Contents Title Page Epigraph Author's Note Map Book One Chapter One Chapter Two Chapter Three Chapter Four Chapter Five Chapter Six Chapter Seven Chapter Eight Chapter Nine Chapter Ten Chapter Eleven Chapter Twelve Chapter Thirteen Chapter Fourteen Book Two Chapter Fifteen Chapter Sixteen Chapter Seventeen Chapter Eighteen Chapter Nineteen Chapter Twenty Chapter Twenty-One Chapter Twenty-Two Chapter Twenty-Three Chapter Twenty-Four Chapter Twenty-Five Chapter Twenty-Six Chapter Twenty-Seven Chapter Twenty-Eight Chapter Twenty-Nine Epilogue Notes Bibliography Weights and Measures About the Author Also by Thomas Keneally Copyright Eora people asked the question, Waube-rong orab, Where is a better country? This thief colony might hereafter become a great empire, whose nobles will probably, like the nobles of Rome, boast of their blood The Morning Post, LONDON, NOVEM BER 1786 author’s note I have taken the liberty in quotations from historic sources to standardise spelling, and in cases of misspellings left intact, to avoid the use of the mannerism “[sic].” Any insertions I have made for the sake of clarifying the intentions of the original writers are signalled by square brackets All Aboriginal personal and place-names have variations with which generally I have avoided burdening the text, though some of the variant spellings can be found in the notes As the text makes frequent use of imperial measurement, a conversion table to metric has been provided at the end of the book T.K Edwards charters ships for Cape: Memorandums, Currey, p 34; Mackaness, Bligh, p 208 Chapter Twenty-seven Hatchet men (Mogogal): See Tench, Phillip, and Collins for recurrent requests for hatchets (for example, Tench, pp 176, 177, 188); Collins, vol I, p 510 Barangaroo: Collins, vol I, p 464; Phillip in Hunter, p 360 Yuringa: Collins, vol I, p 464 Barangaroo gives birth: Collins, vol I, pp 465, 466 Death of Barangaroo: Collins, vol I, pp 490, 499, 500 Bennelong summons Willemering: Collins, vol I, p 490 Barangaroo's cremation: Collins, vol I, pp 502, 503 Collins observes no acts of hostility: Collins, vol I, p 174 Confrontation between Sydney and Botany Bay natives, April 1791: Collins, vol I, p 490 Corroboree at head of the stream: Collins, vol I, p 491 Ritual wounding: Collins, vol I, pp 489, 490 Killing by Noorooing: Collins, vol I, pp 460, 488, 489 Death of Yuringa: Collins, vol I, p 405 Mrs Macarthur: Elizabeth Macarthur, The Journal and Letters of Elizabeth Macarthur, 1787–1798, booklet Colby's burial of wife and child: Collins, vol I, p 504 Pemulwuy's resistance: Tench (under Pimelwi), pp 210, 211; Collins (under Pemulwy), vol I, pp 118, 371 Lieutenant Dawes's translation of damunalung: Smith, p 156; Dawes Papers, ML A skull for Sir Joseph Banks: Phillip to Banks, 26 March 1791, A81, ML Blumenbach: John Gasgoigne, Joseph Banks and the English Enlightenment: Useful Knowledge and Polite Culture, pp 149–159 Chapter Twenty-eight Pitt: Bateson, pp 139–41 Women convicts on Pitt: p 141; Collins, vol I, p 170 Illness on board: Collins, pp 168–70 Major Grose: ADB, vol I, alphabetical listing; Collins, vol I, pp 96, 167 Arrival of Pitt: Bateson, p 142; Collins, p 167 Ships' officers set up store ashore: Collins, vol I, p 168 Grose reacts to Sydney Cove and Parramatta: HRA, vol I, pt II, pp 2–4 Death and burial rate: Collins, vol I, p 170; Phillip in Hunter, pp 371, 372; Cobley for March, April 1792 in 1791–1792 Fifty-two further land grants: Phillip in Hunter, pp 355, 356 Phillip to Dundas: HRA, Series I, vol I, p 377 Henry Dundas: Brady, pp 249, 250; C M H Clark, vol I, pp 127, 128 Continued death: Collins, pp 165, 167, 168 A teacher and a parson for Norfolk Island: Collins, vol I, p 162 Johnson's household: Bonwick, p 88 But lack of a glebe: Bonwick, p 89 Holding services in a boathouse or in the open: Bonwick, pp 89, 90 Further burials: Cobley, for May, June 1792, 