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Autodesk InfraWorks Training Guide ® Finding and Importing Data for Your Model ©2012 Autodesk, Inc All Rights Reserved Except as otherwise permitted by Autodesk, Inc., this publication, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form, by any method, for any purpose Certain materials included in this publication are reprinted with the permission of the copyright holder Trademarks The following are registered trademarks or trademarks of Autodesk, Inc., and/or its subsidiaries and/or affiliates in the USA and other countries: 123D, 3ds Max, Algor, Alias, AliasStudio, ATC, AUGI, AutoCAD, AutoCAD Learning Assistance, AutoCAD LT, AutoCAD Simulator, AutoCAD SQL Extension, AutoCAD SQL Interface, Autodesk, Autodesk Homestyler, Autodesk Intent, Autodesk Inventor, Autodesk MapGuide, Autodesk Streamline, AutoLISP, AutoSketch, AutoSnap, AutoTrack, Backburner, Backdraft, Beast, Beast (design/logo) Built with ObjectARX (design/logo), Burn, Buzzsaw, CAiCE, CFdesign, Civil 3D, Cleaner, Cleaner Central, ClearScale, Colour Warper, Combustion, Communication Specification, Constructware, Content Explorer, Creative Bridge, Dancing Baby (image), DesignCenter, Design Doctor, Designer’s Toolkit, DesignKids, DesignProf, DesignServer, DesignStudio, Design Web Format, Discreet, DWF, DWG, DWG (design/logo), DWG Extreme, DWG TrueConvert, DWG TrueView, DWFX, DXF, Ecotect, Evolver, Exposure, Extending the Design Team, Face Robot, FBX, Fempro, Fire, Flame, Flare, Flint, FMDesktop, Freewheel, GDX Driver, Green Building Studio, Heads-up Design, Heidi, Homestyler, HumanIK, i-drop, ImageModeler, iMOUT, Incinerator, Inferno, Instructables, Instructables (stylized robot design/logo),Inventor, Inventor LT, Kynapse, Kynogon, LandXplorer, Lustre, MatchMover, Maya, Mechanical Desktop, MIMI, Moldflow, Moldflow Plastics Advisers, Moldflow Plastics Insight, Moondust, MotionBuilder, Movimento, MPA, MPA (design/logo), MPI (design/logo), MPX, MPX (design/logo), Mudbox, Multi-Master Editing, Navisworks, ObjectARX, ObjectDBX, Opticore, Pipeplus, Pixlr, Pixlr-o-matic, PolarSnap, Powered with Autodesk Technology, Productstream, ProMaterials, RasterDWG, RealDWG, Real-time Roto, Recognize, Render Queue, Retimer, Reveal, Revit, RiverCAD, Robot, Scaleform, Scaleform GFx, Showcase, Show Me, ShowMotion, SketchBook, Smoke, Softimage, Sparks, SteeringWheels, Stitcher, Stone, StormNET, Tinkerbox, ToolClip, Topobase, Toxik, TrustedDWG, T-Splines, U-Vis, ViewCube, Visual, Visual LISP, Vtour, WaterNetworks, Wire, Wiretap, WiretapCentral, XSI All other brand names, product names or trademarks belong to their respective holders Disclaimer THIS PUBLICATION AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS MADE AVAILABLE BY AUTODESK, INC “AS IS.” AUTODESK, INC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE REGARDING THESE MATERIALS CONTENTS Chapter Autodesk® InfraWorks: Finding and Importing Data for Your Model Chapter About Terrain, Ground Imagery, and Roads How I retrieve terrain, ground imagery, and road data? How I get terrain data into Autodesk® InfraWorks? How I create a model? 12 Extra Credit: How I retrieve terrain data from a local site? 13 Chapter About Ground Imagery 16 How I retrieve ground imagery? 17 How I get ground imagery into Autodesk® InfraWorks? 21 Extra Credit: How I retrieve color imagery? 24 How I add multiple imagery files to Autodesk® InfraWorks? 28 Chapter About Transportation Data 30 How I retrieve road data? 31 How I get road data into Autodesk® InfraWorks? 32 Extra Credit: How I retrieve railway data? 36 Extra Credit: How I retrieve bike path data? 38 Chapter About Water Data 40 How I retrieve water data? 41 How I get water data into Autodesk® InfraWorks? 42 Extra Credit: How I use the WeoGeo service to retrieve water data? 45 Chapter About Building Data 51 How I retrieve building data? 52 How I get building data into Autodesk® InfraWorks? 53 Chapter About 3D Models 57 How I retrieve 3D models? 58 How I get a 3D model into Autodesk® InfraWorks? 60 How I use a 3D model to replace the building it represents? 63 Index 68 Autodesk® InfraWorks: Finding and Importing Data for Your Model INTRODUCTION With Autodesk® InfraWorks, you can create compelling 3D models of real places, and then sketch proposed improvements that are realistic and interactive This training module helps you search for, import, and configure data to build a model of your area in Autodesk® InfraWorks Each lesson covers a specific type of data, going in the recommended order from terrain to 3D models All the examples use the city of San Francisco, California WHAT NEW CONCEPTS DO I NEED TO UNDERSTAND? GIS DATA GIS data is intelligent data: it has a representational aspect (geometry or an image) as well as information You import GIS data into Autodesk InfraWorks to create your base model contain line geometry to represent