Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, and Dynamic HTML, 4th Edition Advisory Board Members and Textbook Reviewers We are extremely grateful to the advisory board members and textbook reviewers listed below, and would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge them for their contributions in the development of this text Their timely reviews, informed feedback, and excellent suggestions were tremendously valuable and helped us to produce an outstanding text that will meet the needs of all our New Perspectives instructors and students Our sincere thanks to all! Advisory Board Members Lisa Macon, Valencia Community College Don Mangione, Baker College of Muskegon Chuck Riden, Arizona State University Kenneth Wade, Champlain College Textbook Reviewers Sally Catlin, Indiana University—Purdue University Indianapolis Heith Hennel, Valencia Community College Diana Kokoska, University of Maine Angela McFarland, B.T Washington High School, Escambia Brian Morgan, Marshall University James Papademas, DeVry University Chicago Luke Papademas, DeVry University Chicago “The New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, and DHTML text's hands-on, case-based approach is far more accessible to students than approaches taken in other books Prior versions of this text have helped hundreds of my students to learn Web publishing techniques that have enabled them to obtain high-paying industry jobs; the 4th Edition promises to the same It is difficult, in general, to convince students that reading textbooks is important—but they love to read this one.” —Lisa Macon, Valencia Community College New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, and Dynamic HTML 4th Edition Comprehensive www.ebook777.com This page intentionally left blank New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, and Dynamic HTML 4th Edition Comprehensive Patrick Carey Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States www.ebook777.com New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, and Dynamic HTML, 4th Edition—Comprehensive Vice President, Publisher: Nicole Jones Pinard Executive Editor: Marie L Lee Senior Product Manager: Kathy Finnegan Associate Acquisitions Editor: Brandi Shailer Associate Product Manager: Leigh Robbins © 2010 Course Technology, Cengage Learning ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher Editorial Assistant: Julia Leroux-Lindsey For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706 Director of Marketing: Cheryl Costantini Marketing Manager: Ryan DeGrote For permission to use material from this text or product, submit all requests online at cengage.com/permissions Further permissions questions can be emailed to permissionrequest@cengage.com Marketing Coordinator: Kristen Panciocco Developmental Editors: Mary Kemper, Robin M Romer Senior Content Project Manager: Jennifer Goguen McGrail Composition: GEX Publishing Services Text Designer: Steve Deschene Art Director: Marissa Falco Cover Designer: Elizabeth Paquin Cover Art: Bill Brown Copyeditor: Suzanne Huizenga Proofreader: Kathy Orrino Indexer: Alexandra Nickerson Some of the product names and company names used in this book have been used for identification purposes only and may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective manufacturers and sellers Microsoft and the Office logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries Course Technology, Cengage Learning is an independent entity from the Microsoft Corporation, and not affiliated with Microsoft in any manner Disclaimer: Any fictional data related to persons or companies or URLs used throughout this book is intended for instructional purposes only At the time this book was printed, any such data was fictional and not belonging to any real persons or companies ISBN-13: 978-1-4239-2543-9 ISBN-10: 1-4239-2543-2 Course Technology 20 Channel Center Street Boston, Massachusetts 02210 USA Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions with office locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United Kingdom, Australia, Mexico, Brazil, and Japan Locate your local office at: international.cengage.com/region Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson Education, Ltd To learn more about Course Technology, visit www.cengage.com/coursetechnology To learn more about Cengage Learning, visit www.cengage.com Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred online store www.ichapters.com Printed in the United States of America 13 12 11 10 09 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com New Perspectives Series v Preface The New Perspectives Series’ critical-thinking, problem-solving approach is the ideal way to prepare students to transcend point-and-click skills and take advantage of all that the World Wide Web has to offer Our goal in developing the New Perspectives Series was to create books that give students the software concepts and practical skills they need to succeed beyond the classroom With this new edition, we’ve updated our proven case-based pedagogy with more practical content to make learning skills more meaningful to students With the New Perspectives Series, students understand why they are learning what they are learning, and are fully prepared to apply their skills to real-life situations "This text is filled with excellent explanations and activities My students vary in their abilities, and this text covers exactly what they need in a logical, incremental fashion It's a great reference book that students will find useful for years." —Kenneth Wade Champlain College About This Book This book provides complete coverage of HTML and XHTML, and includes the following: • Up-to-date coverage of using HTML and XHTML to create and design Web sites • Instruction on using CSS to create styles that enhance Web page design and layout, including table and print styles • Expanded and in-depth coverage of embedding multimedia content; using JavaScript to create Web sites with dynamic content and styles; creating Web forms; and using JavaScript to provide client-side form validation • Reinforcement of code compliance with strict applications of HTML and XHTML and compliance with Section 508 accessibility guidelines • Web demos, which give students an interactive approach to learning HTML, XHTML, CSS, and JavaScript • An Online Companion, which provides supplemental information related to the content of each tutorial as well as access to the student data files • Updated business case scenarios throughout, which provide a rich and realistic context for students to apply the concepts and skills presented System Requirements This book assumes that students have an Internet connection, a text editor, and a current Web browser that supports HTML 4.0 and XHTML 1.1 standards The following is a list of the most recent versions of the major browsers at the time this text was published: Windows—Firefox 2.0, Internet Explorer 7.0, Opera 9.25, and Safari 3.0; Macintosh—Safari 3.0 All Web browsers interpret HTML and CSS code in slightly different ways It is highly recommend that students have several different browsers installed on their systems, for comparison purposes Students might also want to run older versions of these browsers to highlight compatibility issues, but the code in this book is designed to support those browser versions The screenshots in this book were produced using Internet Explorer 7.0 running on Windows Vista, unless otherwise noted If students are using a different browser or operating system, their screens will vary slightly from those shown in the book; this does not present any problems for students in completing the tutorials www.cengage.com/ct/newperspectives www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com vi New Perspectives Series "The New Perspectives Series approach, which combines definition and real-world application of content, makes it an easy choice for me when selecting textbooks I am able to teach concepts that students can immediately apply." —Brian Morgan Marshall University InSight Tip The New Perspectives Approach Context Each tutorial begins with a problem presented in a “real-world” case that is meaningful to students The case sets the scene to help students understand what they will in the tutorial Hands-on Approach Each tutorial is divided into manageable sessions that combine reading and hands-on, step-by-step work Colorful screenshots help guide students through the steps Trouble? tips anticipate common mistakes or problems to help students stay on track and continue with the tutorial InSight Boxes New for this edition! InSight boxes offer expert advice and best practices to help students better understand how to work with HTML, XHTML, and Dynamic HTML With the information provided in the InSight boxes, students achieve a deeper understanding of the concepts behind the features and skills presented Margin Tips New for this edition! Margin Tips provide helpful hints and shortcuts for more efficient use of HTML, XHTML, and Dynamic HTML The Tips appear in the margin at key points throughout each tutorial, giving students extra information when and where they need it Reality Check Reality Checks New for this edition! Comprehensive, open-ended Reality Check exercises give students the opportunity to practice skills by completing practical, real-world tasks, such as creating a personal Web site and creating and posting an online resume Review In New Perspectives, retention is a key component to learning At the end of each session, a series of Quick Check questions helps students test their understanding of the concepts before moving on Each tutorial also contains an end-of-tutorial summary and a list of key terms for further reinforcement Apply Assessment Engaging and challenging Review Assignments and Case Problems have always been a hallmark feature of the New Perspectives Series Colorful icons and brief descriptions accompany the exercises, making it easy to understand, at a glance, both the goal and level of challenge a particular assignment holds Reference Window Reference While contextual learning is excellent for retention, there are times when students will want a high-level understanding of how to accomplish a task Within each tutorial, Reference Windows appear before a set of steps to provide a succinct summary and preview of how to perform a task In addition, each book includes a combination Glossary/Index to promote easy reference of material www.cengage.com/ct/newperspectives Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com New Perspectives Series vii Our Complete System of Instruction Brief Introductory Comprehensive Coverage To Meet Your Needs Whether you’re looking for just a small amount of coverage or enough to fill a semester-long class, we can provide you with a textbook that meets your needs • Brief books typically cover the essential skills in just to tutorials • Introductory books build and expand on those skills and contain an average of to tutorials • Comprehensive books are great for a full-semester class, and contain to 12+ tutorials So if the book you’re holding does not provide the right amount of coverage for you, there’s probably another offering available Visit our Web site or contact your Course Technology sales representative to find out what else we offer Online Companion This book has an accompanying Online Companion Web site