Bergdoll foreclosed; rehousing the american dream (2012)

Foreclosed Barry Bergdoll reinhold Martin The Museum of Modern Art, New York In association with The Temple Hoyne Buell center for the study of American Architecture, columbia University, New York Foreclosed: reHoUsINg THe AMerIcAN dreAM Published in conjunction with the exhibition Foreclosed: Rehousing the American Dream, organized at The Museum of Modern Art, New York, by Barry Bergdoll, The Philip Johnson chief curator of Architecture and design, MoMA, with reinhold Martin, director, Temple Hoyne Buell center for the study of American Architecture, columbia University It runs from February 15 to July 30, 2012 The exhibition is made possible by The rockefeller Foundation This is the second exhibition in the series Issues in contemporary Architecture, supported by Andre singer The accompanying workshops are made possible by MoMA’s Wallis Annenberg Fund for Innovation in contemporary Art through the Annenberg Foundation Additional support for the publication is provided by The richard H driehaus Foundation Produced by the department of Publications, The Museum of Modern Art, New York edited by david Frankel designed by MTWTF (glen cummings, Juan Astasio, Aliza dzik, Andrew shurtz), New York Production by Matthew Pimm Printed and bound by Asia one Printing limited, Hong Kong This book is typeset in Akzidenz-grotesk The paper is 120gsm White A woodfree Published by The Museum of Modern Art, 11 W 53 street, New York, New York 10019 © 2012 The Museum of Modern Art, New York “The Buell Hypothesis,” pp 19–52, and the descriptions of the sites on pp 55–57, 73–75, 91–93, 109–11, and 127–29 are all © 2012 The Trustees of columbia University in the city of New York copyright credits for certain illustrations are cited on p 181 All rights reserved library of congress control Number: 2012931748 IsBN: 978-0-87070-827-5 distributed in the United states and canada by d.A.P./distributed Art Publishers, Inc., New York distributed outside the United states and canada by Thames & Hudson ltd, london secretary shaun donovan’s speech and the proceedings of the June 18 workshops were transcribed from audio recordings into type by castingWords, at http://castingwords.com cover, back cover, and flaps: details of the five Foreclosed projects by Mos Architects, Visible Weather, studio gang Architects, WorKac, and Zago Architecture Printed and bound in Hong Kong Foreword glenn d lowry Preface Henry N cobb 10 reopening Foreclosure Barry Bergdoll 19 The Buell Hypothesis reinhold Martin, leah Meisterlin, and Anna Kenoff Projects 55 The oranges, New Jersey Mos ArcHITecTs: THoUgHTs oN A WAlKINg cITY 73 Temple Terrace, Florida VIsIBle WeATHer: sIMUlTANeoUs cITY 91 cicero, Illinois sTUdIo gANg ArcHITecTs: THe gArdeN IN THe MAcHINe 109 Keizer, oregon WorKac: NATUre-cITY 127 rialto, california ZAgo ArcHITecTUre: ProPerTY WITH ProPerTIes 145 Public Property reinhold Martin Workshops 156 Back to the Burbs Michael sorkin 162 Workshop Transcripts 174 From crisis to opportunity: rebuilding communities in the Wake of Foreclosure shaun donovan 179 Project credits 180 Acknowledgments 182 Trustees of The Museum of Modern Art Foreword In its promotion of the most pertinent and innovative architecture of the day, The Museum of Modern Art has since its founding given issues of housing and urbanism pride of place alongside aesthetic and formal questions With the complex and timely project Foreclosed: Rehousing the American Dream, we renew that legacy It is too often forgotten that precisely eighty years ago, the Museum’s epoch-making Modern Architecture: International Exhibition of 1932 not only promoted the aesthetic principles of what curators Henry-russell Hitchcock and Philip Johnson saw as an emerging “International style,” but also—with the collaboration of the writer lewis Mumford—advocated housing reform in the slums of New York and other American cities as the effects of the worldwide economic depression began to make themselves profoundly felt In recent years that advocacy role has again been a hallmark of our department of Architecture and design, particularly in the series “Issues in contemporary Architecture,” which challenges architects to