Test bank auditing and assurance principles by arens, elder beasley chapter 26

Chapter 26 Multiple-Choice Questions easy b The IIA Code of Ethics is based on all but which of the following ethical principles? a Integrity b Independence c Competency d Confidentiality easy c Statements on Internal Auditing Standards are issued by the: a AICPA b SEC c Internal Auditing Standards Boards d Auditing Standards Boards easy c Internal auditors are responsible to: a the board of directors b management c both a and b d neither a nor b easy a Which of the following is not a similarity between external and internal auditors? a Both must be independent of the company b Both must be competent c Both use similar methodologies in performing their work d Both consider risk and materiality in their work easy d External auditors consider internal auditors effective if they are: a independent of the operating units being evaluated b competent and well trained c have performed relevant audit tests of the internal controls and financial statements d all of the above easy d Auditing standards _ external auditors to use the internal auditors for direct assistance on the audit a discourage b prohibit c encourage d permit easy b The primary source of authoritative literature for doing government audits is the: a Purple Book b Yellow Book c Green Book d Red Book Arens/Elder/Beasley easy c a When a state or local government agency receives federal financial assistance, it is subject to the audit requirements of: a b c d Yellow Book Yes No Yes Yes Single Audit Act Yes No Yes No OMB Circular A-133 No Yes Yes No easy c Which of the following is not one of the broad categories of operational audits? a Functional audits b Organizational audits c Single Audit Act audits d Special assignment audits 10 easy d Which of the following groups could not be involved in an operational audit? a CPA firms b Internal auditors c Government auditors d None of the above answers is correct; that is, all of the above could be involved 11 easy b The IIA’s professional practice framework (including its code of ethics and International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing) is commonly referred to as the: a Blue Book b Red Book c Green Book d Yellow Book 12 easy b The professional organization which is responsible for providing guidance for internal auditors is the: a APA b IIA c ABA d AIA 13 easy d The financial auditing standards of the Yellow Book are the 10 GAAS of the AICPA a the same as b quite different from c incompatible with d consistent with 14 easy b Which of the following is not one of the three phases in an operational audit? a Planning b Training and supervising employees c Evidence accumulation and evaluation d Reporting and follow-up 15 medium a The correct title of the Yellow Book is: a Government Auditing Standards b IIA Practice Standards c Statement of Responsibilities of Internal Auditing d Statement of Standards on Accounting and Review Services 16 The Yellow Book recognizes that, because of the sensitivity of government activities and their Arens/Elder/Beasley medium b public accountability, in government audits the thresholds of acceptable audit risk and tolerable misstatement compared to an audit of a commercial enterprise may be: a equal b lower c higher d indeterminable 17 medium b The Single Audit Act requires that an audit be conducted for recipients who receive total federal funds in any fiscal year of: a $1,000,000 or more b $500,000 or more c $300,000 or more d $100,000 or more 18 medium b An audit conducted in accordance with the Yellow Book must include an audit report that states the audit was performed in accordance with: a GAAS b GAGAS c GASA d SAS 19 medium d An audit designed to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of an organization or some part of an organization would not be called a(n): a performance audit b management audit c operational audit d compliance audit 20 medium c Which of the following is not one of the major differences between financial and operational auditing? a The financial audit is oriented to the past, but an operational audit concerns performance for the future b The financial audit report is distributed to many readers, but the operational audit report goes to a few managers c Financial audits deal with the information on the financial statements, but operational audits are concerned with the information in the ledgers d Financial audits are limited to matters that directly affect the financial statements, but operational audits cover any aspect of efficiency and effectiveness 21 medium d Before an operational audit for effectiveness can be performed, there must be: a a financial audit by an independent auditor b a financial audit by an internal auditor c a review performed by either an independent or an internal auditor d specific criteria developed to define effectiveness 22 medium d Auditors involved in planning, performing, or reporting on audits under GAGAS must complete hours of continuing professional education in each two-year period a 20 b 40 c 60 d 80 23 medium Which of the following statements regarding types of operational audits is false? a A functional audit has the advantage of permitting specialization by auditors Arens/Elder/Beasley b b c d An advantage of functional