designed to enhance learning This Web site, www.course.com/np/dhtml4, includes the following: • Supplemental information tied directly to the content of each tutorial, for further student exploration and reference • Student Data Files needed to complete the tutorials and end-of-tutorial exercises CourseCasts – Learning on the Go Always available…always relevant Want to keep up with the latest technology trends relevant to you? Visit our site to find a library of podcasts, CourseCasts, featuring a “CourseCast of the Week,” and download them to your mp3 player at http://coursecasts.course.com Ken Baldauf, host of CourseCasts, is a faculty member of the Florida State University Computer Science Department where he is responsible for teaching technology classes to thousands of FSU students each year Ken is an expert in the latest technology trends; he gathers and sorts through the most pertinent news and information for CourseCasts so your students can spend their time enjoying technology, rather than trying to figure it out Open or close your lecture with a discussion based on the latest CourseCast Visit us at http://coursecasts.course.com to learn on the go! Instructor Resources We offer more than just a book We have all the tools you need to enhance your lectures, check students’ work, and generate exams in a new, easier-to-use and completely revised package This book’s Instructor’s Manual, ExamView testbank, PowerPoint presentations, data files, solution files, figure files, and a sample syllabus are all available on a single CD-ROM or for downloading at http://www.cengage.com/coursetechnology www.cengage.com/ct/newperspectives Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com viii New Perspectives Series Skills Assessment and Training SAM 2007 helps bridge the gap between the classroom and the real world by allowing students to train and test on important computer skills in an active, hands-on environment SAM 2007’s easy-to-use system includes powerful interactive exams, training or projects on critical applications such as Word, Excel, Access, PowerPoint, Outlook, Windows, the Internet, and much more SAM simulates the application environment, allowing students to demonstrate their knowledge and think through the skills by performing real-world tasks Powerful administrative options allow instructors to schedule exams and assignments, secure tests, and run reports with almost limitless flexibility Online Content Blackboard is the leading distance learning solution provider and class-management platform today Course Technology has partnered with Blackboard to bring you premium online content Content for use with New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, and Dynamic HTML, 4th Edition, Comprehensive is available in a Blackboard Course Cartridge and may include topic reviews, case projects, review questions, test banks, practice tests, custom syllabi, and more Course Technology also has solutions for several other learning management systems Please visit http://www.cengage.com/coursetechnology today to see what’s available for this title Acknowledgments I would like to thank the people who worked so hard to make this book possible Special thanks to my developmental editors, Mary Kemper and Robin Romer, for their hard work and valuable insights, and to my Product Manager, Kathy Finnegan, who has worked tirelessly in overseeing this project and made my task so much easier with her enthusiasm and good humor Other people at Course Technology who deserve credit are Marie Lee, Executive Editor; Brandi Shailer, Associate Acquisitions Editor; Leigh Robbins, Associate Product Manager; Julia Leroux-Lindsey, Editorial Assistant; Jennifer Goguen McGrail, Senior Content Project Manager; Christian Kunciw, Manuscript Quality Assurance (MQA) Supervisor; and John Freitas, Serge Palladino, Danielle Shaw, Teresa Storch, and Susan Whalen, MQA testers Feedback is an important part of writing any book, and thanks go to the following reviewers for their helpful ideas and comments: Sally Catlin, Indiana University—Purdue University Indianapolis; Heith Hennel, Valencia Community College; Diana Kokoska, University of Maine; Angela McFarland, B.T Washington High School, Escambia; Brian Morgan, Marshall University; James Papademas, DeVry University Chicago; and Luke Papademas, DeVry University Chicago My thanks as well to the members of the New Perspectives HTML Advisory Board for their insights and suggestions for this new edition: Lisa Macon, Valencia Community College; Don Mangione, Baker College of Muskegon; Chuck Riden, Arizona State University; and Kenneth Wade, Champlain College Writing a book is like giving birth and I have the stretch marks to prove it, so I want to thank my wife Joan for her love, encouragement, and patience This book is dedicated to my six children: Catherine, Stephen, Michael, Peter, Thomas, and John – Patrick Carey www.cengage.com/ct/newperspectives Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, & DHTML—Comprehensive CDATA See unparsed character data (CDATA) CDATA section A special construct that marks a block of text as CDATA so that parsers ignore any text within it HTML 553 cell aligning contents with HTML, HTML 297–298 spanning, HTML 279 cell padding The space between the cell contents and the cell border in a table HTML 293 setting with HTML, HTML 293–294 cell spacing The amount of space between table cells HTML 292 setting with HTML, HTML 292–293, HTML 294 CGI script See Common Gateway Interface script character regular expressions, HTML 821–823 repeating, specifying, HTML 826–828 special, HTML 45–47 types and classes, HTML 823–826 word, HTML 822 character alignment, HTML 298 character class A collection of characters used to limit the regular expression to a select group of characters HTML 825–826 character codes, keypress event, HTML 912–913 character encoding The process by which browsers associate a symbol with a number, and vice versa HTML 43 character entity reference A way to insert a special symbol, in which a short, memorable name is used in place of a numeric character reference HTML 43–45 character formatting element An element used to format characters and words HTML 29–32 character set A collection of characters and symbols; for English, about 127 characters are needed to represent all of the upper- and lowercase letters, numbers, punctuation marks, spaces, and special typing symbols in the English language HTML 42–45 character entity references, HTML 43–45 numeric character references, HTML 43 check box An element in a form for specifying yes or no HTML 347, HTML 378–380 forms, HTML 796 checked property, option button, HTML 794 Checkerboard Across transition, HTML J8 Checkerboard Down transition, HTML J8 Checkerboard transition, HTML J9 Chroma filter, HTML J2, HTML J4 Circle In transition, HTML J8 Circle Out transition, HTML J8 Clagnut, HTML 146 class, HTML 213–215 changing styles, HTML 742 class attribute, HTML 741 class file An executable file in which Java programs can be stored HTML 455 class id A unique string of characters that identifies an ActiveX control HTML 425, HTML 426–427 classic Web application model The classic approach in which users send data to a server and receive information from the server as whole Web pages HTML K2–K3 className property, HTML 741 client A computer or other device that requests services from a server HTML client-server network One of the most commonly used designs for a network, in which several clients access information provided by one or more servers HTML client-side image map An image map that is handled entirely by a network client, which is usually a Web browser running on a user’s computer HTML 82, HTML 85 client-side programming Programs that run on each user’s computer rather than remotely off a server HTML 567–568 client-side validation The Web browser checks the form, which is not submitted to the server until it passes inspection HTML 801 clipping elements, HTML 235–236 closing tag A tag that indicates the end of a two-sided tag HTML codebase attribute, HTML 425–427 codec The technology that compresses and decompresses a media clip (short for compression/decompression) collapsing source documents, HTML 975–980 color background, HTML 138–139 deprecated approaches, HTML 139 frame borders, HTML 506–507 primary, HTML 135 table borders, HTML 279 text, HTML 138–139 transparent, HTML 154 color blindness, HTML 138 color name, HTML 136–137 color value A numerical expression that precisely describes a color HTML 135–136 column page layout, HTML 313–314 spanning cells, HTML 279 column group An element that allows you to assign a common format to all of the cells within a given column HTML 288–290 command A single line that indicates an action for the browser to take HTML 571 enclosing within If statements, HTML 750 JavaScript, running as hypertext links, HTML 622 time-delayed, HTML 652, HTML 654 timed-interval, HTML 652–654 command block The collection of commands that is run each time through a loop HTML 686 www.ebook777.com REF command button A button that runs a command on a Web page HTML 385 comment conditional, HTML 207, HTML 427–429 hiding JavaScript code, HTML 596 JavaScript, HTML 594–596 single-line and multiline, HTML 594–596 style, HTML 128–129 comment tag A tag that allows you to insert a comment in your HTML code; such notes often contain the author’s name and the date the document was created HTML 13 Common Gateway Interface script (CGI script) The earliest and most common languages used to write server-based programs HTML 348 compare function A function that compares the values of two adjacent items in an array at a time HTML 680–681 comparison operator An operator that compares the value of one expression to another HTML 647–648 compiled language A language in which the program code must be submitted to a compiler that manipulates it, translating the code into a more basic language that machines can understand HTML 568 conditional comment A comment that allows you to apply different HTML code for different versions of Internet Explorer HTML 207 Internet Explorer, HTML 427–429 conditional operator A ternary operator that tests whether a certain condition is true and returns one value if the condition is true and a different value if the condition is not true HTML 647–648 conditional statement A statement that runs a command or command block only when certain circumstances are met HTML 692–698 See also specific statements labels, HTML 710–711 content In the box model, the element HTML 166 contextual selector A selector that expresses the location of an element within the hierarchy of elements HTML 201–203 continue command, HTML 709–710 control element A button, box, list, and so on, that provides a way of associating a field value with a particular field HTML 346 appearance, HTML 353–354 countdown clock, HTML 617–655 comparison operators, HTML 647–648 conditional operators, HTML 647 date objects, HTML 623–629 events See event; event handler logical operators, HTML 648–651 Math objet and Math methods, HTML 636–643 numeric values, HTML 643–646 onevent processing, HTML 618–622 operators and operands, HTML 630–636 running timed commands, HTML 651–654 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com REF New Perspectives Series counter variable A variable in a For loop that is used to track the number of times a set of commands