the streets, but it would also contain attributes, such as the name of each road, when it was last maintained, the number of lanes in each direction, and so on ‣ ‣ Other ground data (parks, zoning, parcels) Raster data is images, such as photographs It does not contain attributes, but the pixels in the image are “georeferenced,” so they know where they are in the real world When you create your base model, start with the following: ‣ Terrain The terrain establishes the elevation of the model All other data is draped on top of it ‣ Ground imagery Ground imagery is usually an aerial photograph of the model area It makes the model look realistic ‣ There are two basic types of GIS data: Transportation Roads, railways, bike paths, and such help you locate other features Vector data is geometry that represents real-world objects and their metadata For example, a GIS data file for city streets would We recommend that you always include those three types of data After that, you can add the following: Chapter Autodesk® InfraWorks: Finding and Importing Data for Your Model Water (recommended for realism) ‣ Buildings (or building footprints) ‣ ‣ City furniture (hydrants, bus shelters, and so on) ‣ Utility data (streetlights, sewer lines, storm-water lines) ‣ 3D models representing real-world items (individual buildings, monuments, bridges) COORDINATE SYSTEMS (SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEMS) A coordinate system specifies how the geography was projected (from a global reality onto a flat surface) and it specifies where exactly it is located in the real world You don’t need to know very much about coordinate systems to use Autodesk InfraWorks Here are a few pointers: ‣ Do not specify a coordinate system for your model—Autodesk InfraWorks works best using its Autodesk® InfraWorks Training Guide: Finding and Importing Data for your Model native coordinate system, and will transform data into that system ‣ Autodesk InfraWorks can often find the coordinate system information it needs within the data source files themselves However, if the Geolocation tab displays a yellow warning icon when you import the data, you will need to find out the coordinate system for the data and specify it ‣ If you need to find out the coordinate system for a data source, you can check its metadata These training exercises cover that METADATA Metadata is data about data It varies from data source to data source, but can include things like: ‣ ‣ ‣ ‣ ‣ What the features represent How they were captured The time period represented The coordinate system used Attributes (road names, number of lanes, who maintains them, speed limit, surface material) Metadata is stored in XML or HTML format, so you can open it using a text editor or browser Generally, metadata uses standards established by the Federal Geographic Data Commission or ISO as draping the data on the terrain or creating tooltips Most of the configuration options are covered in these training lessons SCALE OF DATA For some data, particularly ground imagery, you may have to choose between data sets that were captured at different scales Large scale data generally covers a smaller area, but with greater detail (like a close-up) Small scale data covers a larger area with less detail (like zooming out) DATA MAPPING When you bring data into Autodesk InfraWorks, you map the attributes of the original data to the attributes of the Autodesk InfraWorks model For example, when you import roads, you find the attribute that specifies the road name and map that to the Name attribute There is rarely a one-to-one mapping Usually, the original data has more attributes than Autodesk InfraWorks supports, but it may not have the same attributes that Autodesk InfraWorks does Once you map the attributes and import the data, you can see only the Autodesk InfraWorks attributes—you not have access to the original data attributes any more There are other things you can when you import data, such Chapter Autodesk® InfraWorks: Finding and Importing Data for Your Model 2 About Terrain, Ground Imagery, and Roads TERRAIN, GROUND IMAGERY, AND ROADS The bare essentials for a model are terrain, ground imagery, and roads Terrain establishes the underlying surface on which other data is draped Ground imagery provides a realistic background for your model Roads provide an easy reference point for location WHAT IS TERRAIN DATA? Terrain is often called elevation or topographic data It is usually in raster format, and includes both a picture file (such as aerial photography) and a world file (locating the picture in the real world, or georeferencing it) NOTE: You can also retrieve terrain data in a vector format Such data represents the contour lines of the terrain Autodesk® InfraWorks can create a terrain from contour lines, but you will get better results from raster data Be sure that you download both