auditing is its ability to evaluate interrelated functions The emphasis in an organizational audit is on how efficiently and effectively functions interact Special operational auditing assignments arise at the request of management 24 medium b The two most important qualities for an operational auditor are: a personality and appearance b independence and competence c competence and technical training d academic background and sufficient experience 25 medium a Which of the following is not a difference between operational auditing and financial auditing? a Both must be CPAs b Operational audit reports are usually of a restricted distribution while financial audit reports are widely distributed c Operational audits often cover non-financial issues while financial audits not d None of the above is a difference 26 medium c A typical objective of an operational audit is to determine whether an entity’s: a internal control is adequately operating as designed b financial statements present fairly the results of operations c specific operating units are functioning efficiently and effectively b operational information is in accordance with generally accepted government auditing standards 27 Which of the following can affect the independence of operational auditors? medium d a b c d Responsibilities Yes No No Yes Reporting Structure No No Yes Yes 28 challenging d Which is not a purpose of an economy and efficiency audit? a Whether the entity is acquiring, protecting, and using resources economically and efficiently b The causes of inefficiencies and uneconomical practices c Whether the entity has complied with laws and regulations concerning matters of economy and efficiency d Each of the above is a purpose 29 challenging d A(n) _ audit emphasizes how efficiently and effectively functions interact a operational b compliance c financial d organizational 30 challenging b Which of the following is not a purpose of a program audit as performed by government auditors? a Determination of the extent to which the desired results established by the legislature are being achieved b Determination of the causes of inefficiencies in sponsored programs c Determination of the effectiveness of organizations, programs and activities Arens/Elder/Beasley d Determination as to whether the entity has complied with laws and regulations applicable to the program 31 challenging c What distinguishes internal control evaluation and testing for financial and operational auditing? a Purpose of the work b Scope of the work c Both a and b d Neither a nor b 32 challenging c Of the many hours of continuing professional education required every two years, how many must be in subjects related to the government environment and government auditing for auditors involved in planning, performing and reporting on audits under GAGAS? a hours b 16 hours c 24 hours d 32 hours 33 Challenging b To be effective, an internal audit department must report to: Operating departments Yes No Yes No a b c d 34 challenging d The accounting department Yes No No Yes External financial statement auditors must obtain evidence regarding what attributes of an internal audit department if the external auditors intend to rely on the internal auditor’s work? a b c d Independence from the Audit Committee Yes No Yes No Competence Yes No No Yes Essay Questions 35 easy What organization establishes auditing standards for internal auditors and what are those standards commonly called? Answer: Auditing standards for internal auditors are established by the Internal Auditing Standards Board They are commonly known as the “Red Book.” 36 medium What are several similarities between internal and external auditors? Answer:  Both must be competent as auditors and remain objective in performing their work and reporting their results  Both follow a similar methodology in performing their audits, including planning and performing tests of controls and substantive tests  Both consider risk and materiality in deciding the extent of their tests and evaluating results However, their decisions about materiality and risks may differ, because Arens/Elder/Beasley external users may have different needs than management or the board 37 medium External auditors typically consider internal auditors effective if they meet three criteria What are these criteria? Answer: External auditors typically consider internal auditors effective if they are:  Independent of the operating units being evaluated  Competent and well-trained  Have performed relevant audit tests of the internal controls and financial statements 38 medium How the risk and materiality thresholds change in a government audit compared to a financial statement audit of a public company? Answer: The Yellow Book recognizes that in government audits the thresholds of acceptable audit risk and materiality may be lower than in an audit of a commercial enterprise This is because of the sensitivity of government activities and their public accountability 39 medium Discuss each of the three phases of an operational audit Answer:  Planning In the planning phase, the auditor must determine the scope of the engagement, staff the engagement, obtain background information about the organizational unit, understand internal control, and decide on the appropriate evidence