Sách về kiến trúc perfomanlism form and performance in digital architecture

PERFORMALISM FORM AND PERFORMANCE IN DIGITAL ARCHITECTURE EDITED BY YASHA J GROBMAN AND ERAN NEUMAN performalism: form and performance i n d i g i ta l a r c h i t e c t u r e Today, with the advent of digital media technologies and the ability to conceptualize, express and produce complex forms using digital means, the question of the status of the architectural form is once again under consideration Indeed, the computer “liberated” architecture from the tyranny of the right angle, and enabled the design and production of non-standard buildings, based on irregular geometry Yet the questions concerning the method of form expression in contemporary architecture, and its meaning, remain very much open Performalism takes up this discussion, defines it and presents changes in form conception in architecture, followed by their repercussions In the context of the architectural discourse, this book posits that today we can define architectural form and performance as an “ism” Supported by a wealth of case studies from some of the top firms across the globe and contributed to by some of the top names in this field, this book critically examines the implications and influences of computer-based design on form as performance Highly illustrated throughout, and with a unique emphasis on professional practice, this book is essential reading for all architects, aspiring and practicing Yasha J Grobman is an architect and a Senior Lecturer in the Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning at the Technion, Israel Institute of Technology He is principal and co-founder of Axelrod Grobman Architects He holds a Master of Architecture from the Architectural Association Design Research Laboratory (DRL), and a PhD from the Technion, Israel Institute of Technology His research and practice focuses on digital architecture and performance- oriented architectural design and manufacturing Eran Neuman is an architect and the head of the Azrieli School of Architecture at Tel Aviv University He is co-founder of Open Source Architecture, an international architectural research and design office His research focuses on the history, theory and philosophy of modern architecture, in particular the influence of science and technology on architecture, digital architecture, architectural representations and design methodologies performalism: form and performance i n d i g i ta l a r c h i t e c t u r e ya s h a j g r o b m a n and eran neuman Published 2012 by Routledge Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2012 selection and editorial material, Yasha J Grobman and Eran Neuman; individual chapters, the contributors The right of the editors to be identified as authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Grobman, Yasha J Performalism : Form and Performance in Digital Architecture / Yasha J Grobman and Eran Neuman   pages cm   Includes index Architectural design—Data processing Architecture, Modern—21st century Architecture—Composition, proportion, etc I Neuman, Eran II Title NA2728.G755 2011 724’.7—dc22 ISBN13: 978-0-415-58360-2 (hbk) ISBN13: 978-0-415-58361-9 (pbk) Designed and typeset by Alex Lazarou Printed and bound in Spain by Grafos, Barcelona contents Contributors xi–xiii   theory and essays one two three Performalism: a manifesto The various dimensions of Architecture as for architectural performance the concept of “performance” performative art eran neuman in architecture antoine picon and yasha j grobman yasha j grobman 15–19 3–7 9–13 four five six Performing the contemporary, Informationism: The collapsing of or: towards an even newer information as architectural technological performance architecture performance and the subject’s performance sylvia lavin aaron sprecher eran neuman 21–26 27–31 33–36 seven eight nine High-performance anxiety Performance-oriented design Performalism or performance- christopher hight from a material perspective: based design? 37–42 domains of agency and martin bechthold the spatial and material 49–52 organization complex michael u hensel 43–48 v contents  t h e architectural projects ten Eisenman Architects the implications of per formalism / peter eisenman 54–61 Church of the Year 2000, 54–55 Domplatz Hamburg, 56–57 Sheikh Zayed National Museum, 58–59 Santuario Station, 60–61 eleven Greg Lynn Form the immeasurability of cultural per formance / greg lynn 62–69 BLOBWALL©, 62 Bloom House, 64–65 Slavin House, 66–67 5900 Wilshire Boulevard Restaurant and Trellis Pavilion, 68–69 twelve Preston Scott Cohen, Inc architectural acrobatics / preston scott cohen 70–79 Taiyuan Museum of Art, 70–73 Nanjing University Student Center, 74–75 Tel Aviv Museum of Art, 76–79 thirteen Archi-Tectonics meaning-form: a per formative architecture / winka dubbeldam 80–89 Brussels Townhouse, 80 Q Tower, 82 GW497 Project, 84–85 Chestnut Hotel and Condominium Tower, 86–87 Smart Ecology, 88–89 vi contents four teen Contemporary Architecture Practice per formance and contemporar