1791–1792; Collins, vol I, p 175 Survivors of the Bryant party transferred to Gorgon: Tench, pp 219, 220; Currey, p 34 Deaths of marines' children between Cape Town and England: Clark, pp 233, 234; Scott, pp 76–82 Death of Charlotte Bryant: Clark, p 234 Arrival in Portsmouth: Currey, p 36 Bryant party sent to Newgate: Frederick A Pottle, Boswell and the Girl from Botany Bay, p 24 James Boswell's involvement: Frank Brady, James Boswell, pp 464–66; also Pottle; Currey, pp 38–46 Other members of Bryant party released: Currey, p 46 John Butcher (Samuel Broome) returns to New South Wales: Currey, pp 46, 47 Mary Bryant goes home: Currey, p 44 Parsons's poem: Brady, pp 465, 466 Leaves from Botany Bay: Brady, pp 572, 573 Chapter Twenty-nine Attempted escape on Pitt: Collins, vol I, p 170 Surgeon Atkins on continued hunger: Richard Atkins, Journal, 1792–1810, typescript copy ML, original NL Maize, and grinding it: Collins, vol I, p 176 Shortage of rations, May 1792: Collins, vol I, pp 175, 176 New fishery for use of sick: Collins, vol I, p 175 Nature of scurvy, and thefts: Collins, vol I, pp 176–78 Atkins: ADB, vol I, alphabetical listing; Atkins, Journal, photocopy, ML MSS 737–1 Diminishing returns: Collins, vol I, p 170 Burton: Phillip to Dundas, April 1792, HRA, Series I, vol I, pp 936, 937 Burton's death: ADB, vol I, alphabetical listing; Collins, vol I, p 171 Arrival of Atlantic and its provisions: Collins, vol I, pp 184, 185 Inadequacy of rations: Collins, vol I, pp 186, 187; Atkins, Journal, ML Mid-winter harvest: Atkins, as for previous note Phillip to Nepean: 26 June 1792, Cobley, 1791–1792, p 275 Discounting of bills: Cobley, 1791–1792, pp 275, 276, 278 Arrival of Britannia, and news of Captain Trail: Collins, vol I, pp 187–88 Collins's optimism: Collins, vol I, p 188 Goods of unmerchantable condition: Collins, vol I, pp 184, 185 Nature of Indian supplies: Collins, vol I, p 191 Emancipated convicts and Ingram: Collins, vol I, pp 193, 194 Theft of urine-steeped corn: Atkins, Journal, ML Phillip to Dundas: October 1792, HRA, Series I, pt I, pp 374–81 Chapman on Phillip: HRNSW, vol I, pt I, p Royal Admiral: Bateson, pp 140, 141; Collins, vol I, p 199 Convicts straight to Parramatta: Phillip in Hunter, p 371 Mary Reibey: ADB, vol II, alphabetical listing; Robinson, Hatch and Brood, pp 69, 72 NSW Corps “takes up” Britannia: Collins, vol I, p 198 NSW Corps expect land grants: Phillip to Dundas, October 1792, HRA, Series I, vol I, pp 383, 384 Shops and behaviour of settlers: Collins, vol I, p 202 Kitty: Collins, vol I, pp 206, 307; Bateson, pp 143, 144 Phillip decides to travel on Atlantic: Collins, vol I, p 203 State of the colony: Phillip in Hunter, p 372; Collins, vol I, p 209 Collins on settler morale: Collins, vol I, p 210 Bushfire and harvest: Collins, vol I, p 210 Livestock: as for previous note Ceremonial and departure: Collins, vol I, p 211; Easty, p 142 Bennelong and Yemmerrawanne: as for previous note Easty's assessment of colony and journey: Easty, pp 144, 145, 156, 157, 162, 163 Arrival in England: Easty, p 174; Mackaness, Phillip; and Frost Epilogue For all First Fleet convicts and personnel: see Gillen and Chapman, alphabetical listings For Second Fleet convicts: see Flynn, alphabetical listings There are ADB listings for the following: ADB, vol I, George Barrington, Bennelong, James Bloodworth, David Collins; ADB, vol II, Henry Kable, Philip Gidley King, Phillip Parker King, James Larra, Simeon Lord, Elizabeth Macarthur, John Macarthur, Mary and Thomas Reibey, James Ruse, Watkin Tench, James Underwood, Richard Johnson, Esther (Abrahams) Johnston, George Johnston, D'Arcy Wentworth, William Charles Wentworth For further information on Bennelong, other than sources already cited: see Isadore Brodsky, Bennelong Profile: Dreamtime Reveries of a Native of Sydney Cove For the Wentworth dynasty, see Ritchie's The Wentworths For the Macarthur