New success intermediate workbook

This is a useful guide for practice full problems of english, you can easy to learn and understand all of issues of related english full problems. The more you study, the more you like it for sure because if its values.

CONTENTS

Exam strategies

Functions bank

Unit 1 One ofthe gang

Unit 2 Keep in touch

Self-Assessment Test 1 Units 1-2

Unit 3 Outside the law?

Unit 4 His and hers

Self-Assessment Test 2 Units 3-4

Unit 5 What a disaster!

Unit 6 Animal magic

Self-Assessment Test 3 Units 5-6

Unit 7 Nobody ' s perfect

Unit 8 Getting away

Self-Assessment Test 4 Units 7-8

Unit 9 Feelings

Unit 10 True art

Self-Assessment Test 5 Units 9-lO

Unit 11 Looking good

Unit 12 The hard sell

Self-Assessment Test 6 Units 11-12

Exam Vocabulary

Exam Vocabulary Practice

Exam Vocabulary Practice: Answer Key

Self-Assessment Tests: Answer Key

Self-Assessment Tests: Tapescripts

Exam strategies

The New Success Workbook provides p r actice

with the most typical exam tasks found in upper

secondary school-leaving exams as we ll as exams

like PET, KET, FeE, Trinity and PTE (Pea r son

Test of English) Th e exercises are graded to

intermediate level to help st ud ents familiarise

themse l ves with exam task types The New

Success Workbook includes exercises that will

help yo u prepare for all parts of a typical exam:

Li stening co mpr e h ension, Reading comprehension,

Grarnrnar/Use of Englis h Speaking and W r iting

Listening comprehension

General guidelines

Always

• read the in structio n s car efull y before

list e ning to a r eco rdin g for the fir st time

Try to pr edict w hat kind of inform atio n yo u

might h ea r

• look a t the qu estions and mark yo ur answers

when listening f o r t h e first t im e

• read t hrough all the questions again before

the second li stening, paying spec ial attention

to the questions you didn't answer during

the fi rst li stening

Don't

• panic if you don't und erstand everyt hi ng

You don't h ave to understand t he whole text

to be able to find the co rr ect answer to a

question Try to get t h e main ide a of a text

and wo rk out the meaning of words you d on't

kno w from the context

• spe nd too much time thinking about

questions yo u are not able to answer - you

can co me back to t ho se during your seco nd

li ste ning

• l eave any questions unanswered If you are

not sure - make a guess

TruelFalse (e.g page 1 8, exe r cise 2; page 50,

exercise 2; page 66, exerc i se 2; page 82,

exercise 2)

• The questions are usually give n in t h e same

order as the information in t h e text

• When deciding whether a sentence is true or

false, take into account what you actually hear

and not w h at you know or think

• So me times you need to refer to the who l e

recording to answer a questio n , particularly

w h e n a n swe rin g a question about the speaker's

or there might be no inf o rma t on regarding t h e stateme nt in t h e listening task

Multiple choice (e.g page 34, exercise 2;

page 50, exercise 1 ; page 87, exercise 6; page 98, exerc i se 2)

• The q estio n s a r e u sua ll y given in the same orde r as the information in the text

• While listening for the first time, make notes of possible answers Then compare them to the options you have been g i ven and choose the most similar

• Some incorrect options sound very similar to t h e information in the recording - b e careful and pay spec i al attention to synonyms and antonyms

• Sometimes the information n eeded to answer

a question i s not directly give n , you may have to work it out on the bas i s of w hat you have h eard

If you are not s ur e w hi ch answer is co rr ect, try to

c h oose it by eliminating the incorrect answers

Matching (e.g page 1 8, exercise 2; page 98, exe r c i se 1 )

• If you h ave to find out who a person is or w h e r e the r ecording takes p l ace, concent r ate o n typical

ph r ases w hi ch r elate to the perso n or place

Somet im es one cha r acteristic phrase will h e lp you choose the right answer

• If you n eed to match a textJpassage to a summaris in g se nt enceit itl eiheadline, try to summarise the main idea yourse lf and then choose t h e answer that i s the most similar

Answering questions

• R ea d t h e qu est i ons ca r e full y before you start

li ste nin g, and try to predict possible answers

• Yo u are usually required to answer each question with no more than three words

• The questions are u sua ll y given in t h e same order as the informat i on in the text

Completing sentences (e.g page 66, exe r cise 1)

• Th e gapped sentences are given in the same order as the information in the text

• Read the sentences carefully before you start listening and try to predict what kind of information you should be looking for Usually, the words that you need t o comp l ete the gaps are exactly the same as the wo r ds used in the text

• If the rubrics specify t h e numb er of words you should write, make sure your answers are t h e right length

• R e m embe r t h at yo ur answer must be m eaningful and granunatica ll y correct

3

Reading

General guidelines

Always

• read th e instructions before doing the task

The task will affect the way you read the

text

• try to work out what kind of text it is - it

may give yo u some ideas of what to expect

• read key information first A title helps to

decide o n a general idea of the text and

th e frrst sentence of each paragraph often

sununarises the w hole paragraph

• u derline parts of t he text rel evant to the

questions (single words, phrases, sentences,

paragraphs)

Don't

• try to under sta nd every single word of a

text You don't have to know all the words

to answer the questions You may be able to

guess the meaning of new words from the

context

• leave any questions unanswe r ed - if you are

not s ure, make a guess

• spend too much time on one specific

exercise - your time in the exam is limited

TruelFalse (page 59, exe rcise 3; page 74,

exercise 3)

• Read the questions ca refully before you read t h e

text Then skim the text to get a general idea of

w h ere the information is

• Different questions will require different reading

strategies For examp l e, you may need to foc u s

on just one phrase or you may need to interpret

the meaning of a w hole paragraph

• If you don't find information confrrming that a

particular sentence is true, mark it as false

TrueIFalselNo Information

• Follow the guidelines for a True/False task, but

remember that this time you have three options

to choose from: a statement could be true

(include the same information as the text), false

(include information differ ent from th e text) or

there might be no information at all regarding

the statement in th e text

Multiple choice (page 12, exercise 2; page 27, exerc i se 3; page 44, exerc ise 1)

• Identify the parts of the text that your questions refer to

• Focu s on the detail of a paragraph or sentence

An incorrect answer may only differ from the correct one in the tense that is used , slightly different information or information that only partl y corresponds with the text

• Eliminate incorrect answers and then mark your fmal answer

Matching (page 12 , exercise 1; page 27, exercise 2; page 44, exercise 2; page 45, exercise 3; page 59, exercise 2)

• While matching headlines to a text, always read all the headline s first and then match them to the rel evant parts of the text

• While matching questions to a text, t r y to find the place in the text where there is the answer

to a particular question

• Remember that this kind of exercise may include (an) extra sentence(s),.so you will have to eliminate unnecessar y items

• When you match missing sentences to gaps in the text, skim the text first, i gnoring the gaps to get i ts general meaning Then try to complete the gaps with the missing sentences or words, paying special attention to what comes before and after the gaps

Answering questions

• Read th e questions carefu ll y before you start

r ead ing the text, and try to predict possible answers

• You are usually required to answer each question with no more than three words

• The questions are usually g i ven in the same order as the information in the text

• If the rubrics specify the number of words you should write, make sure your answers are the right length

• Remember that your answer must be meaningful and grammatically correct

Writing

You may be r equired to wr it e a short, practical

piece of writing such as a note, an email.an

invitation, an advertisement ancIJor a longer,

practical piece of writing, for example a formal

or an informal letter, a story or a discursive text

The New Success Workbook will help you prepare

for these types of writing tasks

o write a plan detailing information you want

to include in each paragraph If you have

time, write a draft copy or a few key

se n tences

o check that you have included all the

information that is required Use linking

words so that your writing is cohere nt and

logical

o c heck your writing style - have you used

formal or informal language as required?

o check (if it i s a lon ger text) that you have

an introduction, a middle and an end Also,

c heck that you have clearly defined

paragraphs and that you ha ve the correct

number of words

o check your grammar and spelling

Don'!

o write more than the word limit Think about

the number of words you need for each

paragraph when you write your plan

o repeat yourself - try to use varied

vocabulary and grammar structures

Speaking

The New Success Workbook will also prepare you for oral exams The techniques below will h e lp you

to pass your exam successfully

o Try to st ick to the aim of the task Always keep the question in mind when answering

o Do not panic if you cannot remember a word Use a word that has a similar meaning or give a definition or description of the word

o If you do not understand what an examiner has said, ask himJher to repeat himJherself You can also repeat the information you have been g i ven and, in this way, you can make sure that you have understood it correctly

o If you are not ready with your answers and need time to think, use conversational fillers or hesitation devices (well, let me think, erm, )

o Avoid using the same words and structures show that you have a varied vocabulary and can use a range of grammar structures

-o If you are taking the exam with another person, make sure you listen as well as speak - don't dominate the conversation

That may be true, but

You've got a point but

I agree up to a pOint

Disagreeing

I'm sorry but I can't agree with you

I'm afraid I have to disagree

No way!

Come off it!

Asking pOlitely (Unit 2)

Could you (possibly) tell me how much it is?

Do you think it will rain?

I wonder if you could lend me £20?

I was wondering

I'd like to know

Have you any idea ?

Do you (happen to) know ?

Would you mind telling me ?

Giving and justifying opinions (Unit 3)

Everybody knows tha

The reason why is

It's only natural that

I was wondering if I could *

'for formal situations when asking for a big favour

Giving permission

That's fine by me.lNo problem./Sure

Yes, of course.lPlease, do

Unwillingly giving permission

I suppose so

If you must

As long as Refusing permission

I don't think that's a very good idea

I'm afraid you can't

I'm sorry, but

Presentations (Unit 5) Beginning presentations I'd like to begin by ing/l'm going to talk about I've chosen this topic because

Introducing new points Firstly/Secondly/Moving on to /Turning to

Giving yourself time to think Well/RightlSolWhere was 1?lWhat I mean is/The thing is/ You see

Summarising your points Finally/To sum up/Last but not least

Advice (Unit 6) Asking for advice What can/should I do?