y architecture practice / ali rahim and hina jamelle 90–99 Fashion Designer Residence, 90–93 Commercial Office Tower, 94–95 Migrating Formations, 96–97 Reebok Flagship Store, 98–99 fifteen R&Sie(n) “(un)postures” / franỗois roche and anna neimark 100109 He shot me down, 100–102 Olzweg, 104–106 I’ve heard about, 108–109 sixteen Kol/Mac architecture form never followed function / sulan kolatan and william macdonald 110–121 Galataport, 110–113 Carlsberg Urban Design Competition, 114–115 FRAC Center Competition, 116–119 INVERSAbrane, 120–121 seventeen Gehry Partners, LLP / Gehry Technologies p e r f o r m a n c e o f d e l i v e r y s y s t e m s / d e n n i s r s h e l d e n a n d s a m e e r k a s h y a p 122–131 IAC Building, 122–125 Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, 126–127 The Ray and Maria Stata Center for Computer, Information and  Intelligence Sciences, 128–129 Beekman Street Housing, 130–131 vii contents eighteen Franken Architekten per formancer / bernhard franken 132–141 Bubble, 132–133 Takeoff, 134–135 Dynaform, 136–139 Home Couture, 140–141 nineteen OCEAN ocean design research association / jeffrey p turko, defne sungurog ˘ lu hensel and birger sevaldson 142–149 Barely, 142–143 Membrane and cable-net systems, 144–145 Membrella (MM-Tent), 146–149 twenty Open Source Architecture i n t e n s i t y, e x t e n s i t y a n d p o t e n t i a l i t y : architecture and the informed reality / aaron sprecher 150–159 C-Chair, 150–151 Hylomorphic, 152–153 N-Nature, 154–157 Parasolar, 158–159 viii contents twenty-one Gramazio & Kohler digital materiality / fabio gramazio and matthias kohler 160–169 Architonic Concept Space, 160–161 The Sequential Wall, 162–163 Orthodox Synagogue, 164–165 Gantenbein Vineyard Faỗade, 166169 twenty-two Reiser + Umemoto architecture per forming itself / jesse reiser and nanako umemoto 170–181 O14, 170–173 AEON, 174–175 Terminal 3, Shenzhen International Airport, 176–179 Taipei Pop Music Center, 180–181 twenty-three Foster + Partners per form: per formance as producer of architectural form / guedi capeluto and abraham yezioro 182–191 GLA (Greater London Authority) City Hall, 182–184 The library, Free University, 186–187 Spaceport America, 188–189 Khan Shatyr Entertainment Center, 190–191 Project credits 192 Illustration credits 203 Index 204 ix contents fourteen Contemporary Architecture Practice project title: Chestnut Hotel and Condominium Tower project title: Fashion Designer Residence type: Commercial type: Residential year: 2008 year: 2002 location: Philadelphia City Center, Pennsylvania, USA design architect: Archi-Tectonics principal in charge: J K Roller Architect Bitto Sanchez-Monasterio architectural team: office: Contemporary Architecture Practice, New York Brian Holland, Patrick Wong, project title: Commercial year: 2009 location: Matthew Halsall office: structural engineer: Israel Berger & Associates lighting consultant: Contemporary Architecture Practice, New York L’Observatoire International project title: Smart Ecology type: Ten retail pavilions integrated in a new urban park year: 2009 location: area: Prototype year: 2008 client: Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) New York office: Contemporary Architecture Practice, New York directors: team: Ali Rahim, Hina Jamelle Andreas Singer, Jae Jang Prowinko design architect: Archi-Tectonics principal in charge: Winka Dubbeldam architect of record: architectural team: Clerbaux Architects, Brussels Pilar Echezarretta, David Barr, Isik Ulkun, Robert Mezquite, John Cerone structural engineer: 194 New York, USA Design; Contemporary Architecture Practice, New York Brussels, Belgium 300,000 sq ft (27,900 m²) client: Migrating Formations type: location: project title: Dubai, United Arab Emirates Thornton Tomaseth Edwards & Zuck faỗade consultant: Commercial Office Tower type: David Barr, Hiroyuki Miki, Tanjo Kloepper, mep engineer: London, UK Winka Dubbeldam architect of record: project leader: location: ABT, Delft, the Netherlands project credits project title: type: Retail year: 2005 location: office: Reebok Flagship Store Shanghai, China Contemporary Architecture Practice, New York fifteen sixteen R&Sie(n) KOL/MAC architecture project title: He shot me down project title: Galataport type: Museum project type: Coastal urban development year: 2006–2007 year: 2007 location: Korea par ticipating architects: location: R&Sie(n), Franỗois Roche, Stéphanie Lavaux, Jean Navarro Istanbul, Turkey design principals: project team: client/sponsor: project title: Olzweg Proposal for FRAC Museum Competition year: 2006 project title: Orleans, France par ticipating architects: Garanti Bank/Garanti Galeri engineering consultant: type: location: R&Sie(n), Franỗois Roche, Stộphanie Lavaux, with Pierre Huyghe, artist I’ve heard about type: Entropic experiment year: 2005–2009 location: type: Urban redevelopment of former brewery year: 2007 location: Copenhagen, Denmark par ticipating architects: project team: R&Sie(n), Franỗois Roche, Stộphanie Lavaux, Jean