WORK ON YOUR PHRASAL VERBS 21 ~ SPORTS AND FITNESS catch up If you catch up or catch someone up, you reach someone who is in front of you by walking faster - Simon tried to catch up with the others cut down If you cut something down or cut down, you reduce the amount of something you use or eat, or something less often - We need to cut down the amount of fat in our diets - You can cut the calories down a bit by adding less sugar fall behind If you fall behind or fall behind someone when moving with a group of people, you move more slowly than them, so they get ahead of you - Schumacher was strong throughout the race, but fell behind ten laps from the end NOTE You can also use lag behind get into [a] If you get into a particular habit or way of behaving, you start to have that habit or behave in that way - I really need to get into a fitness routine [b] If you get into a subject, you start being interested in it [INFORMAL] - She got into healthy eating and doing exercise go through [a] If someone goes through a series of actions or movements, they perform it - The music started and we went through a series of warm-up exercises [b] In sport, if a person or team goes through, they win one stage of a competition and go on to the next stage - Serbia beat Russia 3- 7and look set to go through to round two go up [a] When someone or something goes up or goes up something, they move from a lower position to a higher one - We saw a party of mountaineers going up the mountain NOTE The opposite of go up is go down [b] If a cheer, shout, or other noise goes up, a lot of people cheer, shout, or make that sound at the same time - A huge cheer went up as the players walked out onto the court join in If you join in or join in an activity, you start to something with other people who are already doing it - We joined in with the celebrations keep up [a] If you keep up an activity, you continue to it and not let it stop or end - I can run fast over a short distance but I can't keep it up [b] If you keep up, you move at the same speed as someone else - Howard had to hurry to keep up with us slow down [a] If something or someone slows down, or if something or someone slows them down, they start to move or happen more slowly - The driver slowed down and then stopped NOTE.The opposite of slow down is speed up [b] If someone slows down, or if something slows them down, they become less active or energetic - You're working too hard You need to slow down Thẩm Tâm Vy, October 16th, 2018 WORK ON YOUR PHRASAL VERSB 21 - He had an injured leg, which was slowing him down a little 10 speed up If something speeds up or if you speed it up, it moves or travels faster - The driver sped up as he approached the lights 11 wake up When you wake up, or when someone or something wakes you up, you become conscious again after being asleep - In the morning I wake up and feel refreshed 12 wear out If something wears you out, it makes you become so tired that you cannot continue what you were doing - There is no point in wearing yourself out 13 work on If you work on something, you spend time and effort trying to improve it - He has been working on his game all season NOTE You can also use work at 14 work out If you work out, you physical exercises in order to make your body healthy and strong - She worked out in a gym class three hours a week 15 work up [a] If someone works up a feeling, the energy to something, or an appetite, they gradually develop it and increase it until they have what they need - She went for a run to work up an appetite [b] When you are doing something regularly, if you work up to a particular amount or level, you gradually increase or improve what you are doing until you reach that amount or level - Repeat movements 1,2 and four times at first and gradually work up to about six repetitions NOTE.You can also use build up PRACTICE I Match the verbs with the particles to make phrasal verbs from this unit in | out | down | up catch / keep / go / speed / wake / work / build cut/go /slow work/wear join II Match phrasal verbs 1-8 with the definitions A-H Tony's doctor told him to cut down his salt intake A long walk can help to work up a healthy appetite Cameroon and Egypt kick off the tournament this He fell so far behind that it was impossible to win the race The horse was tired and started to slow down He works out at the gym three times a week I got into yoga a few years ago Boxing has taught me that if you want something you've got to work hard at it A start being interested in something B physical exercises C spend time and effort trying to improve something Saturday D reduce something E move more slowly so that other people get ahead of you F start something G gradually develop something H start to move more slowly SPORTS AND FITNESS III Complete the sentences Choose the correct particles I'm putting on weight I need to cut up / down / out on sugar and fats Our team has done really well - we've gone up / in / through to the finals I tried to get into / up / on yoga, but I found it boring If you aren't fit enough, you won't be able to keep out / up / through with the rest of the team He was coming last in the race, but he suddenly caught down / out / up and won! My running shoes have worn up / in / out completely I need some new ones IV Complete the sentences with the words in the box keep - behind - went - up - into - go The Spanish team now look certain to through to the finals Your breathing will speed after these exercises She'll need to run faster to up with the other girls He was usually a fast runner, but he was starting to lag He down the slope too quickly and fell over I got the habit of drinking green tea every morning V Complete the newspaper headlines with the particles in the box DOWN | BEHIND | OFF | IN | THROUGH | UP CROATIA GOES TO THE FINALS! FUEL PRICES GO .TO A RECORD HIGH THIS MONTH HEALTH EXPERTS URGE PUBLIC TO CUT THE AMOUNT OF SALT IN THEIR DIET RECESSION CAUSES MORE AND MORE HOME OWNERS TO FALL .WITH MORTGAGE REPAYMENTS MORE WORLD LEADERS JOIN DEBATE ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE QUEEN'S BIRTHDAY CELEBRATIONS TO KICK .WITH GLOBAL POP CONCERT VI Make these sentences sound less formal Replace the underlined verbs with the phrasal verbs in the list below joining in - sped up - slowed down - cut down - keep up - wear him out Daniel is trying to reduce his calorie intake The motorcycle accelerated shortly before it skidded off the track Running five times a week was starting to exhaust him I started cheering and soon everyone was participating It's important to maintain a balanced diet The car decelerated before coming to a stop VII Read the extract from Bernard's fitness blog Underline all the phrasal verbs, then in your own words, explain what each one means I started getting into athletics when I was at school As a professional athlete, my fitness level is something I have to work on all the time In a typical training session I'll work up gradually so I don't wear myself out too quickly When I wake up in the morning I like to some yoga Then I might work out at the gym for a couple of hours VIII Correct the phrasal verbs in these sentences It seemed impossible for him to catch in with the rest of the team Clark is confident the team can go off to the first division this year Michael scored just four minutes after they had kicked up She held the lead early in the race but now she's falling on You need to work over keeping fit Start slowly and build down to longer training sessions Thẩm Tâm Vy, October 16th, 2018 WORK ON YOUR PHRASAL VERSB 21 Unfortunately the team went over four goals to one Start getting onto the habit of walking to work ANSWER KEY I up out down in II D E G H F B A C III down into through up up out IV go keep up behind went into V THROUGH BEHIND UP IN DOWN OFF VI cut down joining in sped up keep up wear him out slowed down VII getting into = becoming interested in work on = make an effort to improve work up = increase something gradually wear mvself out = become too tired wake up = become conscious after sleeping work out = physical exercises VIII It seemed impossible for him to catch up with the rest of the team Clark is confident the team can go through to the first division this year Michael scored just four minutes after they had kicked off She held the lead early in the race but now she's falling behind You need to work on/at keeping fit Start slowly and build up to longer training sessions Unfortunately the team went down four goals to one Start getting into the habit of walking to work SPORTS AND FITNESS ... GLOBAL POP CONCERT VI Make these sentences sound less formal Replace the underlined verbs with the phrasal verbs in the list below joining in - sped up - slowed down - cut down - keep up - wear... coming to a stop VII Read the extract from Bernard's fitness blog Underline all the phrasal verbs, then in your own words, explain what each one means I started getting into athletics when I... slowly and build down to longer training sessions Thẩm Tâm Vy, October 16th, 2018 WORK ON YOUR PHRASAL VERSB 21 Unfortunately the team went over four goals to one Start getting onto the habit of