Australian Lepidoptera V1, Van Voorst, 1890

[REPllINT OF TITLE PAGE ONLY, 1890] AUSTRALIAN LEPIDOPTERA AND TIIEJK TRANSFORMATIONS, Sralun Ik X\k, fiDiii IIY llAKlilET AND IJ ELENA SCOTT; WITH Descriptions, (Bmu\ anb Sijstcinatic, BY A ASH L^LAND, W SCOTT, HUNTER M.A.^ NEW SOUTH EIVEIi, vc:)j WALES I LONDON: JOHN VAN VOOKST, PATEKNOSTEK ROW .MIJCOULNIN' AUSTRALIAN LEPIDOPTERA VOL I INDEX, By W Note.— Species J Rainbow, F.L.S., Entomologist, Australian Museum, Sydney, italics, plants, thus: Antiieu.i'.a ,, ,, lloribunda Acuu-iiii ellipticiL ,, AcKJKA andromacha capital printed Iloman in and sniaU capital in : italics: full 21, nfjricula casiiariud' ,, Aoarista Monotoca albocosla, Cryptophasa 1, Helena 2, Janeita simplex .1, 2, 2, 17, AroiJA iitfreqnena xyloriieli Apotlas argenteuF, Cossus astrophela, Asthkr^a Tecouia Ficus Banksire intPgrifolia 4, 8, serrata 8, bi-pnnctaia, Crytopiiasa Bo-MBVX vielanosticta nasuta „ Bulrush Catrrpillar Brownii, Scolopia casta, Doratiophora Casuarina paludosa ,, casuarinat, Acarista Bulrush CoUesi Cnethocavtpa melanospiln CnELErTER\x Collesi, Guildingi corifolia, Ivunzea corymboaa, Eucalyptus „ 1, Cossus Cosav argenteiis , Eig, labyrinthicns ,, „ Oupania xylocarpa Gastropacha iiasntula Geigera salicifolia Onathothlibus erotoides gracile, Jasminuni Guildingi, CoNacCA Gunnii, Spluvria 23 Doratiophora Doratiophora Doratiophora 20 18 G, 7, 24 1, 15, 24 24 13 9, !), 12 Hesperia Jacchus U, 14 13 Ilumuli, Hepialus 23 25 13 20 Apoda immaculata, Cryptophasa innominata, Sphjeria integrifolia, Banksia Jacclius, Eudainus „ Hesperia Papilio „ Janelta, Aktheh.ea 13 23 23 23 2, J uncus ell'usus Kunzea K'i laiiigeruin 17, 1,-; 19 Laplacei, Saliirnia 17 20 Lasiocanipa 27 lauta, 20 Leptospermuni Leptospermuni ttastita Aulaosoma 27 lanigerum Leuini, Chara(;ia „ erotoides, Gnaiholklibus Sphi7,.V E7idamns Jacchus Eumeta 1, corifolia Lamhcrti, Charagia casta Aciuena erathrotenia, Cryptophasa 17 Juncus 4, infrequens, ;, labyrinthicus, Cossus le Leivini Eucalyptus 13 15 3, elliptica, „ lieterophylla, Vitis Chcerocampa 23 Jasniinuin gracile Elieodendron auatrale erotus, 23 10 23 28 Harpyia Hepialus llunudi 23 Doratiopliorse ptlusus, 12 23 23 frauenfeldi, fficutilA 11 ,, fragrans, ffigiccras Helena, ANTiiEU/>;A Hepialus Hepialns lignivorus ,, angustifolia 23 23 23 90 Dodona;a ,, floribunda Acacia 15 Deilepldla purcia Dicranoitra Native Furcula 8, 12 23 3U 30 1-1, ,, 14 albocosta spilonoia striyata 30 29, r>, ,, s, Cryptophasa ,, 'i 14 14 14 4, Cryptophasa 9, 21, 2, 21 23 \, 21, •22, 23 27, 29 26 27 27 22 19 17 Casuaiinpe 19 17, virescens 19 18 , Charagia rubroviridans Chkbaoia Evodia micrococca Felderi, GEcinea S 4, Crgptuphasa viclanostigma 13 10, Ramsayi 1, Cryptophasa immaculata 30 20 20 16 australc, Ela;oden(iron australia, Leioini lignivora hi-punctata Cryplophasa erathrotenia 12 tood of eucalypti, ANTiiERiEA affahricata Ficus australis 19 19 Piklus Caterpillar, 2, Oerura „ CONCECA fiALcalyj^ti ansiralis, ,, ,, Conieca .I, Ajioda ,, 23 Antiirr-ea astTophela ,, Lamherii 21 23 39 names Eucalypti Festra Oheleptbryx : m name Specific Sph:\3ria Robertaii, etc Woollsii „ 25 25 22 Antherffiw Cuaragia 16 8, 11 24, Clielepteryx ANTilliit-EA Bankaia 15 andromacha, AcR.V.k angustifolia, Dodoniea annua, Poa „ Cliaragia albeiis, airijmJpis, Oliaragije Papilio ,, s(;j'o/a evotrcs 2.') Agarista picta AoLAOSOMA lauia agricola, Ch.erocampa 23 24, 25 23 24, 25 24 15 16 23 23 aiistralis ,, 22, vcnusia I'hloiop.sijche Evodia microcoeoa, He])ialus, Ckbuka Chc.rocampa 23 23 and the letters, Eucalyptus corymboaa Agarista ACJAHISTA ,, -i, Acra;a theodote aftinis, Acacia affahricaia Festra ,, ; in Cerura aiiinis ,, cucuhjpti Entomogenous Fungi, and general terms Acaciu ,, name Synonyms arc are distinguished by having the Gniciic 1899 0, 17, 18, 21 23 23 23 23 23 28 28 Doratiophora „ lignivora^ Charagia lignivorus, Hepialus 17, 8, r., G 19 ,17, Limacodes Limacodes Limacodida; \ 19 19 17 I N D EX — Continued PAQB PAOI Liparis melanoslicla luna, Tropica Malioe media, Stellaria Melaleucjc 23 o U '.'.' 29 inelano^pila, Citfi,tliocampa 33 23 23 23 23 melanosticta, lioMBY.x Liparis „ Teara nyilaiiustiijiua, Crijptophasa flielicytus raiiiidorus Metrosideros 14 Metura micrococca, Evodia Monotoca albcns Moth, Puss nasuia, Bo.MHYX Lasiocampa Perophora 26 23 SpIisRria B, 11, 12, y, 1'ltaJa^nQute.i Pliloiopsy(;hc I'hloiopsyclie veiamla IG polypliemus, Telia porcia, Deihphila ,, ScoUi frauenfeldi CEgiceras fragrans Olea paniculata ,, Opodipthnra varicolor Opsirhiyia ttanula Opuntia vulgaris paludosa, Casuarina Pania ')',' pyrifornie, Xylonielutn Hkizopsycke SwaiuHoui Robertsii, Sphairia paniculata, Olca Laptacei LIST M Vitis lieteropliylla 1-1 vulgaris, Wattle xylomeli, CASTA INFltP;iiUENS PLATE OlIELRPTKltYX l.:ULLESI alhocoht.\ ,, niPUNCTATA IMMACULATA „ SPILOXO'IA „ PLATE AOARISTA CASUAHIN* AGRICOLA „ PLATE RnizopsYCUE SWAJ.XSONI = y'ic/ns sKaitjsoiit, in text PLATE PLATE C0N(ECA CiLILDINCl Q^COHIA EHAUENFELIil CECINEA FKLDK1{I Aglaosoma lauta Oekura austealis „ SCOTTI E RRATUM Page 19, eleventh line fr-oin Ijottoin, for speciocissinia read 23 36 23 5, sp.eciosissnna 14 25 31 19 Apoda Xylonielum pyi'iforme Zeuzora PhloiopsychI'; vexu.sta = C/(ora^irt liijnivora, in te.xt spLKN-nKNK = Charayia splcndens, in text „ Ukyi'topiia,sa 19 Opuntia trees Apoua xylomeli , Woollsii, Eucalyptu'i xylocarpa, Oupaiiia ,, PLATE CnARA(ilA viresccns, PLATE „ venusta, Phloiopsyche 23 varicolor, Opodipikera DORATIOPIIORA LEWINI PLATE 11 Typhoiiia OF PLATES ASTIIEIiSA EUCALYPTI 13 12, Thyridopteryx trees, Wattle Tropjea luna 20 23 17, li, Telia polypiiomus Telopea speciosissima thmdote, Acra-a Scolopia Brownii scrota, ClI.EROCAMl'A Tecoiiia australis 31 Saturniidic 23 9, 10 1, 20 29, 30 23 23 15 Teara melaiiostica 21 1, 14 Rhizopsychc ,, Pielus 11 Geigera Saiurtiia 23 PLATE ">, rubroviridans, Chartujia Vapilio Ckyptopiiasa Stvainso7ii, Styphelia 14 14 4, 1.5 slrigata, U ramillorus, Melicytus ,, 29 20 20 26, 28 26 16 19, 20 Puss Molh e7-oltis sleropes, Jacclnis 21 Psyclioides 21 15, 24 Robertsii 2.') Psycliidie salicifoiia, „ 23 PSYClliU.K 23 23 iiinoii)inata Cryptopiiasa spinulo-sus, Podocarpus Stellaria media Prenmopsyclic Prickly Pear '.'