John wiley sons interscience design and analysis of distributed algorithms oct 2006 bbl

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTED ALGORITHMS Nicola Santoro Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada WILEY-INTERSCIENCE A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTED ALGORITHMS DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTED ALGORITHMS Nicola Santoro Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada WILEY-INTERSCIENCE A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION Copyright © 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4470, or on the web at www.copyright.com Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permission Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation You should consult with a professional where appropriate Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages For general information on our other products and services or for technical support, please contact our Customer Care Department within the United States at (800) 762-2974, outside the United States at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002 Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic formats For more information about Wiley products, visit our web site at www.wiley.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Santoro, N (Nicola), 1951Design and analysis of distributed algorithms / by Nicola Santoro p cm – (Wiley series on parallel and distributed computing) Includes index ISBN-13: 978-0-471-71997-7 (cloth) ISBN-10: 0-471-71997-8 (cloth) Electronic data processing–Distributed processing Computer algorithms QA76.9.D5.S26 2007 005.1–dc22 2006011214 Printed in the United States of America 10 I Title II Series To my favorite distributed environment: My children Monica, Noel, Melissa, Maya, Michela, Alvin CONTENTS Preface xiv Distributed Computing Environments 1.1 Entities 1.2 Communication 1.3 Axioms and Restrictions 1.3.1 Axioms 1.3.2 Restrictions 1.4 Cost and Complexity 1.4.1 Amount of Communication Activities 1.4.2 Time 1.5 An Example: Broadcasting 1.6 States and Events 1.6.1 Time and Events 1.6.2 States and Configurations 1.7 Problems and Solutions ( ) 1.8 Knowledge 1.8.1 Levels of Knowledge 1.8.2 Types of Knowledge 1.9 Technical Considerations 1.9.1 Messages 1.9.2 Protocol 1.9.3 Communication Mechanism 1.10 Summary of Definitions 1.11 Bibliographical Notes 1.12 Exercises, Problems, and Answers 1.12.1 Exercises and Problems 1.12.2 Answers to Exercises 1 4 9 10 10 14 14 16 17 19 19 21 22 22 23 24 25 25 26 26 27 Basic Problems And Protocols 2.1 Broadcast 2.1.1 The Problem 2.1.2 Cost of Broadcasting 2.1.3 Broadcasting in Special Networks 29 29 29 30 32 vii .. .DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTED ALGORITHMS Nicola Santoro Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada WILEY- INTERSCIENCE A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTED ALGORITHMS. .. ALGORITHMS DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTED ALGORITHMS Nicola Santoro Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada WILEY- INTERSCIENCE A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION Copyright © 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, ... of messages (re)setting of the alarm clock changing the value of the status register Design and Analysis of Distributed Algorithms, by Nicola Santoro Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Inc DISTRIBUTED