What do you think I should do?

I'd really appreciate your advice

I've no idea how/what to

I'm at a loss as to what to do

I'm at my wits' end

Giving advice You should(n't)

You ought (not) to You'd better (not) + * It's a good idea to It's worth + -ing

If I were you, I'd You might find it useful to Why don't you ?

Remember to

'strong advice, similar to ' you have to'

Comparing photos (Unit 7) Saying what is similar and different about both photos Both these photos show

Another similarity is The first one shows , while the other one They have (don't have) a lot in common

As in the first photo, Unlike the first photo,

The difference is that Describing each photo separately

In the first photo/the photo at the top, Turning to the second photo, .lAs for the picture on the right,

Identifying different parts of the photo

In the centre/in the foreground/in the background

On the left/on the right

Saying what is happening in the photo

She's pointing at the car

He looks shocked

There's been an accident

Speculating

Perhaps/probably/maybe

It could be/might be/must be

It looks as if she's fallen off her bike

It doesn't look like a serious accident

Giving yourself time to think

I'm not sure It's hard to say I can't make out

Evaluating options (Unit 8)

Comparing options

Let's compare/look at first

It's far too expensive

It's (not) much cheaper than

It's not as expensive as

It's the least expensive

It's twice/three times as cheap

It's half (oij/a third of the price

Reaching a decision

But look atthe

Don't you think it's too ?

I'm happy to go along with that

I think we can rule out

I think that's a clear decision

is our preferred option

Relating an experience (Unit 9)

Saying when and where it took place

This happened/It was three months ago/during the holidays/

last Christmas

I was at home/walking in the park

Connecting the different parts of your story

At first, , but then

when/as soon as/just before/immediately after

A few months earlier/later/the year before

so/although/because

Saying how you felt

I was so happy

I felt confused/like crying

I thought I was dreaming/going to faint

Using direct and reported speech

She said 'Congratulations!'

She told me she had some good news

Participating in conversations (Unit 10)

Politely interrupting

Excuse me, can I just say something?

That's a good point, but

Do you know what I think/(dis)like/find strange about

Holding attention

Just a second, I haven't finished

Hold on! Let me finish!

Clarifying your message

What I mean is !The thing is

Let me put it another way

Encouraging others to speak What do you think?

Why don't you tell us what you think/your opinion?

Asking for repetition I'm sorry, I didn't get that Could you say it again?

Sorry, I wasn't listening Do you think you could repeat that? Asking for explanation

Do you mean ?/Are you saying ? I'm not sure what you mean

Describing appearance (Unit 11) Age

He is in his teens/(early/mid/late) twenties

He looks middle-aged/elderly

Height/build/figure She's quite tall and slim

Hair She's got beautiful long dark hair

He's got short spiky hair

Striking features He's got dimples and a goatee beard

She's got playful eyes and a cute nose

Clothes She usually wears casual/smart clothes

He's wearing a short-sleeved shirt and jeans

General impression

He looks well-dressed/scruffy

Complaints (Unit 12) Making complaints

It's broken/faulty

It's not working

There's a part missing

It's shrunk.!The dye has run

My order hasn't arrived yet

It's not what I ordered

There's a mistake in the bill

It's too tight/tough/noisy

I'm not satisfied with the service

One of your employees was extremely rude to me

You've forgotten to Responding to complaints Apologising

I'm sorry - there must have been a mistake

It's entirely our fault

I'm very sorry about that

Making offers and promises Would you like a refund?

We'll replace it straightaway

It won't happen again

We'll try to sort it out

Defending yourself Don't blame me! It wasn't my fault

We're trying our best

'1

One of the gang

GRAMMAR

=

Present Simple

We use the Present Simple for

• habits and routines: I go to the tennis club every

Monday The tennis coach doesn't work here in the

winter

• facts: You become a teenager when you are thirteen

Do British people have ID cards?

• generalisations: Lots of young people are sports

fans Teenagers often argue with their parents

State verbs (seem , like, feel etc.) are usually in the

Present Simple:

You seem interested in photography

Do you prefer colour or black and white?

Adverbs of frequency (occasionally , often, never,

always etc.) with the Present Simple show how often

things happen We put them

• before a main verb: He occasionally goes to rock

concerts

• after to be: She is often at home on Sunday

evenings

• between auxiliary (e.g can, do, have) and main

verbs: We don't usually go to away games You can

always get a taxi at the station

Present Continuous

We use the Present Continuous for

• things which are happening now: I'm making

a poster for the school chess club now

She's not sleeping , you can go in

• temporary situations: At the moment , he's working

for a charity Are you staying with your parents until

term starts?

• changing situations: More people are joining

internet forums these days Is the chess club

becoming less popular?

Time expressions (now , these days, at the moment

etc.) usually go at the beginning or end of the

1 Joey sometimes / often meets his friends

2 Joeyalways / usually watches TV

3 Joey usually / sometimes plays basketball

4 Joey occasionally / never does homework Find the errors with the position of the adverbs in the sentences Write a tick for correct sentences and

a cross for incorrect ones

Members of a fan club usually can

My school's societies meet never

2 People don't work usually full-time

3 Always I feel good when I give money

4 Her favourite music is hip hop but she

5 They travel often by coach to away

4 Choose the unnecessary word or phrase in each

sentence

1 At the moment I work very hard every

Saturday

2 She is sometimes living with her aunt until

she goes back to London

3 We're not always going shopping much these

days

4 I e ery weekend go for a long ride on

Sundays

5 She now is talking to him now

6 He sometimes has no time right now so you

can't talk to him

5 Complete the sentences with the correct alternatives

People often _ _ a club to make new

friends

a are joining c join

b joins d aren't joining

2 At the moment, I _ _ lots of new friends

a make c 'm making

b 's making d makes

3 _ _ you _ _ the supporters club's

Internet address?

a Are knowing c Can know

b Does know d Do know

4 He always _ _ the club's newsletter

a writes c write

b is writing d doesn't write

5 Paul and Sue the car to work this

week instead of the bus because it's so cold

a argue c is arguing

b argues d are arguing

8 This year, the number of club members

_ _ very quickly

a is growing c are growing

b grows d growing

9 In Britain, people _ _ more money to

animal charities than to children's charities

a are giving c doesn't give

b aren't giving d give

10 he to the Scouts?

a Is belonging c Do belong

b Does belong d Do belongs

11 They _ _ young people in their club

a aren't wanting c doesn't want

b aren't want d don't want

6 Write the sentences Use the correct forms of the verbs, either Present Simple or Present Continuous

she / never / use / the Internet

She never U5es the Internet

more young people / join / the Scouts / these days? _

2 parents / always / ot understand / their children / problems _

3 she / not do / a lot of work for charity at the moment _

4 the club / not have / a website _ _ _ _ _

5 he / be / happier now that he / know / more people _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

6 you / listen to / the concert? _

7 I / not support / a political party _

8 every week / she / forget / the time of the meeting _

9 we / wait / for / the rain / to stop / before /we/goout _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Kay 3 _ _ you _ _ (go) camping every weekend?

Mark Kay Mark Kay Mark Kay Mark

No, not every weekend

What about this weekend?

14 _ _ (do) exams at the moment so 1' _ _ (spend) this weekend revising

Why 6 _ _ you _ _ (belong) to the Scouts?

17 _ _ (not like) watching TV, 1' _ _ (prefer) outdoor activities

9 _ _ the organisation _ _ (grow) these days?

Yes, it is And at the moment, I 10 _ _ (organise) open days to attract new members

9

8 Complete the text with the correct forms of the verbs

and Girl Sco u ts

Raleigh International i5 a youth development

charity that 1 with young people aged

17-24 Young people of all nationalities take

part in their home country or abroad The

expeditions 2 self-confidence and skills

and encourage the young people to understand

more about the needs of others Nitin Rishi,

a volunteer from India, joined a Raleigh

expedition in his home country and says,

'I decided to join Raleigh because I wanted to

learn more about developmental work, do some

travelling and get a true insight into the ways

different people 3 their lives.'

The World Association of Girl Guides and Girl

Scouts is the sister organisation of the Scouts

This worldwide organisation' more

than 10 million members in 144 countries Girls

-, -:-".-the Guides to develop leadership and

life skills This year, 23,000 Guides and Scouts

6 to a big international meeting in

Sweden Guide Katy Dawes said, 'I am very

excited about going to Sweden At the moment,

I 7 all my spare money for a new

sleeping bag and rucksack.'

The Duke of Edinburg 's Award scheme is

a voluntary, non-competitive programme of

activities that lead to bronze, silver and gold

awards The programme 8 people

aged 1 -25 to do individual challenges which

are exciting and fun 'I finished my bronze

award when I was sixteen Now [ 9 ::-::-:-_

my silver award I 10 a new skill,

guitar making, and for my community service,

[ 11 a junior football team.'

SPEAKING

1 Match the beginnings and endings to make phrases

1 That may ~a way!

2 I'm sorry but I can't b off it!

3 That's a c up to a point

4 You've got d be true but

5 No e good point

6 I agree f to disagree

7 Come g a point but

8 I'm afraid [ have h agree with you

2 Choose the correct phrases to complete the conversation Then listen to che k

Mr Gordon Graffiti everywhere! It's so ugly Carl (Come of[ itI) / I couldn't agree

more Graffiti is OK, Dad I think

graffiti is art

Mr Gordon Oh, 1 I'm afraid I have to disagree

with you I I agree with you up to a point, Carl Graffiti is not art It's just vandalism

Mrs Gordon Hmm 2/ agree with you up to

a point I I'm afraid I ha v e to disagree But Carl 3 has a good point I is so true as well Some graffiti is really clever

Mr Gordon Well,' that may be true but I that's

so true a lot of graffiti isn't And why

not paInt inside if they are artists? Carl 5 No way I I couldn't agree with

you more! Graffiti has to be outside Otherwise it's not graffiti at all! Mrs Gordon 6 Come oifit / You' v e got a point

but what if the building belongs to somebody? There should be special places for it, not just ordinary buildings

Mr Gordon 7 1 couldn't agree more! I I'm

sorry but I can't agree with you

Somewhere else, not all over the railway stationi

3 Choose the best ending for each sentence

'Country music is wonderful, it as

such emotion and fantastic lyrics.'