Navarro, Benoợt Durandin project title: Sulan Kolatan, William MacDonald Frank Bitonti, Robert Cervellione, Ben Martinson client/sponsor: MAM-Paris/MOT-Tokyo Arup AGU, London Carlsberg Urban Design Competition design principals: project title: Sulan Kolatan, William MacDonald Robert Cervellione, Ben Martinson Carlsberg FRAC Museum Competition type: Proposal for FRAC Center Competition year: 2006 location: Orleans, France design principals: Sulan Kolatan, William MacDonald associate architect: project team: Atelier Christian Girard Robert Cervellione, Melissa Woolford, Hinki Kwong, Orlando Lineros, Mariana Renjifo structural engineer: lighting design: L’Observatoire, New York, USA exhibition design: client/sponsor: Ove Arup, Paris, France Duck Sceno, Paris, France Garanti Bank/Garanti Galeri engineering consultant: project title: Arup AGU, London INVERSAbrane type: High-performance exterior building membrane prototype year: 2006 location: DuPont, USA design principals: project team: Sulan Kolatan, William MacDonald Theo Calvin, Christian Bruun, Chris Whitelaw structural engineers: Ove Arup, New York, USA; Buro Happold, New York, USA client/sponsor: DuPont engineering consultants: 195 project credits Arup AGU, London seventeen Gehry Partners, LLP / Gehry Technologies project title: IAC Building type: Commercial year: 2007 location: project manager: design par tner: Gehry Partners, LLP Frank Gehry Craig Webb project architect: project team: The Ray and Maria Stata Center for Computer, Information and Intelligence Sciences New York City, New York, USA design manager: project title: John Bowers Laura Bachelder, Susan Beningfield, Walter type: Educational year: 2004 location: awards: Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA 2005, Build New England Award architect: Gehry Partners, LLP design par tner: Frank Gehry project par tner: Jim Glymph Craig Webb Carter, Sarah David, Jacques Gelinas, Craig Gilbert, project designer: Faris Hermiz, Gregory Kromhout, Meaghan Lloyd, p ro j ec t a rc hi te c t/p ro j ec t p ar t n er: Sven Neumann, Lucianna Vidal, Jeffrey Wauer, assistant project designer: Brian Zamora, Jeff Guga, Danelle Briscoe, Rogan assistant project architects: Ferguson, Ali Jeevanjee, Randolph Jefferson, Eric Jones, R Mitchell, Julianna Morais, Judith Mussel, Marc Salette Rachel Allen Larry Tighe, David Rodriguez core project team: Helena Berge, Henry Brawner, Vartan Apurva Pande, Diego Petrat, Whit Preston, Timothy Chalikian, Christine Clements, Edward Duffy, Paulson, Tadao Shimizu, Jason Tax, Karen Tom, Yono Hong, James Jackson, Thomas Kim, Jason Kevin Westerbeck Luk, Yannina Manjarres-Weeks, Frank Melendez, Emiliano Melgazo, Ngaire Nelson, Gaston Nogues, project title: Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Karen Tom, Steve Traeger, Monica Valtierra-Day, Brain Health type: Medical clinic, research center and banquet hall year: 2007–2009 location: architect: Yanan Par, Doug Pierson, David Plotkin, Derek Sola, Yuwen Wang, Jeff Wauer project team: Chris Banks, Christopher Barbee, Herwig Las Vegas, Nevada, USA Baumgartner, Saffet Bekiroğlu,Tom Bessai, Tomaso Gehry Partners, LLP Bradshaw, Tina Chee, Susannah Dickinson, Brian design par tner: Frank Gehry project par tner: Terry Bell project designer: Brian Zamora p r o j e c t a r c h i t e c t s: Kristin Ragins, David Rodriguez, Michael Sedlacek project team: Ron Rosell, Eun Sung Chang, Natalie Magarian, Michael O’Boyle, Mok Wai Wan, Sameer Flores, Raymond Gaetan, Craig Gilbert, Jeff Guga, Dari Iron, Michael Kempf, Kurt Komraus, Irwin Larman, Dennis Lee, Frank Medrano, Clifford Minnick, Robyn Morgenstern, Scott Natvig, Janine Nesseth, Robert Seelenbacher, Dennis Shelden, Bruce Shepard, Suren Sumian, Birgit Schneider, Gavin Wall, Bryant Yeh, Brian Zamora Kashyap, Yvon Romeus, Sarah David, Andrew associate architect: Galambos, Natalie Milberg, Izaburo Kibayashi project manager: digital consultant: Gehry Technologies project team: Cannon Design Debi McDonald Christine Clements, Edward Duffy, Tom Tostengard, Frank McGuire, Nancy Felts, Karl Leabo, Dave Ordorica, Julie McCullough, Peter Heffernan structural engineer: 196 project credits John A Martin & Associates eighteen Franken Architekten project manager: Ron Lee project engineers: project title: Les Cho, Martha Gonzalez, Marcello Sgambelluri, Jose Hebreo, Renie Beasley exterior enclosure structural consultant: Martin/ Martin & ABS, Steven Judd, Tait Ketchun, Kevin Trade fair pavilion year: 1999 location: Frankfurt, Germany par ticipating architects: Wright, Michael Smith, Ken Peterson cbi consulting local structural engineer: Bubble type: Bernhard Franken for ABB Architekten Craig Barnes project team: Bernhard Franken, Sonja Albrech, Nils-Peter Fischer, Kirstin Fried, Niklas Führer, Thilo project title: Mixed use year: 2004 location: architect: Thomas Remdisch New York City, New York, USA Gehry Partners, LLP design par tner: Frank Gehry project par tner: Terry Bell project designer: Craig Webb project architect: project team: Kurzemann, Hans-Herbert