is run HTML 685–687 credit card number Lun formula for testing, HTML 839–841 removing blank spaces, HTML 836–837 validating patterns, HTML 837–839 CSS See Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) CSS clip style, animating pull-down menus, HTML 756–760 CSS style applying filters using, HTML J2–J4 object properties, HTML 741–742 retrieving style sheet values, HTML 763 CSS1 The first version of CSS, introduced in 1996, but not fully implemented by any browser for another three years HTML 125 CSS2 The second version of CSS, introduced in 1998, which expanded the language to support styles for positioning, visual formatting, media types, and interfaces HTML 125 CSS 2.1 An update to CSS2, introduced 2002, which did not add any new features to the language, but cleaned up minor errors that were introduced in the original specification HTML 125 CSS3 The next version of CSS, still in development as of this writing; will add styles for user interfaces, accessibility, columnar layout, international features, mobile devices, and scalable vector graphics HTML 125 rounded boxes, HTML 330 CSS-P See CSS-Positioning CSS-Positioning (CSS-P) The collection of various positioning styles, added to CSS2 HTML 226 curly braces () command blocks, HTML 686 escape sequences, HTML 828 repetition characters, HTML 827 cursor, setting style, HTML 895–897 custom object, HTML 732, HTML 763–766 creating, HTML 765–766 defining customized properties, HTML 764 new operator, HTML 763–764 running object constructors, HTML 764–765 customized object An object created by the user HTML 732 D data cell In a table, a cell used for any content that is not considered a heading HTML 275–276 data rate The amount of data that has to be processed by a video player each second to play a video clip HTML 431 data type Refers to the type of information stored in a variable HTML 580–583 date method A method you can use to retrieve information from a date object or to change a date object’s value HTML 624–625 date object An object that contains information about a specified date and time HTML 623–629 creating date and time function, HTML 627–629 creating date and time variables, HTML 623 retrieving date, month, and hour values, HTML 624–625 retrieving hour, minute, and second values, HTML 625–626 setting date and time values, HTML 626–627 daylight savings time, HTML 627 debugging The process of searching code to locate a source of trouble HTML 597–603 common mistakes in JavaScript programs, HTML 599 tools and techniques, HTML 599–603 declaring The process of telling the JavaScript interpreter to reserve memory space for a variable HTML 578 decrement operator The unary operator that decreases the operand’s value by 1, indicated by the — symbol HTML 631, HTML 632 default action, canceling, HTML 914–915 default namespace The namespace that is assumed to be applied to the root element and any element within it-which includes, by default, any element within the document HTML 540 defaultChecked property, option button, HTML 794 definition list A type of list that contains a list of terms, each followed by the term’s description HTML 25–27 delimiter A text string that marks the break between one substring and another HTML 811–812 deprecated Refers to a feature of HTML or XHTML that is being phased out by the W3C and which might not be supported by future browsers HTML device-independent Documents, such as those written in SGML, that can in theory be used on almost any type of device HTML 526 dialog, definition lists to mark, HTML 26 digital audio, HTML 413–417 background sound, HTML 429 file formats, HTML 416–417 digital video, HTML 431–434 data rates and video quality, HTML 431–432 file formats, HTML 432–433 Flash See Flash media players, HTML 434–446 QuickTime video, HTML 439–443 Windows Media Player, HTML 443–445 display style, HTML 180–183 tables, HTML 311–312 displaying HTML documents, HTML 14–15 nested lists, HTML 973–975 scroll bars, HTML 490–491 div container A generic block-level element that you can resize and float to create different page layouts HTML 174–180, HTML 326–330 creating, HTML 175–176, HTML 178 CSS3, HTML 330 nesting, HTML 326–329 style, crating, HTML 179 width, setting, HTML 176–177 DOCTYPE declaration, HTML 538–539 changing, HTML 547 document fragment An unattached node or node tree that exists only in a browser’s memory HTML 946 document object An object that references elements and features of the Web document or Web browser HTML 732 document object model (DOM) The structure of all the objects within documents and browsers that are organized in a systematic way HTML 733–735 See also DOM entries basic model, HTML 733–734 document tree, HTML 735 IE, node types, HTML 943 IE, object references, HTML 739 order of event ascent and descent through objects, HTML 872 W3C, node types, HTML 942–943 document tree The hierarchy that each document object model organizes objects into HTML 735 document type definition (DTD) A collection of rules used to specify what the correct content and structure is for a document HTML 533–537 attributes, HTML 535–537 frameset, HTML 533, HTML 534 setting, HTML 539 strict, HTML 533, HTML 534–536, HTML 550 transitional, HTML 533–534 document.writeln() method, HTML 573–575 document.write() method, HTML 573–575 dollar sign ($) escape sequences, HTML 828 regular expressions, HTML 821 DOM See document object model (DOM) DOM Level See basic model DOM Level The first specification, released in October 1998, provided support for all elements contained within HTML and XML documents HTML 734 DOM Level The second specification, released in November 2000, enhanced the document object model by providing an event model that specified how events are captured as they progress through the objects in a Web browser DOM Level also extended the style sheet model to work with CSS style sheets and provided a range model to allow programmers to manipulate sections of text within a document HTML 734 DOM Level The most recent specification, released in April 2004, provides a framework for working with document loading and saving, as well as for working with Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, & DHTML—Comprehensive XML, namespaces, DTDs, and document validation HTML 734 domain name The server name portion of a URL; contains a hierarchy of names separated by periods (.) HTML 91 dot syntax The format that indicates the location of an object within the hierarchy by separating each level using a dot HTML 736 Do/While loop, HTML 690 drag-and-drop action, HTML 895–900 highlighting grid square, HTML 897–900 setting cursor style, HTML 895–897 drop cap, HTML 218–220 drop-down list box A control element used for long lists of options in a Web table HTML 347 DropShadow filter, HTML J2, HTML J4 DTD (DTD) See document type definition dynamic content Web page content that is determined by the operation of a script running within the browser HTML 935–994 attributes, HTML 961–968 creating in Internet Explorer, HTML 940 creating list items See list items expanding and collapsing source document, HTML 975–980 innerText property, HTML 939 inserting HTML content into elements, HTML 938–939 nested lists See nested list nodes See node plus/minus boxes, HTML 969–973 style sheets See style sheet testing, HTML 980–981 textContent property, HTML 939–940 dynamic resource, inline image, HTML 446 dynsrc resource, HTML 446 E ECMA See European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA) ECMAScript The standard scripting language developed by the ECMA, though browsers still refer to it as JavaScript HTML 569 element A distinct object in a Web document, like a paragraph, a heading, or the page’s title HTML anchors, HTML 78 applying styles to element classes, HTML 214–215 attributes, HTML 34–37 block-level See block-level element body element, HTML 10 clipping, HTML 235–236 empty, HTML 37–42 head element, HTML 10 hiding, HTML 245–247 id attribute, HTML 74–77 inline, HTML 29–32 inserting HTML content See dynamic content limiting width and height, HTML 236–237 link, HTML 102–103 logical vs physical, HTML 33 marking with tags, HTML root, HTML 10 stacking, HTML 238–239 em unit A commonly used relative unit; the exact meaning of the em unit depends on its use (for example, for font size or for a heading) HTML 144 translating between pixels and, HTML 146 e-mail address linking to, HTML 94–98 scrambling, HTML 565 e-mail harvester A program that scans documents, usually Web pages, looking for e-mail addresses; any e-mail address the harvester finds within the document code is added to a database, which can then be used for sending spam HTML 565 e-mail harvester A program used to scan HTML code for the e-mail addresses contained in mailto URLs HTML 98 embed element, HTML 446–448 embedded media Media displayed within the Web page in a fashion similar to an inline image; the controls to play the media clip are also displayed as part of the Web page HTML 413 embedded object, HTML 417–424 data sources and MIME types, HTML 417–419 embed element, HTML 446–448 HTML files, HTML 464–465 inline images, HTML 464 inserting, HTML 423 nesting embedded objects, HTML 448–453 parameters, HTML 421–424 width and height settings, HTML 419–420 embedded style sheet A collection of all of the styles used in a document, placed in the head section of the document HTML 126–127 embedded video, YouTube, HTML 453 embedding applets, HTML 456–457 Flash Players, HTML 435–438 HTML files, HTML 464–465 inline images, HTML 464 Emboss filter, HTML J2 empty element An element that contains no content; empty elements appear in code as one-sided tags HTML 37–42 enctype attribute, HTML 392 www.ebook777.com REF Engrave filter, HTML J2 equal sign (=) addition assignment operator, HTML 632–633 assigning value of one expression to another, HTML 632, HTML 633 comparison operator, HTML 648 multiplication assignment operator, HTML 633 remainder assignment operator, HTML 633 subtraction assignment operator, HTML 633 escape character Symbol that represents characters including nonprintable characters such as spaces, tabs, and line feeds HTML 94–95 escape sequence A special command inside the regular expression that tells the JavaScript interpreter not to interpret what follows as a character HTML 828–829 European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA) An international body responsible for developing a scripting standard HTML 569 event An action that occurs within a Web browser or Web document; an action undertaken by the user or the browser that impacts the object in some way HTML 620, HTML 732, HTML 733 canceling actions, HTML 914–915 locating, HTML 883–886 locating source, HTML 880–881 propagation, controlling, HTML 914 propagation, this keyword and, HTML 882 running scripts in response to, HTML 622 event bubbling Under Internet Explorer, an event is initiated at the bottom of the object tree and rises to the top of the hierarchy HTML 871, HTML 872 event capturing Events are initiated at the top of the object hierarchy and drop down the object tree to the lowest object HTML 871, HTML 872 event handler A statement that tells browsers what code to run in response to a specified event HTML 620–622, HTML 745–747 adding to plus/minus boxes, HTML 972–973 anonymous functions, HTML 870 mouse events, HTML 753–755 removing from objects, HTML 874–876 tracking, HTML 877 traditional binding, HTML 869 event model