Oh, come off it It's terrible I I lo v e it

2 You've got a good point but I think it's great I

you you yourself (singular)

yourselves (plural)

We use reflexive pronouns

• when the subject and object of the sentence are the

same person or thing:

He looks at himself in every shop window!

The cat washes itself a lot

Did you enjoy yourself at the party?

• to stress that something is done without help/

independently:

My mum's a hairdresser but I always cut my hair o

myself

Did they build the boat themselves ?

My great - grandmother is 92 but she drives herself

everywhere

• to stress the subject or object only:

I complained to the manager herself

The hotel itself w as quiet but the resort was very

1 These are all common expressions with reflexive pronouns Match expressions A-E to pictures 1-4 There is one expression you don't need

The dog itself wasn ' t the cause of the accident B Please help yourselves 0

C Don't blame yourselves 0

E See you later Enjoy yourselves! 0

2 Choose the correct reflexive pronouns

He talks ab ut (himsel /J / herself a lot

I hurt ourselves / myself a my judo

~ {i

2 The politician lied ab ut herself /

8 When the train starts to move, the doors lock themselves / itself 0

3 Tick the sentences in Exercise 2 where the pronoun means independently

11

<I Complete the sentences with reflexive pronouns

My dad taught himself to play the piano

was making lunch

2 I can't forgive for the terrible

things I said

3 The twins always buy an

enormous cake on their birthday

4 Come to my party, Leo - you'll enjoy

5 When Jake looked at the photograph he

could see in his grandfather's

face

6 We'll win the match if we believe in

7 We have a noisy pet parrot which talks

to all the time

S Why don't you and Adam take _ _

away for a long weekend?

9 Jess is unhappy because she doesn't like

_ _ very much

:; Complete the text with reflexive pronouns,

pronouns or each other

M y dad is a fan of Joan Armatrading, a

British singer-songwriter I don't like her very

much m)/self but my dad says she's fantastic

She writes most of her songs ' _ _ _

and she always accompanies

'-;-:-_ :-:_.,.-on the guitar She played for Nelson Mandela

3 at his 70'" birthday party at

Wembley Stadium in London

There are lots of other Joan Armatrading

fans and they send 4 emails

about her music and concerts My dad is

also a member of an Internet fan club which

month Every time he gets the newsletter

he finds something he wants to buy

, like a new Joan T-shirt or

a rare recording 7 think he

sh uld spend the money on ' _ _ _ _ _

not himsel1!

My dad's favou rite Joan Armatrading album

is Me, Myself, J and he plays it all the time

When my brother and I complain he says,

'When you have your own homes, you can

READING

1 Read the article by a newspaper's dance critic and match headings A-H with paragraphs 1-5 There are three headings you don't need Then listen and check

A Why I love going to the ballet

B Where the idea came from

C Why I was worried

D Romeo and Juliet is the perfect choice

E A new star is born in Chicago

F How they found the young people

G My final thoughts

H A dancer's life

2 Read the article again and choose the best alternatives The article is about

a a professional ballet performance

b why young people become criminals

c an unusual ballet performance

d the ballet of Romeo and Juliet

2 At the beginning of the evening, the critic thought the ballet was a idea

b professional dancers taught criminals to dance

c ballet helped young people develop confidence

self-d ballet dancers worked for a young people's charity

5 The two men

a had no experience of working with young people

b met while working together

C worked together before the project

d knew each other before the project

6 _ chose the yo ung people

a Teenagers from an earlier project

b Professional dancers

c People with experience of difficult teenagers

d The two men and a television company

7 They chose Romeo and Juliet because

a teenagers can recognise the problems in i t

b there are mirrors in it for the dancers to look in

c it's a funny story that everyone enjoys

d the music and choreography are good

S At the end of the evening, the critic said

a the perforrftance was not very good

b the performers weren't good enough

c the performance changed her mind

d the performers were mad

ART S I BALLET

[IT] Last night I was worried, very worried I had the job

of going to watch amateur ballet dancers performing on

stage with one of the UK's top professional ballet

companies A performance like this seemed very risky

and I asked myself, 'Are they mad?' Before I tell you the

answer, I'll tell you why I had such big doubts

[RJ The idea of mixing amateur and professional

dancers started a couple of years ago when two

friends with very different jobs found a way of working

together One of the men had created an

award-vvnning 1V series, MUSicality, in which amateurs

trained to perform in the musical Chicago The other

man runs a charity called Youth at Risk which works

with young people who have serious problems with

aggression and antisocial behaviour Although it was a

risk, the two men thought they could make a 1V

programme in which ballet changed the lives of young

people with problems

[ill Their idea was this: if the young people could

accept the strict discipline and challenge of ballet

training, it would build their self-esteem and give them

new confidence in themselves The first step was to

find suitable teenagers to take part and they asked teachers and youth workers already working professionally with young people at risk to find candidates for the project Through them 300 young people joined the programme and although about half dropped out in the end sixty teenagers appeared on stage in the public performance

GO The ballet they chose was Sergei Prokofiev's

Romeo and Ju/iet, choreographed by Sir Kenneth MacMillan The story of Romeo and Juliet includes family confiict, the generation gap, gangs, murder, young love and teenage suicide so it is the perfect mirror for the lives of troubled young people in today's society

[ill Going back to my original question: 'Are they mad?' The answer is definitely 'no' As soon as the ballet started, my worries disappeared It was amazing how these unlikely dancers were magically

transformed Into their characters At the end of the evening I was left with this thought: ballet can change lives' It is a dancing cure, not a talking cure; it is silent

so it stops arguments

12 March ARTS MONTHLY 3S

T-shirt top (n) tracksuit trainer trendy try on wear (v) woollen

Other

attend (school) behave care about sth complain confusing district

go down harmless hurry (v) laziness litter noisy rude

lazy interesting

2 Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 1

She has a large ba<;l where she keeps all her make-up

I like those jeans with patches on them they're _ _ _ _

-2 Please turn the volume down, I'm finding the music really _ _ _ _

3 Paris is the centre of the world

4 He just sits aro und all day doing no work He'sso _ _ _ _

3 Complete the sentences with the correct verbs and prepositions from the Word List

Do you often <;lo out with friends in the evenings?

C _ _ d _ _ and te ll me why you are crying

2 On Saturdays I often b _ _ i _ _ school friends in town

3 My parents worry because my younge r si ster

h _ _ a _ _ on street corners with a gang

4 We all f _ _ a _ _ in lessons sometimes you can't always be serious

-4 Complete the definitions with nouns from the Word List

tracksuit en) a set of clothes designed for

d ing sport, made up of a top and pants _ _ : ,-_ en) a small group of people who spend time together and don 't let others join them

2 en) an organised group of people who all like a certain team or famous person

3 (plural n) sp rts shoes often worn casually

4 en) jewellery whi ch you wear on

your wrist

ideas, etc p e ople try to copy because they want to be like them

6 en) a part of a town or city

5 Choose the best alternatives to complete the fashion

report

Starting from the top: Geo is looking good

in a 1 He is wearing a '_ top with a 3 _

and '_ trousers To complete this fantastic

look, he has a '_ chain around his neck

2 Now we have Frankie ill a 6 skirt and a ' _

leather jacket She is also wearing 8 _ socks

and trainers She has v ery 1960s make up

with heavy 9 _ and mascara

3 Here's Natasha in 1 0 _ jeans with a

fashionable 11 on the knee and with a black

leather 1 ' _ Her 1 3 _ boots are also very

fashionable She's also wearing a 1' _ T-shirt

Unfortunately, I'm not so sure about those

1'_ earrings she's wearing - they look cheap

and nasty

a bracelet b fashion c baseball cap

a fashionable b ripped c silk

a leather b short c baggy

a top b earrings c eyeliner

a leather beige b ripped c baggy

a big round b drop c fashionable gold

6 Choose the odd-one-out

3 mascara eyeliner lipstick earrings

7 trendy fashionable tight smart Extend your vocabulary

1 Study the definitions of the phrasal verbs with hang

Complete the sentences

hang around (inj): to spend time somewhere doing nothing

hang on: used to ask someone to wait

hang on to: to keep something hang out: to put washed clothes outside to dry hang out with (inj): spend a lot of time with someone

hang over: if something bad is hanging over you, you are worried about it

hang up: to end a phone call

The weather was terrible so I couldn't hano:J out the washing in the garden

It was very busy at the ticket office so I decided to until the queue got smaller

2 ! I'm not ready yet

3 You'll need to your ticket until the end of the journey

4 Don't ! I haven't finished!

5 While this terrible problem _ _ _ _ her, she can't relax

6 When we were younger we used to _ _ _ _

outside the park

7 I like to my friends during the

holidays

15

Keep in touch

GRAMMAR

Present Perfect Simple

The Present Perfect Simple connects past completed actions to the

present We use it for

• news:

Thieves have taken five hundred computers from

a warehouse in Leeds

(= They stole the computers recently, the computers are missing now.)

• a finished action which has present results:

I've designed and built lots of websites

(= I have done this work in the past, now I have experience in it.)

• a state or a repeated action in the past which is linked to the present:

Paul has lived in Spain for many years I ' ve read his blog every day

this week

(= I read the blog for the last few days, now I am up-to-date with its

news.)

Time expressions

We use already (sometime in the past) and never (at no time in the past)

with the Present Perfect Simple

I've seen his blog already

He ' s never w ritten a blog

We use since (from a point in time) and for (through a period of time)

with both the Present Perfect Simple and the Present Perfect Continuous

She ' s lived here since 2003

They ' ve been watching TV since 7.00

It hasn 't rained her e for two y ears

It's been rain i ng for two months!