Kuss, Michael Lulay, Beekman Street Housing type: John Bowers project title: Takeoff type: Installation year: 2003 location: Munich, Germany par ticipating architects: project team: Saffet Bekiroğlu, Susan Beningfield, Franken Architekten Bernhard Franken, Frank Brammer, Nils- Peter Fischer, Tasso Effraimidis, Oliver Tessmann Berenika Boberska, Henry Brawner, Gesa Buettner, Sarah David, Shikha Doogar, Liron Elkan, project title: Manoucher Eslami, Craig Gilbert, Jaeson Greer, type: Trade fair pavilion Joanne Heinen, Faris Hermiz, Mark Homes, Claire year: 2001 Imatani, Betty Kassis, Michael Kilkelly, Kumiko location: Koda, Gregory Kromhout, Julie Lai, Irwin Larman, par ticipating architects: Shawn Leong, Yeekai Lim, Sabrina Lupero, Gerhard Mayer, Alvar Mensana, R Scott Mitchell, Julianna Dynaform Frankfurt, Germany ABB Architekten/Bernhard Franken as a consortium project team: Bernhard Franken, Frank Brammer, Carsten Morais, Judith Mussel, Amy Nicholson, John Trojan, Tanja Schaile, Tasso Effraimidis, Nils-Peter Passmore, Steve Price, Rui Sato, Jennifer Seely, Fischer, Christopher Heinzerling, Andreas Kreutz, Michael Sims, Ian Stuart, John Szlachta, Stacey Tino Kubitza, Thomas Raab, Thomas Remdisch, Thomas, Karen Tom, Monica Valtierra, Lucianna Samad Sakkaki Vidal, Shailesh Virlley, Anne Whitacre, Leslie Wilson, Yuichiro Yamaguchi digital consultant: project title: Home Couture Gehry Technologies type: Retail, interior design WSP Cantor Seinuk year: 2004 structural engineer: location: Berlin, Germany project team: Frank Brammer, Bernhard Franken, Oliver Tessmann, Sören Chun, Zofia Kulicka, Sabine Schlempp, Christina Spilotti, Gregor Torinus partner: 197 project credits Surface, Kardorff Ingenieure nineteen OCEAN OCEAN Research Design Group project title: Natasha Barrett, England, Oslo; Michael U Membrane and cable-net systems type: Installation, Bylgia installation Hensel, Germany, Istanbul, Oslo; Pavel Hladik, year: 2008–2009 Czech Republic, London; Birger Sevaldson, Norway, location: Oslo; Defne Sunguroğlu Hensel, Turkey, Istanbul, project coordination: members: Oslo; Jeffrey P Turko, USA, London support members: Daniel Coll i Capdevila, Spain, London; Michael U Hensel, Defne Sunguroğlu Hensel project team: Mattia Gambardella, Italy, London honorar y members: FRAC Center, Orleans, France Jeffrey P Turko, Daniel Coll i Capdevila, Toni Kotnik, Michael U Hensel, Defne Sunguroğlu Mark Burry, George Jeronimidis Hensel m e m b r a n e a n d c a b l e - n e t s y s t e m s w o r k s h o p , i z m i r, project title: t u r k e y, d i r e c t e d b y : Barely type: Sound and space installation year: 2007–2008 location: A detailed credit list can be found at Oslo, Norway www.performanceorienteddesign.net project title: part composition and sound design: project leader: project team: Natasha Barrett Birger Sevaldson Natasha Barrett, Daniel Coll i Capdevila, Andrea Di Stefano, Michael U Hensel, Aleksandra Jaeschke, Birger Sevaldson, Defne Sunguroğlu, with Kim Baumann Larsen construction team: Carl Nilssen-Love, Sandor Agyagasi, Daniel Nytoft Berlin rigging: Håkon Klementsen, Oslo Kru sponsored by: Kulturrådet, Ultima 2007, Fond for utøvende Kunstnere, NoTam commissioned by: venue: Ultima Festivalen 2007 Kanonhallen, Oslo part composition and sound design: project leader: Natasha Barrett Birger Sevaldson with OCEAN Research Design construction team: sponsored by: venue: 198 Carl Nilssen-Love Gallery ROM commissioned by: Michael U Hensel, Defne Sunguroğlu Hensel Gallery ROM Gallery ROM, Oslo project credits Membrella (MM-Tent) type: Design competition year: 2008 project coordination: Jeffrey P Turko, Daniel Coll i Capdevila project team: Pavel Hladik, Mattia Gambardella twenty Open Source Architecture project title: C-Chair Open Source Architecture and JBohn final prototype: type: Furniture Associates with the assistance of students from the year: 2008 University of Southern California: Alberto Arifin, location: New York City, New York, USA design concept: Ryan Bourgeois, Chris Hyun, Eunice Lee, Carolyn Open Source Architecture with Paul Kalnitz Mei Ng, Bernice Ngo, Tanya Zurita exhibition assistance: computational scripting: Open Source Architecture with Paul Kalnitz, Howard Blair, Gulru Ustendag, Rachel Stopka, Joseph Combs, RISD School of Architecture, Providence, RI manufacturing: Syracuse University SCI-Arc Shop with the support of Katsumi Moroi (shop master), Rodney Rojas (digital fabrication supervisor), Dan Riley (shop project title: supervisor), Thor Erickson, Will Rollins, James Hylomorphic type: Installation Peterson, Andy Riiska, Anthony Lagunay (shop year: 2006 assistants) location: MAK Center for Art and Architecture, Los Angeles, California, USA design concept: computational protocol: software: project title: Open Source Architecture Open Source Architecture eifForm, Kristina Shea, Marina Gourtovaia s t r u c t u r a l e n g i n e e r ing: Judith Leuppi, Arup, Los Angeles lighting design: Installation year: 2008 location: client: Tel Aviv Tel Aviv