.' I, ,, spilonota, 13 12, Cunnii Sphinx 13 11, „ 2, Spheripc 14 11 12, 9, Rliizopsyclie Fdikri 4, Podocarpus spinuiosus 28 „ 22 27 Nativo Fig CKcinea CEciNEA !!! O^COBIA nasutiila, Gastropaclia 3, Poa annua Ramsayi, CuAKAfjlA Rata Opsir}dna ,, Scolti, M S?vai>isu)ii fficobia 19 19 12 13 13 33 23 23 23 30 30 28 ii, 30 20, 29, 30 37, 29 ,, 10, simplex, Antiibii^ka speciosissima, Tdopea picta, Afjarista 8, 31 „ 28 30 CECINEA serrata, Banksia Pielus PiKI.US atripalpis ,, H 29, 35 33 ,, 1-t perforala ,, 30 36, Papilio agricola Papilio Jacckjis Pear, Prickly perforata, Metrosideros 19 4, 19, 20 5, 11 Plate A'lsli-uliaii I.miii] ;|jtr^rr ,1 *;'5'^*'V/^: ^y%' # / Jbitherffia E-acalypti Fi'ora l^atiuze "bv HaiTiet Scott, on AlLaa kWiglej- .Pj-inters Sidney S'tone b;y X Tliomas AUSTRALIAN LEPIDOPTERA AN!) THEIR TRA?fS FORMATIONS ANTHER^A AnslraJian Crroup, Brit, ilus Cat Lep Het., p 1252 Antkercea, Hubner Saturnia, Boisd,, Westwood Corpus robustum marginesquo posteriores ; Altc ampla;, anticpc plcrumque falcatas, alternis liueis ; yicibus Larva magna, decora, tuberculata, posterior borders undulating Spiral tongue, obsolete Legs pilose and robust 4-pectinated on each joint is partly or wholly vitreous fore wings, principally in the males, falcate ; Larva large, Antennoe ocellos Lingua articulis 4-pcctinatis FoUioulus eoriaoeus, lentus, unius et ejusdem ubique generis ct arborioola AVings ample, eacb with an ocellus, whose disc stout undulatis inter Thorax utrinque imcino valido armatus pi-esertim in maribus Pedes, pilosi, robusti, tibiis posterioribus duobus parvis calcaribus instructis spiralis, obsoleta Body partim vel omniiio vitrco ocello ; ; space between ocelli and Thorax furnished on each side with a strong hook second and posterior pairs with two small spurs on showy, tuberculated and inhabiting tibia; AntennEe Cocoon, coriaceous, tough, of even texture trees throutrhout SPECIES T.nrielies /3 & ? of AnthoTO.i Helena, Brit Tsh\s 1st.— ASTIIER." bis longior Larva robusta, ; oylindrica, elongata, pilosa, maculis midtis verrucosis setas omittentibus Wings long, rather broad across tlie middle, slightly convex in front, tips sub-rectangular, pointed, and in the hind wings produced to some distance beyond the interior angle of fore wings J&te— Pore wings trigonate, exterior margin undulating, obUquc hind wings slightly undulating and moderately rounded at the exterior margin Female—ioi-c -syings somewhat lanceolate, oblique at the exterior margin, much rounded at the hinder angle hind wings moderately rounded, somewhat denticulated along the exterior margin 15ody pilose, )«»7e— moderately stout female— stout Abdomen reaching to even or slightly ; ; ; bi-yond the hind wings Antenna;, long, bipeetinatcd the head, in the male moderately stout, female slender length of either Larva Maxilla? obsolete Legs moderately stout, cylindrical, elongated, pilose, with male strongly, female in the ; ; Saiumia G- Palpi, porrectod forwards terminal and basal joints small, nearly equal stout, 2nd pairs numerous whorls witii 2, ; beyond 2ud joint twice pairs with small spurs and posterior on tlie tibiic of verruoose spots emitting setic SPECIES l.-OHELBPTEBTX OOLLESl -(Plate Glieleptenjx GolUsi, slightly 7.) R Gray Laplacei, Feistiiamel Festra ajfahricata, Wallengren, Eugenies Resa Of the Lepidoptera that have come under our notice, the Caterpillars and Cocoons of the C CoUesi are pre-eminently the most noxious, being armed at all points with stiff bristles and short fine exceedingly sharp hairs, wliioh by careless haudliiig all wdll puncture and adhere flrmly to the skin, thereby causing considerable rienced by contact with the minute bristly spines of the Prickly Pear Apparently powerful and robust as the after they still become restless, ; for wander about the box, refuse irritation similar in eircet to that expe- (Opuntia Vulgaris.) larva; are in their natural state, have passed a certain advanced stage of growth tended, they annoyance and we have always found dillicultv in rearin" them although well supplied with fresh food and otherwise carefully all nutriment and quickly perish, indicating that we arc eitlier not with their wants, or that they wdll not bear the close confinement to which under the circumstances they must This difficulty of maturing them in captivity however is of no great moment, for their metamorphoses necessarily be subjected fully acquainted can be easily observed out of doors, from the profusion in which the caterpillars and cocoons are to be met with The one plant, the Eucalyptus, and even of this extensive genus but one or two species seem to please On the stems of such trees they may be seen during the day time in summer, congregated in some larva; affect only their fastidious palates numbers waiting for the evening, their period for activity and repast They arc exceedingly handsome, and when arrived at full maturity about the largest and most powerful oaterpillar we are acquainted with in this Colony, measuring fully G inches in lenfth and very robust in form The general colour is of a rich satiny brown, produced by a thick-set glossy coating of short, Each segment, with the