Present Perfect Continuous

We use the Present Perfect Continuous to stress the continuous nature of

a past activity, for example

• actions which started in the past and are continuing now:

I've been cleaning my bedroom since ten o'clock this morning

(= I started cleaning at ten o'clock and I am cleaning now.)

• a recent continuous action with present results:

I've been practising the song this morning so now I kno w the l y c

(= I practised the song for a period of time, now I know the words.)

• to stress that a recent continuous action lasted a long time:

I look tired because I've been driving for ten hours

(= I drove for ten hours, I have just stopped, now I look tired.)

Affirmative Negative I Main verb (-in{j)

have been have not been : l/We/YoufThey

(' ve been) (haven't been) : has been has not been practising all day

HelShellt

('s been) (hasn't been)

1 Choose the correct alternatives Social n e tworking s i es _ _ since the 1 990 s

c i s r ece ntly opening

d ha s been r ece ntly opening

5 _ _ you _ _ on this s i te before?

is using

2 Complete the interview with Josh Terreli, founder of

social networking site Coo/Me.com Use the Present

Perfect Continuous

Reporter Josh, CoolMe has been ",rowin",

(grow) very quickly this year, isn't that right?

Josh It has, we 1 _ _ (do) very well

It's not been easy, though, I 2 _ _ (work) 20 hours a day and I

3 _ _ (not sleep) a lot It's been hard but CoolMe ' _ _ (get) so many new members every week that we've had no choice

Reporter And ' _ _ you _ _ (work) on

any new projects?

Josh Yes, I have 16 _ _ (try) to

introduce video to CoolMe but it

7 _ _ (take) me longer than I

expected

Reporter What do you think you'll do after

CoolMe? ' _ _ you _ _ (think) about your future at all?

Josh To be honest, I don't know 19

_ _ (work) on a book but I don't know when - or if - I'll finish it

Reporter Well, good luck with it!

3 Read the headlines and write Present Perfect Simple

3 Millionth fan visits star's b/og!

The millionth fan _ _ _ _ _ _

4 United do not win the title

They have srent (spend) hundreds of dollars

on the special effects in this film

_ _ you _ _ (revise) all day?

2 Bands _ _ (experiment) with generated music for more than thirty years

computer-3 He _ _ (try) to pass his driving test for five years - I do 't think he'll ever succeed

4 Since I bought an iPod, I _ _ (listen) to music all the time

5 I _ _ (be) a member of CoolMe since I was

fifteen

6 I _ _ (not play) the piano since I was

a child so I _ _ (practise) as much as possible recently

7 People _ _ (use) personal computers since

the 1970s

S Complete the email from Suzie about her Internet addiction Use the Present Perfect Simple or Continuous form of verbs from the box

finish receive tl!iRk make answer be decide work become spend

From: Suzie < suzie1234@mailme,com >

To: Dad <jonathan morris@coolme.com>

Subject: Oh dear!!

How RU? Hope everything's fine © Listen, I 've been thinkin", all week about what you said about the Internet, and I think you may be right: maybe I _ _ _ _ too long online recently Take today, for example:

I got up at 8.00 (okay, 9.00 ©) and I 2 non-stop

on my project for school I 3 only just it

now, that's nearly six hours! 4 you online

that long today? I bet the answer's no and you're a computer programmer!

It's not just me, though All the students here spend hours online It 5 worse since I joined the campus social networking site here as well I 6 messages all morning and more arrive all the time I think I 7 _ _ _ about twenty just this afternoon and now I have to answer them all! Help!

Seriously, I think I 8 a decision I 9 to turn the computer off all week, apart from when I'm sleeping, so that's the first step Sounds like a good plan? Write and let

me know - but I'll have to turn the computer on to read your email! Oh no! Maybe you can phone?

I'm not sure this makes a lot of sense but thanks for reading

it, Dad!

KEEP IN TOUCH Love you

Suzie Xxx

17

LISTENING

1 Listen to four people talking about the Internet

Match speakers A-D to the statements below There

are two speakers for each statement

Who

1 " says they use the Internet to

contact friends?

2 " says their life would be

difficult without the Internet?

3 " has rrtixed feelings about the

Internet?

4 " uses the Internet in limited

ways?

2 Read the sentences Listen to the four speakers

again Are the statements true (T) or false (F)?

Speaker A - Anton

1 meets his fl'iends all the time 0

2 prefers instant messaging to seeing his

Speaker B - Carl

4 always buys books and films online 0

5 always plays the same game online 0

6 thinks the Internet saves him time 0

Speaker C - Kelly

9 has bought fruit and vegetables onIine 0

Speaker D - Zoe

10 is careful which sites she visits 0

11 has had problems with her credit card 0

12 has had problems without an email

4 Do you t _ it will be cold?

5 Do you h _ _ to k _ _ how much it costs?

6 Have you a _ _ i _ _ where he lives?

7 Would you m _ _ t _ _ me how to get to the theatre?

8 I was w _ _ if you have seen Joe?

2 Read the dialogues and rewrite the underlined questions to make them more polite Then listen to check

C Victoria Station How can I help you?

B Hello 'What time is the train to EdinbW'gh

B "And is there a first-class carriage?

C Yes, there is

B That's super Thanks for your help

K e ep in touch

WRITING I A p ers on a l l et ter

1 Read the letter and study the information Underline three things that tell you this is an informal letter

43 Marsh Road

1 Put your address in the top right corner I - Lowestoft

for each main idea I hope you are having great summer and that all your

- Say something about

me reader's life

exams are over I've been doing exams for ever but the last one was this afternoon Fantastic! I'm now free and can start to relax While I was doing my exams I was either in an exam room or at home trying

to revise Let's hope that all this hard work is rewarded with incredible results!

4 Start by saying something about

when you were last

in touch or explain

- Guess what! I'm going camping in Spain with two 8 Us e questions to

Use informal phrases

to get the reader's

It'll be better if there are four of us and I'm sure reader

you'll like Amy and Ryan We're leaving on the first L,r- -~

Let me know about the trip to Spain!

- Look after yourself

2 You are (Daniel's friend) Amy or Ryan Your grandmother is ill so you have gone to her home with your parents

Write a friendly letter to Daniel Remember to layout your letter correctly and to start and end in a friendly manner

Include this information:

• explain where you are and why

• ask about his exams

• say you are looking forward to the holiday and explain what preparations you have made

• give him some news about another friend

• tell him how he can contact you while you are at your grandmother's home

19

signal (n) signal strength social networking site spyware

store (v) switch on/off technology text message toolbar touch screen

turn up/down undo unread update upload

USB memory stick

user-friendly

vibrating alert virus

voice mail volume Other

addictive artificial best buy

boss

bring out capture (v)

come up with company customer

develop

disturb drawback exhausted flexible games designer implant (n)

impressive

layer (n) leaflet level (n) manage to news painless

personal information practical

recommend rest and relaxation review (n) run out of safe solve (a problem) stressed out

transparent

waterproof wonder (v)

work long hours

9 receive

2 Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 1 When it was first created, nobody could predict how the Internet would develop

I need to _ _ anti-virus software on my home computer

2 The Internet could be the greatest _ _ since the automobile

3 People love sudoku, though many of the puzzles are almost impossible to _ _

4 I never save emails, I _ _ them

5 To add _ _ to emails you need to click on the paperclip icon

6 Most computers nowadays are _ _ in China

7 I have to turn my phone off at work because the noise of texts arriving _ _ me

3 Complete the compound nouns with words from the box Then check your answers in the Word List

eel! computer vibrating ring memory phone search spy tool voice

ware

4 Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 3

To attach a document, click on this icon on the toolbar

I keep everybody's numbers on my mobile so I don't need a

2 If I don't answer, you can leave a message on

my _ _

3 I love using jazz music as my _ _

4 I typed 'English nouns' into a _ _ and it found more than seven million sites

5 _ _ is the name for programmes which

:; Choose the best meaning for each word

a try to find b have no more c send away

6 Choose the correct alternatives to complete the text

Facebook is one of the most popular social

networking 1 _ _ in the world, allowing users

to contact each other, 2 _ _ news, send , _ _

messages and keep in touch in many other ways

The site was founded in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg,

a computer science student at Harvard, and his

college roommates At first, the site was only

available to Harvard students but since 2006

Facebook has been open to all: anybody thirteen

years old or older with a valid email address can

4 the site The site has been developed

constantly ever since and new ' _ _ are added

regularly In 2010 Facebook had around 600

million active users and its value has been

estimated at over $40 billion

Facebook has had some problems, however The

' _ _ has been criticised in the past for not

protecting the 7 _ _ information that users

include in their 8 _ _ and it has been blocked by

numerous countries at different times for political

and religious reasons The site is also often

blocked by companies worried at how much time

their workers spend 9 _ _

Extend your vocabulary

1 Choose the word or phrase which does not collocate with the main word

start up / log in to X exit from) / shut down

your computer

open / edit / save / clean a document

2 cut / copy / burn / paste text

3 scroll up, down / close / shut / bookmark

a page

4 enter / move / pload, download / delete

a file

5 edit / burn / insert / eject a disk

6 surf / search / browse / cruise the Internet

7 visit / join / click on / bookmark a website

8 send / join / click on / bookmark a link

2 Complete the sentences with a word or phrase from Exercise 1

We're finished, you can _ _ _ your computer

2 Don't forget to _ _ the document after

you finish it

3 the text in the box at the bottom It's easier than typing it!

