Memoirs MCZ 10

MEMOIRS OF I in MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, HARVARD COLLEGE VOL X r UN IV E I: s T Y P ESS, C A M JOHN WILSON AND SON I i; 1883—1885 B RIDGE (OMEN T \ REPORTS ON THE RESULTS OF DREDGING BY THE U S COAST SURVEY STEAMER "BLAKE." XXIV Part I Report on the Echini Bj Alexander \'.\ i/ No pp 32 Plates lL'ii By Joel Asaph Allen, I' I pp L3 Plates December, L885 RESULTS OF AN EXAMINATION OF SYRIAN MOLLUSCAN FOSSILS, IF CHIEFLY FROM RANGE OF MOUNT LEBANON By Charles Edward Bamlin \ September, 1883 ON AX EXTINCT TYPE OF DOG, FROM ELY CAVE, LEE COUNTY, VIRGINIA DTo.3 S \ REVISION OF THE September, I I pp.68 Plates iM'AHln: April, 1884 By Walter Faxon, pp i-vi, 186 LO Plates UlUnujirs of the jttuscum of (Lompiuttoe Zoology AT HARVARD COLLEGE Vol X No RT EP 11 RESULTS OF DREDGING, UNDER THE SUPERVISION Or ALEX A N D E R A G A S S IN I Z, THE GULF OF MEXICO (1877-78), IN THE CARIBBEAN SEA (1878-79), AND ALONG THE ATLANTIC COAST OF THE UNITED STATES (It U S COAST SURVEY STEAMER "BLAKE," LlECT.-Co-M C D SlGSBEE, U S X., IMi COMMANDED XXIV Report on (Published the Part 15 MM LETT, 1' Patterson and J E U S Coast and Geodetic Survey, II i WITH THIRTY-TWO PLATES CAM BRIDG 13rintclJ for Hie L" S X , COMMANDING I By Alexander Echini, by permission of Caklile K J E: ffluscum September, 1888 Agassiz 1. Superintendents INTRODUCTION The Preliminary Reports on the Echini 1877-78, V., No Report 1878-79, and for M C / be found all 9, Bull will Straits of Florida in : summer for the of the Blake Expeditions of 1880, were published and Vol VIII No M 2, Bull (' X in for Vol In the former the Stations occupied in the Gidf of Mexico and the latter, the Stations explored along the West India Islands and the Atlantic coast of the United States therefore, only principal localities in sufficient give in this Report, I number to indicate the geo- graphical range and bathymetrical distribution of each species as determined by the dredgings of the '-Blake." Expedition Challenger graphical distribution of species collected Deep-sea II by Mr Vol X., known, including the The Preliminary Reports on the Pourtales off the Florida Reefs, were I., No of the Revision of the UL Cat M The importance on the Echini of the Eteporl of the bathymetrical and geo- by the Blake Expeditions Echini, collected Coast Echini," the list the species of Echini then all published in the Bull M C porated in Part In have given a C Z., No VII The final Report was incor- Echini under the name of Mem M.C.Z., Vol III " East 1872-74 of the collection of the Echini brought together during the cruises of the " Blake" is well shown by a comparative statement of our knowledge of the Caribbean Echinid Fauna before and alter the explorations undertaken under the auspices of the I'nited States Coast Survey There are now known eighty-three species bean Fauna Pourtales in Of the these, eleven "Bibb" and •• were added of Sea-urchins by the from the Carib- dredgings of Count Sassier," nineteen were discovered "Blake," and thirteen species previously known from other dredged for the first time in by the districts were the Caribbean and adjoining seas by the Coast INTRODUCTION • 1V so that the list of species has Survey Expeditions, by the dredgings made been more than doubled since 187G In consequence of the great delay in preparing the illustrations of the more minute structure less well known and many of the Salenidse, the Echinothuriae, of the Spatangoids, the concluding Part of this Report will appear on their completion details of the geographical distribution of the Echini of the '-Blake The having already been given in the 1878, Vol VIII No No 2, Preliminary Reports (Bull M C.Z., Vol V 1880) to avoid repetitions the previously published records, as well as to the tions occupied by