exception of the first, contains a whorl of yellow verrucose spots, the second and third seoTnents however bearing two additional dorsal spots placed immediately before the others the upper portion of the 1st segment is occupied by a raised yellow band with a tubercle of the same colour at each end this baud and the Avholc of the fine, depressed hairs ; ; yellow verrvicoso spots emit tufts of stiff longish brown-coloured bristles, those immediately above the legs and head intermixed The caudal extremity and two raised bands placed between the legs for the whole length of the In consequence of the bands and additional tubercles the caterpillar, are also yellow and thickly set wdth rigid brown bristles When immature the larva is of a light anterior and posterior portions are much more setigcrous than the intermediate space with leni-thcned white hairs reddish colour and covered with grayish patches ; not of that rich dark satiny brown which G it afterwards assumes • AUSTliALIAN LEPIUOPTEKA 22 TliB Cocoon fixed firmly either to tlie brauch or is trunk of the buildings or palings or in the fissures of well sheltered rocks and in tree, many instances even on the form being of an elongated oval, ; th Mails of adjacent at the ends, much produced tlie by manufactured that outwards, projecting and composed of a strong silken texture, thickly set with fine hairs, the points satiny hue whitish size and inferior is of the male by that female is a brownish colour, wliUe their frequency, from with mot readily be may and These Cocoons are constructed principally towards the end of January, on land uncleared still the relates to particularly especially in the neighbourhood of Sydney, although our own experience more the Monoof bark rough the between from them the eastern slope of Darling Point, where Nve have taken as many as twenty of the overunder numbers considerable in thimi found there also AVe toca alhcns? ranged side by side like so many hammocks of growth luxuriant a course in its nourishing hanging ledges of rocks from the top of which water is continually dripping, and the punctured are cocoons these of many very that seen may remark that on examination it will be various ferns larvae, mature almost the fatally affect likewise may the same Cause chrysalids within destroyed by some parasitical depredator We : and constitute one of the means which render their rearing in captivity so difficult setose segment terminal with the and brown, reddish rich of a length, The Chrysalis (Fig 1) is 3} inches in in expanse of measures female The June in appearing majority the The perfect insects take wing at irregular periods, wings inches 7|- the male ; inches C)^ long, bipcetinated The Antenmc, The Labial palpi, porrected to a little beyond the ; front of the head The ; more robust, with the terminal larger and and basal johits 2nd being twice the length of either 2nd and basal joints terminal nearly naked and pointed Of the male similar but thickly covered with hairs and scales, The in the female (Fig 2) slightly (Fig 1) terniinal of the female, ; ; nearly equal in length, the and small, whole length (Fig 3) deeply, along its in the male rounded joint at the tip obsolete Ila.iUlcf, tibiic Leffs, and 2nd paiis tarsi thinly covered \^ith apical, with hair, coxa' and femora densely lanuginose, (Fig and posterior pairs with small spurs on anterior leg) 5, tibiaj "Wings partly dellexed in repose In the female the ground colour of the superior wing loped transverse bar of rich brown edged with of a light is black, having within it tawny brown through the centre runs a broad ; a large whitish discoidal spot, and, on the outer scal- side, a the approaching beyond this, margin inner the towards defined well white and becomes however pale indistinct band, which bands of light gray undulating two irregular Mhieh from yellow, dull of spots semi-transparent oval or three apex, arc two towards margin anterior The with brown edged being broadly border exterior anal angle, the the at branch oii, and terminate ; the apex is grayish, having within it wavy distinct suh-costal black band A strongly defined irregular transverse black and divided wing The basal moiety of the inferior wing is of a dark neutral tint a short band near the base completes the superior by a whitish transverse hand from the outer ; half, which is brown, and which contains two irregular transverse bands, the outer Thorax and abdomen tawny brown being dull yellowish and scalloped, the inner faint and indistinct half of the under surface of the superior The inner wdng outer one placed on the disc being the largest and lunuled brownish gray, relieved by irregular scalloped brown markings brown, bearing in the discoidal is The ; ; cell very large and robust two whitish spots, the exterior moiety, together with the whole of the under wing, the nervures assuming a yellowi^h tint Thorax and abdomen densely lanuginose The male is, in general colour and the various markings, very similar to the other the principal variations being that the short sub-costal band before described upper wing ; is sex, but considerably darker and richer, here continued in regular scallops across the more indented a distinct saturnine band is brighter and more distinctly the internal edging of the broad transverse bar which contains the discal spot hue pervades the disc and adjoining portions of the wing, and the outer transverse ; scalloped Beneath, the similarity is continued with the like exceptions, that of the markings being brighter in colour and more sharply defined The male and female moths, the larva at full maturity, and the cocoon of the female are delineated in this