dynasty, see Michael Duffy, Man of Honour: John Macarthur; and the much earlier (by half a century) M H Ellis, John Macarthur For first generation of Australians, see John Molony, The Native-Born, especially chaps and 2; and Portia Robinson, The Hatch and Brood of Time, a reassessment of the first generation of Australian-born For the best study of Phillip's last days, see Frost, Phillip; and George Mackaness's seventy-year-old study, Admiral Arthur Phillip bibliography PRIMARY SOURCES An Authentic and Interesting Narrative of the Late Expedition to Botany Bay as Performed by Commodore Phillips Aberdeen, 1789 Barrington, George George Barrington's Voyage to Botany Bay, Retelling a Convict's Travel Narrative of the 1790s Ed Suzanne Rickard London, 2001 Blake, William The Poetical Works of William Blake Ed John Sampson London (1913), 1949 Bowes Smyth, Arthur The Journal of Arthur Bowes Smyth: Surgeon, Lady Penrhyn, 1787–1789 Ed Paul G Fidlon and R J Ryan Sydney, 1979 Bradley, William A Voyage to New South Wales, 1786–1792 Sydney, 1969 Also available in transcript and original in Online Collections, State Library of New South Wales Web site A Brief Detail of Governor Phillip's Voyage to Botany Bay: With an Account of the Establishment of the Colonies at Port Jackson and Norfolk Island Rutland, Vermont, 1795 Clark, Ralph The Journal and Letters of Lt Ralph Clark, 1787–1792 Ed Paul G Fidlon and R J Ryan Sydney, 1981 Collins, David An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales (1798) Vol Ed Brian H Fletcher Sydney, 1975 Easty, John, Private Marine Memorandum of the Transactions of a Voyage from England to Botany Bay, 1787–1793: A First Fleet Journal Sydney, 1965 Fowell, Newton The Sirius Letters: The Complete Letters of Newton Fowell, Midshipman and Lieutenant Aboard the Sirius Flagship Sydney, 1988 Harris, Alexander, An Emigrant Mechanic Settlers and Convicts or Recollections of Sixteen Years' Labour in the Australian Backwoods Foreword by Manning Clark London, 1964 Historical Records of Australia Vol 1, series Ed Frederick Watson Sydney, 1925 Historical Records of New South Wales Vol 1, Parts and Ed F M Bladen Sydney, 1892–1901 Home, Edward A First Fleet Letter to a Gentleman in Edinburgh Canberra, 1999 Hunter, Captain John, Commander HMS Sirius, with Further Accounts by Governor Arthur Phillip, Lieutenant P G King, and Lieutenant H L Ball An Historical Journal, 1787–1792 Ed John Bach Sydney, 1968 Ingleton, Geoffrey Chapman True Patriots All: Or News from Early Australia as Told in a Collection of Broadsides Sydney, 1952 King, Philip Gidley The Journal of Philip Gidley King: Lieutenant, R.N., 1787–1790 Ed.Paul G Fidlon and R J Ryan Sydney, 1980 Macarthur, Elizabeth The Journal and Letters of Elizabeth Macarthur, 1789–1798 Transcribed by Joy N Hughes Sydney, 1984 Nagle, Jacob The Nagle Journal: A Diary of the Life of Jacob Nagle, Sailor, from the Year 1775 to 1841 Ed John C Dann New York, 1988 Nicol, John Life and Adventures, 1776–1801 Ed Tim Flannery Melbourne, 1997 Phillip, Arthur Copies and Extracts of Letters from Governor Phillip: Giving an Account of the Fertility of the Land, etc London, 1792 ——— The Voyage of Governor Phillip to Botany Bay (London, 1789) Sydney, 1970 Scott, James, Sergeant of Marines Remarks on a Passage to Botany Bay, 1787–1792 Sydney, 1963 Sources of Australian History Ed C M Clark Melbourne, 1957 Spain, Edward The Journal of Edward Spain, Merchant Seaman and Sometimes Warrant Officer in the Royal Navy Sydney, 1989 Tench, Captain Watkin, of the Marines Sydney's First Four Years Reprint of A Narrative of the Expedition to Botany Bay and a Complete Account of the Settlement at Port Jackson Introduction by L F Fizhardinge Sydney, 1979 White, John, Esq., Surgeon-General to the First Fleet and the Settlement at Port Jackson Journal of a Voyage to New South Wales Ed Alec H Chisholm Sydney, 1962 SECONDARY SOURCES