4 It's at the top of the page, you'll have

to _ _

5 You can the file from our server if

you want a copy

6 It's stuck! I can't the disk from the

computer

7 I tried the net bu I couldn't find the

information

8 This website is fantastic! _ _ _ it so we

don't forget the address

9 That sounds like an interesting site Could you _ _ a link to it?

3 Study the information about the Internet and complete the text

WORD FOCUS: INTERNET

places on the I n ternet: website/site , web page, chat

room things you do on the Internet : surf the net (spend

time looki n g at w ebsite s fo r fun) , visit websites and

chat rooms , download files from th e Internet , check your emails, email people or chat with them, shop

online or work c."line You can a lso bookmark sites

that you want t o g o ba c k to regularly , w h i c h means

putting them on y our list of favourites

HANWORTH LIBRARY

Members of the public are welcome to use the library's cam uters

If you are not Sure how to access the Internet please s p one of the libra;ians who will show you how to: peak to

• the net

• find a particular 2

3 files

-You are not allowed to use the library's computers to'

SELF-ASSESSMENT TEST 1 I UNITS 1-2

VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

1 Complete the text with one word in each gap

The number of letters needed is shown in

Slaying Safe Online

The Intemet is a wonderful thing but it is

important to protect your computer from

viruses I (7) and other dangers

I

I

Generally speaking if you have paid for a ,

program then it should be virus-free but you

should be careful when ' _ _ _ _ _ (11)

free programs - 3 (8) - from

the Intemet You should also be careful of

files which are ' _ _ _ _ _ (8) to emails

especially if you do not know the sender and

files given to you on a USB 5 _ _ _ _ _ (6)

stick It is best to always scan these with

an anti-virus program before opening or

_ _ _ (10) them on your computer

2 Complete the text with a preposition in each

I often used to be bored at the weekend I didn't

u se to go out with anyone and had nothing to

do I hung I at the shops but didn't

h ave any mo n ey to spend Then, one day,

I bumped 2 an o l d friend whose dad

h ad his own b u siness and we started chatting

We got 3 well with each other and he

told me t h at his father might give me a job so

we went to see him He was great and I started

the next day, working in his toy shop I spent

most of the first day fooling 4 wit h the

model trains! I don't know how he put ' _ , -_ _

with my behaviour but eventually I calmed

6 and now, five years late r , m the

manager of one of t h e biggest shops in our city

3 Choose the correct alternative (6 points)

My brother is in a gang He's been in it[since)/

Jor / Jrom he was 1 7 and he's now 21 They call

I them / - / themselves 'The crazies' but I don't think they do many crazy things They have known' themsel ves / them / each other since

they were small children, so , of course , I have known them for years too They meet 3 them / themselves / - every Saturday Tom, my brother, takes hours to get ready At the moment, he

4 has / has been having / is having a shower

He's been in the bathroom for ages H e always

l ooks at 5 him / himself / - in the mirror for about an hour and then smiles at 6 myself / me /

J with his perfectly white teeth and goes out

4 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first (6 points) John and I keep in to u ch by exchanging emails

John and I send emails to each other

Jim says that i t is hi s fault that he is l ate Jim blames _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ -,-_

2 Kate and Sue argue a lot

Kate and Sue arg u e with _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

3 I h ope we have a good time at the party

£; Complete the text with the correct forms of the verbs

Technology has chan'ijed (change) so much

since I was a boy My grandson 1_: , _ _

,-(have) got an incredible amount of multi-media

gadgets in his room At the moment, he

2 (listen) to an iPod with songs

on it that he 3 (recently /

download) from the Internet For the last three

hours, he ' (also / watch) a TV

progranune on his computer It is a one hour

programme but he can pause it whenever he

likes, just like a video, even though it is live TV

I 5 (not understand) any of it All

these remote controls lying around all over the

house He 6 (try) to teach me

how to download a virtual garden tour all this

week but I don't think I'll ever be able to work

out how to do it

LISTENING SKILLS

6 listen to a presentation of a new multi-media

machine by a company representative to the firm's

salespeople Read sentences 1-8 Are the statements

true (T) or false (F)? (8 points)

1 The people at the presentation have to

2 The S3 is not on sale yet D

3 The Technoguard does things more

4 The volunteer has to connect several

5 The woman has got a camera which

6 The machine asks questions to find out

exactly what you want it to do D

7 The man makes a cover for the DVD D

8 The volunteer isn't going to sell the

machine in November because he

g sorry but I have to disagree

A Computers are really important these days, aren't they?

B That's 1 ! You have to use a computer for studying, most jobs

A 2 ! So I think it would be a really good idea to buy a new laptop, don't you?

B A new laptop? Oh no, I 3-: :-_ _ _ Laptops are really expensive!

A Well, ' I mean, they're certainly not cheap but on the other hand it's really an investment and our laptop is so old

B 6 it! We only bought it a few months ago, it's practically new

A New? I'm 6 • Technology moves

so fast these days, a few months is a long time for a computer For example, there are lots of games I can't play on our laptop that I could play on a new one

B Ah! So you want to buy a new laptop just so you can play more games? ' _ _ _ _ _ defirtitely no chance, no, no, no!

23

Outside the law?

GRAMMAR

Past Simple

We use the Past Simple to talk about things which started

and finished in the past:

• single events

The judge started her job in 1998

• regular events

She worked in the court every day for ten years

• past states I didn't understand the problem

• telling stories

I went to the park and I saw a crowd of people

With the Past Simple we use time expressions like

yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon/evening , last night!

year/week/Saturday, when I was five/ten, ten years ago , in

September/2011:

Where were you yesterday?

She spoke to the police a week ago

Past Continuous

We use the Past Continuous

• to describe things which were in progress at or around

a fixed time in the past:

At ID a.m yesterday I was walking to the station

• for longer activities interrupted by shorter ones in the

past:

I was jogging in the park when I saw a crowd of people

• for temporary situations in the past:

We were staying with our cousins

• to set the scene in a story or give background information:

I was walking along the road one evening

1 Choose the correct alternatives

with fri e nd s when someone stole t h e i r car

Yes/No and Wh- questions Had he seen the accident? Yes , he had

Had you talked to him before the accident? No , I hadn't Why had they lied to the police?

We use the Past Perfect to talk about what happened before another event in the past It is used with the Past Simple or Continuous

The roads were dangerous because it had snowed in the night

(It snowed, then the roads became dangerous.)

Everyone was driving slowly because they had seen the accident

(They saw the accident and drove more carefully afterwards.)

Mind the trap!

• When we got to the court, the judge sentenced the criminals

(= We arrived at the court, then the judge sentenced the criminals.)

• When we got to the court the judge had sentenced the criminals

(= We arrived at the court after the judge had sentenced the criminals.)

5 _ _ you t h e suspect before you saw her

2 Answer the questions with short answers

Were you waiting for a b~ when you saw

3 Complete the article with the Past Simple or

Continuous forms of the verbs in brackets

I was workin", (work) as a court reporter when

I became interested in the McGowan case At the

time I ' (write) for the local

newspaper Most of the court cases were boring

and I 2 (not enjoy) my job very

leaving journalism to become a teacher Anyway,

on this particular day I ' (listen) to

the police evidence in the McGowan trial, and

I suddenly 5 (think) 'You're lying'

The policeman 6 (read) from

notes but he ' ( not have) the body

language of an honest person At the end of the

trial, I 8 (be) amazed when the jury

_ (nnd) Mr McGowan guilty

I wanted to shout '10 you _ _ _

(listen)?' but I couldn't Instead, I spent every spare

minute for the next nve years working to get

Mr McGowan out of prison

Outside the law?

4 Complete the report with the Past Simple or Continuous forms of verbs from the box

argue be (x2) climb go out have

not close play receive relax

and while most people 2 _ _ , the police

, _ very busy People ' _ _ their windows when they ' _ _ so thieves just 6 _ _ in and helped themselves At parties, people

' _ _ their windows open while they 8 _ _

from neighbours Also, when it's hot, people

than twenty phone calls to homes where

:; Join the sentences with the words in brackets Use the correct verb forms as necessary

The prisoners ate breakfast They went to the

exercise area (after) After they had eaten breakfast they went

to the exerci5e area

The bell rang They woke up (when) When _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

2 They committed serious crimes They were in

4 The police arrested her The shoplifter

confessed (as soon as) The shoplifter _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

5 She didn't tell the children Their father went

to prison (that) She _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

6 The judge didn't sentence the teenager She

listened to the evidence (until)

6 Find the errors with tenses in the text There are six errors

I walked home one evening from a party when

it happened When I had left the party the weather was being fine but now the rain came down hard and [ still had a few kIlometres to

go [ was seeing a car parked on the other side

of the street with its lights on and its engine running, just as if it waited for me, so [ was getting in and drove off Then [ saw the policeman who was sitting in the back seat

25

7 Complete the newspaper article with the Past Simple,

Continuous or Perfect forms of the verbs in brackets

Leo Parker, security guard

Mr Parker was '<jQin'<j (go) towards the main building

when the explosion happened 'I 1 (be)

before and 3 (walk) to the office

Suddenly there was a great flash of light and then the

loudest bang I have ever heard I ' (fall

over) but I 5 (not be) hurt badly.'

Helena Aldndge, computer systems manager

second I was on the floor My boyfriend 7 _ _ _ _ _

worried about him At that moment my mobile

That was a stupid question!'

Max Fmkle, aIrline passenger

about a minute before the captain 12 (tell)

us to put on our seat belts ready for landing At the

moment he said this I 13 (look) out of the

window because I " (want) to see

London under us There was suddenly a big orange

light north of London - it was enormous.'