plate, on or about a branch of the Eucalyptus corymbosa in flower of the foregoing fine insect, the Chelepteryx Collesi, haa necessarily brought under our notice Mr The consideration H D J Wallengren of Stockholm, the " Eugenie," as he has described and figured this well writer on the Lepidoptera collected during the voyage of the Swedish Frigate and new and we species also by the append a title list of Festra ajfahricata, and of others which we deem we now venture a few known moth as a nevj genua genera! remarks on that portion of his pubhcation which treats of our Colonial insects erroneously n:inicd, in the hope that by so doing we shall be of some service in ; obviating that perplexity AND and confusion which niusf inevitably ensue from tliiy THEIli TRANSFORMATIOKS nuw genera and new indiscriminate formation of 23 species, witli tlieir nHendant, evils of useless and cumbersome synonyms The small collection of Icpidoptcra which the Swedish naturalists obtained during the short stay of the Frigate in the waters of Port Jackson, has afforded to Mr Wallenj^ren an opportunity for the construction of a few new genera and new twenty-three speciea, the majority of which Bearing in mind that these insects were found in an English colony and within the precincts of Sydney, a large and populous rejected inhabitants are highly interested in the various branches of Natural History, the works of English authors before he issued his publication :— a it we think must be many city, of whose does appear somewhat remarkable that Mr Wallengren should not have consulted which must be taken as a Swedish National production, and one which ought pulilication to be looked upon as a correct authority for fnture writers The knowledge which made unsatisfactory indeed, he has "affinis * "Species gentleman possesses of our eniomological literature must indeed be very vague and meagre as evinced this to it, and the whole of which we now Opusculum Lewini non vidimus," cum extract, viz " Species nostra forle p 367 C strigata, Lewin, sine dubio affinitatem habet —" Species eadem sit quam maximam, : in the only references, quam maxime nostra, ut videtur, L nasuta, Lewin, et Boisd ac species Donovani, sed figuram ejus ad quam sed figuram hujus speciei, manum non habuimus," dedit auctor, non vidimus," p 386 p 368 ' Since the days of Lewin and Donovan, however, a host of able writers on exotic entomology have appeared in Great Britain, and had Mr Wallengren in the performance of the task imposed on him by his government, taken the ordinary precaution of examining their works, whicli are freely illustrated by coloured plates, we he could easily have cursorily take bis satisfied now list himself that most of his new creations lying before us, and as the insects species the discrepancies which exist between his momenclature had been previously described, nay, many of them we have known, we can without much selected are well and that of other figured In support of our assertion, (litHculty point out in the following autboi-s Acrrea theodote Acrtea Andromacha, Fabr Eudamus Jacchus Papilio Jacchus, Von Hesperia Jacchus, ; Fabr Steropes ; Jacchus, Boisd Deilephila ])or(Ma Cluorocampa Scrofa, Grnathothlibns erotoides (n gen.) Sphinx Brotns, Ormn Fabr Brit Miis Cat SphiniiiiJa- Chrerocampa Erotus, ; Mus Brit Cat Spliingicl(B Opodipthcra varicolor Anthera!a simplex, Brit Mus Gat Lep (n gen.) Kestra affabricata (n gen.) Cheleptcryx Collesi, G Gastropacha nasutula Bombyx nasuta, Lawin It ; and G^-ay, JJct Brit Mm Gat Lep Set Lasiocampa nasuta, Boisd; Opsirhina nasuta, Brit Mils Gat Lep Ret Bombyx Cnethocanipa melauospita Teara melanosticta, In respect to the Don melanosticta, ; Liparis melanosticta, Boisd ; Brit Mils Cat Lep Hc.f Cryptophasa erathrotenia Cryptophasa Cpyptophasa melanostigraa Cryptophasa bipunctata, Lewin strigata, Leiviu above and to the remaining Australian Lepidopterons insects described by this Author, we shall hei-eafter have to speak more fidly as each respectively comes under review in our present publication AGARTSTA Aijarista, Leacli Papilio, Alae sat apud apioem ot anguluin posterioi-cm rotundata; medium aliis crassiores, et inde vix pilosse ; ; 2''"" et basalis robustiores, pilosi ad apicem vix unoinatum minuentes scobe lignoso et terroso agglutinatus, ; small artioulus torminalis gracilis, vix pilosus, 2''>"- nuUo subtegumento, humi Antennse simplices, longse, longior Pedes sat robusti segmento pcnultimo vix tumido ; femora dens^ pilosa, tibite Larva elongata, crassa ; fasciis FoUieulus crassus snbovatus, fere depositus, aut vix subterraneus AVings moderately large, rounded at their tips and hinder angles Head ; ; intermedioe calearibus duobus, posteriores quatuor longiusouHs transversis, nonnullis vix setosa, vel appendiculis spatulatis the hind wings Corpus modicc ci-assum, alas posticas non superans Palpi longi, antrosum porreoti, asccndontcs, caput multo superantos fere coniformis, noiinuUis subclavatus graciles, super modicc, Lewin lata?, Caput parvum aliis lio: Donovan , apud apicem ; Body moderately thick, extending to about even with Palpi long, porreeted forwards and upwards to some distance beyond tlie front of the head ; ter- minal joint thin, almost naked, generally conical at the apex, in some slightly clavate; middle and basal joints stouter and covered ivith hair, the middle joint being longest Antenna; simple, long, slender, gradually thickening beyond the middle, "EugeniesResa," 1851— 1853 Lepidoptera, species novas descripsit H 1) J Wallengren ; Stockholm, 1861 AUSTRALIAN LEFIDOPTERA 24 thence attenuating to a point which is sliglitly Legs tolerably stout uncinated ; femora densely pilose, tibia, some, pilose in thick, striated or elongated, Larva spurs longish with _ j-, j^».apical, posterior J^>UU^V^i.lUi pairs lilt — ILJ^JLV-U.