A model that describes how events interact with objects; one event model is used by the W3C and the other by the Internet Explorer browser HTML 861–917 attaching events, HTML 872 canceling actions, HTML 914–916 controlling event propagation, HTML 914 drag-and-drop action See drag-and-drop action event bubbling, HTML 871, HTML 872 event capturing, HTML 871, HTML 872 event objects See event object IE See IE event model Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com REF New Perspectives Series keyboard events See keyboard event listening for events, HTML 872 mouse events See mouse event removing events, HTML 874–876 W3C See W3C event model event object The location in which information about the event is stored HTML 877–882 IE, HTML 878 properties, HTML 878, HTML 879 reconciling two event objects, HTML 879–880 W3C, HTML 878–879 exclamation point (!) comparison operator, HTML 648 logical operator, HTML 648 expandCollapseDoc() function, HTML 976–977, HTML 979–980 expanding nested list, HTML 974–975 expanding source documents, HTML 975–980 extContent property, HTML 939–940 Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) One of the markup languages created with XML; designed to confront some of the problems associated with the various competing versions of HTML and to better integrate HTML with other markup languages like XML HTML 6, HTML 525–554 documents See XHTML document history, HTML 6–7, HTML 526–529 XHTML 1.0, HTML 528 XHTML 1.1, HTML 528–529 XHTML 2.0, HTML 528 XHTML 5.0, HTML 528 Extensible Markup Language (XML) A language for creating markup languages, like SGML, but without SGML’s complexity and overhead HTML 6, HTML 528–529 XML parser, HTML 530–531, HTML 571 extension The top level of a domain name, indicating the general audience supported by the Web server; for example, edu is the extension reserved for educational institutions, gov is used for agencies of the United States government, and com is used for commercial sites or general-use sites HTML 91 extensions Features added to HTML by various browsers, but not part of the specifications outlined by the W3C HTML external media Media accessed through a link that the user clicks to download the media file to his or her computer HTML 412–413 external style sheet A text file that contains style declarations and that can be linked to any or all the pages on a Web site, allowing the same styles to be applied to an entire site HTML 127–132 alternate, setting up, HTML 131–132 creating, HTML 128–129 importing, HTML 130 linking to, HTML 129–130 style comments, HTML 128–129 F Fade transition, HTML J9 field In a form, where each piece of information is stored HTML 346 inserting, HTML 359–361 labels, HTML 355–358 setting default value, HTML 363–365 field set A group of similar fields, which, when rendered by the browser, usually appears with a box surrounding the fields HTML 351–353 field value A piece of information in a field HTML 346 file button, HTML 388–389 file compression A process that reduces the size of a file but sometimes at the expense of quality HTML 415 file format digital audio, HTML 416–417 digital video, HTML 432–433 Flash, HTML 435 file server A node on a network that provides storage space for saving and retrieving files HTML File Transfer Protocol (FTP) A communications protocol used to transfer information between FTP servers HTML 92–93 filter An effect that is applied to an object or page to change its appearance HTML J1–J7 adding using CSS styles, HTML J2–J4 applying filter styles wit JavaScript, HTML J4–J5 light, HTML J5–J7 filter collection The collection of all filters associated with a particular object HTML J5 financial data, validating See credit card number Firefox Error Console A tool provided with the Firefox browser that displays all of the errors generated within the current document HTML 601–603 fixed positioning, HTML 231–232 flag, regular expressions, HTML 820–821 Flash, HTML 434–439 embedding Flash Players, HTML 435–438 file formats, HTML 435 parameters, HTML 438–439 Flash video (flv) A video format that contains the video clip that will be displayed by Adobe Flash Player, usually created by converting video from another format such as avi or mpeg HTML 435 FlipH filter, HTML J4 FlipV filter, HTML J4 floating A positioning technique that causes an element to move out of the normal document flow on the page, moving to a position along the left or right margins of the parent element; the other elements on the Web page that are not floated are then moved up to occupy the position previously occupied by the floating element HTML 162–165 multiple elements, HTML 163 focus A form element that is selected in the browser HTML 787–788 focus( ) method, HTML 787–788 folder, sibling, HTML 71 folder path, specifying, HTML 69–73 font, HTML 140–146 applying font features, HTML 149–151 choosing, HTML 140–143 generic, HTML 140, HTML 141–142 monospace, HTML 291 sans-serif, HTML 142–143 size, setting, HTML 143–146 specific, HTML 140 For loop, HTML 685–689 form, HTML 345–394, HTML 781–845 appending data, HTML 842 attributes, HTML 391–392 buttons See form button calculated fields, HTML 796–800 check boxes, HTML 378–380, HTML 796 creating, HTML 348–350 CSS, HTML 384 default value for fields, HTML 363–365 effective, HTML 393 field labels, HTML 355–357 field sets, HTML 351–353 form styles, HTML 357–358 hidden fields, HTML 390–391 input box width, HTML 361–363 input boxes, HTML 353–355 input fields, HTML 786–788 inserting, HTML 350 inserting fields, HTML 359–361 mailto action, HTML 393 navigating with access keys, HTML 365 option buttons, HTML 366–370, HTML 793–796 pairing with server-based programs, HTML 347–348 parts, HTML 346–348 passing data between forms, HTML 842–844 referencing, HTML 784–785 referencing elements, HTML 785–786 regular expressions See regular expression selection lists, HTML 789–793 See selection list text area controls, HTML 380–383 text strings See text string validating financial data, HTML 835–841 validation See form validation form button A control element that performs one of three actions: running a command, submitting the form to the CGI script running on the server, or canceling the data entry done in the form HTML 385–390 creating, HTML 385–387, HTML 388–390 custom, designing, HTML 388 form validation A process by which the server or a user’s browser checks a form for data entry errors HTML 800–806 alerting users, HTML 803–805 client-side, HTML 801 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, & DHTML—Comprehensive resetting forms, HTML 805–806 server-side, HTML 801 submitting forms, HTML 802–803 formatting background, HTML 157–159 frames See formatting frames tables See formatting tables with CSS; formatting tables with HTML attributes text strings, HTML 817–818 formatting frames, HTML 490–493 controlling resizing, HTML 493 hiding and displaying scroll bars, HTML 490–491 margins, HTML 491–493 formatting tables with CSS, HTML 299–311 border styles, HTML 300–304 caption styles, HTML 310–311 width and height styles, HTML 306–309 formatting tables with HTML attributes, HTML 292–299 aligning cell contents, HTML 297–298 borders, HTML 296–297 cell padding, HTML 293–294 cell spacing, HTML 292–293, HTML 294 row height, HTML 295 table width and height, HTML 294–295 vertical alignment, HTML 298–299 forward slash (/), escape sequences, HTML 828 frame (video file) In a video file, a single image, many of which makes up the video file HTML 431 frame (Web design) A section of a browser window capable of displaying the contents of an entire Web page HTML 479–514 borders, HTML 506–509 creating, HTML 487–488 drawbacks, HTML 481 formatting, HTML 490–493 framesets See frameset inline, HTML 509–513 keeping pages within, HTML 513 links, HTML 494–502 noframes element, HTML 502–506 planning, HTML 482–483 search engines, HTML 506 specifying frame size and orientation, HTML 484–486 frame border, HTML 506–509 color, HTML 506–507 hiding, HTML 507 removing, HTML 508 width, HTML 507–509 frame rate The number of frames shown in a given amount of time, commonly expressed in frames per second (fps) HTML 431 frameset HTML code that defines the layout and content of the frames within the browser window HTML 483–490 creating, HTML 486 creating frame, HTML 487–488 inserting, HTML 486 nesting, HTML 488–490 specifying frame size and orientation, HTML 484–486 frameset DTD One of the three DTDs used with XHTML 1.0; used for documents containing frames and also supports deprecated elements and attributes HTML 533, HTML 534 frequency The speed at which the sound wave moves and it relates to the sound’s pitch-the higher the frequency, the higher the pitch HTML 413 FTP See File Transfer Protocol (FTP) FTP client A special program that can encrypt or hide information during transmission across the Internet HTML 93 FTP server File server that acts like a file cabinet in which users can store and retrieve data files, much as they store and retrieve files from their own computer HTML 92 linking to, HTML 92–93 function A collection of commands that perform an action or return a value HTML 583–589 See also specific function names calling, HTML 584–588 customized, evaluating arrays with, HTML 691 to return a value, HTML 588–589 variable scope, HTML 589 function name Text that identifies a function HTML 583 G generic font A name for a grouping of fonts that share a similar appearance; browsers recognize five generic font groups: serif, sans-serif, monospace, cursive, and fantasy HTML 140, HTML 141–142 get method One of two possible values for the method attribute; appends the form data to the end of the URL specified in the action attribute HTML 391 get Minutes() method, HTML 626 getDate() method, HTML 624 getDay() method, HTML 626 getElementById() method, HTML 738, HTML 794 getFullYear() method, HTML 625, HTML 626 getHours() method, HTML 626 getMonth( ) method, HTML 625, HTML 626 getSeconds( ) method, HTML 626 getTime() method, HTML 626 getYear( ) method, HTML 625 GIF See Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) global scope Describes a variable not declared within a function that can be referenced from within all script elements on the Web page HTML 589 global variable A variable with global scope HTML 589 www.ebook777.com REF Glow filter, HTML J2, HTML J4 Gradient filter, HTML J3 GradientWipe transition, HTML J9 Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) A common image format first developed for the CompuServe online information service; GIF files are limited to 256 colors, so they are most often used for graphics requiring fewer colors, such as clip art images, line art, logos, and icons HTML 154–155, HTML 156 Gray filter, HTML J4 greater than operator (>), HTML 648 greater than or equal to operator (>=), HTML 648 grouping text strings, HTML 830 H hanging indent An indent that is negative, extending the first line to the left of the text block HTML 148 head element One of the two main sections of a Web document; contains information about the document (such as the document’s title or a list of keywords) that aids a search engine on the Web in identifying the document for other users HTML 10 heading element An element that contains the text of main headings on a Web page HTML 16–18 height box model styles, HTML 173–174 CSS, HTML 236–237 embedded objects, HTML 419–420 rows in tables, HTML 295 sound waves, HTML 413 tables, HTML 294–295, HTML 