Abbie, A A The Original Australians Sydney, n.d Ackroyd, Peter London: The Biography London, 2001 Atkinson, Alan The Europeans in Australia: A History Vol Melbourne, 1997 Australian Dictionary of Biography Vols 1, Gen ed Douglas Pike Victoria, 1967 The Australian Encyclopaedia 6th ed., Sydney, 1996 Barton, G B History of New South Wales from the Records Vols 1, Sydney, 1980 Bateson, Charles The Convict Ships, 1787–1868 Glasgow, 1959 Beaglehole, J C The Life of Captain James Cook Stanford, Calif., 1974 Beames, Thomas The Rookeries of London London, 1852 Beattie, J M Crime and the Courts in England, 1660–1800 Princeton, 1986 Blainey, Geoffrey The Triumph of the Nomads Melbourne, 1975 Blaxell, Gregory The River, Sydney Cove to Parramatta Sydney, 2004 Bonwick, John Australia's First Preacher, the Reverend Richard Johnson London, 1898 Brady, Frank James Boswell: The Later Years, 1769–1795 New York, 1984 Brodsky, Isadore Bennelong Profile: Dreamtime Reveries of a Native of Sydney Cove Sydney, 1973 Carter, Paul The Road to Botany Bay: An Exploration of Landscape and History New York, 1987 Chapman, Don 1788: The People of the First Fleet Sydney, 1988 Clark, C M H A History of Australia Vol 1, From the Earliest Times to the Age of Macquarie Melbourne, 1962 Clark, Manning History of Australia Abridged by Michael Cathcart Melbourne, 1993 ——— A Short History of Australia Victoria, 1963 Clendinnen, Inga Dancing with Strangers Melbourne, 2003 Cobley, John The Crimes of the First Fleet Convicts Sydney, 1970 ——— Sydney Cove, 1788 London, 1962 ——— Sydney Cove, 1789–1790 Sydney, 1963 ——— Sydney Cove, 1791–1792 Sydney, 1965 Crittenden, Victor Naval Men of the First Fleet Canberra, 1986 Currey, C H The Transportation, Escape and Pardoning of Mary Bryant Sydney, 1983 Defoe, Daniel Moll Flanders (1772) New York, 1961 Dew, Sergeant William, of the Marines A First Fleet Family Ed (supposedly) Louis Becke and Walter Jeffery London, n.d Duffy, Michael Man of Honour: John Macarthur Sydney, 2003 Elder, Bruce Blood on the Wattle: Massacres and Maltreatment of Aboriginal Australians Since 1788 Sydney, 1988 Eldershaw, M Barnard Phillip of Australia Sydney, 1938 Elkin, A P Aboriginal Men of High Degree (1945) Queensland, 1977 Ferguson, Niall Empire London, 2003 The First Fleeters: A Comprehensive Listing of Convicts, Marines, Seamen, Officers, Wives, Children and Ships Ed Paul G Fidlon and R J Ryan Sydney, 1981 Flynn, Michael The Second Fleet, Britain's Grim Convict Armada of 1790 Sydney, 2001 Forster, Colin France and Botany Bay: The Lure of a Penal Colony Melbourne, 1996 Frost, Alan Arthur Phillip, His Voyaging Melbourne, 1987 ——— Botany Bay Mirages: Illusions of Australia's Convict Beginnings Melbourne, 1994 Gasgoigne, John Joseph Banks and the English Enlightenment: Useful Knowledge and Polite Culture Cambridge, U.K., 1994 Gibson, Madge Belbroughton to Botany Bay Belbroughton, Worcestershire, 1987 Gillen, Mollie The Founders of Australia: A Biographical Dictionary of the First Fleet Sydney, 1989 Given, John W 1787/1788: First Fleet Marines of Port Jackson and Norfolk Island and in Van Diemen's Land Cambridge, Tas., 2001 Griffith, Tom (gen ed.) The Newgate Calendar Hertfordshire, U.K., 1997 Grose, Captain 1811 Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue London, 1811 Halloran, Lawrence John Harris, First Fleet Emancipist Sydney, 1992 Hay, Douglas, Peter Linebaugh, E P Thompson, John G Rule, and Cal Winslow Albion's Fatal Tree: Crime and Society in Eighteenth-Century England London, 1975 Hirst, J B Convict Society and Its Enemies: A History of Early New South Wales Sydney, 1983 Holden, Robert Orphans of History: The Forgotten Children of the First Fleet Sydney, 2000 Hughes, Robert The Fatal Shore: The Epic of Australia's Founding New York, 1986 Keneally, Thomas The Great Shame: A Story of the Irish in the Old World and the New Sydney, 1998 Kirk, R L., and A G