confront problems they don’t necessarily face in the direct commissions and design competitions that are the usual vehicles for new design thinking The series was inaugurated in 2010, with Rising Currents: Projects for New York’s Waterfront, which invited a broad range of designers to work together to imagine ways to make cities more resilient to the rising sea levels brought on by climate change With that project, Barry Bergdoll, the Museum’s Philip Johnson chief curator of Architecture and design, also created a unique collaboration between the Museum and its sister institution MoMA Ps1, which provided studio space for workshops open to public visits and debates while design was under way That process was followed by an exhibition of the results at MoMA In Foreclosed, the second project in the series, architects, landscape designers, environmentalists, economists, engineers, community activists, and artists, all practitioners of disciplines that separately and implicitly shape our daily built environment, have come together to think collaboratively and explicitly about new models for future development of suburbs In an economic climate more and more often compared to that of the Museum’s early years in the 1930s, the curators have presented the workshop’s design teams with the challenge of seeing a silver lining in the economic downturn—of finding a moment to reflect on the inner ring of suburbs, and on the possibility that they offer the most urgent and most environmentally and often socially sound terrain for rethinking American metropolitan regions in the twenty-first century Here, in a landscape often leapfrogged over by developers looking for places to build ever farther from the urban core, are fabrics that have the potential to serve a much broader range of the population In fact the workshop has discovered how diverse the country’s suburbs indeed are, and how many opportunities for new types of design engagement reside there Weller, we give special thanks to Paul Beardsley, rosalie genevro, Alex garvin, and The richard H driehaus Foundation development shaun donovan in his galloway, study center supervisor; colin and Anne rieselbach While Foreclosed is first and forekeynote address in september at MoMA Hartness, Assistant to the chief curator; To all of the above we thank you most a showcase of five architecture Ps1 We also extend our thanks to those Whitney May, department Assistant; for an outpouring of vision, invaluable teams and the distillation of a curatorial in the U.s department of Housing and and interns Matthew gin and lily Wong advice, and shared commitment to vision, it draws for its impact on the creUrban development who helped make Also at the Museum, we extend making university and museum into ativity and dedication of MoMA’s wealth his involvement possible, including grateful appreciation to Heidi speckhart, experimental platforms for the design of exhibition design, graphic, curatorial, Neill Mcg coleman, general deputy development officer; elizabeth Burke, professions and for our cities and our and administrative talents We extend Assistant secretary, office of Public Foundation relations director; and Mary suburban communities our sincere thanks to Betty Fisher, Affairs; Matthew J Weiner, senior Jean Melone, development Associate Production Manager, department of speechwriter, office of Public Affairs; Thanks also to Margaret doyle, director, Barry Bergdoll exhibition design and Production; James e Millikan, speechwriter, office communications; sarah Jarvis, Publicist; The Philip Johnson chief curator, H Y Ingrid chou, Assistant director, of Public Affairs; Alexandra simbaña, and Kim donica, Publicity coordinator department of Architecture and design department of graphic design; Margot director of scheduling; and Ioanna In the department of education, special Weller, curatorial Assistant, department T Kefalas, executive Assistant to the thanks go to sara Bodinson, director, of Architecture and design; and secretary Interpretation and research, and Pablo emma Presler, department Manager, Both MoMA and MoMA Ps1 provided Helguera, director, and laura Beiles department of Architecture and design, crucial support and guidance for the