Municipality design concept: Heather Libonati Installation year: 2008–2009 location: fabrication: Rhode Island School of Design, Providence, USA client: Rhode Island School of Design design concept: Open Source Architecture (Aaron Sprecher, Chandler Ahrens, Eran Neuman) and JBohn Associates (John Bohn) mathematical modeling and mathematics: Edward C Mosteig, Department of Mathematics, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles computational scripting: Paul Kalnitz, Open Source Architecture measurements and design assistance: Kevin Deabler, RoDE Architects Inc, Boston, MA preliminar y prototype: JBohn Associates 199 project credits Aaron Sprecher, Chandler Ahrens, Yaron Kanor and Tamir Lavi N-Nature type: Open Source Architecture (Aaron Sprecher, Chandler Ahrens, Eran Neuman) project team: project title: Parasolar type: Open Source Architecture and Holon Plastic twenty -one Gramazio & Kohler project title: Architonic Concept Space project title: type: Installation type: Faỗade year: 2008 year: 2006 location: ETH Zurich location: concept, design and fabrication: Gramazio & Kohler, Architecture and Digital Fabrication, ETH Zurich project team: Ralph Bärtschi, Gabriel Cuéllar, Michael Lyrenmann Gantenbein Vineyard Faỗade Flọsch, Switzerland concept and design: Gramazio & Kohler, Architecture and Digital Fabrication, ETH Zurich in cooperation with: Bearth & Deplazes Architekten, Valentin Beath, Andrea Deplazes, Daniel Ladner, Chur/Zurich project title: The Sequential Wall type: Installation year: 2008 location: Oesterle, Daniel Abraha, Stephan Achermann, Gramazio & Kohler, Architecture and Digital Fabrication, ETH Zurich collaborators: Silvan Oesterle (project leader), Ralph Bärtschi, Michael Lyrenmann industry partner: Häring Timber Engineering, Isoflock Michael Bühler, David Dalsass, Simon Filler, Milena Isler, Roman Kallweit, Morten Krog, Ellen Leuenberger, Jonas Nauwelaertz de Agé, Jonathan Roider, Steffen Samberger, Chantal Thomet, Rafael Venetz, Nik Werenfels Orthodox Synagogue type: Synagogue year: 2009 location: Potsdam concept and design: Gramazio & Kohler, Architecture and Digital Fabrication, ETH Zurich client: Brandenburgischer Landesbetrieb für Liegenschaften und Bauen collaborators: Gabriel Cuéllar (project leader), Raffael Gaus, Boris Gusic, Peter Heckeroth consultancy: Hubertus Adam (art historian) and Jan Otakar Fischer (art historian) 200 Tobias Bonwetsch (project leader), Michael Knauss, Michael Lyrenmann, Silvan ETH Zurich project title: Marta and Daniel Gantenbein collaborators: concept and design: students: client: project credits Christoph Junk, Andri Lüscher, Martin Tann selected exper ts: Jürg Buchli (structural engineer), Nebosja Mojsilovic, Markus Baumann, IBK ETH Zürich (structural tests) industry partner: Keller AG Ziegeleien twenty -two Reiser + Umemoto project title: O14 project title: type: Office tower year: 2006 (design), 2007–2009 (construction) location: Dubai, UAE principals: Jesse Reiser, Nanako Umemoto design team: Terminal 3, Shenzhen International Airport type: Airport year: 2007 location: Shenzhen, China Mitsuhisa Matsunaga, Kutan Ayata, Jason Scroggin, Cooper Mack, Michael Overby, Roland design stage (phase I) Snooks, Michael Young principals: assistants and interns: Tina Tung, Raha Talebi, Yan Wai Jesse Reiser, Nanako Umemoto design team: Chu Mitsuhisa Matsunaga (leader), Kutan Ayata, Michael Overby, Roland Snooks structural engineer: Ysrael A Seinuk, PC, New York, NY architect of record: Erga Progress, Dubai, UAE window wall consultant: assistants and interns: Steven Lauritano, Juan De Marco, Neil Cook, Michael Loverich, Lindsey Cohen, R A Heintges & Associates, Luis Costa, Yan Wai Chu, Roselyn Shieh, Max Kuo, New York, NY Robin Liu, Devin Jernigan, Robert Soendergaard, Penelope Tang, Victor Chei project title: AEON type: Multi-purpose tower technical development stage year: 2005 ( p h a s e s II a n d III ) location: Dubai, UAE principals: principals: Jesse Reiser, Nanako Umemoto architectural team: Jesse Reiser, Nanako Umemoto technical development team: Kutan Ayata, Mitsuhisa Matsunaga, Mitsuhisa Matsunaga (leader), Kutan Ayata, Michael Overby, Juan De Wolfgang Gollwitzer, Jason Scroggin, Keisuke Marco, Neil Cook, Michael Loverich, Lindsey Cohen, Kitagawa Jonathan Solomon, Luis Costa, Devin Jernigan assistants and interns: Yusuke Okabayashi, Akari Takebayashi, Jonathan D Solomon, Tomohide project title: Ichikawa, Hironori Nishikawa, Yuji Oda, Tina Tung, type: Commercial Cooper Mack, Christina Yessios year: 2010 client: Creekside Development Corporation, Dubai, UAE general contractor: Dubai Contracting Company (DCC), Dubai, UAE location: Taipei Pop Music Center Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China principals: Jesse Reiser, Nanako Umemoto design team: Neil Cook, Michael Overby, Samuel Brissette assistants and interns: Juan De Marco, Devin Jernigan, Jacob Bekermus, Giancarlo Valle, Shosuke Kawamura, Yasuhito Furuyama, Erin Kelly, Becky Quintal, Kate Wollman, Elise Renwick, Farzam Yazdanseta, Wei