Clara Kent, local resident

Clara Kent" (drive) to the offices to

collect her fiance, Greg 'I " (arrive) at

(get in) and I 18 (drive) away As we

later

Crime doesn't pay goes the saying and it certainly did not pay for these individuals Read on as we present the five most brainless crimes you are ever likely to come acros

[ill

An optimistic bank robber in Alaska had planned

his robbery carefully He selected the bank, prepared his gun and entered Cleverly pretending

to be a customer so as to not create a panic which

might alert the police, he went up to the clerk and

told her he wanted to open an account The clerk

asked for some identification which he gave her before taking out his gun and asking for money

Unsurprisingly, the police were able to find and arrest the robber very quickly

[IT]

An even less thoughtful ba k robber was caught

in 2009 This robber actually succeeded in his robbery, taking nearly $4000 dollars from a bank

in South Carolina Unfortunately, he was rather

too pleased with himself, because one of the first

things he did when he got home was to post a message on MySpace about his success Once again, the police did not need a second invitation [IT]

Clearly, sometimes robbing a bank can be a little difficult but surely robbing a cash machine should

be easier Not, however, for two robbers from

Kentucky The plan was simple: they would attach

a large chain to the front of a cash machine and then fasten it to the bumper of their pickup Once

the cash machine was ope , they would collect

the money and escape Unfortunately, the cash machine was a little stronger than they exp cted:

instead of pulling the front of the cash machine off they lo ~ t their bumper Panicking, they drove

away, leaving the bumper behind with their car registration still attached

[ill

Everybody knows the police have little

tolerance for grafitti, which makes the decision

of one graffiti 'artist' to put films of his work

up on the Internet rather hard to understand

The man's signature of'Buket'was well known

in the Los Angeles area and could be seen on

buses, bridges and many other places One

day, 'Buket' uploaded videos of himself onto

the Internet painting graffiti in a number of

places Unfortunately for him it appears the

police use the Internet as well and wasted no

time in arresting him

ffiD To finish, here is perhaps the best

example of how not to perform a crime Rule

number one of being a successful criminal

is surely 'choose your target carefullY: Two

muggers in Dallas, Texas in 1994 did not

do this when they chose as their victim the

famous actor Chuck Norris The hopeful

muggers stopped the actor in a backstreet

and demanded his wallet The two attackers

had knives but, unfortunately for them, Mr

Norris was one of the most famous martial

artists in the world, with black belts in six

different disciplines including Karate, Jiu-Jitsu

and Tae Kwon Do The police arrived some

four minutes after the attempted mugging

to find the two attackers sitting in the street

with broken arms and sorry expressions on

their faces 'Did you not know who he was?'

one of the policemen asked 'We knew and we

wanted him because he was rich; came the

reply, 'but we thought all that stuff on TV was

fake:

Outside the law?

READING

1 Read the article quickly and choose the best headline

A The best plans when bank robbers get it

A No Oscar for this director

B Not everything on TV is just acting

C Fame at last!

D Everything you need

E I think you forgot this

F Name, address

3 Choose the best alternatives

The clerk in the bank

a knew the man was a robber

b thought something was wrong

C treated the man like any other customer

d panicked

2 The robber from Virginia posted his message

a before the robbery

b because he wanted to play games with the

police

c to trick the police

d because he thought he was very clever

3 The men from Kentucky

a had problems robbing a bank

b wanted to steal the cash machine

c needed a stronger chain

d were easy to find for the police

4 Buket

a was a famous name in his city

b wanted to get rich

c wanted to be an actor

d always uploaded videos of himself

5 The muggers

a didn't realise who their victim was

b didn't care who their victim was

e asked the policeman who Chuck Norris was

d thought Chuck Norris was just an actor

27

GRAMMAR

used to and would

I used to read children's comics (Now, read newsp p rs.)

Leo used to hate spinach (Now, he likes it.)

What games did you use to play? (when you were a child)

Mind the trap !

I used to have a Star Wars rucksack for my books

I used myoId Star Wars rucksack for my books

today

morning and go for a run (It was my habit in the past.)

• to avoid repeating u ed to when describing past habits:

We used to put eve ryt h i ng in the ca r the night before o ur

holiday We tf8efHtj would leave bef o re the sun wa s up and

we tf8efHtj ' d stop fo r breakfast on the way

Mind the tr a p!

I used to have two best friends at school

NOT I wetJltlllBve /we best frieRBS

Did you use to listen in lessons?

NOT WetJltl yeti NStefl ill iessef18?

didn 't u se to t hink u se d to dri ve

moment Before any big game,

I used to eet very nervous so I had

a routine to help me relax For about

a week before, ' _ _ _ _ _ anything except train and think about the match _ I 2 _ _ _ _ _

my wife mad! On the day before the

anything but the game and I _ _ _ very quiet 1' _ _ _ _ the stadium on my own - I think it

h lped me to see the space and imagine the game Then when we were waiting in the dressing room before the match I 6 to the other players but I would know what to expect so I 7 _ _ _

a bit more confident Of course, the minute I ran onto the pitch,

I 8 all about my nerves

3 Read the paragraph and change the underlined verbs

with used to or would Use woulrJ wherever possible

•

used to live When I was a child, we lived in the city but

my grandparents llived in the country and

we 2went to their house for Christmas Each

year, my mother ' did all the work She 'bought

and "wrapped all the presents, she 'packed

suitcases for the whole family and then she 7Illit

everything in the car on Chlistmas Eve My dad

"worked as a policeman and he 'came home at

lunchtime and he IOasked lots of questions like

'Have you bought all the presents? Have you

packed the car properly?' He IIthought he was

being helpful! Then my mum l2gill angry and

they 13argued for the whole journey I 1believed

that Christmas Eve was a special day for

In my opinion

3 Choose the correct phrases to complete the conversation

Mrs Collins (Personally, I / E v erybody knows

that I don't like going into town

in the evenings 11 mean / In my opinion , there are always big groups

of teenagers on the streets and they

frighten me

Mrs Ellis 2 The reason why / It seems to me

that they have nowhere to go ' To be

honest, / If you think about it, there

isn't a sports centre or a youth club and the cinema closed two years ago

Mrs Collins 'Frankly, / I mean, I think it's the

parents' fault ' The thing is, / Look

at parents nowadays don't care

-they let their children do what they want 'Look at us / E v erybody knows that, we didn't spend all our

time on the street, vandalising things and breaking the law

Mrs Ellis 7 To be honest , / The reason why

I spent a lot of time with my friends!

' Frankly, / It's only natural that

young people want to be together,

the problem is what they do when

they are together

29

vandalise vandalism victim

witness

Other abandon alarm call amount

bank manager bus shelter care (v) choice (n)

clown consequence crash (v)

deserve desperate distract donkey/jackass

driving licence earn/make (money/a fortune) expect

experience (v)

failure fed up with

greedy handbag help yourself (to sth)

hide human nature humiliating immoral insult (v) laugh at

lucky park (v) purse resident responsible for revolving door run after sb

school crossing guard

set up

share (v) shout (v)

sign (n) swear

take away

take up (a sport/hobby)

train (v) van

The police caught him thanks to two -: -:-_ _ " who were looking out of their windows when he stole the car

2 The sentenced him to ten years in prison

3 The cau ht the old lady in a dark street and took her bag

4 The building was attacked by ,-, _ _

during the night and all the windows were smashed

5 There was money missing from the cinema every month It was clear that one of the

has to take the bus everywhere

6 The saw the children trying to steal

some CDs so he took them to the manager

7 The opposition leader was put under _ _ _

by the undemocratic government

8 The muggers attacked him while he was waiting at the for his bus home

4 Tick the correct column for each word

Crimes and the law

:; Label the people in the picture

People

6 Complete the article with the correct forms of the

words in brackets

V esterday Jud'ije (justice) Williams sentenced five girls

1 for ' (bully) a classmate After she had

!i5tened to 2 (state) from the victim and her

:amily, the judge said the girls' behaviour had been

(responsible) and that their 4 _ _ _ _

punish) must fit the crime She ' (fine) the

5irls and said that she hoped they would learn from their

experience The judge described the 6 (guilt)

girls as 7 (luck) that she was in a good mood

lllld said that if she ever saw the young ' _ _ _ _

offend) in her court again she would not be so patient

Outside the law?

1 Study the phrases and choose from them to label the pictures

commit a crim e = do something against the law

crime prevention = attempts to stop crimes before

they happen

crime rat e = the amount of crime that happens somewhere

crime scene = the place where the crime happened

juvenile/youth crime = crimes committed by children and teenagers

petty crim e = crime that isn't very serious

serious crime = crimes involving, for example, guns

or large sums of money

street crime = crimes committed in the street, for example, mugging

turn to crim e = start committing crimes

violent crim e = crimes which cause physical injuries

2 _ _ _ _ _ _

4 _ _ _ _ _ _

5 _ _ _ _ _ _

2 Choose the correct alternatives

A lot of young p ople Itum to) / hang out with crime if they are bored and have n thing

to do in their spare time They usually start

with 'petty / v iolent crime like shoplifting or

street crime like painting graffiti on buildings

However, if they are not stoppe , they can

become involved in 'serious / youth crime like

burglary and mugging As p rt of the police

and local community's crime ' rate / prevention

campaig , we opened a youth club a year ago This means that young people now have a place

to meet, which offers a genuine alternative

to 'committ i ng / d i ng crime The police

publish d the an u l crime figures this week

and they show th t the crime ' scene / rate has fallen by 20 percent

31

His and hers

GRAMMAR

Modals and related verbs

Present Simple Affirmative

Auxiliary + main verb (infinitive)

You ought to eat more fruit

We have to go by train

He is able to dress himself

Past Simple* Affirmative

I could play tennis when I was ten

We were able to go out yesterday

They had to pay for the tickets

Negative Auxiliary + not + main verb (infinitive) You ought not (oughtn't) to eat sweets

We don't have to go by train

He isn't able to dress himself

Negative

I couldn't play tennis when I was ten

We weren't able to go out yesterday

They didn't have to pay for the tickets

* must, ought to and should do not have Past Simple forms

Yes/No and Wh -questions

Should they believe her? Yes , they should

Can she understand? No , she can't

Do we have to get up early? No, you don't

Does he have to pay? No , he doesn ' t Where can we play tennis?

Yes/No and Wh- questions Could you understand our science homework? Yes, I COUld

Did they have to get 80 percent to pass the exam? No, they didn't What could you see from the top?

