OB lecture 24 classical motivation

Classical Motivation Theory Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Alderfer’s ERG Theory Mcgregory’s Theory X and Theory Y Herzberg 2factor Theory (Hygiene Factor, Motivation Factor) . FourDrive Theory 5. Expectancy Theory ‘Goal Setting’ Theory ‘Feedback’ Theory 6. Equity Theory

Lecture 24 Classical Motivation Theory Lesson Plan Classical Motivation Theory 1.Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 2.Alderfer’s ERG Theory 3.Mcgregory’s Theory X and Theory Y 4.Herzberg 2-factor Theory (Hygiene Factor, Motivation Factor) Contemporary Motivation Theory Four-Drive Theory Expectancy Theory ‘Goal Setting’ Theory ‘Feedback’ Theory Equity Theory Motivation Motivation is the process of arousing and sustaining goal-directed directed behavior From Latin: ‘movere’, - ‘move’ Motivate is to move you toward goals… What is the other word that come from the same root - ‘movere’, ? Emotion The oldest This is an area much studied There are many of theories The oldest - self Interest - Adam Smith This is the underlying assumption of economics People are motivated by self interest for economic gain to provide the necessities and conveniences of life Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (1954) Self Actualization Esteem - recognition Social Needs - love, belonging Physical or physiological needs - good, cloth, water How to apply in management ? Safety and security – home, job The lower level of needs are satisfied before the higher level of needs Story of a nouveau riche Maslow Hierarchy of Needs Maslow recognized the following needs but was not included • • desire to know => need for learning desire for aesthetic beauty Is Maslow’s Theory right, or wrong? Theory X and Theory Y Again it is not tested, only by observation Not ‘Grounded Theory’ Assumption Theory X – People are inherently ‘bad’, lazy Theory Y – People are inherently ‘good’, hardworking In Practice • There is no conflict between the two approaches • Good management relies on employing in the right circumstances • Employing the wrong approach in the does have undesirable results By Pride or By Fear • Management by Fear – Theory X It is good in preventing people from doing wrong But ineffective in encouraging doing right • Management by Pride - Theory Y Not effective in preventing people doing wrong, but effective in encouraging good performance Deng Xiao Ping We must use education and law together Herzberg – factor Theory (1982) By questionnnaire Motivatipon Factors Achievement Hygiene Factors Recognition Work itself Responsibilitie s Advancement Growth Company Policy Supervisor Interpersonal Relationship Work Condition Pay Status Security Herzberg, F (1982) The Managerial Choice: To Be Efficient or To Be Human, Olympus, Salt Lake City Not Present Present Motivation Factors Not Motivated Motivated Hygiene Factors Not Satisfied Satisfied Work Itself is an intrinsic reward Intrinsic reward are rewards within control of the individual – satisfaction,achievement, growth -> explain why people volunteer Extrinsic rewards are forms of reward that are outside the control of individual: salary, Incentive, share option, attention, recognition Work For many people, a job is crucial psychologically,over and above the paycheck By making clear demand of their time and energy, it provides an element of structure around which the rest of their lives can be organized Work Good leader: create an environment in which ‘doing it’ is more important to the people than not doing it Pay ? Hygiene or motivating factor Why people concern on pay; 1.To earn enough 2.To know that their pay is fair – in comparison with the pay of other inside and outside => a fair’s day pay for a fair’s day work 4a Describe the nature of group and group behaviour within organization 4c Evaluate the impact of technology on team functioning within a given organization Khan Academy ...Lesson Plan Classical Motivation Theory 1.Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 2.Alderfer’s ERG Theory 3.Mcgregory’s Theory X and Theory Y 4.Herzberg 2-factor Theory (Hygiene Factor, Motivation Factor)... Factor, Motivation Factor) Contemporary Motivation Theory Four-Drive Theory Expectancy Theory ‘Goal Setting’ Theory ‘Feedback’ Theory Equity Theory Motivation Motivation is the process of arousing... physiological needs - good, cloth, water How to apply in management ? Safety and security – home, job The lower level of needs are satisfied before the higher level of needs Story of a nouveau riche