^! ^ I^UILO with second pairs almost naked in others OCUUIH-L sUghtly protuberant segment penultimate appendages; spatulatc banded transTcrscly; in some slightly setose, in others with of an irregular oval covermg thick into a together agglutinated Coeoon composed of particles of earth and eomminuted wood, surface of the ground the beloAV slightly on or placed generally and lining, form, devoid of - (> SPECIES 1,— AGARISTA CASUAEIN^,— (Plate 8.) of larvx few land, a the clearing in engaged workmen our of from one Some years have; now elapsed since wc obtained have never time we which since Casuarina lofty of a bough the from gathered this species of Agarista, which he said he had the known in well and frequent they are that ascertained have wo found them here in our numerous excursions, although April, feeding upon the month of during the us to forwarded liecn have larva; Ashfield the Prom ; suburbs of the metropolis larger and finer than the specimens taken much repeatedly insects arc perfect the locality same in the and pondulus, Loranthus plants, constitute the proper food parasitical other may be, and, it Loranthus the that the fact attribute to wo figure, which we of this particular species, as our original larva; feeding upon the leaves of the Casuarina, although sparingly, produced The specimens we have seen in the cabinets of the Australian JEusoum, and inferior size equal in expanse of wing the female of Agarista Agricola figured in the present plate The Caterpillar measures 2} inches in length : moths of in the possession of our friends, fully the ground colour of a jet black with numerous white bands encircling first annulation are of the and part the head which with the body, and An irregular and slightly tubereulatcd bar of carmine nearly covers the upper portion of the penultiof a rich orange yellow like battledores, are placed upon ends, their flattened at slightly appendages, filamental rather long whorls of and segment, mate and if each scment in lieu of seta; When at rest it throws back its head and thoracic segments as shown in the drav.ing, a lateral irritated ejects leaves, row of white dots immediately above the from the mouth and earthy a greenish yellow liquid particles strongly united, in shape The Chrysalis (fig measures 1) legs, In March our specimens formed their cocoons of triturated bark, dead an irregular oval of an inch in length, reddish i brown colour, truncated posteriorly, raid with the spiracles distinctly developed The moths reared by us were The Antenruc in expansion of ^vings 2} inches, 2) simple, (fig but we consider this as small very slightly ciliated beneath, gradually thickening towards the upper end whence they attenuate to a point, terminating in an elongated hook 'I'lie /,aO!til pal/ji (fig 4, divested of hair,) ; curve upwards, and project to even with the top of head which hairs except the terminal joint joint, The and h femora and Ijff/s, larger than the basal tibia; pilose, longish spurs on Wings dcilcxed in repose, The upper surface of the ; is almost bare, slightly clavatc, the two latter being tarsi nearly naked; 2nd pair more (fig inferior wing contains across wing, and over this is in length than the middle robust ,5) with two, and posterior pairs with four and the moth diurnal perf(,ot insect is throughout of a jet black, with five transverse margin adjoining one broad and distinct, the latter terminating in the middle of the wing ; covered with tibia' superior wing, the two nearest the base thin and converging to a point at the inner towards the exterior margin i less ; ; ; the straw-coloured bands on the the third, across the fifth or disc, and the outer one thin and scalloped between this band and the exterior margin running along the nervures are whitish streaks its Tlie centre an irregularly scalloped straw-coloured line as if in continuation of that on the superior a lunuled diseal spot of similar colour The wings are margined with alternate white and black ITead and thorax possess three longitudinal lines of yellowish white, and the abdomen is tipped with orange yellow The colouring of the under side is very similar, but whiter in the markings, possessing additionally on the lower wings the whitish streaks in the direction of the nervures Two caterpillars The abdomen, femora, and on a branch of the Casuarina paludosa in seed, and the; tibia;, clothed with orange yellow hairs perfect insect, arc delineated in our drawing ^ & 2j^ H CD hi W, a 'V ^ ^^ /' V AND THEIR TUANSI'OUMATIONS SPECIES 2.— AGAUISTA AGKICOLA.— (Plati.; l\t]3lllu 25 8.) Agricoln, Donovan, lus N"c\v Holland Ayarlsta plcta, LeacU More than half a century ago lloUaud/' wlicrein he descrihes it Donovan was as "possessing to figure this fine species of Agarista in tlie first no ordinary share of gaiety in its liis " Insects of New contrasted hues," an observation in strict accordance with the beautiful and varied colouring of the moth which would almost have justified Leach, Godart, and others, committing a broach of the law of priority by the substitution of the more appropriate " name of " m picta Although pillar so many writers have noticed this insect in has ever been figured or described in length, (the male less robust, shorter its The one represented by an we perfect state, in our plate inch, but otherwise similar), for that of Agricola' arc not aware that the equally shon^y cater- that of a female, and measures nearly inches is plump, soft, and of a delicate creamy white, relieved by rich velvety black annular