Thorne The Origin of the Australians Canberra, 1976 Langguth, A J Patriots: The Men Who Started the American Revolution New York, 1988 Macintyre, Stuart, and Anna Clark The History Wars Melbourne, 2003 Mackaness, George Admiral Arthur Phillip, Founder of New South Wales, 1738–1814 Sydney, 1937 ——— The Life of Vice-Admiral William Bligh R.N., F.R.S Sydney, 1931 McIntyre, Kenneth Gordon The Rebello Transcripts: Governor Phillip's Portuguese Prelude London, 1984 Molony, John The Native Born: The First White Australians Melbourne, 2000 Mulvaney, John, and Johan Kamminga Prehistory of Australia Sydney, 1999 Oldham, Wilfred Britain's Convicts to the Colonies Sydney, 1990 Parker, Mrs Mary A Voyage Round the World in the Gorgon Man of War London, 1795 Porter, Roy English Society in the Eighteenth Century London, 1983 Pottle, Frederick A Boswell and the Girl from Botany Bay London, 1938 Protos, Alec The Road to Botany: The Story of Frenchman's Road: Randwick Through the Journals of La Pérouse and the First Fleet Writers Sydney, 2000 Reece, Bob The Origins of Irish Convict Transportation to New South Wales Melbourne, 2001 Reed, A W Myths and Legends of Australia Sydney, 1965 Rees, Siân The Floating Brothel: The Extraordinary Story of the Lady Juliana and Its Cargo of Female Convicts Bound for Botany Bay Sydney, 2001 Reynolds, Henry The Law of the Land Melbourne, 1987 Ritchie, John The Wentworths, Father and Son Melbourne, 1997 Robinson, Portia The Hatch and Brood of Time: A Study of the First Generation of Native Born White Australians, 1788–1828 Vol Oxford, 1985 ——— The Women of Botany Bay Ringwood, Victoria, 1998 Robson, John Captain Cook's World: Maps of the Life and Voyages of James Cook R.N Sydney, 2000 Robson, L L The Convict Settlers of Australia: An Enquiry into the Origin and Character of the Convicts Transported to New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land 1787–1852 Melbourne, 1965 Ronayne, Jarlath The Irish in Australia, Rogues and Reformers: First Fleet to Federation Melbourne, 2003 The Second Fleet of Convicts: A Comprehensive Listing of Convicts Who Sailed in HMS Guardian, Lady Juliana, Neptune, Scarborough and Surprize Ed R J Ryan Sydney, 1982 Shaw, A G L Convicts and the Colonies: A Study of Penal Transportation from Great Britain and Ireland to Australia and Other Parts of the British Empire London, 1966 Smith, Keith Bennelong: The Coming in of the Eora, Sydney Cove, 1788–1792 Sydney, 2001 Thomas, James H Portsmouth and the First Fleet, 1786–1787 Portsmouth, 1987 Thomas, Nicholas Discoveries: The Voyages of Captain Cook London, 2003 Turnbull, Lucy Hughes Sydney: Biography of a City Sydney, 1999 Ward, Russel The Australian Legend Melbourne, 1958 Whiteley, Gilbert Naturalists of the First Fleet Australian Museum Magazine, January–March 1938 Willey, Keith When the Sky Fell Down: The Destruction of the Tribes of the Sydney Region, 1788–1850s Sydney, 1979 Woods, G D A History of Criminal Law in New South Wales: The Colonial Period, 1788–1900 Sydney, 2002 ELECTRONIC SITES Byrne, Dan The Blackheath Connection (with input by Leo Rhind) Available free online under that title weights and measures inch 12 inches feet 220 yards (660 feet) furlongs (1760 yards) 144 square inches square feet 4,840 square yards 640 acres feet 100 fathoms LINEAR MEASURE = 1,000 mils = foot = yard = furlong = (statute) mile = 2.54 centimetres = 0.3048 metre = 0.9144 metre = 201.168 metres = 1.6093 kilometres SQUARE MEASURE = square foot = 929.03 square centimetres = square yard = 0.8361 square metre = acre = 0.4047 hectare = square mile = 259.0 hectares NAUTICAL MEASURE = fathom = cable's length = 1.829 metres = 182.9 metres In the Royal Navy 608 feet = cable's length = 185.319 metres 10 cables' length = international nautical mile = 1.852 kilometres international nautical mile = 1.150779 statute miles Length of a minute of longitude at the equator 60 