Wang, Edwin Lam, Sean Stevenson s t r u c t u r a l e n g i n e e r ing: MEP/Sustainability, theater, acoustics, lighting, faỗade; ARUP, New York, NY local architect: Taiwan 201 project credits Fei and Cheng and Associates, Taipei, twenty -three Foster + Partners project title: GLA (Greater London Authority) City Hall type: City hall year: 1998–2002 location: London, UK par ticipating architects: project title: The library, Free University type: Library year: 1997–2005 location: Berlin, Germany par ticipating architects: project title: Foster + Partners Spaceport America type: Spaceport year: 2006–2011 location: Foster + Partners New Mexico, USA par ticipating architects: project title: Foster + Partners Khan Shatyr Entertainment Center type: Entertainment center year: 2006–2010 location: Astana, Kazakhstan par ticipating architects: 202 project credits Foster + Partners Illustration credits Chapter Pages Credit CONTENTS vi–ix See individual chapters THREE 16 Herzog & de Meuron Architects 18 (top) Greg Lynn FORM 18 (bottom) Reiser + Umemoto 22 (top) Pietro Derossi 22 (middle) C Ray Smith 22 (bottom) Cedric Price 24 (top) Reiser + Umemoto 24 (middle) Christian Richters 24 (bottom) Preston Scott Cohen 25 (bottom) Greg Lynn FORM 44 Michael U Hensel 45 (left) Linn Tale Haugen 45 (right) Wing Yi Hui and Lap Ming Wong 46 Defne Sunguroğlu Hensel 50 Martin Bechthold 51 Matan Mayer TEN 54–61 Eisenman Architects ELEVEN 62–69 Greg Lynn FORM TWELVE 70–79 Preston Scott Cohen THIRTEEN 80–89 Archi-Tectonics FOURTEEN 90–99 Contemporary Architecture Practice FIFTEEN 100–109 R&Sie(n) SIXTEEN 110–121 KOL/MAC ARCHITECTURE SEVENTEEN 122–131 Gehry Partners, LLP EIGHTEEN 132 (top) Thomas Ott 132 (bottom), 133, 136–137, 139 (bottom) Fritz Busam 134–135, 138, 139 (top), 141 Franken Architekten 140 Diephotodesigner 142 (top), 143, 146–149 OCEAN 142 (bottom) Kim Baumann Larsen 144 Güven Incirlioğlu, courtesy of IEU Izmir University of FOUR EIGHT NINE NINETEEN Economics 145 Melih Uỗar, courtesy of IEU Izmir University of Economics TWENTY 150–159 OSA TWENTY-ONE 160 (top and bottom right) Gerry Amstutz 160 (bottom left), 161–165, 167 Gramazio & Kohler 166, 168–169 Ralph Feiner 170 (top), 172 (bottom right) Sebastian Opitz (www.verticaldubai.com) 170 (bottom left and right), 171, Reiser + Umemoto TWENTY-TWO 172 (top right and bottom left), 173–181 TWENTY-THREE 203 172 (top left) Imre Solt 182–184 Dennis Gilbert/VIEW, Nigel Young/Foster + Partners 186–187 Reinhard Gorner (www.goerner-foto.de) 188–191 Foster + Partners illustration credits Index Page numbers in italic denote an illustration/ atmospheric 7, 27–28, 28–29, 30 illustration caption autonomy 17, 57 avatar 101 5900 Wilshire Boulevard Restaurant and Trellis Pavilion (Los Angeles) 68–69 “Bachelor Machine” 103, 105 Badiou, Alain 19, 103 acrobatics, architectural 71–83 Baghdad Kiosk (Istanbul) 46 AEON (Dubai) 174–175 Banham, Reyner 23–24 affective formations 91, 93 Barely (Oslo) 142, 143, 147, 149 affordances 93 bayous 39–41 agency: domains of and the spatial and material organization Bearth & Deplazes Architects 167 complex 43–48 Bechthold, Martin 6–7, 49–52 AIA 38 Beekman Street Housing (New York) 130–131 Alexander, Christopher Beijing Stadium (China) 16, 17 algorithms 9, 12, 102–103, 105, 150, 185 bioinformatics 153 AliasWavefront 133 biologically-inspired modeling 152 Alleger, Franỗois 29 BLOBWALL (c) 62 animal: juxtaposition of architecture and 101–102, 102 Bloom House (Los Angeles) 64–65 arabesque 58 Bluebird 103 Archi-Tectonics 5, 80–89 Brays Bayou Channel (Harris County) 39–41 Archigram 22 Brussels Shopping 88–89 architectural database Brussels Townhouse 80 architecture: ambient dimension of 173; anxiety over existence Bubble (Frankfurt) 132, 133, 133, 135, 137 of as a discipline 38; commensurability between event and 19; computation in 50, 51–52; as cultural practice 63, C-Chair 150, 151 91; and digital technologies 4, 12, 17, 35, 161–163, 169, cable-nets 144 171, 183, 185; functions of 63; as a material system 171, CAD systems 51 173; as meaning-form 81, 83; open 41–42; performance in Calatrava, Santiago 50, 50 9–12, 21–25, 91–99, 171; and performative affects 91; as cantilever 73 performative art 15–19; performing itself 171–181; points Carlsberg Urban Design Competition (Copenhagen) 114–115 for a newer 25–26; quest for effectiveness 15; relations Carroll, Lewis: Alice in Wonderland 107 between technological performance and subject’s Caws, Mary Ann performance 33–36; as tool for articulating narrative 101; Chestnut Hotel and Condominium Tower (Philadelphia) 86–87 transdisciplinary character of 152; turned-on 23–24 chimerization 117 Architronic Concept Space 160, 161 Church of the Year 2000 (Rome) 54, 55 armature (smart space) 5, 81, 83 Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health (Las Vegas) artificial light 26 126–127 Arup, Ove 50–51 code: computer 9, 10, 11, 12; as self-generative system 84 association of information 29–30 cognitive dimension: and concept of performance 10, 11–12 associative parametrics 5, 