306–309 hexadecimal A number expressed in the base 16 numbering system rather than in the base 10 form you use every day HTML 136 hidden field A field that is added to a form but not displayed on the Web page HTML 390–391 hiding elements, HTML 245–247 frame borders, HTML 507 JavaScript code, HTML 596 nested lists, HTML 973–975 scroll bars, HTML 490–491 hierarchical structure A structure for a Web site in which the pages are linked going from the home page down to pages dedicated to specific topics HTML 64 highlighting grid square, HTML 897–900 highlighting missing or erroneous values, HTML 805 home page A Web page that acts as a focal point for a Web site; it is usually the first page that users see HTML 62–63 Horizontal Blinds transition, HTML J8 horizontal rule, HTML 39–41 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com REF New Perspectives Series host A computer through which users access a network; also called a node HTML hotspot An area within an image that accesses a link or performs an action when clicked or activated by the user HTML 81, HTML 82–85 HTML See Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) HTML 5.0 A working draft of the next version of HTML; it provides greater support for emerging online technology while still providing support for older browsers HTML HTML converter A program that translates text written in another language into HTML code HTML HTML document anchors, HTML 78 converting into XHTML, HTML 12 creating, HTML 8–15 displaying, HTML 14–15 embedding as objects, HTML 464–465 linking to locations within, HTML 74–80 links between documents, HTML 78–80 structure, HTML 10–12 title, HTML 12–13 tools for creating, HTML HTML editor A program that helps you create an HTML file by inserting HTML codes for you as you work HTML HTTP See Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) human input validation A technique that requires the entry of some piece of information that humans can easily enter, but automated programs cannot hypertext A method of organization in which information is not presented linearly, but in whatever order is requested by the user HTML attributes, HTML 98–102 creating links, HTML 67–69 hypertext link See link Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) A language used to mark the elements of a document to create a Web page HTML documents See HTML document history, HTML 5–7 writing code, HTML hypertext rollover, HTML 217–218 Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) The rules or protocols that Web browsers use to communicate with Web servers HTML 89, HTML 90 applying metadata to communication stream, HTML 105–106 I ID, specific, applying style to, HTML 134 id attribute, linking to, HTML 76–77 IE See Internet Explorer (IE) IE4 DOM Introduced by Internet Explorer 4.0, the chief feature is that all Web page elements were now part of the document object model CSS attributes also became part of the IE4 DOM, allowing users to manipulate CSS styles with JavaScript commands; incompatible with the Netscape approach HTML 733, HTML 734 inserting element text, HTML 968 IE event model The event model supported by Internet Explorer and Opera HTML 870, HTML 876 attaching events, HTML 872 event bubbling, HTML 871 event capturing, HTML 870 tracking mouse movements, HTML 894 If statement, HTML 693–695, HTML 750 nesting, HTML 694–695 If Else statement, HTML 695–697 multiple, HTML 696–697 illegal operations, JavaScript, HTML 643–644 image, HTML 153–157 background, HTML 159–161 GIF, HTML 154–155, HTML 156 inline, HTML 41–42 JPEG, HTML 155–156 PNG, HTML 156 size, setting, HTML 156–157 SVG, HTML 156 image button, HTML 389–390 image map An image containing hotspots that match a specified region of the image to a specific destination HTML 81–88 applying, HTML 86–87 client-side, HTML 82, HTML 85 hotspots, HTML 81, HTML 82–85 inline frames, HTML 512–513 server-side, HTML 88 importing style sheets, HTML 130 increment operator The unary operator that increases the value of the operand by 1, indicated by the ++ symbol HTML 631–632 indentation, HTML 148 index A number for each individual data value that distinguishes it from other values in the array HTML 674 indexOf() method, HTML 812 inherited positioning, HTML 231–232 initializing style sheets, HTML 990–991 inline element An element that marks a section of text within a block-level element; inline elements not start out on a new line or block, but instead flow “in-line” with the rest of the characters in the block HTML 29–32 character formatting, HTML 29–32 generic, HTML 32 marking, HTML 31–32 inline frame A type of frame in which the frame appears not within a frameset but within the body of a Web page HTML 509–513 attributes, HTML 509–510 creating, HTML 511 image maps, HTML 512–513 inline image A graphic file that is loaded as a browser renders a Web page HTML 41–42 dynamic resource, HTML 446 embedding, HTML 464 removing borders, HTML 87 inline style A style that is applied directly to an element through the use of the style attribute HTML 126 innerText property, HTML 939–940 input box A control element for text and numerical entries HTML 346 attributes, HTML 364 creating, HTML 353–355 setting width, HTML 361–363 input field, form, HTML 786–788 navigating between, HTML 787–788 setting value, HTML 786–787 insertBefore() method, HTML 947 Inset transition, HTML J9 instance A specific object HTML 764 Internet A network with an uncountable number of nodes involving computers, cell phones, PDAs, MP players, gaming systems, and television stations; the physical structure of the Internet uses fiber-optic cables, satellites, phone lines, wireless access points, and other telecommunications media, enabling a worldwide community to communicate and share information HTML Internet Explorer (IE) conditional comments, HTML 427–429 creating dynamic content, HTML 940 creating scrolling marquee using, HTML 463 DOM See IE4 DOM event model See IE event model filters, HTML J2–J4 transition styles, HTML J7–J10 Internet Service Provider (ISP) A company that provides Internet access HTML 48 interpage transition A transition between one Web page and another; involve effects applied to a page when a browser either enters or exits the page HTML J12–J13 interpreted language A language in which the program code is executed directly without compiling HTML 568 Invert filter, HTML J4 Iris transition, HTML J9 isFinite( ) function, HTML 644 isFinite( ) method, HTML 645 isHidden function, HTML 977–978 isNaN( ) function, HTML 644 isNaN( ) method, HTML 645, HTML 646 ISO-8859-1 An extended character set of 255 characters that can be used by most languages that employ the Latin alphabet, including English, French, Spanish, and Italian; also called Latin HTML 43 ISP (ISP) See Internet Service Provider Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, & DHTML—Comprehensive J Java A programming language used for applications on the Internet HTML 454–464 applets See Java Virtual Machine (JVM) Java Virtual Machine (JVM) A software program that runs the Java code and returns the results to the user’s computer HTML 454 JavaScript A subscript of Java, meant to be easy for nonprogrammers to use HTML 563–604 accessing external JavaScript files, HTML 590–594 applying filter styles, HTML J4–J5 commending JavaScript code, HTML 594–596 conditional statements See conditional statement creating date and time variables, HTML 623 debugging, HTML 597–603 development, HTML 568–569 functions, HTML 583–589 non-JavaScript browsers, HTML 577 numeric values, HTML 643–646 program loops See program loop running commands as hypertext links, HTML 622 script element, HTML 569–571 statements, HTML 571 syntax, HTML 575–576 variables, HTML 578–583 writing output to Web documents, HTML 571–575 jigsaw layout A table layout that involves breaking up page content into separate table cells that are then joined together like pieces in a jigsaw puzzle HTML 314–321 rounded border, HTML 320–321 structure, defining, HTML 315–320 jigsaw puzzle dropping puzzle pieces, HTML 888–889 highlighting grid square, HTML 897–900 keeping dragged items on top, HTML 889–890 moving pieces with keyboard, HTML 910–911 preventing hidden pieces, HTML 890–892 selecting pieces with keyboard, HTML 908–910 setting up, HTML 862–867 snapping pieces to puzzle grid, HTML 892–893 toggling between modes, HTML 906–908, HTML 911–912 Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) One of the main image file formats for Web pages; in the JPEG format, you can create images that use all 16.7 million colors available in the color palette HTML 155–156 JPEG See Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Jscript A slightly different version of JavaScript, supported by Internet Explorer HTML 569 JVM See Java Virtual Machine (JVM) K kerning A typographic feature that refers to the amount of space between characters HTML 146–147 keyboard, canceling default actions, HTML 914–915 keyboard event, HTML 901–913 key code values, HTML 904–905 keypress event and character codes, HTML 912–913 modifier keys, HTML 913 moving puzzle pieces, HTML 910–912 properties, HTML 903–905 selecting puzzle pieces, HTML 908–910 toggling between modes, HTML 906–908 keydown The keyboard event in which the user presses the key down HTML 902, HTML 903 keyMove( ) function, HTML 910–911 keypress The keyboard event that follows immediately after the onkeydown event HTML 902, HTML 903 character codes, HTML 912–913 keyup The keyboard event that occurs after the key has been released by the user HTML 902, HTML 903 L label statement, HTML 710–711 LAN See Local Area Network (LAN) language compiled, HTML 568 interpreted, HTML 568 strongly typed, HTML 581 weakly typed, HTML 581 Latin-1 An extended character set of 255 characters that can be used by most languages that employ the Latin alphabet, including English, French, Spanish, and Italian; also called ISO-8859-1 HTML 43 layout lists, HTML 212–123 page See page layout leading A typographic feature that refers to the amount of space between words HTML 147–148 length of arrays, HTML 678–679 less than operator ( www.ebook777.com New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, & DHTML—Comprehensive number converting between text strings and, HTML 644–645 format in JavaScript, HTML 644 random, generating, HTML 638 numeric character reference A number that represents a character HTML 43, HTML 44–45 numeric value Any number, such as 13, 22.5, or –3.14159 HTML 580 O Oak A language used to write an experimental, portable operating system; the operating system did not succeed, but the initial work on Oak was so promising that Sun Microsystems modified Oak and in 1995 renamed it Java HTML 454 object Any item-from the browser window itself to a document displayed in the browser to an element displayed within the document HTML 573 built-in, HTML 732 collections, HTML 736–738 customized See custom object document, HTML 732 DOM See document object model (DOM) embedded See embedded object events See event forms, referencing, HTML 785–786 methods See method names, HTML 735–736 properties See property referencing by name and ID, HTML 738–740 object class The general object itself HTML 764 object collection An array of objects used when more than one of the same type of object exists HTML 736–738 object constructor A function that defines the properties of a whole class of objects HTML 764–765 regular