coppola, Assistant director, Adult and for their singular commitment to this organization of the workshop-and-exhiAcademic Programs ambitious project bition format of the project At MoMA, we We are grateful to MoMA’s We are particularly grateful to thank Nancy Adelson, deputy general department of Information Technology, the leaders of the departments at the counsel; Jan Postma, chief Financial especially Aaron lewis, director, Audio/ Museum and MoMA Ps1 who helped officer; Tunji Adeniji, director, Facilities Visual services, and charlie Kalinowski, make Foreclosed happen: James and safety; Todd Bishop, director, Howard deitch, Nathaniel longcope, gara, chief operating officer, and exhibition Funding and MoMA Ps1 Mike gibbons, lucas gonzales, and Assistant Treasurer of the Board of development; Maria deMarco Beardsley, Bjorn Quenemoen In the department of Trustees; Patty lipshutz, general coordinator of exhibitions; christopher digital Media, we thank Allegra Burnette, counsel, and secretary to the Board of Hudson, Publisher, Publications; creative director, and david Hart, Trustees; ramona Bannayan, senior Kim Mitchell, chief communications shannon darrough, and dan Phiffer In deputy director for exhibitions and officer; Jerry Neuner, director, the department of Marketing, our apprecollections; Peter reed, senior deputy department of exhibition design and ciation goes to rebecca stokes, director, director, curatorial Affairs; and Michael Production; stefanii ruta-Atkins, Head digital Marketing communications, Margitich, senior deputy director, registrar, collection Management and Jason Persse, Associate editor, external Affairs and exhibition; Wendy Woon, deputy development and Membership 180 Picture credits (above and below left), 99 (top), 104–5 studio gang Architects and Albert Kahn Individual images appearing herein Associates, Inc.: p 98 (right) studio may be protected by copyright in the gang Architects and Joseph lekas United states of America, or elsewhere, Photography: pp 94, 106–7 studio and may not be reproduced in any form gang Architects and spirit of space: without the permission of the rights pp 96–97 (bottom), 99 (bottom), holders In reproducing the images 100–101 (bottom) contained in this publication, the Map created by The Temple Hoyne Museum obtained the permission of Buell center for the study of American the rights holders whenever possible Architecture, columbia University data should the Museum have been unable source: “2008 Foreclosure Filings set to locate the rights holder, notwithrecord,” UsA Today, February 3, 2009: standing good-faith efforts, it requests p 48 (fig 1) data source: U.s census that any contact information concerning Bureau: p 51 (fig 9) such rights holders be forwarded to courtesy U.s geological survey, that they may be contacted for future earth resources observation and editions science (eros) center, sioux Falls, s.dak With additions by the Temple Michael Bell, eunjeong seong: Hoyne Buell center for the study of Visible Weather: pp 17 (fig 15), 76, 77, American Architecture, columbia 80, 81, 84, 85, 87–89 Jesse Keenan: University: pp 55, 73, 91, 109, 127 pp 78–79 Marc Wanamaker/Bison Archives: Jordan carver on behalf of The p 12 (fig 4) Temple Hoyne Buell center for the study Wieden+Kennedy New York: p 125 of American Architecture, columbia (bottom) University: p 13 (fig 5) Photo: Joshua White/JWPictures © duany Plater-Zyberk & co com: pp 141 (bottom), 143, 150 (left) Illustrators: charles Barrett and Manuel WorKac: pp 17 (fig 16), 112–15, 117, Fernandez-Noval: p 11 (fig 2) 118, 120–21 (top), 122–23 © 2011 James ewing, photograph Zago Architecture: pp 17 (fig 14), courtesy James ewing pp 58, 64 (top), 130–39, 140–41 (top), 142 66–67 (bottom), 82, 83, 86, 100–101 (top), 102–3, 116, 119, 120 (bottom left The book cover and flaps include and right), 121 (bottom left and right), images with the following credits: 124–25 (top), 148, 149, 150 (right) Michael Bell, eunjeong seong: Visible Jeff Ferzoco, Petra Todorovich, Yoav Weather; © 2011 James ewing, photos Hagler for America 2050 at regional courtesy James ewing; Mos Architects; Plan Association: p 15 (fig 7) studio gang Architects; photos: Joshua Fuse: pp 12–13 (fig 