nautical miles = degree of a great circle of the earth = 69.047 statute miles nautical miles = marine league = 5.556 kilometres LIQUID AND DRY MEASURE gill gills pints quarts gallons pecks = fluid ounces = pint = quart = gallon = peck = bushel = 0.1480 litre = 0.568 litre = 1.136 litres = 4.546 litres = 9.092 litres = 36.37 litres WEIGHTS ounce pound 14 pounds 112 pounds 2,240 pounds 2,000 pounds °Celsius = 28.3495 grams = 453.59 grams = stone = hundredweight = (long) ton = (short) ton TEMPERATURE = 5/9 (°Fahrenheit - 32) = 6.35 kilograms = 50.80 kilograms = 1,016.05 kilograms = 907.18 kilograms THOMAS KENEALLY Thomas Keneally has won international acclaim for his novels Schindler's List (the basis for the movie and the winner of the Booker Prize), The Chant of Jim-mie Blacksmith, Confederates, Gossip from the Forest, The Playmaker, Woman of the Inner Sea, A River Town, Office of Innocence , and The Tyrant's Novel His most recent works of nonfiction are The Great Shame and American Scoundrel He resides in Sydney, Australia ALSO BY THOMAS KENEALLY Fiction The Place at Whitton The Fear Bring Larks and Heroes Three Cheers for the Paraclete The Survivor A Dutiful Daughter The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith Blood Red, Sister Rose Gossip from the Forest Season in Purgatory A Victim of the Aurora Passenger Confederates The Cut-Rate Kingdom Schindler's List A Family Madness The Playmaker To Asmara By the Line Flying Hero Class Woman of the Inner Sea Jacko A River Town Bettany's Book Office of Innocence The Tyrant's Novel Nonfiction Outback The Place Where Souls Are Born: The Journey to the Southwest Now and in Time to Be: Ireland and the Irish Memoirs from a Young Republic Homebush Boy: A Memoir The Great Shame and the Triumph of the Irish in the EnglishSpeaking World American Scoundrel: The Life of the Notorious Civil War General Dan Sickles Lincoln For Children Ned Kelly and the City of Bees Roos in Shoes FIRST ANCHOR BOOKS EDITION, DECEMBER 2007 Copyright © 2005, 2006 by The Serpentine Publishing Co (Pty) Limited All rights reserved Published in the United States by Anchor Books, a division of Random House, Inc., New York, and in Canada by Random House of Canada Limited, Toronto Originally published in hardcover in Australia by Random House Australia, and subsequently in hardcover in the United States by Nan A Talese, an imprint of The Doubleday Broadway Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc., New York, in 2006 Anchor Books and colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc The Library of Congress has cataloged the Nan A Talese/Doubleday edition as follows: Keneally, Thomas A commonwealth of thieves : the improbable birth of Australia / Thomas Keneally.—1st ed in the U.S.A p cm Originally published: Milson Point, NSW : Random House Australia, 2005 Includes bibliographical references Australia—History—1788–1851 Prisoners—Australia—History Convict ships—Australia—History Penal colonies— Australia—History Frontier and pioneer life—Australia Philip, Arthur, 1738–1814 Governors—Australia—New South Wales— Biography Australia—History—1788–1851—Biography I Title DU99.K46 2006 994.02—dc22 2006044470 Author photograph © University of California, Irvine/Kerry Klayman www.anchorbooks.com eISBN: 978-0-307-38757-8 v3.0 ... uncharted south coast of New Holland (later to be known as Australia) and Antarctica's massive ice pack In 1642, a Dutchman, Abel Tasman, a vigorous captain of the Dutch East India Company, had crossed... Marine Affairs and the Colonies approached Admiral Augustus Hervey asking for help in a fight with Spain on the Atlantic coast of South America A disputed area known as the Debatable Lands ran... her hands was that of a late seaman, who had wages due to him and owed her money But the poor fellow had been blown to pieces in the East Indiaman the Duke of Arthur Hannah had taken a false oath