the -Blake" On the character of the bottom who (Bull M list merely refer of the No C Z., Vol VI sta- 1, 1870 Vol the completion of the Be] orts by the differ- have kindly consented to work up the collections of the "Blake." including the examination of the bottom samples a to dredging These give the position, the depth, the temperature, and VIII No 4, 1881) ent specialists, " I hope to make revision of the geographical and bathymetrical distribution of the various groups, so as to give a good picture of the animals associated at the principal localities which make up the-Fauna characteristic of certain well-defined he more Nothing can regions different, for than the animals instance, found associated on the rocky bottom along the southern slope water) of the Florida Beef, on the Pourtales Plateau, with of Corals Rhizocrini, and Starfishes, from those found its in (in deep predominance the calcareous ooze of the trough of the Gulf Stream (Lamellibranchiates, Holothurians &C.); and again from the association of the masses of GorgoniaB, and Terebratulae, the north coast of Cuba, brought up oil' Nor can there be the trawl of the Pteropod ooze its in a greater contrast, deep water oil' the west in a SalenisB, single haul of between the inhabitants end ol Santa Cruz, with preponderance of Phonnosomae, of Asthenosomaa, ami Hyalonemse, and those of the forests of Pentacrini and Gorgonise, ami Comatulse ami Ophiurans, living in the accompanying such abundance on the windward coast of St Vincent We coral may contrast, again, the deep-water ooze, mainly made up of a fauna off the Tortugas, in the most remarkable association of Fishes 1NTR0D1 CTION and Crustacea, with the hauls entirely of in deep water, \ al special localities, made up thousands of specimens of single species, either of Ophiurans, of Echini, of Take again ComatuUe, of Crustaceans, or of Gorgoniae the bottom along the ridges between the West or along the course of the Gulf Stream urarh clear of all animal life, off the Carolinas, and compare thai to the rich India Islands, which are swepl ami varied Fauna found at the same depths along the continental shelf farther along the western shelf of the Windward Caribbean; or compare these Fauna' in Islam!-, on the turn with the mass Horn} mainly composed of GorgoniaB, of Calcareous and lee ol north, and in the animal life, side, Sponges, upon the great plateau on the west of Florida and on the Yucatan Bank; there can be no greater contrasts within the narrowly circumscribed areas I have mentioned, whole differing all belonging to This clearly indicates great the West Indian faunal contrast- principally in the character of the bottom, conditions, such a- temperature, in Fauna taken as a very limited areas and where the physical depending mainly upon currents and winds, are in striking opposition within comparatively moderate distances ALEXANDEB Cambridge, Mass., September 1SS3 AGASSIZ "if r m / M it -• Prtnled C Jm Hi., I Faxon- A STAC I DA •' I I \STACIDA ; ! \ i- i w< i in ! i A i ,ii!- l i * A^^Wf: - : "-X ":; Printed by I C In V -X A .STAC DA I I IV M l r Prtmed by B.Mniel P.Roetwr i«l, iTACIDA.- v \d I 'I J&: Y H : > :, V *., \ * % / ; I »* ^» ^ #* 'Vj* ... test (PL IL Figs 3 -10) ; these figures show well the gradual passage from a long, sharp-pointed, cylindrical radiole (PI to a huge fan-shaped 4-1) in II Fig 3) radiole (Fie- 10) , through the successive... * Species marked • differing were discovered bj tli from I> papiUata and l> DOROCIDARIS BLAKEI 10 Blakei in the shape of the plates of the abactinal system (PL II Fig 17) The ocular plates are... being mn- huge fan-shaped radioles the isolated if bad alone been dredged, radioles PI II Figs 7 -10) nearly identical in shape with those of the Jurassic Rhabdocidaris remus Des (Phyllacanthus