the image and the corresponding world file, if required The following table shows which formats require such files File Format Picture File Extension ArcInfo ASCII *.asc World File Extension Digital Elevation *.dem Model Erdas Image *.img *.igw jpeg *.jpg/*.jpeg *.jgw MrSID *.sid *.sdw TIFF *.tif/*.tiff *.tfw WHAT IS GROUND IMAGERY? Ground imagery is often called orthophotography or aerial photography It can include an actual photograph or a scanned topographical map or site plan It is always in raster format, and includes both a picture file (such as aerial photography) and a world file (locating the picture in the real world, or georeferencing Make sure that you download both the image and the corresponding world file, if required This table shows which formats require such files: File Format Picture File Extension World File Extension Erdas Image *.img *.igw jpeg *.jpg/*.jpeg *.jgw MrSID *.sid *.sdw TIFF *.tif/*.tiff *.tfw NOTE: Aerial photography can be stored in very large files, so they may take a long time to download Older images may be free, but very recent ones will probably cost money to download Often a picture from a few years ago is sufficient for modeling purposes Also, color imagery may be harder to find than grayscale images WHAT IS ROAD DATA? Road data is always in vector format, and is often stored in ESRI Shape files If possible, download road data in SHP format, but DXF is also supported Shape files come in sets, and you must have these three: File Extension Purpose SHP Geometry For roads and railways, this is linear geometry, and usually represents the center lines of the roads DBF Attribute information SHX Links together and indexes the other two files Downloads may also include a PRJ file, which contains projection and coordinate system information Autodesk® InfraWorks Training Guide: Finding and Importing Data for your Model HOW SHOULD I STORE MY DATA? Use these guidelines when storing terrain data: Create a Project folder to organize all your data Under the project folder, create a folder for each data type (Terrain, Ground Imagery, and Roads) When you extract the downloaded zip file, create a target folder for it under the data type folder Name the target folder something recognizable, and include the source of the data—for example: USGS SF DEMs HOW DO I FIND DATA? This lesson will use the USGS website, which is an excellent source of free data IMPORTANT NOTE: Websites change frequently Instructions here were accurate at the time of writing, but we cannot guarantee that they will remain so Some sites tile the data, to make each download a more manageable size—for example, a city may be divided into multiple tiles Some local sites link to USGS data, but have their own method for finding, selecting, downloading, and viewing the data You can also download data directly from the USGS National Map Viewer How I retrieve terrain, ground imagery, and road data? The USGS website has terrain, ground imagery, and transportation data for most of the United States For other areas, you might try www.fao.org/geonetwork or www.gadm.org NOTE: Websites change frequently Instructions here were accurate at the time of writing, but we cannot guarantee that they will remain so Go to http://viewer nationalmap.gov/viewer/ Click Download Data at the top of the window Chapter About Terrain, Ground Imagery, and Roads Autodesk® InfraWorks Training Guide: Finding and Importing Data for your Model Under Download Options, set the reference area to Counties Since the city and county of San Francisco are the same geographically, we can select the entire area we want by county Zoom in to the target area by double-clicking it repeatedly, until the county outlines appear Select the target county Click th selected county to see your options Chapter About Terrain, Ground Imagery, and Roads Autodesk® InfraWorks Training Guide: Finding and Importing Data for your Model Click the Download link and select the themes and formats you need Theme Format Transportation Shapefile Elevation ArcGrid Orthoimagery JPG Click Next to select data For Orthoimagery, select the color images for San Francisco Then click the Elevation header (at the bottom) For Elevation, select the ArcGrid option at arc per second NOTE: Generally, one arc per second is sufficiently precise Data captured at 1/3 arc per second will be larger and will not give you much better results The Transportation results are not listed because there is only one option, so there are no choices to make Chapter About Terrain, Ground Imagery, and Roads Autodesk® InfraWorks Training Guide: Finding and Importing Data for your Model Click Next until the selected items are added to your cart Check over the contents of your cart, and then click Checkout Provide your contact information and click Place Order Chapter About Terrain, Ground Imagery, and Roads

Ngày đăng: 08/10/2018, 07:36