Modal verbs can, must and should are also called modal auxiliaries Like the related

verbs have to, ought to and be able to they are used for rules, responsibilities and ability

To form sentences with these verbs:

• don't add third person s except with have/has to and am/are/is able to

• use have to instead of must, and should instead of ought to for questions

• don't use the auxiliary do in questions, negatives or short answers, except with have to

We use must for

• written rules: All students must show their ID cards

• things which we think are important to do: I must do some revision this weekend

• strong advice: You must stop smoking

We use mustn ' twhen something is

• forbidden by law/rule: You mustn't use a mobile phone in the hospital

• an obligation: We mustn't forget to buy Jim a birthday card

We use have to for

• rules: If you lose a library book, you have to buy a new one

• laws: You have to get a visa to travel to the USA

• external obligation: He has to do his homework first

We use don't have to

• when something isn't necessary: You don't have to buy me a birthday present - a card is enough

We use should/shouldn ' t and ought/ought not to to

• give advice: You shouldn't get married after only two weeks together! You ought to wait at least a year

• explain a duty or responsibility: If you saw the accident , you ought to phone the police

• make suggestions: You shouldn't spend so much money./You ought to see a doctor

We use can/can ' t (present) and couldlcouldn ' t(past) for

• ability: I could understand the joke but I didn't think it was funny

• possibility: You can go there by train , coach or plane

• permission: You can go when the light is green

• laws: People couldn't vote at eighteen when I was young

We use the correct form of be able to for ability in tenses where there is no appropriate form of can

I /'11 be able to paint your kitchen next weekend/They won't be able to come to your party

1 Choose the correct alternatives

We _ forget it's Dad's 50"<birthday next

month

a don't have to C mustn't

b can't

2 You _ b y a season ticket but a daily

ticket is more expensive

a mustn't C can't

b don't have to

3 The law is that everybody _ pay tax

If you don't pay, you could go to prison

a don't have to c has to

b can

4 Unfortunately, I _ see the manager so

I wrote to her instead

a couldn't c didn't have to

6 It's my girlfriend's birthday next week

I really _ remember to buy her a present

a don't have to c must

b can

7 I'll be on holiday in the mountains at

Christmas so I _ meet you in town

a won't be able to c couldn't

b mustn't

8 I _ have friends to stay at the weekend

- my parents don't mind

10 We _ forget about next week's test

- the teacher reminds us in every lesson!

a can't C ought not to

b must

11 What do you think? _ I wear my blue

shoes or the black ones?

b Should

2 Complete the questions with the correct forms of the

words in the box

can be able to have to (x2) must €ffi!lG

In the UK

Could women vote in the 1920s?

Do you carry identification?

2 we really talk about this now?

3 young people get married at 16

His and hers

3 Complete the short answers for the questions in Exercise 2

Dear Ted Edwards, Thank you for your appi' l' f

solic i tor We would like trc~ J~n or the post of tra i nee

' 0 Invite you to atte d

~ntervJew at 10.00 on Man n ar:

IS inconvenient, please let day ~5th J~ne If ~hls t im e

me now Immedrately

preas~ 8:rive at Our offices at 9 45

Secunty IS strict in the bu'ld' and ask for me

letter with you and so r rng SO you must bring this for example a driving r,;;e o t her form of iden t ification, also bring your ori i al en~e or passport Please

for us to check w~ :illc~:cates and qualifications will be able to take the e copies of these so you

of the interview m away wIth you at the e n d

~~::~~~~~e;:i~~~~~~h:r~ i~ an interview task

interview for discussion n nng It along to the

I look forward to meeting you on Monday

Well done When is it?

Monday She says I 'have to / can ring her if

I 'can't /'m not able to go

What time do you 3need to / must be there?

The interview is at 10.00 but I 'could / have

to arrive at 9.45 for a security check I 'must / can use my driving licence or passport as ID

Is there anything else? You 'must / need read the letter carefully - do you 'need to / be able

to do any preparation?

Yes, I 'need to / could take my certificates

I don't know where they are

Well, you 9don 't ha ve to / have to find them! You really lOought to / don't have to keep them somewhere safe Do they want to keep them?

Er, no, I "slwuldn't / don't have to leave them

- they'll make copies And there is a task

You I2can't / don't have to leave it until the

last minute You !3're able to / should start

it now and do a little bit every day And I think you "should / have to check that your suit is clean

Yeah, good idea

33

LISTENING

1 IillI Listen to the conversation Write K for Karen,

o for Karen's dad and M for Karen's mum next to

statements 1-3

Parents today are much stricter than

2 Parents today are about as strict as

3 Parents today are not as st rict as

2 IillI Read questions 1-5 Listen again and choose

the best alternatives

The conve rsation takes place

b asked her Mum yeste rda y about th e party

c asked her Dad yesterday about the party

d asked both parents yesterday about the

d might finish after midnight

5 Karen has to be home

Molly

Teacher

Molly

Teacher Molly

Is it OK 11 was wonae'f'1,~ if 1 could leave early tfus Thursday ernoon , I'm afraid you can't / If you must

There is an important test at 3.30 - if you miss i t, you will have to do the

co urse again

Sorry, I'd forgotten about that

2 Can 1/ Do you mind if I come in lat e

No, 3 I don't / I'm afraid you can't but you must get the notes from another

st ud e nt

Thank you I've one more question

4 Could I possibly / I can come to yo ur

after-school d ebating society?

'No, I don't / Yes, of course

Thank you very much

2 Complete the conversation

l ater 21 _ _ it OK i _ _ 1 wear your blue T -shirt?

Yes, 3a _ _ I _ a _ _ yo u wash it after the party

'S _ _ One more thing: 'D _ _

y _ _ m _ _ i _ _ 1 take that CD

to the party?

'N _ _ , I d _ _ - 1 don't like it

Thanks ! You're the best!

WRITING I A letter to an ed itor

You read an article in your local

newspaper arguing that all schools

should make their pupils wear school

uniforms Decide if you agree and

then write a letter to the editor giving

your opinion Write 200-250 words

1 Use a formal style,

starting with Dear

and ending with

Yours faithfully - Dear Editor

2 Start by referring to

the article you are

writing about and

giving your opinion

on it

5 Quote ideas and

opinions from the

high school, I was interested in what the article had to say

However, I cannot agree with Mr Taylor's conclusions

First of all, I disagree with Mr Taylor's point that uniforms are attractive Surely it is better for pupils to be individuals and choose the clothes they look best in Although some pupils may look great in a white shirt or a blue dress, not all

I In my opinion, school uniforms do not solve the problems that Mr Taylor claims Instead, they reduce individuality and make schools less relaxed places and more like the army

Perhaps if Mr Taylor likes uniforms so much he should wear one himself instead of telling school pupils what to wear

Yours faithfully,

Suzy Brown, Newcastle

His and hers

3 Refer to your own experience or backgrow1d where appropriate

4 Introduce each argument in a new paragraph Use

linking words to

introduce each point and to sequence your points

1 Read the task, the notes and the letter/article

and study the information Then underline words

or phrases which do these things

2 Choose the topic (1-3) which interests you most Write

• add information or introduce

a different idea

• put the points in order

• refer to points made in the original

article

a letter to a newspaper about an article on this topic Use

the letter above to help you

1 All eighteen-year-olds should do national service

2 Space exploration is a waste of time and money

3 Urtiversity students should pay for their own education

Remember to

• plan your letter and make notes

• use a formal, controiled style

• present your points logically in separate

paragraphs

• use linking words to connect ideas

• check your work carefully

3S

spend the night

stay out late

change a light bulb

clear the table

iron your clothes

make your bed

mop the floor

set the table

sweep the floor

take out the rubbish

wash your clothes

modest nasty optimistic outgoing personality pOlite/impolite practical/impractical predictable/unpredictable proud

reckless reliable/unreliable rude

secure/insecure self-centred self-disciplined sensitive

shrewd shy sociable/unsociable

stubborn thoughtful timid tolerant/intolerant unconventional upset

worried

School

attend (a school)

behave boarding school

classroom coeducational

comprehensive school

day school

discipline exchange programme fee-paying school high school

independent school

school subject single-sex school state school

Other

accurate advise career fix (v)

harmless impress join (v)

military service

opportunity peace and quiet prevent refuse rehearsal role

shade stereotype

taste (n)

VOCABULARY

1 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets

H e is a brilliant teac h e r , a ge ni us , but he's

very intolerant (to l e r ate) of l aziness

H e didn't come to the meeting again H e's so _ _ _ ( e l y) !

2 No n ee d to be so (aggress i on)!

I was only ask in g a question!

3 Now m y g r eat-grandfather i s getting o l der,

he's becoming more (forget)

4 Nothing eve r depresses him H e's always so

_ _ _ _ (optimism) about things

5 D o this! Do that ! H o nestl y, I' ve never known anyone so (boss)

6 Wha t I lik e best abo u t her i s that she's so

:- _ _ _ (modesty), eve n though she's very

talented

7 You need to make important decisions quick l y

in this job so you must be (decide)

8 P oo r L eo can never make up hi s mind - h e's

the most (decide) person I know

9 H e's the same age as me but he's lik e a ' littl e

baby at times, ju st so (mat ur e)

2 Choose the incorrect collocations There is at least one incorrect collocation in each set

set / clear / ( sweep I the table

mop / hang up / d o the dishes

3 sweep / set / mop t h e fioor

4 put / clear / change a light bulb

5 make / set / change your bed

3 Choose the correct alternatives to complete the

Bob I think a woman should stay at home

and learn to play the Irole 1 stereotype

of a good wife so she can entertain her

husband's colleagues

Mia I knew you'd say something like that!

You're so 'unconventional 1 predictable

You couldn't be more wrong in my opinion

I don't want to spend all my time at home

I 'reJuse 1 prevent to spend all my time

Bob No need to get upset You always take

things so 'personally 1 delicately! Calm

down

Anna What's going on at school? Any 'fun-loving

1 Junny stories to tell?

Rachel Well, Paul tried to cheat in his maths exam

Anna Did he? That was pretty 'harmless 1

reckless ! Imagine if he got caught! He'd be

in real trouble

Rachel Exactly! In maths as well! Everybody

knows Mr Andrews is the 7meanest 1

strictest teacher in the school

Anna Yeah, but he wasn't caught and he

got better marks than 8thoughtjUl 1

conscientious students who prepared for

the test properly It's not fair!