bands in the middle of each segment, with the exception of the fourth, which possesses one of a bright saturnine red the penultimate segment also carries a saddle shaped marking of the same saturnine hue partly obsciu-ing the black band The head and feet are of a dull red, and whorls of shining black filamental appendages, few in number and spatulate in form, take their rise from the annular bands ; Two days previous to the construction of cocoon a material alteration takes place in the appearance of the caterpillar, the creamy white gradually darkening into pale yellow which again deepens into a rich orange, so that the whole body is covered by alternate bands of black and orange its These larvae are commonly mot with in the warmest summer months, and feed upon the leaves of the a vine very abundant in the low rich brush lands Like the preceding species they join together dead leaves, A'itis heterophylla, IVagments of wood, and eartliy particles for their trans- formation The Chrysalis (fig the A Casuarince, and The female is 1) is reddish broivn, truncated at the posterior extremity, nearly inch in length perfect insect in expansion of wings measures about inches '^hc A)iteimcB, in general formation resembles that of (fig 2) the male J inch smaller gradually thickening towards are simple, slightly ciliated beneath, ; the tips, when tliey attenuate and terminate in an elongated hook The Lahial jjalpi, and curving upwards and projecting above the eyes in front of the head, are covered with hairs, with the exception of the terminal joint which is ahuost naked, slender, and equal in length to the basal the middle joint twice as long as either and more robust (fig 1) ; •nxti Legs, femora and tibitu densely pilose, tarsi nearly naked: 2nd pairs with with longisli spurs on Wings deflexed when The ground colour of at rest, 'l apical, and posterior (fig 5) tibia; and the insect diurnal the upper surface of the female of a deep velvety black, strikingly relieved is by a broad band of delicate straw colour, passing across the thorax mng Beyond this and extending along under the costa to about a third of the length of each upper are two transverse irregular rows of Indian yellow patches, and near to the outer margin two macular bands of light blue, the exterior one miited to the lower angle of the straw coloured patch before described by a delicate ilexuous line, leaving three spots of light blue along the inner margin several faint costal marks of blue are also visible The under ^vings possess a distinct band of pale blue, running transversely through the disc; while nearer to the outer : margin a broad bar of deep carmine red commences at the anal angle and terminates at about half the wing The marginal border of the upper wing is white at the tip and hinder angles, but that of the under wing ^vlioUy a\ hite The extremity of the abdomen orange yellow and slightly tufted The under band side bears a general resemblance to the upper, but so conspicuous above The above description The densely is is much and destitute of the straw coloured brighter, pilose portions of the legs are briglit saturnine red also applicable to the male, with the ditference however that the basal straw coloured band is reduced to a narrow bar across the shoulders and to a larger one placed at the lower portions of the thorax and wings, above which are a few flexuous indistinct lines of blue This description of the perfect insect of the A Agricola possession, as flo^yer we find that the various is given as a marldngs change somewhat in Views of the upper sm-face of the iemale, the underneath and fruit, are exhibited in the present plate size mean taken from the nuiuerous specimens in our and brightness of colouring in of the male, and of the ¥ larva, on different individuals tlie Vitis heterophylla in : AUSTRALIAN LEPIDOPTERA VSY GillDM The great which tlic divisional character wliicli form the in wholly consist to appears Psychiflm parts' into two the family of the state apterous an in remain or wings of possessed hecome they wliether females assume at their final development This simple arrangement, so ably illustrated without our Australian examples of difficulty, by Mr Walker the -Toemina together but 12 species) mentioned in the Catalogu.! to create the following new : ; in the Catalogue of the British Museum, enables us to compare, alata," with the only three genera of ^vinged females and to point out more clearly and easily why we have deemed (contammg it advisable genera pectinated antenna;, while have Pcrophora, and Typhonia the viz., described, genera The males of two out of the throe Psychoides, are the genus, remaining the species of only the antenna; of the those of our insects are ciliated, and although Keeping in in portable eases dwell consideration under while those habitation fixed sub-ciliated, stUl its larva occupies a with and Catalogue the in described those from insects our separating in view these essential distinctions, wo feel justified that remark further may description generic each introduced in respect to themselves reasons for their division will be under our notice, the passed have which examples many from the judging and, country, the PsychidM are numerous in this males of the the of antonn:e the that and wingless that of the number to in class containing the winged females is fully equal case in all the genera the be appears to instances in both reverse the while ciliated, be to former are found as yet invariably ; We ; hitherto described gratification in being enabled by the our express permitted to may bo we In naturalists, viz., esteemed and scientific following honour of the in them name