81 Cohen, Preston Scott 5, 24, 70–79 204 index Cold War 17–18 Edwards, Paul 18 computation 4, 50–51, 113; connection between craft and 6, 163; Eisenman Architects 54–61 and engineering 50–51; influence on architecture 50, Eisenman, Peter 5, 11, 17, 54–61 51–52; see also digital technologies Embryological House 18 computational architecture 153 energy efficiency 63, 83, 88, 123, 141, 159 computational biology 153 engineering 6, 49–52; and computation 50–51; divergence from computational chair (C-Chair) 150, 151 architecture 49; performance-based thinking in 49–50, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) 46 52; structural 49–50, 52, 73 computational paradigm 29, 39 Environment-Bubble 155 computer codes 9, 10, 11, 12 Eroded Cubes 161 contemporary design 24 event(s): commensurability between architecture and 19; and digital culture 17–18 context 93 Cook, Peter 22 evolutionary biology 7, 37 Corner, James 40 Explore (computer program) 133 craft: connection between computation and 6, 163 Expo 67 (Montreal) 28 culture: and architecture 63, 91; digital 17–18 extensity 152, 155 curiosity 81 cybernetics 27 Fashion Designer Residence (London) 90, 91, 92, 93 Fathy, Hassan 45, 47 Dallegret, Franỗois 28, 155 Festival of Britain (1951) 23, 24 Darwinian theory 111 file-to-factory (FTF) method 82 deconstructivism 55, 57 Fish décor 26 form 4; and function 4, 10, 111, 113; and performance 4–5, 27, Deleuze, Gilles 16, 38, 81, 83, 101 28, 29, 111 delivery systems 123, 125 form-based design 10–11 Demers, Maurice 28 “form follows function” 4, 111 Derossi, Pietro 22 formalism: and performance 57 digital culture 17–18 Forrester, Jay 17 digital materiality 169 Foster + Partners 6, 182–191 Digital Project 5, 130 FRAC Center Competition 116–119 digital scripts 102–103 FRAC Regional Contemporary Art Museum (France) 104–105, digital technology: and architecture 4, 12, 17, 35, 161–163, 169, 171, 183, 185 116–119 Franken Architekten 5–6, 132–141 dissipative emergence Franken, Bernhard 132–141 Domplatz Hamburg library 56, 57 free skin 25–26, 83 drop formation 133 Free University library (Berlin) 186–187 Dubai Office Tower 94–95 freeways 39 Dubbeldam, Winka 80–89 FTF (file-to-factory) method 82 Duchamp, Marcel: “Bachelor Machine” 103, 105 Fuller, Buckminster 28, 29 Dynaform (Frankfurt) 136, 137, 138–139 Fun Palace 21–22, 22 dynamic ecomorphology: and morphological adaptation function: and form 4, 10, 111, 113 111–113 functionalism 4, 5, 16–17, 18, 28, 71, 171 Furján, Helene 81, 83 fuzzy logic software 5, 102, 103, 111 205 index Galataport (Istanbul) 110, 112–113 Johnson, Philip 24 Gantenbein Vineyard Facade (Fläsch, Switzerland) 166–167, 168, 169 Kafka, Franz 173 garden, urban 26 Kashyap, Sameer 122–131 Gehry, Frank 4, Khan Shatyr Entertainment Center (Astana, Kazakhstan) 190–191 Gehry Partners, LLP/Gehry Technologies 5, 122–131 Kieran, Stephen 38 genomics 153 Klein, Yves 29 geometry/geometries 5, 6, 17, 28, 37, 38, 39, 41, 45, 73, 157, 185 “knotted” structure 87 GLA (Greater London Authority) City Hall 182, 183, 184, 185 KOL/MAC ARCHITECTURE 5, 110–121 GNUFORM (MoMA) 25 Kolatan, Sulan 110–121 Gramazio & Kohler 6, 160–169 Koolhaas, Rem: Delirious New York manifesto 16 Greg Lynn FORM 5, 18, 62–69 Kwinter, Sanford 43–44 Grobman, Yasha J 9–12 Guggenheim Museum (Bilbao) laminates 45 GW497 Project (New York) 84–85 Lap Ming Wong 45 Lavin, Sylvia 6, 21–26 Hamilton, Richard 24 Le Corbusier 16 Harris County 39–40 LEED Platinum accreditation 189 Harris County Flood Control District (HCFCD) 39, 40, 41 Lévy, Pierre 18 Haugen, Linn Tale 45 Lynn, Greg 17, 25, 38, 62–9 He shot me down (Korea) 100, 101, 102 Hensel, Defne Sunguroğlu 45 MacDonald, William 110–121 Hensel, Michael U 6, 43–48, 149 machines 5, 16, 105; and cybernetics 27; and intelligence 103; Herzog, Jacques 16, 17 and production of culture 103; skyzoid 103–104, 107 “high-tech” architecture 177 Maeterlinck, Maurice 103 Hight, Christopher 7, 37–42 malentendu 107 Home Couture (Berlin) 140, 141 Marxism House Beautiful 23 Masdar City (Abu Dhabi) 49 Houston 39–40 mashrabīyas 45, 47, 48 Husserl, Edmund 16, 83 material perspective: of performance-oriented design 43–48 Huyghe, Pierre 107 materials: dynamic nature of 6; smart 47 Hybrid Muscle 101–102, 102 mathematics 83 Hylomorphic 152–153 Mayne, Thom 38 meaning: demise of 17, 18 IAC Building (New York) 122, 123, 124 meaning-form: architecture as 81, 83 Industrial Revolution membrane systems 144, 145, 146, 147 information: as architectural performance 27–31; descriptive and Membrella 146, 147, 148, 149 performative 10; static and dynamic 10 memorization 29, 30 intensity 151–152, 155 Meuron, Pierre de 16, 17 interface 5, 81 Microevent/Microenvironment 155 International Auto Show (1999) (Frankfurt) 133 migrating formations (New York) 96–97 INVERSAbrane 120–121 MIT Media Lab 82 I’ve heard that 108–109 modernists/modernity 15, 28, 35 206 index MoMA (New York) 25 performance: in architecture 9–12, 21–25, 91–99, 171; cognitive Moore’s Law 152 and perceptual dimensions of 10, 11–12; definitions