phrases to be included and to help us understand the typical problems learners encounter at the advanced level We also consulted the English Vocabulary Profile to make sure that the words in the book are a representative sample of vocabulary that is typical of the Common European Framework levels C1 and C2 Visit the English Vocabulary Profile at www.cambridge.org/elt/inuse At the advanced level, as well as learning a large number of new words and expressions, learners are often directing their efforts towards academic, professional or vocational needs, and so we have tried to offer a modern, sophisticated vocabulary that will underpin their work in other areas The new vocabulary (on average 40 items per unit) is presented with explanations on the left-hand page, and there are exercises and activities on the right-hand page There is an Answer key and an Index with pronunciation for all the target vocabulary The key at the end of the book is for students to check their answers to the exercises after they them The key sometimes has more than one answer This is because often there is not just one correct way of saying something Where students are asked to talk about themselves, in the Over to you activities, we not provide answers, since this gives learners the opportunity to work completely independently and in a very personal way, so everyone’s answer will be very different The book focuses not just on single words, but on useful phrases and collocations, and the vocabulary is illustrated in natural contexts The book is organised around everyday topics, but also has units devoted to basic concepts such as time, modality, manner and varieties and style Typical errors are indicated where appropriate, based on information from the Cambridge Learner Corpus, and the most typical meanings and uses are focused on for each key item The right-hand pages offer a variety of different types of activities, some traditional ones such as gap-filling, but also more open-ended ones and personalised activities which enable learners to talk about their own lives Although the activities and exercises are designed for self-study, they can be easily adapted for pairwork, groupwork or whole-class activities in the usual way When the learners have worked through a group of units, it is a good idea to repeat some of the work (for example, the exercises) and to expand on the meaning and use of key words and phrases by extra discussion in class, and find other examples of the key items in other texts and situations This can be done at intervals of one to three months after first working on a unit This is important, since it is usually the case that a learner needs five to seven exposures to a word or phrase before they can really begin to know it, and no single book can enough to ensure that words are always learnt first time It is especially important at the advanced level to discuss in detail the meanings and uses of words and phrases and how they combine and collocate with one another Your students can also consult the more specialised higher level books in this series: the advanced levels of English Idioms in Use, English Phrasal Verbs in Use and English Collocations in Use, or they may wish to work on academic vocabulary by using Academic Vocabulary in Use, all by the same authors as this book They can also test themselves on the knowledge they have gained from this and the other books in the series by using the separate books of tests that accompany the series You can find out more at the Vocabulary in Use website: www.cambridge.org/elt/inuse We hope you enjoy using the book English Vocabulary in Use Advanced Cramming for success: study and academic work A Study and exams Before an exam, some students cram1 for it Even if you’re a genius2, you’ll have to some revision If the exam happens every year, you can revise by looking at past papers3 Some things can be memorised or learnt (off ) by heart But rote-learning4 is not sufficient for most subjects It is also possible to use mnemonics5 However, all things considered, the best idea is to bury yourself in your books6 and to study intensively7 until you know the subject inside out8 B study in a very concentrated way for a short time an exceptionally clever person exam papers from previous years learning purely by repetition /niˈmɒnɪks/ tricks that help you remember something, for example: ‘i’ before ‘e’ except after ‘c’ is a mnemonic for English spelling (e.g friend, but receive) spend the maximum time studying in a very focused way know it completely Academic writing composition could be just 50–100 words, often used for school work essay longer than a composition, more serious, hundreds or thousands of words assignment a long essay, often part of a course, usually thousands of words project like an assignment, but emphasis on student’s own material and topic portfolio a collection of individual pieces of work; may include drawings and other examples of creative work as well as writing dissertation a long, research-based work, perhaps 10–15,000 words, for a degree or diploma thesis a very long, original, research-based work, perhaps 80–100,000 words, for a higher degree (e.g PhD) It’s a good idea to start with a mind map1 when preparing an essay Always write a first draft2 before writing up the final version Your essay should be all your own work; plagiarism3 is a very serious offence in colleges and universities It is an increasing problem because it is so easy to cut and paste from materials available on the internet, and students have to sign a plagiarism form to say that the work they are handing in is all their own and that they acknowledge4 any sources they have used There is usually a deadline5 After the essay is submitted6, it will be assessed7 and usually you can get feedback8 diagram that lays out ideas for a topic and how they are connected to one another first, rough version / pled ərzəm/ using other people’s work as if it was yours give details of date by which you must hand in the work handed in; formal evaluated and given a grade comments from the teacher/tutor C Aspects of higher academic study less formal is research magazines with academic articles (we not use the word magazine to talk about this kind of academic publication) get hold of (it) on the internet system where libraries exchange books/journals with one another HOME FACULTY RESEARCH University academics carry out research and are expected to read academic journals2, which publish papers/articles on specialised subjects If a library does not have a copy of a book or journal, you may be able to access it online3 or you can usually get it through an inter-library loan4 Open educational resources5 are particularly convenient for many students Academic study can be very demanding, and some students drop out6, but the majority survive till finals7 and become well-qualified8 members of their future professions online materials that can be freely used by teachers and students anywhere leave the course before the end last exams before the end of a college or university course with the right formal qualifications English Vocabulary in Use Advanced ... Idioms in Use, English Phrasal Verbs in Use and English Collocations in Use, which are available at advanced level, as well as Academic Vocabulary in Use Find out more at the Vocabulary in Use.. . something should be done] [takes attention away] 10 English Vocabulary in Use Advanced Exercises 2.1 Complete the collocations by filling in the missing words according to the meaning given in brackets... letter in English English Vocabulary in Use Advanced 13 Job interviews A Preparing for interviews When companies are recruiting1, they often have a set of criteria2 (e.g three years of experience in