species, to production of the ensuing throe now papers Dr George Praucnfeld, entomological numerous valuable of author A^inoent's, St Guilding, of Landsdown the late llov this country during his tour in acquired friendship we whoso Vienna, Museum at Imperial the the present learned Curator of concluding those preliminary observations, ; Eelder, of Vienna, one of the authors of the meritorious C and Dr ; Expedition Austrian Imperial the Naturalist to as publication " Lepido])terologischo Eragmento" and other works insect in Plate 9, the (Ecinea Sootti, The fourth MacLeay, Esq., to whom we arc also indebted for was named many after ourselves, other acts of kindness CON (E C A Fcem alata J/o,s- in Abdomen robustum, rotundatnm ; 2''" ; hasalis subijequales, et ; fwm ; sericeum, eortiee comminuto very oblique, and hinder angles aeiuninated at the apex ; ; artieulus Pedes parvi ; et apud apiccm acuminatum Antenna; longic ; mas articulis terminalis minutus, acumiuatus, postici longiusculi antiei broviusculi, Larva intermedia; ealcaribus duohus, posterioros quatuor sat longis Involuerum plus muiusve coniformc, erectum cornois ; ferii gcstum, vol graneis arenosis dense conspersum Wings Females winged attcnuatum Caput minimum Palpi minimi fililbrmes tibia; carnosa, segmentis abdominis nudis, thoracis crassa, pilis longiusculis terminali longiores, vix pilosi squamis piliformibus sparsim induti tibia; ct tarsi alas anticas superans, in mariljus segmento ultimo subtus formatis, subserratis, fasciculis eiUatis subnudus Ala; elongatse, angustic, lanceolata;, apud apiccm vix rotundatLO, margine exteriore perobli- cifwiii, quo, angulo posterioro niulto rotundato iffiminis by the eminent entomologist William Sliarpe in both sexes elongate, narrow, lanceolate, very slightly rounded at their tips, exterior borders much rounded in the female robust Abdomen extending beyond the hind wings ; in the male attenuated and and rounded, with longish hairs on the ultimate segment Head very small AntennsE rather long; «K(/e~-articulations produced beneath, somewhat resembling serrations, each being furnished with a /c»ia/e— filiform Palpi very small, terminal joint minute and pohited, nearly naked 2nd and basal joints ciliated tuft ; : nearly equal, both being longer than the terminal and slightly pilose largest Larva ; tibia; and thick, fleshy tarsi sparingly clothed ; with hair-like scales ; abdominal portions naked, thoracic corneous open at both ends, composed of silk thickly Legs small, graduating in size, 2nd pair with and posterior with Case more or less the posterior being the longish spurs on tibioe cone-shaped, carried principally upright, covered with fine particles of bark or grains of sand AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS SPECIES 1.— CONCEOA GUILDINGI.— (Plate This species abundant during the is and ni many other localities spring- and summer montlis, in the Kunzea the larva feeding on ; corifolia, 27 9.) upon Ash ncigliboiirliood of Sydney, Leptospermum lanigorum, Juncus Island, and a effusus variety of other plants In form it is somewhat thick (flg 1, ?), the body attenuating towards the extremity, the head and thoracic portion corneous, of a dark cream colour spotted with brown, remaining segments dull black to sex The colour, case ; in length from IJ inch in length, cone-shaped, thickly encrusted over with triturated portions is and carried when the caterpillar is in The Chrysalis ?) measures (fig._ 2, i motion in an upright inch ; wing i to f inch, according of bark of a pale brown position, almost at right angles to the plane of the body cases reddish brown, abdomen yellowish brown ; that of the (? similar, but mucli smaller and thinner 'the Aiiteimce, of the male ciliated tufts The Labial palpi, — (cJ (fig 3) above sqviamose, below joints produced resembling serrations, each bearing of the female, filiform : divested of hair, fig 5; ? length, terminal minute, pointed The Legs, rather weak, graduating in at apex of size, posterior pairs tibia, fig t) very small, projecting; 2nd and basal joints nearly of equal the whole thinly clothed with hair : posterior pairs being the largest: (fig 7, with (?) •! 2nd pairs (fig 6, ? ) with spurs longish spurs: tibiae and tarsi thinly clothed with hair-like scales The wings dellexed in repose The superior wings, head and thorax, of the female, are cinereous minutely barred wings and abdomen, brownish gray the whole sparingly covered with scales transversely M'ith black ; the under : The male resembles the female ground colour of the supm-ior Avings and thorax in all the markings, but the is of a in the hoary white The male and female and the conical habitation of the larva in flight, on Juncus effusus, presented are illustration (E Ate ife;H alata segmento idtimo pilis anticas sat trigona;, longiusculis porrecti, caput vix superantes ; C BIA apice vix rotundato, costii arcuata A1)domen oviductum exsertum partim celantibus, fimbriate alas posticas Antennas longa;, 2'i"»- articulus basalis et terminalis ajqualcs, terminalis gracilis acuminatus, Pedes robusti, postici multo longiorcs ; tibia! multo superans; filiformes robustior et longior intermedia) calcaribus duobus, posteriorcs quatuor sat longis carnosa, segmenta abdominis nuda, thoracis cornea Palpi Larva crassa, luvolucrum cylindricum, pendens, sericeum, ramusculis longitudinaliter et dense compactis obtectum Fore wings somewhat trigonate, with their Female, winged tips slightly rounded and costas arched Abdomen extending considerably beyond the hind wings, the ultimate segment fringed with longish hairs which partially conceal the exserted ovipositor Antonme Palpi porrected, and reaching a long, filiform little beyond the front of tliehead; basal and terminal joints equal in length, the latter slender and acuminated, middle joint more robust and longer tlian either stout, the posterior pairs thick, fleshy ; much the largest ; 2nd pairs with two, and posterior pairs with four longish spm's on abdominal portions naked, thoracic corneous Case cylindrical, pendent, composed of silk tibiaj Legs Larva covered closely and evenly with small twigs placed longitudinally The CEcobia more powerful legs, differs from the preceding genus, the Conocoa, by the trigonate wings, the much larger and by the pendent and differently formed case labial palpi, the AUSTRALIAN LEPIDOI'TEllA 28 SPECIES 1.