morphogenetic 7, 27–28, 30 71; and form 4–5, 27, 28, 29, 111; and formalism 57; morphological adaptation: and dynamic ecomorphology information as architectural 27–31; levels of meaning 133; as a producer of architectural form 183–191; relations 111–113 between technological performance and subject’s 33–36 multi-storey residential buildings 137 Munich BMW world 51 performance-based design 10–11; and engineering 49; material perspective of 43–48; and performalism 49–52 Museum of Modern Art exhibition (1988) 55 performative affects 91 N-Nature (Rhode Island School of Design) 154, 155, 156–157 performative art: architecture as 15–19 Nanjing University Student Center (Xianlin) 74–75 Perplication, notion of 83 nature 4, 27, 41, 154, 155; architecture by 83; interrelationship Perrella, Stephan with nurture 113; inverse logic in 111; and phoronomic shapes 83 morphogenetic 28 physics envy 37 Nervi, Pier Luigi 50 Picon, Antoine 6, 15–19 Neuman, Eran 33–36 pneumatics 159 New York: apartment 22; migrating formations 96–97 politics of identity 35 noise-entropy 143 Pompeii 61 Novak, Marcus post-Fordism 38 postmodernism 35, 55 O14 office tower (Dubai) 170, 171, 172, 173 potentiality 153, 155 OCEAN 6, 142–149 Price, Cedric 21 office tower (Dubai) 94–95 Problem-Ideas 83 Olzweg 104–105, 106 projective design 23, 55 open architectures 41–42 Open Source Architecture (OSA) 6, 150–159 Q Tower (Philadelphia) 82 optimization 11–12 Quickborner Team 28 organism 81 organismic paradigm 81 R&Sie(n) 5, 100–109 ornament 16, 17, 28 Ray and Maria Stata Center for Computer Information and Intelligence Sciences (MIT, Cambridge) 128–129 Orthodox Synagogue (Potsdam) 164–165 Other World Club (L’Altro Mondo) (Rimini) 22, 22 Reebok Flagship Store (Shanghai) 98–99 Otto, Frei 28, 29, 135 Reiser + Umemoto 6, 18, 24, 170–181 Ove Arup & Partners 50 religious architecture 173 Responsive Wood Master-Studio 45 parametric design 7, 40, 41–42, 125, 133, 185 Rice 39 Parasolar (Tel Aviv) 158–159 Robinson, Michael 39 parcours 25 robot/robotics 6, 96, 161, 163, 167 perceptual dimension: and concept of performance 10, Roche, Franỗois 100109 1112 Rolex Learning Center (Switzerland) 51, 51 performativity 37–39 Roman architecture 49 performalism 3–7, 55, 57; and engineering 50; and performance- Rowe, Colin 37 based design 49–52; trajectories of 57 207 index SAANA 51 Sydney Opera House 63 Sagaponac House (Long Island, New York) 24 Synagogue (Potsdam) 164–165 SAGE 17 Santuario Station (Pompeii, Italy) 60–61 Tafuri, Manfredo: Architecture and Utopia 15 Schoffer, Nicolas 28 Taipei Pop Music Center (Taiwan) 180–181 sciences 151 Taiyuan Museum of Art (China) 70, 71, 72, 73 Scott-Brown, Denise 37 Takeoff (Munich) 134–135 scripting 91 technological performance: and subject’s performance 33–36 Sequential Wall (ETH Zürich) 162, 163 Tel Aviv 159 shape shifting 91 Tel Aviv Museum of Art 24, 76–79 Sheikh Zayed National Museum (Abu Dhabi) 58–59 temporal techniques 91, 93 Shelden, Dennis R 122–131 termites 103 Shenzhen International Airport (Terminal 3) (China) 18, 176–177, Terra Incognita 106, 107 178–179 Timberlake, James 38 Shitting Duck automaton 107 Topkapi Palace (Istanbul) 46 Shopping Brussels 88–89 topology: and urban ecology 113 simulation 11, 183 traceurs 25 skateboarders 25 Tropical Storm Allison (2001) 39 skin: free 25–26, 83; smart 5, 80, 81, 83 Tschumi, Bernard 57 skyzoid machine 103–104, 107 turned-on architecture 23–24 Slavin House (Venice, California) 25, 66–67 Sloterdijk, Peter 155 U-Silk City project (Hanoi, Vietnam) 137, 141 Smart Ecology 88–89 UNStudio 24 smart forms 9, 113 urban ecology: and topology 113 smart materials 47 urban garden 26 smart skin 5, 80, 81, 83 urban surface: as contact surface 113 smart space see armature urban systems 114 “smart” tower 82 Smith, C Ray 22 Vaucanson, Jacques de: Shitting Duck automaton 107 Somol, Bob 38, 39 vector 98 Spaceport America (New Mexico) 188–189 Vietnam 141 spatial and material organization complex: and domains of Villa NM (New York) 24 agency 43–48 Virilio, Paul 18 spatial nets 144 virtual 91, 93 Sprecher, Aaron 7, 27–31, 150–159 voids 137, 141 stage lights 22–23 Voronoi 38 structural engineering 49–50, 52, 73 subject’s performance: and technological performance 33–36 Subway station (Valencia) 50 Wiener, Norbert 27 Wing Yi Hui 45 wood 45, 47; sustainability of as a material 48 Sullivan, Louis 111 SuperStudio 155 Sybil (film) 101 208 index Zunz, Jack 50–51 ... Performing the contemporary, Informationism: The collapsing of or: towards an even newer information as architectural technological performance architecture performance and the subject’s performance. .. performance of form as an object and showing the possibility of realizing this odd form the performance of the human subject Form in this The initial interest in form in terms of visual and case is... Performalism : Form and Performance in Digital Architecture / Yasha J Grobman and Eran Neuman   pages cm   Includes index Architectural design—Data processing Architecture, Modern—21st century Architecture Composition,