Harry What's your new school like?

Amy Well, it's private, which means it's a

'jee-paying / comprehensive school We've

got some interesting IOsubjects 1 topics too

like philosophy and history of art '

Harry Sounds great! I can't wait till I'm old

enough to go to Ilday 1 high school

Amy It's not all perfect though I'm not sure I

like 12coeducational 1 single-sex schools

as much I miss having boys in the class

4 Choose the correct alternatives

I loved comics as a teenagers but I've grown

Don't make fun with / in 1 oJyour little sister

-it upsets her

2 The teacher told me off Ion lout for not doing

my homework on time

3 My brother and I get in 1 on lout well

4 They were arguing all week but they've made

in 1 off 1 up with each other now, thank

goodness

5 She's not as good as you but that's no reason

to look up 1 down / at on her

6 My parents are going out this evening so I've

got to look at 1 Jor 1 after my little brother

7 Sue fell on lout 1 up with her boyfriend at the

weekend She's not even speaking to him now

His and hers

S Choose the words which describe people's personalities and match them with the definitions

a clever and with good judgement 0

b pessimistic and always seeing the worst 0

c always giving people instructions and telling them what to do 0

d not wanting to share anything with

other people, selfish with things 0

Extend your vocabulary

Common French expressions in English English has lots of loan ('borrowed') words and phrases from other languages, for example,faux

pas is from French The phrases may have the same meaning in both languages or they may have evolved differently in the two languages,

e.g souvemr (Fr) = a memory; souvenir (Eng) =

a small gift or 'reminder' of a place visited

1 Study the definitions Use them to complete sentences 1-5

au pair jdU ,ped! young person who lives with a family in another country to learn the language

and to look after the children ban appetit I bon "'po,ti :t said at the beginning of

a meal, means 'enjoy your food'

bon voyage Iba n v::)f,YU3/ said before someone goes

on a journey; means 'have a good journey'

critique I kri , ti: kI a detailed analysis of the problems

of, for example, political ideas

cuisine I kwi ,zi :n l a particular style of cooking, for

example, Indian cuisine is often spicy

en suite /on,swi:t1 an en suite bedroom has an

attached, private bathroom

faux pas ;f~u ,po:/ an embarrassing social mistake fiance (male) Ifiancee (female) lfi,onsetl the person

someone is engaged to marry

'Goodbyel This time tomorrow, we'll be on the

beach in Australia!' 'Bon voya~e!'

We're going to employ an to help

with the children and housework

2 This is my , Adam He asked me

to marry him on Valentine's Day

3 I love pasta - I think Italian is the

best in the world

4 I made a terrible at the party

-I asked George abou his girlfriend and they'd

split up that afternoon It was so embarrassing

5 ' !' 'Thank you - I'm sure I'll enjoy

it, I always love your cooking"

37

SELF-ASSESSMENT TEST 2 I UNITS 3-4

VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

1 Complete the sentences with the correct words from

accused sente nc e jm!ge jury la wyer

wit n es s es victim

Th e jud<;le told her she wo uld go to prison for

three month s

Th e returned after five hour s and

their spokesman s aid that t h e man was g uil ty

5 She said i t wasn't h er but there were three

_ _ _ _ who had seen her d o it

6 Ev ery on e knew s h e was g uilt y but she h ad an

exce llent a nd s h e was set free

2 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the

words in capital letters (6 points

I'm s ure community service would b e better

for him than prison COMMUN E

When we got home, the were st ill

upstairs BURGLE

2 Police were called out to a in t h e

Hi g h Street ROB

3 H e was a rr ested for being a whe n

sec urit y guards found a frozen c hi c k en under

hi s coat SHOPLlFT

4 Luckily h e didn't go to prison but was se n t on

a programme in stea d

REHABILITATE

5 [ co uldn't believe ho w mu ch mindless

_ _ t h e r e was in the city VANDAL

6 Th e problem o f abuse at football

grounds in Britain is mu c h l ess than it was

3 Complete the sente ces with a characte adjective

The first letter of each word has ben given (6 points)

H e does everyt hin g so ca r e full y and we ll and

h e's never la zy or lat e H e's the most

conscientious person I'v e ever met

H e never remembers anything

H e's so f, _ _ _ _

2 I don 't think yo u 'll get h e r to change h e r mind She's too s, _ _ _ _

3 Six hour s of s hoppin g a nd yo u still hav e n't

bought a n y presents Yo u ' ll hav e to sta rt

being more d o r there won't be any

tim e to buy anything this year

4 She nev e r thinks of anybody els e, ju st h e rself all the time She's so s, _ _ _ _

5 I knew exac tl y how h e was going to react and w hat h e was going to say H e's suc h

a p person

6 No, I won't do y our hom ewo rk for you

Don't be so I !

<I Choose the correct alternatives (6 points)

I n the old days, criminals knew th e ir place Once we had ar re sted someo n e , we didn 't

luse]! used to have an y more t roub l e from them These young c riminal s lought / should to

respect us po li ce m e n more I remember o ld

Bob Whenever we arrested him, he 'would / could co m e qui etly and politely H e knew h e

"must / had to s it and wait while we typ e d up

our report s H e always aske d if h e " could / can

smo ke and eve n though we knew that we

' shouldn't / mustn't g i ve him cigarettes, we

always did Th e r e was no rule that said we

co uldn't but the inspect o r thought it look ed

bad Old Bob spe nt mo s t o f hi s lif e in prison

H e "didn't use to / wouldn't like lif e outside

very mu c h H e was always much happier in hi s

wa rm ce ll s urrounded by all his friends

S Complete the text with one word in each gap (6 points)

I starte d at my n ew school t hi s week - a

coed uca t onal co mpr e h e n s i ve with over 1 500 students in it What a s ho ck B efore t h e summe r holiday s, I lli;Q been going to a gir l s' schoo l

It was a st ri ct sc hool I I to h ate the

uniform a nd 2 do anything to avoid

wea ring it but, after I 3 m ove d away,

I missed i t I r e m em b e r t h at we had '~ _ _ _

wear a h at on Frida ys and o e wee k I ' _ _ _ _

walking arowld bare-headed and 6 the

h ea dmi st r ess saw m e s h e was not impr essed

She called my parents in because of that! I

doubt if anyone here knows w hat a hat is!

I came to Poland in September 1991, over two

decades ago now, and by the end of my second year

in Poland I had had quite a few adventures,

including nearly getting arrested just a month after

I arrived

It happened one night after a party It was quite

late, around one o'clock in the morning or so, and I

was walking home by myself I had been at a

birthday party for the sister of a friend of a friend of

mine and as my flat was not too far away - about a

instead of spending money on a taxi, even though

the night wasn't too warm It was a nice walk along

quiet roads until, with a scream of tyres as it raced

around a corner, a car suddenly appeared ahead of

me The car stopped next to me and the driver got

out and ran away without a word; su r pr i sed, I

simply stood there trying to decide what to do

_Uter a moment another car appeared: a police car,

also driving fast, chasing the flrSt one The police

stopped behind the first car and one of the police

officers got out and told me to get into the back of

his car, which I did

:>Jow, I had only been in Poland for a few weeks at

this time and my Polish was not exactly fluent In

fact I couldn't put two words together, so there was

not a chance I could understand the kind of fast

questions the policeman was asking me So every

time he asked me a question, I answered with "I

don't speak Polish Do you speak English?"

Unfortunately, he didn't However, after a moment

of this his partner took a small black box, like a

large mobile phone, out of a bag and gave it to me

_-I.t first I wasn't sure what it was - it was dark in the

car, after all-but when I looked closely I saw it had

and several buttons and lights on it Gratefully, I

took the radio, thinking the policeman must want

me to speak to somebody at the station, probably

somebody who spoke English, and started to speak:

"Hello? Hello? Do you speak English? Hello?" Then

the policeman showed me that the box was not for

speaking into but for blowing into oh dear!

In the end the policemen were very helpful Once

they understood I was not the driver of the other

car they asked for my address and gave me a lift

home, which took less time than walking and cost

less money than a taxi "All the same though", I

thought as I went to bed, "next time I think I'll

walk"

READING SKILLS

6 Read the extract For questions 1-4, choose the correct answer For questions 5-8, choose true (T) or false (F) (8 points)

b his flat was quite close

3 The author's Polish was

5 The author knew the party host well 0

COMMUNICATION

7 Complete the dialogues with one word in each gap (7 points)

work! I've got an exam tomorrow

later

lecture? I have to go to the dentist

copy the notes later

G I'm sorry, but I was 6 if I could open the window

H I'm 7 , you can't None of the windows open on this train

39

What a disaster!

GRAMMAR

Future predictions

Willfor opinion-based predictions

We use will for predictions based on

I know she won't be late because she never is

Mightfor uncertain predictions

We use the modal verb might for predictions we are less

sure about:

He might win the Oscar for best actor

She might not want to see a disaster film

Note The modal verb may is also used for uncertain

predictions

He may win = He might win

Expressing degrees of certainty

We use adverbs of certainty, e.g definitely, certainly,

probably, possibly to say how sure we are about

something in the future They go

• between will and the main verb in positive sentences:

They 'll definitely get married next year

• before won 't in negative sentences:

They probably won't get married next year

We can also use other phrases to express degrees of

certainty:

It's a long journey, they're sure to be hungry when they

arrive

It's unlikely to snow at this time of the year

1 Match the words and phrases with the level of

cars / not use petrol

(50%) (possibly / certainly)

Cars possibly won't use petrol

international companies / be more powerful

than governments

The fire definitely started in the cellar

2 With today's computers certainly we can

predict the weather better than in the past

3 I'm not very confident about this exam but I'll

probably pass

4 The weather forecast was good It will

probably be warmer tomorrow

5 They definitely won't be visiting at the weekend

6 Bayern Mwuch are to likely have problems

this season

7 I won'tpefinitely work as hard as this next year

8 There is one thing which is sure to happen:

o e day humans will maybe visit Mars