expression, HTML 831 object detection The process of confirming support for an object HTML 753 object name The identification used for an object HTML 735–736 object-based language A language such as JavaScript that is based on manipulating objects through the use of properties, methods, and events HTML 732 one-sided tag A tag used for an empty element; does not have an opening or closing tag HTML 38 onkeydown event, HTML 903 onkeypress event, HTML 903 onreset event handler, HTML 805–806 opening secondary windows or tabs, HTML 99–100 opening tag The tag that indicates the beginning of the content in a two-sided tag HTML operand The variable or expression that operators act upon HTML 630 operator A symbol used to act upon an item or a variable within a JavaScript expression HTML 630 arithmetic, HTML 630–631 assignment, HTML 632–633 binary, HTML 631 calculations, HTML 633–636 comparison, HTML 647–648 conditional, HTML 647–648 logical, HTML 648–651 modulus (remainder), HTML 631, HTML 694 unary, HTML 631–632 option button A control element that allows users to select a data value from a limited set of possible values; users can select only one button at a time HTML 347, HTML 366–370 appearance, HTML 368–369 creating, HTML 367–368 forms, HTML 793–796 properties, HTML 794 option group A way to organize a long selection list options by placing them in option groups using the optgroup element in which each group has a text label HTML 371–372 ordered list An HMTL list format used for items that must appear in a numeric order HTML 22 creating list item elements, HTML 952–953 matching elements, HTML 950–951 populating with list items, HTML 948–953 orphan A few beginning lines of an element that appear at the bottom of a page HTML 251 overflow, HTML 234–235 P padding In the box model, the space between an element’s content and the box border HTML 166, HTML 168 page area The space containing the content of the page HTML 248 page box In the box model of page layout, the entire page, composed of two areas: the page area, containing the content of the document, and the margin area, containing the space between the printed content and the edges of the page HTML 248 page break, HTML 250–255 preventing, HTML 251 widows and orphans, HTML 251 page layout, HTML 313–324 box content, HTML 322–324 columns, HTML 313–314 controversy, HTML 324–236 jigsaw, HTML 314–321 page name, HTML 248–249 www.ebook777.com REF 11 page style, HTML 248–250 page pseudo-classes and named pages, HTML 248–249 setting page size, HTML 249–250 paragraph element, HTML 18–19 parameter For an object, a value that defines the appearance or behavior of the object; in JavaScript, a variable associated with a function HTML 421–424, HTML 583 parameters applets, HTML 457–463 Flash, HTML 438–439 QuickTime, HTML 441–443 Windows Media Player, HTML 445 parentheses (()), escape sequences, HTML 828 parsed character data (PCDATA) Text that is processed (parsed) by a browser or parser HTML 552–553 parseFloat() method, HTML 645, HTML 646 parseInt() method, HTML 645, HTML 646 parser A program that checks a document for errors in syntax and content, and reports any errors it finds password-protected Web page, HTML 66–67 path Text that specifies the precise location of a file within a computer’s folder structure HTML 69–73 absolute, HTML 71 changing base, HTML 72 relative, HTML 71–72 pattern matching A text string is tested to see whether it matches the pattern defined by a regular expression HTML 818 matching substrings, HTML 819–829 PCDATA (PCDATA) See parsed character data percent sign (%) modulus (remainder) operator, HTML 631, HTML 694 remainder assignment operator, HTML 633 period (.), escape sequences, HTML 828 Perl One of the languages used to write CGI scripts HTML 348 persistent style sheet A style sheet that does not have a value for the title attribute and thus is always active HTML 984 physical element An element that describes how content should appear but doesn’t indicate the content’s nature HTML 33 pipe (|) escape sequences, HTML 828 logical operator, HTML 648 pixel The smallest unit or dot in a digital image or display HTML 82, HTML 145 translating between electronic mail (e-mail) unit and, HTML 146 Pixelate filter, HTML J3 Pixelate transition, HTML J9 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com REF 12 New Perspectives Series plug-in An extra component added to a program (such as a Web browser) to provide a feature or capability not included in the program HTML 413 parameters, HTML 421–424 plus sign (+) addition assignment operator, HTML 632–633 addition operator, HTML 631 escape sequences, HTML 828 increment operator, HTML 631–632 repetition character, HTML 827 plus/minus box An object that can alternately hide or display nested entries; a + symbol in the box indicates that content is hidden and a — symbol indicates that all the items are displayed HTML 969–973 adding event handlers, HTML 972–973 creating, HTML 969–972 placing, HTML 971–972 PNG (PNG) See Portable Network Graphics pop-up menu A menu in which a user clicks an object on the page and the menu appears, sometimes elsewhere on the page HTML 760 Portable Network Graphics (PNG) A third graphic format gaining wider acceptance; PNG files include most of the same features as GIFs, but also provide file compression and the full 16.7 million colors available with JPEGs HTML 156 position, lists, HTML 211 positioning objects with CSS, HTML 222–234 callouts, HTML 223–226 fixed positioning, HTML 231–232 inherited positioning, HTML 231–232 positioning styles, HTML 226–227 positioning objects with CSS absolute positioning HTML 227–230 relative positioning, HTML 230–231 post method One of two possible values for the method attribute; sends form data in a separate data stream, allowing the Web server to receive the data through what is called standard input; because it is more flexible and safer, most Web designers prefer the post method for sending data to a server HTML 391 preferred style sheet A style sheet that is similar to a persistent style sheet except that it contains a value for the title attribute HTML 984 preformatted text Text that is displayed by the browser with the same spacing and line breaks that you enter HTML 291 presentational attribute An attribute that specifically describes how an element should be rendered; almost all presentational attributes are now deprecated in favor of styles HTML 37 primary color, HTML 135 print server A network node that provides printing services to the network HTML print style, HTML 252–255 program loop A set of commands that it is executed repeatedly until a stopping condition has been met HTML 684–691 See also specific loops creating, HTML 691 jumping to next iteration, HTML 709–710 statement labels, HTML 710–711 terminating, HTML 709 prolog, XML, HTML 530 property A description of an object’s appearance, purpose, or behavior HTML 732, HTML 733, HTML 740–743 arrays of menus, HTML 742–743 classes versus style object, HTML 742 CSS styles, HTML 741–742 event objects, HTML 878, HTML 879 HTML attributes, HTML 740–743 keyboard events, HTML 903–905 nodes, HTML 944 read-only, HTML 741 protected structure A structure for a Web site in which portions of the site are off-limits except to users with passwords (usually subscribers and registered customers) HTML 66–67 protocol A set of rules defining how information is passed between two devices HTML 89–90 pseudo-class A classification of an element based on its current status, position, or use in the document HTML 215–218 page pseudo-classes, HTML 248–249 pseudo-element An element that is not part of the document tree, but is instead abstracted from what we know of an element’s content, use, or position in the document HTML 219–222 drop caps, HTML 219–220 generating text, HTML 221–222 publishing a Web page, HTML 48 pull-down menu A menu in which a menu title is always visible to the user, identifying the entries in the menu When a user clicks the title or in some cases moves the pointer over the title, the rest of the menu is displayed, often accompanied by the effect of a menu being “pulled down” from the title HTML 729–760 animating, HTML 756–760 objects See object overview, HTML 730–732 programming, HTML 747–755 Q question mark (?) escape sequences, HTML 828 repetition character, HTML 827 QuickTime, HTML 439–443 parameters, HTML 422, HTML 441–443 quirks mode One of the two modes a browser can work in; in quirks mode, the browser applies its own interpretation of the box model and other features of CSS HTML 173 R r, escape sequences, HTML 828 RadialWipe transition, HTML J9 radio button See option button Random Bars Horizontal transition, HTML J8 Random Bars Vertical transition, HTML J8 Random Dissolve transition, HTML J8 random numbers, generating, HTML 638 Random transition, HTML J8 RandomBars transition, HTML J9 RandomDissolve transition, HTML J9 read-only property A property you cannot change, which has a fixed value HTML 741 RealAudio file format, HTML 416 recursion A programming technique in which program code calls itself repeatedly until a stopping condition is met HTML 982 regular expression A text string that defines a character pattern HTML 818–835 creating, HTML 818–819 defining character positions, HTML 821–823 defining character types and character classes, HTML 823–826 escape sequences, HTML 828–829 matching substrings, HTML 819–820 methods, HTML 831–833 object constructor, HTML 831 setting flags, HTML 820–821 spaces, HTML 820 specifying alternate patterns and grouping, HTML 829–830 specifying repeating characters, HTML 826–828 validating financial data, HTML 835–841 validating zip codes, HTML 834–835 regular expression literal The syntax for creating regular expressions HTML 818 relative path A path that specifies a file’s location in relation to the location of the current document HTML 71–72 relative positioning Positioning that is used to move an element relative to its default position on the page HTML 230–231 relative unit Units expressed relative to the size of other objects within a Web page HTML 144 remainder assignment operator (%=), HTML 633 removeEvent() function, HTML 874–875 removing events, HTML 874–876 reserved target name A special name that can be used in place of a frame name as a target HTML 498–502 reset button A control element that resets a form, changing all field values to their original default values and deleting any values that the user might have entered into the form HTML 385–387 resetting forms, HTML 805–806 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, & DHTML—Comprehensive resizing frames, HTML 493 reveal transition A more general transition in which a visual effect is applied as one object is changed into another HTML J7 reverse() method, HTML 681 reversing arrays, HTML 679 RGB triplet A trio of numbers that represent a color; the numbers are based on the strength of the color’s red, green, and blue components HTML 135–136 rollover effect A change that is applied only when a user “rolls” the mouse pointer over an element HTML 215–218 hypertext, HTML 217–218 root element The element that contains all of the elements used in the document; for HTML documents, the root element is marked with the tag HTML 10 root node The parent of all nodes within a document HTML 941 rounded box, HTML 320–324 adding content, HTML 322–324 div containers, HTML 326–330 rounding values, HTML 646 row, spanning