to accumulate  Evidence accumulation and evaluation In operational auditing, it is common to use documentation, client inquiry, and observation extensively, while confirmation and reperformance are used less extensively for most operational audits than for financial audits  Reporting and follow-up The audit report is tailored to address the scope of the audit, findings, and recommendations and is typically sent only to management When recommendations are made to management, follow-up is done to determine whether the recommended changes were made, and if not, why 40 medium The Institute of Internal Auditors has established Ethical Principles for its members List each of the principles Answer: The IIA’s ethical principles are:  Integrity  Objectivity  Confidentiality  Competency 41 medium Define internal auditing Answer: Arens/Elder/Beasley According to the IIA: “Internal auditing is an independent, objective assurance and consulting activity designed to add value and improve an organization’s operations It helps an organization accomplish its objectives by bringing a systematic, disciplined approach to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of risk management, control, and governance processes.” 42 medium Discuss three major differences between operational and financial auditing Answer:  Purpose of the audit Financial auditing emphasizes whether historical information was correctly recorded, whereas operational auditing emphasizes effectiveness and efficiency  Distribution of the reports For financial auditing, the report typically goes to many users of financial statements, such as stockholders and bankers, whereas operational audit reports are intended primarily for management  Inclusion of nonfinancial areas in operational auditing Operational audits cover any aspect of efficiency and effectiveness in an organization, whereas financial audits are limited to matters that directly affect the fairness of financial statement presentations 43 medium Discuss each of the three broad categories (types) of operational audits Answer:  Functional A functional audit deals with auditing one or more functions (e.g., purchasing) in an organization  Organizational An organizational audit deals with an entire organizational unit, such as a department, branch, or subsidiary  Special assignments Special assignments audits arise at the request of management when there is a need to investigate a particular area, such as investigating the possibility of fraud in a division, or determining the cause of an ineffective EDP system 44 medium Operational auditing is the review of an organization for efficiency and effectiveness Discuss what is meant by the terms “effectiveness” and “efficiency.” Answer:  Effectiveness refers to the degree to which the organization’s objectives and goals are accomplished  Efficiency refers to the degree to which costs are reduced without reducing effectiveness 45 challenging Audit tests as required by the Single Audit Act must meet several specific objectives One objective is to determine “whether the amounts reported as expenditures were for allowable services.” Identify three other specific objectives Answer:  Whether the records show that those who received services or benefits were eligible to receive them  Whether matching requirements, levels of effort, and earmarking limitations were met Arens/Elder/Beasley   46 challenging Whether federal financial reports and claims for advances and reimbursements contain information that is supported by the books and records from which the basic financial statements have been prepared Whether amounts claimed or used for matching were determined in accordance with OMB Circular A-87 and OMB Circular A-102 The auditing standards of the Yellow Book are consistent with the ten generally accepted auditing standards of the AICPA There are, however, important additions/modifications in the Yellow Book For example, the Yellow Book recognizes that materiality and risk are lower due to the nature of the government enterprise Discuss the other additions/modifications Answer:  Quality control Auditors of government entities must have an appropriate system of internal quality control and participate in an external quality control review program  Compliance auditing The audit should be designed to provide reasonable assurance of detecting material misstatements resulting from noncompliance with provisions of contracts or grant agreements that have a material and direct effect on the financial statements  Reporting The report on financial statements must describe the scope of the auditors’ testing of compliance with laws and regulations and internal controls and present the results of those tests, or refer to a separate report containing that information 47 challenging In addition to an opinion on whether the financial statements are in accordance with GAAP, identify four other reports required by the OMB Circular A-133 Answer: The following reports are required:     An opinion as to whether the schedule of federal awards is presented fairly in all material respects in relation to the financial statements as a whole A report on internal control related to the financial statements and major programs A report on compliance with laws, regulations, and the provisions of contracts