— CECOBIA FEAUESFELDI Tlic habitation of and apterous genera, otlicr genus tliis is we tliat (Plati; many so similar in construction to tliose of '.),) species of Eumeta, Tliyridopteryx, Metura, have supposed that the female perfect insect would also prove to he sliould naturally wingless, hut such not being the case a separation, according to the system we follow, becomes inevitable, and this genus in tlie first division of the Psyeliidoe must he included The female caterpillar 1) (fig drawn in the plate (the only sex in our possession) we found in November, existing on a which grows abundantly on the North Shore of Port Jackson In length it measures under inch, the head and thorax corneous, of a dull cream colour with black longitudinal bands and minute spots the abdomen dull l)rownspecies of Eucalyptus ii ; black, paling underneath The habitation, considerably larger than the larva, and evenly placed side The Chrysalis by silk, covered longitudinally with slender tA\ igs closely some instances projecting a little beyond the end chestnut brown, abdomen robust, and measures ,\ inch side of each other, in 2) is (fig In expanse of wings the imago attains to nearly inch li long and filiform The AnteuHce, The Labial palpi, (fig 3) large, distinct, porrccted pointed The Logx, composed of is much stout, tlie posterior pairs Tibia: and tarsi the latter thin and the whole covered rather thickly with hair ; liair-like scales, (anterior pair, fig pur])lish black, latter sparingly clothed, Icngtli, the largest; 2nd with two, and posterior witli four longish spurs on covered with The wings deflexed in repose The head, thorax, and superior wings deep wings and abdomen black, the basal and terminal joints e([ual in intermediate one longer and more robust ; tibite ; with many I> posterior, ; fig 5.) bands of white sliort transverse the under : extending considcraljly Ijcyond the wings and possessing an exsertcd ovipositor partially concealed by a fringe of hair Tlic perfect insect, the larva and on case, tlie one of the numerous species of Eucalyptus, are the present depictions leaf of CE C I NEA Oicmat, M;iclcay, M.SS FuDii, marihus plus minusve alata gracile, terminali acuminatum, pilis longiiisculis Jlas alas postcriorcs : mas graoiles, acuminati longi, validi, coxis et quatuor longis non superans : sat trigonal, apice vix rotundato, ; ; articulus f(£iit 2J'«- Caput parvum snbfusiforma3, squamosa longior ; crassa, sat nuQto supcrans longic ; fcem artieuli subsequalcs, basalis subglobosus ; tibia; ; in segmento mas artioulis subtiis Palpi minimi, antrorsum porrecti, fcmoril)us longis robustis, aliis postcriores longiores Larva Antennte Abdomen costa arcuata in foeminis robustum, alas posteriorcs fimbriato, ovidueto longo, cxscrto formatis subserratis, faciis quatuor cUiatis culis also antica3 et fu;iu pLlis Pedes — longius- aliis antici intermedia; calcaribus duobus, posteriorcs earuosa, versicolor, segmentis abdominis mollil)us, thoracis corneis Involucrum saeculiformc, rhomboidale, pendens, particulis oorticalibus lignosis vel arenosis cxtus obteotum et intus serico dense assutum Eemale with wings fully or partially developed In both sexes fore wings somewhat trigonate, -with their tips slightly rounded, and costte arched Abdomen, «K(?e—thin, pointed, extending as far as the hind wings /emo^e— robust, lengthened : considerably beyond Head small hind wings, and with the terminal articulation fringed with longish hairs, ovipositor long, exsertcd Antenna; moderately long male articulations produced beneath somewhat like serrations, each articulation tlie bearing four brushes composed of long clothed with longish hairs being somewhat globular coxa; and femora thick, fleshy, — : : ; male cilia; : /t'i/io/e— somewhat fusiform, scaly —slender, acuminated, Legs, in with the middle joint longest and /eraafe—joints nearly equal, tlic basal some the anterior pairs large and powerful, owing to the length and robustness of the in others, posterior pairs largest, the former with two abdominal portions Palpi, very small, porrected forwards soft, varying in colour ; and thoracic corneous ; latter Avith four long spurs on tibia; Larva Case, a lozenge-shaped pendulous bag, open at both ends, covered with minute particles of hark, wood, or sand, and thicklv lined with silk A u str^J an i L c p ul opte rial* !5i ii^ / Conwi^t ## O^cobiit Guildii,g'i Fj-aueliffiidi f ^ ^> / \ .1 I i « CE ci-tiea_ rxom "Natwrt\yy anfl IT eld uJi ffi ou Stone Hari-ioX Scott -UU.!! J^WiiVley IViuIpts Sydu c iL e S < o t'fi AND From the Conceca this genus ones of the females TIIEIE TRANSFORMATIONS in the trigonatc wings diffei-s by the pendulous case 29 the deeply ciliated antennae of the males, and the fusiform ; and by the metallic lustre of the imago From (Ecohia, by the fusiform antcnnm of the females by the very small palpi ; ; bearing twigs ; and by the metallic lustre of the perfect little insects wo collected in September and October,