cells, HTML 279 row group An element that allows you to assign a common format to all the rows in a group; HTML supports three row groups: one for header rows, another for body rows, and a third for footer rows HTML 286–288 rule, horizontal, HTML 39–41 run-time error An error that occurs after a script has been successfully loaded and is being executed; occurs when the browser cannot complete a line of code HTML 597–598 Runtime Error dialog box, HTML 600 Rutter, Richard, HTML 146 S sample A measurement of amplitude at a specific moment in a digital sound recording HTML 414 sample resolution Indicates the precision in measuring the sound within each sample HTML 415 sampling rate The number of samples taken per second, measured in kilohertz (kHz) HTML 414 sans-serif font, HTML 142–143 scalable When using relative units, refers to the ability of a page to be rendered the same way no matter what font size is used by the browser HTML 144 Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) A graphic format written with XML that you can use to create line art composed of straight lines and curves HTML 156 scope A property of a variable that indicates where you can reference the variable within the Web page HTML 589 global, HTML 589 local, HTML 589 script, specifying mouse buttons, HTML 901 script element, HTML 569–571 creating, HTML 569–570 placing, HTML 570 scripting transitions, HTML J10–J13 scroll bar, hiding and displaying, HTML 490–491 scrolling marquee, creating with Internet Explorer, HTML 463 search engine, frames, HTML 506 section ID, setting, HTML 964 selection list A control element for long lists of options, usually appearing in a drop-down list box HTML 347, HTML 370–378, HTML 789–793 creating, HTML 373 multiple selections, HTML 377–378 multiple values, HTML 793 option groups, HTML 371–372 size, HTML 372–377 selector, HTML 200–207 applying selector patterns, HTML 205–207 attribute, HTML 203–205 contextual, HTML 201–203 selectPiece() function, HTML 908–910 semantic link A link that contains information about its relationship with its destination HTML 101–102 server A network node that makes information or a service available on the network HTML server-based program, Web forms paired with, HTML 347–348 server-side image map An image map stored on a Web server rather than entered into the HTML code of a Web page; when you click a hotspot on a server-side image map, the coordinates of the mouse click are sent to the server, which activates the corresponding link, downloading the page to your Web browser HTML 88 server-side programming Programming in which a program is placed on the server that hosts a Web site; the program is then used to modify the contents and structure of Web pages HTML 566–567 server-side validation The browser sends a form to the Web server for checking If an error is found, the user is notified and asked to resubmit the form HTML 801 setDate() method, HTML 627 setFullYear() method, HTML 627 setHours() method, HTML 627 setMinutes() method, HTML 627 setSeconds() method, HTML 627 setTime() method, HTML 627 SGML See Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) SGML application A markup language based on the SGML architecture that can be applied to specific, not general, types of information HTML 527 Shadow filter, HTML J4 www.ebook777.com REF 13 Shockwave Flash (swf) A file type that contains the video, audio, animations, interactive scripts, program controls, and other features that provide real-time interactive animation for the viewer HTML 435 showDate() method, HTML 627, HTML 628–629 showTime() method, HTML 627–629 shuffling arrays, HTML 681 sibling folder A folder on the same level of a folder tree HTML 71 site index A page containing an outline of an entire site and its contents HTML 65 62.5% hack, HTML 146 slash (/), division operator, HTML 631 Slide transition, HTML J9 sliding menu A menu that is partially hidden either off the Web page or behind another object HTML 760–761 SND file format, HTML 416 sorting arrays, HTML 680–681 source document, expanding and collapsing, HTML 975–980 spacing, HTML 146–149 spam Unsolicited e-mail sent to large numbers of people, promoting products, services, and in some cases pornographic Web sites HTML 98, HTML 564 spammer A person who sends unsolicited e-mails, sometimes in bulk e-mailings involving tens of thousands of recipients HTML 564 spanning cell A single cell that occupies more than one row or one column in a table HTML 279–284 sparse array An array such as the x array with several missing or null items HTML 678–679 special character, HTML 45–47 specific font A font that is installed on a user’s computer, such as Times New Roman HTML 140 Spiral transition, HTML J9 splash screen A Web page containing interesting animation or graphics that introduces a Web site HTML 154–155 Split Horizontal In transition, HTML J8 Split Horizontal Out transition, HTML J8 Split Vertical In transition, HTML J8 Split Vertical Out transition, HTML J8 stacking elements, HTML 238–239 Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) The first popular markup language; SGML is device- and system-independent and is used to create other markup languages HTML 5, HTML 526–527 standard input A method for receiving data into a program HTML 391 standards mode One of the two modes a browser can work in; in standards mode, the browser interprets all CSS styles in accord with a strict interpretation of the CSS guidelines HTML 173 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com REF 14 New Perspectives Series statement A single line that indicates an action for the browser to take HTML 571 conditional See conditional statement storyboard A diagram of a Web site’s structure, showing all the pages in the site and indicating how they are linked together HTML 62 Stretch transition, HTML J9 strict DTD One of the three DTDs used with XHTML 1.0; does not allow any presentational features or deprecated HTML elements and attributes, and does not support frames or inline frames; best used for documents that must strictly conform to the latest standards HTML 533, HTML 534–536 target attribute, HTML 533, HTML 534–536, HTML 550 String object An object that stores a text value HTML 807–808 methods, HTML 810–815 Strips Left Down transition, HTML J8 Strips Left Up transition, HTML J8 Strips Right Down transition, HTML J8 Strips Right Up transition, HTML J8 Strips transition, HTML J9 strongly typed language A language that forces the programming to explicitly identify a variable’s data type HTML 581 style A formatting rule written in a separate language from HTML telling the browser how to render an element for particular devices HTML applying, HTML 129 applying to element class, HTML 214–215 applying to specific ID, HTML 134 background, HTML 161 CSS, object properties, HTML 741–742 filters See filter handheld devices, HTML 255 JavaScript methods for changing, HTML 742 lists, HTML 207–210, HTML 211 media, HTML 243 pages, HTML 248–250 table captions, HTML 310–311 table rows and columns, HTML 304–306 style attribute, HTML 34–36 style comment, HTML 128–129 style inheritance The rule that specifies how styles are passed down from the more general levels to the more specific, when there is no conflict HTML 134 style precedence The rule that determines which style is applied when one or more styles conflict HTML 132–134 style sheet A set of declarations describing the layout and appearance of a document HTML 124 See also Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) alternate, HTML 984 embedded, HTML 126–127 external See external style sheet initializing, HTML 990–991 link element, HTML 986–990 media, HTML 243–245 persistent, HTML 984 preferred, HTML 984 retrieving style sheet values, HTML 763 rules, HTML 993 styleSheets object collection, HTML 992–993 switching between, HTML 991–992 XHTML, HTML 552–553 styleSheets object collection, HTML 993–994 subarray A section of an array HTML 681 submit button A control element that submits a form to the server for processing when clicked HTML 385–387 substring A longer text string HTML 811 extracting data, HTML 843–844 extracting from URLs, HTML 842–843 matching, HTML 819–829 subtraction assignment operator (-+), HTML 633 summary, Web tables, HTML 290–291 SVG (SVG) See Scalable Vector Graphics Switch statement, HTML 697–698 switching between style sheets, HTML 991–992 synchronous Communication in which the Web client or browser must wait on the response from the Web server before it can continue HTML K2–K3 syntax, JavaScript, HTML 575–576 system-independent Documents, such as those written in SGML, that can in theory be used under almost any type of operating system HTML 526 T t, escape sequences, HTML 828 tab secondary, opening, HTML 99–100 specifying order, HTML 380 tabbed menu Several menus stacked on the page with one part of each menu visible to the user HTML 762 table data cell A cell that is marked with the tag and is used for any content that is not considered a heading HTML 275–276 table frame An attribute that specifies which sides of a table (or which sides of the table cells) will have borders HTML 296 table heading Cells that identify the contents of a row or column; most browsers display headings in a bold font, centered within the table cell HTML 274–275 table of contents, dynamic, HTML 935–994 creating heading element list, HTML 948–953 dynamic content, HTML 938–939 See dynamic content; node expanding and collapsing source document, HTML 975–980 inserting links, HTML 965–967 nested list See nested list plus/minus boxes, HTML 969–973 section heading IDs, HTML 964 style sheets, HTML 982–993 testing, HTML 980–981 table rule An attribute that specifies how the internal gridlines are drawn within a table HTML 296–297 tag The core building block of HTML; marks the presence of an element HTML closing, HTML comment, HTML 13 one-sided, HTML 38 opening, HTML target attribute, HTML 392 XHTML, HTML 549–550 target phase Under the W3C event model, the phase in which the event reaches the object from which the event originated HTML 872 text aligning vertically, HTML 152 CSS See Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) entering in rounded box, HTML 322–324 preformatted, HTML 291 text area box A control element that allows for extended text entries HTML 380–383 creating, HTML 381–382 formatting, HTML 382–383 text area, HTML 347 wrap attribute, HTML 380–381 text string Any group of characters, such as “Hello” or “Happy Holidays!” or “421 Sunrise Lane.”, HTML 580, HTML 806–818 calculating length, HTML 808–810 converting between numbers and, HTML 644–645 formatting, HTML 817–818 grouping, HTML 830 specifying alternate patterns, HTML 829–830 String object, HTML 807–808 String object methods, HTML 810–815 text-based browser The earliest kind of browser, limited to displaying only text HTML this keyword The JavaScript keyword that references the currently active object in the Web browser HTML 749–752 event propagation, HTML 882 thisDate methods, HTML 625–626 tiling The process of a browser repeating an image in both the vertical and the horizontal directions until the background of the entire element is filled HTML 158 time-delayed command A command that is run after a specified amount of time has passed HTML 652, HTML 654 timed-interval command A command that instructs the browser to run the same command repeatedly at specified intervals