or grant agreements, noncompliance with which could have a material effect on the financial statements This report can be combined with the report on internal control A schedule of findings and questioned costs Other Objective Answer Format Questions 48 medium Match seven of the terms (a-o) with the descriptions/definitions provided below (1-7): a b c d e f g h i j k Arens/Elder/Beasley Compliance audit Economy and efficiency audit Effectiveness Efficiency Functional audit Government Auditing Standards Government audit Institute of Internal Auditors Operational auditing Organizational audit Program audit l m n o Single Audit Act Special assignment IIA Practice Standards Statements on Internal Auditing Standards f The official title of the Yellow Book m A management request for an operational audit for a specific purpose, such as investigating the possibility of fraud in a division or making recommendations for reducing the cost of a manufactured product b A government audit to determine whether an entity is acquiring, protecting, and using its resources economically and efficiently and whether the entity has complied with laws and regulations concerning such matters c The degree to which the organization’s objectives are accomplished i The review of an organization for efficiency and effectiveness l Federal legislation that provides for a single coordinated audit to satisfy the audit requirements of all federal funding agencies o Statements issued by the Internal Auditing Standards Board of the IIA to provide authoritative interpretation of the IIA Practice Standards 49 easy b Independence is a fundamental ethical principle for internal auditors a True b False 50 easy b Current professional auditing standards prohibit external auditors from using internal auditors for direct assistance on external audits a True b False 51 easy b Current professional auditing standards require external auditors to use internal auditors for direct assistance on external audits a True b False 52 easy a The objectives of internal auditors are considerably broader than the objectives of external auditors a True b False 53 easy a For financial auditing, the audit report typically goes to many users of financial statements, whereas operational audit reports are intended primarily for management a True b False 54 easy a Integrity is one of the IIA’s ethical principles a True b False 55 easy b Operational audits are primarily geared toward compliance a True b False Arens/Elder/Beasley 56 easy b Effectiveness refers to the degree to which costs are reduced without reducing efficiency a True b False 57 easy a Efficiency refers to the degree to which costs are reduced without reducing effectiveness a True b False 58 easy b Internal auditing standards are included in the Yellow Book a True b False 59 easy a Government auditing standards are included in the Yellow Book a True b False 60 easy a Effectiveness is concerned with whether defined goals are achieved, whereas efficiency is concerned with whether the goals are achieved with a minimum use of resources a True b False 61 easy b Operational audits may be performed by internal auditors and government auditors, but not by external auditors a True b False Benchmarking is one source of evaluation criteria for completing an operational audit a True b False 62 easy a 63 easy a The two most important qualities for an internal auditor to possess are independence and competence a True b False 64 easy b Program audits are primarily focused on inefficient uses of federal funds in sponsored programs a True b False 65 easy a The formal name of the Yellow Book is Government Auditing Standards a True b False 66 medium a Professional guidelines for performing internal audits for companies are not as well-defined as for external audits a True b False 67 medium b To help them remain independent of the operations they audit, internal auditors should report directly to the controller a True b False 68 medium An operational auditor may use “engineered standards” as evaluation criteria a True Arens/Elder/Beasley a b 69 medium a The Internal Auditing Standards Board issues Statements on Internal Auditing Standards a True b False 70 medium a Operational audits are often categorized as functional, organizational, or special assignments a True b False 71 medium b Internal auditors should have the authority to require implementation of suggestions for improvement a True b False 72 medium b The “Red Book” specifies all auditing standards issued by the U.S General Accounting Office a True b False 73 challenging a One disadvantage of functional auditing is the failure to evaluate interrelated functions a True b False Arens/Elder/Beasley False ... establishes auditing standards for internal auditors and what are those standards commonly called? Answer: Auditing standards for internal auditors are established by the Internal Auditing Standards... their audits, including planning and performing tests of controls and substantive tests  Both consider risk and materiality in deciding the extent of their tests and evaluating results However,... use “engineered standards” as evaluation criteria a True Arens /Elder/ Beasley a b 69 medium a The Internal Auditing Standards Board issues Statements on Internal Auditing Standards a True b False