3) White/JWPictures.com; and Zago Map created by leah Meisterlin Architecture Full versions of the cover with The Temple Hoyne Buell center and flap images appear on pp 58, 63, 64, for the study of American Architecture, 70–71, 76, 81, 86, 102–3, 105, 116, 119, columbia University data source: U.s 130, 135, 140–41, 143, 148, 149 census Bureau: pp 48 (fig 2), 56 (figs 2–4), 74 (figs 2–4), 92 (figs 2–4), 110 (figs 2–4), 128 (figs 2–4) data source: U.s census Bureau, analysis by The Temple Hoyne Buell center for the study of American Architecture, columbia University: pp 49 (fig 3), 50 (figs 4–8) Mos: pp 16 (fig 9), 61–63, 64 (bottom), 65, 66–67 (top), 68–71 Photo christopher Woebken: pp 16 (fig 12), 59, 60 © 2012 The Museum of Modern Art, New York Photo Thomas griesel: pp 14–15 (fig 6) Photo Brett W Messenger: pp 16 (figs 8, 11), 155 Photo don Pollard: pp 16 (fig 10), 161, 173 realty Trac, imagery © 2011 digital globe, geoeye, state of oregon, U.s geological survey, Terra Metrics, accessed via google Maps With additions by The Temple Hoyne Buell center for the study of American Architecture, columbia University: p 110 (fig 1) realtyTrac, imagery © 2012 Terra Metrics, accessed via google Maps With additions by the Temple Hoyne Buell center for the study of American Architecture, columbia University: pp 56 (fig 1), 74 (fig 1), 92 (fig 1), 128 (fig 1) courtesy damon rich and the Queens Museum of Art: p 18 (fig 17) © Time life Pictures courtesy Time & life Pictures/getty Images Photo: Joseph scherschel: p 10 (fig 1) studio gang Architects: pp 16 (fig 13), 95, 96 (top), 97 (right), 98 181 Trustees of The Museum of Modern Art Peter Norton Maja oeri david rockefeller* richard e oldenburg** Honorary chairman Michael s ovitz richard d Parsons ronald s lauder Peter g Peterson* Honorary chairman Mrs Milton Petrie** gifford Phillips* robert B Menschel* emily rauh Pulitzer* chairman emeritus david rockefeller* david rockefeller, Jr Agnes gund sharon Percy rockefeller President emerita lord rogers of riverside** richard e salomon donald B Marron Ted sann** President emeritus Anna Marie shapiro gilbert silverman** Jerry I speyer Anna deavere smith chairman Jerry I speyer ricardo steinbruch Marie-Josée Kravis Yoshio Taniguchi** President david Teiger** eugene V Thaw** sid r Bass Jeanne c Thayer* leon d Black Alice M Tisch Mimi Haas Joan Tisch* richard e salomon edgar Wachenheim III Vice chairmen gary Winnick glenn d lowry ex officio director glenn d lowry richard e salomon director Treasurer Agnes gund James gara chairman of the Board of MoMA Ps1 Assistant Treasurer Michael r Bloomberg Patty lipshutz Mayor of the city of New York secretary christine c Quinn Wallis Annenberg speaker of the council of the city of lin Arison** New York celeste Bartos* sid r Bass John c liu lawrence B Benenson comptroller of the city of New York leon d Black eli Broad* sharon Percy rockefeller clarissa Alcock Bronfman President of The International Patricia Phelps de cisneros council Mrs Jan cowles** douglas s cramer* christopher lee Apgar and Franny Paula crown Heller Zorn lewis B cullman** co-chairmen of The contemporary david dechman Arts council glenn dubin Joel s ehrenkranz* *life Trustee John elkann **Honorary Trustee laurence Fink H.r.H duke Franz of Bavaria** Kathleen Fuld gianluigi gabetti* Howard gardner Maurice r greenberg** Anne dias griffin Agnes gund Mimi Haas Alexandra A Herzan Marlene Hess Barbara Jakobson* Werner H Kramarsky* Jill Kraus Marie-Josée Kravis June Noble larkin* ronald s lauder Thomas H lee Michael lynne donald B Marron Wynton Marsalis** robert B Menschel* Philip s Niarchos James g Niven 182 ... Foreclosed: reHoUsINg THe AMerIcAN dreAM Published in conjunction with the exhibition Foreclosed: Rehousing the American Dream, organized at The Museum of Modern Art, New York, by Barry Bergdoll, The. .. disconnection between the rising diversity of housing needs and the monotony of housing production speaks to the tenacity of the postwar American dream the enduring allure of the detached house... want a broader discussion of the nature and parameters of the American dream In the America that will emerge from the great recession of the early twenty-first century, the unrolling of a welcome