HTML 652–654 title, HTML document, HTML 12–13 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, & DHTML—Comprehensive toExponential() method, HTML 645 toFixed() method, HTML 644, HTML 645, HTML 646 toggleMode() function, HTML 906–908, HTML 911–912 toggling between modes in jigsaw puzzle, HTML 906–908, HTML 911–912 tooltip Descriptive text that appears when a user positions the mouse pointer over a link HTML 100–101 toPrecision() method, HTML 645 tracking A typographic feature that refers to the amount of space between words HTML 146–147 tracking mouse movements, HTML 894 traditional binding The application of an event handler as an object property HTML 869 transition A visual effect that is applied to an object over an interval of time HTML J7–J13 blend, HTML J7 interpage, HTML J12–J13 reveal, HTML J7 running, HTML J10–J12 scripting, HTML J10–J13 transitional DTD One of the three DTDs used with XHTML 1.0; supports many of the presentational features of HTML, including the deprecated elements and attributes; best used for older documents that contain deprecated features HTML 533–534 transparent color A color that is not displayed when an image is viewed in an application HTML 154 two-sided tag A tag that has an opening and a closing tag to mark the content’s beginning and end HTML U unary operator An operator that works on only one operand; can make code more compact and efficient HTML 631–632 Unicode The most extended character set, which can be used for any of the world’s languages, supporting up to 65,536 symbols HTML 43 Uniform Resource Locator (URL) Specifies the precise location of a resource on the Internet HTML 89–90 converting e-mail message to, HTML 95–97 extracting substrings, HTML 842–843 unordered list An HTML list format in which the items not need to occur in any special order HTML 23, HTML 26–27 unparsed character data (CDATA) Text that is not processed by the browser or parser; you can use any character without worrying about it being misinterpretedbrowsers and parsers essentially ignore it HTML 553 URL See Uniform Resource Locator (URL) UTF-8 The most commonly used character set on the Web; a compressed version of Unicode HTML 43 V valid Describes a well-formed document that also contains only approved elements, attributes, and other features of the language HTML 532 HTML documents, HTML 532–539 validating financial data See credit card number validation, forms See form validation validation testing XHTML strict, HTML 547–552 XHTML transitional, HTML 542–547 value assigning to a variable, HTML 578–580 Boolean, HTML 580 function to return, HTML 588–589 null, HTML 580–581 numeric, HTML 580 value property, option button, HTML 794 variable A named item in a program that stores information HTML 578–583 assigning values, HTML 578–580 data types, HTML 580–583 date and time, creating, HTML 623 declaring, HTML 578 global, HTML 589 local, HTML 589 scope, HTML 589 VBScript The Internet Explorer scripting language HTML 569 vertical alignment, HTML, HTML 298–299 Vertical Blinds transition, HTML J8 vertical-align style, HTML 152 video, digital See digital video W WAN See Wide Area Network (WAN) WAV file format, HTML 416 Wave filter, HTML J3, HTML J4 W3C See World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) W3C DOM All of the DOM levels released and supported by the W3C HTML 734 W3C event model The event model developed by the W3C and supported by Firefox, Netscape, Safari, Opera, and other major browsers HTML 876 listening for events, HTML 872 tracking mouse movements, HTML 894 weakly typed language A language in which variables are not strictly tied to specific data types; JavaScript is an example HTML 581 Web See World Wide Web (Web) www.ebook777.com REF 15 Web browser A program that retrieves a Web page from a server and renders the page on a computer or other device HTML 3–4 frame-blind, supporting, HTML 502–506 non-JavaScript, HTML 577 Web page A document on the World Wide Web HTML password-protected, HTML 66–67 publishing, HTML 48 Web site structure, HTML 62–67 Web server A computer that stores and makes Web pages available to any device connected to the Internet HTML Web site id attribute, HTML 74–77 linking to, HTML 90–92 managing, HTML 73 Web site structure, HTML 62–67 hierarchical, HTML 64 linear, HTML 63 mixed, HTML 64–66 protected, HTML 66–67 Web table, HTML 271–331 adding summary, HTML 290–291 applying table styles to other page elements, HTML 311–312 borders, HTML 277–279 captions, HTML 284–286 column groups, HTML 288–290 controversy over table layouts, HTML 324–326 defining structure, HTML 277 div containers, HTML 326–330 formatting See formatting tables with CSS; formatting tables with HTML attributes headings, HTML 274–275 page layout See page layout preformatted text, HTML 291 row groups, HTML 286–288 spanning cells, HTML 279–284 table data, HTML 275–276 well formed Describes an XML document that employs the correct syntax HTML 530–532 Wheel transition, HTML J9 While loop, HTML 689–690 white space Blank spaces, tabs, and line breaks within an HTML text file, not displayed by browsers HTML 19–20 wide area network (WAN) A network that covers a wide area, such as several buildings or cities; typically consists of two or more local area networks connected together; the largest WAN is the Internet HTML widow A few ending lines of an element that appear at the top of a page HTML 251 width box model width styles, HTML 171–173 CSS, HTML 236–237, HTML 306–309 div container, HTML 176–177 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com REF 16 New Perspectives Series embedded object, HTML 419–420 frame borders, HTML 507–509 input box on forms, HTML 361–363 input boxes, HTML 361–363 tables, HTML 294–295 window, secondary, opening, HTML 99–100 Windows Media Player, HTML 443–445 embedding, HTML 444–445 parameters, HTML 422, HTML 445 Wipe Down transition, HTML J8 Wipe Left transition, HTML J8 Wipe Right transition, HTML J8 Wipe Up transition, HTML J8 WMA file format, HTML 416 word In regular expressions, a series of word characters HTML 822 word character Any letter, number, or underscore HTML 822 World Wide Web (Web) An interface designed to make the resources of the Internet accessible to the general public HTML history, HTML 2–4 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) A group of Web developers, programmers, and authors who set the standards or specifications that all browser manufacturers follow; the W3C has no enforcement power, but because a uniform language is in everyone’s best interest, the recommendations are usually followed, though not always right away HTML writing JavaScript output to Web documents, HTML 571–575 document.write() method, HTML 573–575 X XHTML See Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) XHTML 1.0, HTML 528 XHTML 1.1, HTML 528 modules, HTML 528–529 XHTML 2.0 A version of XHTML still in the draft stage; it has proved to be controversial because it is not backward-compatible with earlier versions of HTML and XHTML HTML 7, HTML 528 XHTML 5.0 A working draft of HTML in the draft stage; it provides greater support for emerging online technology while still providing support for older browsers HTML 7, HTML 528 XHTML document, HTML 530–554 attribute minimization, HTML 532 namespace declaration, HTML 539–541 style sheets, HTML 552–553 testing under XHTML strict, HTML 547–552 testing under XHTML transitional, HTML 542–547 valid, HTML 532–539 well-formed, HTML 530–532 XML prologs, HTML 530 XML See Extensible Markup Language (XML) XML parser A program that checks a document for errors in syntax and content, and reports any errors it finds HTML 530–531 JavaScript, HTML 571 XML prolog, HTML 530 XMLHttpRequest methods, HTML K6–K7 XMLHttpRequest object, HTML K5–K6 XMLHttpRequest properties, HTML K7–K9 Xray filter, HTML J4 Y YouTube, embedded video, HTML 453 Z ZigZag transition, HTML J9 zip code, validating using regular expressions, HTML 834–835 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Some of the exercises in this book require that you begin by opening a Data File Follow one of the procedures below to obtain a copy of the Data Files you need Instructors Students ■ The Data Files are on the Instructor Resources CD under the category Data Files for Students, which you can copy to your school’s network for student use ■ Download the Data Files via the Internet by following the instructions below ■ Contact us via e-mail at ct.reply@cengage.com ■ Call Course Technology’s Customer Service Department for fast and efficient delivery of the Data Files if you not have access to a CD-ROM drive ■ Check with your instructor to determine the best way to obtain copies of the Data Files ■ Download the Data Files via the Internet by following the instructions below ■ It is recommended that you store all your Data Files on a USB drive for maximum efficiency in organizing and working with the files Instructions for Downloading the Data Files from the Internet Start your browser and enter the URL http://www.cengage.com/coursetechnology When the cengage.com/coursetechnology Web site opens, enter the author, title, keyword, or ISBN in the appropriate text box, and then click the Search button If necessary, from the Search results page, select the title of the text you are using When the textbook page opens, click the "About this Book" link for the Student, point to Student downloads to expand the menu, and then click the appropriate data files link If the File Download – Security Warning dialog box opens, click Save (NOTE: If the Save As dialog box opens, select a folder on your USB drive or hard disk to download the file to Write down the folder name listed in the Save in box and the filename listed in the File name box.) The filename of the compressed file appears in the Save As dialog box (e.g., 9781423925460_Data.exe) Click either the OK button or the Save button, whichever choice your browser gives you When a dialog box opens indicating the download is complete, click the OK button (or the Close button, depending on which operating system you are using) Close your browser Open Windows Explorer and display the contents of the folder to which you downloaded the file Double-click the downloaded filename on the right side of the Windows Explorer window If the Open File – Security Warning dialog box opens, click Run 10 In the WinZip Self-Extractor window, specify the appropriate drive and a folder name to unzip the files to Click Unzip 11 When the WinZip Self-Extractor displays the number of files unzipped, click the OK button Click the Close button in the WinZip Self-Extractor dialog box Close Windows Explorer Macintosh users should use a program to expand WinZip or PKZip archives Students, ask your instructors or lab coordinators for assistance www.ebook777.com ... New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, and Dynamic HTML 4th Edition Comprehensive www.ebook777.com This page intentionally left blank New Perspectives on HTML, XHTML, and Dynamic HTML 4th Edition Comprehensive... HTML and XHTML HTML Tutorial Objectives Developing a Web Page Session 1.1 • Learn the history of the Web and HTML • Describe HTML standards and specifications • Understand HTML elements and markup... ADD HTML, XHTML, and DHTML HTML, XHTML, and DHTML—Level IV Tutorials Tutorial 11 Working with Operators and Expressions Creating a New Year’s Day Countdown Clock HTML 617 Tutorial