334 linux system administration

Linux System Administration

Table of Contents
Preface
- How This Book Is Organized
- Conventions Used in This Book
- Using Code Examples
- Safari® Enabled
- How to Contact Us
- Acknowledgments
Requirements for a Linux System Administrator
- About This Book
- How Can We Help?
- Where Do You Start?
- Do You Need a Book?
- Who Needs You?
  - Help Wanted
  - Analyzing Skill Sets
- What System Managers Should Know About Linux
- What’s Next
Setting Up a Linux Multifunction Server
- Server Requirements
- Installing Debian
- Logging in Remotely
- Configuring the Network
- Changing the Default Debian Packages
- Setting Up Quotas
- Providing Domain Name Services
- Adding a Relational Database: MySQL
- Configuring Mail Securely with Postfix, POP3, and IMAP
- Putting Apache to Work
- Adding FTP Services with ProFTPD
- Summarizing Your Web Statistics with Webalizer
- Synchronizing the System Clock
- Installing Perl Modules Needed by SpamAssassin
- What’s Next
The Domain Name System
- DNS Basics
  - Advantages of Localized DNS Administration
- Getting into the BIND
  - Components of BIND
- Setting Up a DNS Server
  - Using a chroot Environment for Security
- Configuring an Authoritative DNS Server
  - Your Responsibility in DNS
  - The Distributed Method of Resolving Domain Names
  - Finding a Domain
  - Answering Queries
  - Primary and Secondary DNS Servers
  - Caching-Only Servers
- Editing the Configuration Files
  - named.conf
  - The Primary Zone File
    - Enhancements and advanced features
    - Putting it all together
  - The Reverse Zone File
    - PTR records
  - Testing Lookups
  - Configuring the Secondary Nameserver
- BIND Tools
  - nslookup
  - rndc
- Troubleshooting BIND
  - Cannot Connect Using rndc
  - named Starts but Does Not Resolve Names
  - Hosts Aren’t Recognized
- What’s Next
An Initial Internet-Ready Environment
- Installing ISPConfig
  - Requirements
  - Getting Started
  - ISPConfig Directory Structure
- Setting Up a Server and Users with ISPConfig
  - Adding Clients and Web Sites
  - Managing Users and Email
    - User, email, home, and public web directories
  - Email Client Configuration
- Safeguarding a Linux Web Server
  - The Role of a Daemon-Monitoring Daemon
  - Installing and Configuring monit
- What’s Next
Mail
- Key Mail Service Terms
- Postfix, Sendmail, and Other MTAs
- The Postfix SMTP Mail Server on Debian
  - Debian Postfix-Related Packages
  - Installing Postfix on Debian
  - Basic Postfix Configuration
  - Testing Mail
- Adding Authentication and Encryption
  - SASL Authentication
    - Configuring Postfix with SASL to authenticate users with accounts
    - The saslauthd daemon
    - Configuring Postfix with SASL to authenticate users without accounts
  - TLS Encryption
- Configuring POP3 and IMAP Mail Delivery Agents
- Email Client Configuration
- What’s Next
Administering Apache
- Static and Dynamic Files
- A Simple LAMP Setup
- Installation
  - Apache
  - PHP
  - MySQL
- Apache Configuration Files
  - Configuration File Directives
    - User and Group directives
    - Listen directive
    - DocumentRoot directive
  - Authentication and Authorization
    - User files
    - Group files
  - Containers and Aliases
    - Absolute pathnames: Directory
    - Relative pathnames: Location
    - Pattern matching: Files and FilesMatch
    - Aliases
  - Limits
  - Server-Side Includes
  - CGI
    - Location
    - File suffix
  - PHP Module-Specific Directives
  - Virtual Hosts
    - IP-based virtual hosts
    - Name-based virtual hosts
    - mod_vhost_alias
- Logfiles
  - Log Splitting and Rotation
  - Splitting Logs with vlogger
  - Analyzing Logs with Webalizer
- SSL/TLS Encryption
- suEXEC Support
- Benchmarking
- Installing and Administering Drupal
  - Installing Drupal with apt-get
  - Installing Drupal from Source
  - Configuring Drupal
- Troubleshooting
  - Web Page Doesn’t Appear in Browser
  - Virtual Hosts Don’t Work
  - SSI Doesn’t Work
  - CGI Program Doesn’t Run
  - SSL Doesn’t Work
- Further Reading
Load-Balanced Clusters
- Load Balancing and High Availability
  - Load-Balancing Software
  - IPVS on the Load Balancer
  - ldirectord
  - Configuring the Realservers (Apache Nodes)
  - Configuring the Load Balancer
  - Testing the System
  - Adding HA to LB
  - Adding Other LB Services
- Scaling Without LB and HA
- Further Reading
Local Network Services
- Distributed Filesystems
- Introduction to Samba
- Configuring the Network
- DHCP
  - Installing DHCP
  - Starting Your DHCP Service
  - Providing Static IP Addresses
  - Assigning IPv6 Addresses with radvd
- Gateway Services
  - Another Approach to Gateway Services
- Print Services
  - Printing Software Considerations
  - Cross-Platform Printing
  - Controlling Print Queues from the Command Line
- User Management
  - Removing a User
  - Sealing the Home Directory
  - Graphical User Managers
Virtualization in the Modern Enterprise
- Why Virtualization Is Popular
- High-Performance Computing
  - Business Continuity and Workload Management
  - Rapid Provisioning
  - How Virtualization Helps
- Installing Xen on Fedora 5
  - Installing a Xen Guest OS
    - Fedora Core 5
    - Other guests
- Installing VMware
  - Installing a VMware Guest OS
- Virtualization: A Passing Fad?
Scripting
- bash Beginnings
  - Pathnames and Permissions
  - The Default Path
  - I/O Redirection
  - Variables
- Useful Elements for bash Scripts
  - Expressions
  - Arithmetic
  - If...
  - Troubleshooting a Simple Script
  - Loops
  - cron Jobs
- Scripting Language Shootout
  - Data Format: The /etc/passwd File
  - Script Versions
    - The bash script
    - The Perl script
    - The PHP script
    - The Python script
  - Choosing a Scripting Language
- Further Reading
Backing Up Data
- Backing Up User Data to a Server with rsync
  - rsync Basics
  - Making a User Backup Script
  - Listing Files on the Backup Server
  - Restoring Lost or Damaged Files
  - Automated Backups
- tar Archives
  - Creating a New Archive
  - Extracting from an Archive
  - A Complete Example of Packing and Unpacking with tar
  - Summary
- Saving Files on Optical Media
  - Accessing Your CD-R Drive
  - Setting Defaults
  - Preparing Files to Record on a CD-R
  - Recording the CD-R
  - Verifying the Recording
- Backing Up and Archiving to Tape with Amanda
  - Installing Amanda
  - Configuring Amanda
  - Restoring Files Backed Up by Amanda
- Backing Up MySQL Data
bash Script Samples
- Adding Users
- Random Password Generator
- Authoritative DNS Lookup
  - Sending Files Between Shell Sessions
- Integrating ssh and screen
Index