Inside the tardis the worlds of doctor WHO

Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com INSIDE THE TARDIS The Worlds of Doctor Who A Cultural History James Chapman LB T A U R I S L O N D O N - NEW YORK J www.Ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com \ PN DOT Published in 2006 by I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd Salem Road, London W2 4BU 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 www.ibtauris.com In the United States of America and in Canada distributed by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of St Martin's Press 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 Copyright © James Chapman, 2006 The moral rights of the author have been asserted All rights reserved Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher HB ISBN 10: 84511 162 HB ISBN 13:978 84511 162 PB ISBN 10: 84511 163 X PB ISBN 13:978 84511 163 A full CIP record for this book is available from the British Library A full CIP record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Library of Congress catalog card: available Typeset in Minion by Steve Tribe, Andover Printed and bound in Great Britain by TJ International * i J 5' www.Ebook777.com Contents Acknowledgements Introduction vii 1 A Space-Age Old Curiosity Shop (1963-1966) 12 Monsters, Inc (1966-1969) 49 Earthbound (1970-1974) 75 High Gothic (1975-1977) 98 High Camp (1977-1980) 118 New Directions (1980-1984) 134 Trials of a Time Lord (1985-1989) 153 Millennial Anxieties (1996) 173 Second Coming (2005) 184 Appendices I Lost Episodes 203 II Production Credits 207 Notes 219 Bibliography 243 Index 249 Acknowledgements This book would have been impossible to research were it not for the BBC Written Archives Centre at Caversham, Reading, a delightful archive in which to work, and I am indebted to its staff, most especially to Jacqueline Kavanagh, Julie Snelling and Karen White, who did so much to make my extended research into the Doctor Who production files throughout the long hot summer of 2003 such a pleasurable and rewarding experience Other libraries that I have used in the preparation of this book are the National Library of the British Film Institute and the Open University Library Many of the ideas explored in this book have taken shape through conversation with friends, colleagues, fellow Doctor Who aficionados and casual acquaintances in the Caversham tea room, including, but not limited to, Philip Chaston, John Cook, Nicholas Cull, Steven Gregory, Matthew Hilton, Nathalie Morris, Eric Peterson, Thomas Ribbits, Oliver Redmayne, Jeffrey Richards, Susan Sydney Smith and Michael Williams A special note of thanks to Steve Tribe for his eagle-eyed copy-editing, and for saving my blushes regarding certain fan myths It was my commissioning editor at I.B.Tauris, Philippa Brewster, who suggested I should write this book - an offer I was delighted to accept - and for 'The Doctor' what I had already done for James Bond (Licence To Thrill) and the British adventure series of the 1960s (Saints and Avengers) In this sense Inside the Tardis completes a triptych of studies of British fantasy-adventure narratives in which I have argued that popular culture can be taken seriously without recourse to the impenetrable critical language of high theory The Doctor may have Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com viii INSIDE THE TARDIS conquered Daleks, Cybermen and Ice Warriors, but would he survive an encounter with Foucault, Derrida or Deleuze? This book will also be the last I write while teaching at The Open University It seems an appropriate time to acknowledge the role of my colleagues in the History Department in fostering a climate in which I have been able to pursue my own research interests and for tolerating my obsession with secret agents, Avengers heroines and Time Lords For their friendship, as much as for their generous support at the outset of my academic career, I am particularly indebted to Tony Aldgate and Arthur Marwick This book is dedicated, with love, to the memory of my grandmother, Priscilla Mary Ruthven (1911-2004) www.Ebook777.com Introduction Let me get this straight A thing that looks like a police box, standing in a junk­ yard, it can move anywhere in time and space? Ian Chesterton (William Russell) in 'An Unearthly Child' In a 1999 British Film Institute poll of television critics and professionals, Doctor Who was voted the third-best British television programme of all time While this is testimony to the series' special place in British television history, the fact that Doctor Who should be chosen ahead of more ostensibly prestigious fare such as Boys from the Blackstuff, Brideshead Revisited and 7, Claudius is also indicative of the growing legitimation of popular culture as a subject worthy of serious attention Doctor Who belongs to the genre of science fiction (SF), which remains largely beyond the pale of critical respectability Can we really take seriously a series in which a benevolent alien travels around the universe in a space-and-time machine that outwardly resembles an obsolete Prussian blue police telephone box? No less remarkable about the BFI's selection of Doctor Who as the third-best series is that at the time of the poll it had not been in regular production for a decade and appeared to all intents and purposes to be consigned forever to that ethereal afterlife of 'classic' television that is the cable channel UKTV Gold The BBC's announcement in the autumn of 2003 that Doctor Who was to return in a new series - and, furthermore, that it would be accorded the level of production resources that it had always deserved but had rarely received - was greeted with much jubilation by the series' legions of fans INSIDE THE TARDIS Doctor Who is often described in such terms as the 'longest-running TV SF series' in television history It may even be the longest-running popular drama series, other than soap operas, ever made Doctor Who was in continuous production at the BBC for some twenty-six years, from 1963 to 1989, running longer than the police series Dixon of Dock Green (1955-1976) and the American Western series Gunsmoke ( 1955— 1975) - probably its closest two rivals in terms of longevity - and over­ taken in recent years only by the comedy series Last of the Summer Wine (beginning in 1972), which, however, has been produced in shorter sea­ sons and has notched up barely a third of Doctor Who's 695 episodes Certainly in comparison to Star Trek - which remains the only SF ad­ venture series to rival it in international popularity and the extent of its fan base - Doctor Who was both the first and the longest in production How can we account for the longevity of Doctor Who'? To answer this question we need to consider both the series' production strategies and its content In their cultural studies analysis of the series, Doctor Who: The Unfolding Text, John Tulloch and Manuel Alvarado describe Doctor Who as 'a text that unfolds according to a wide range of institutional, professional, public, cultural and ideological forces' These include, but are not limited to, the production practices of the BBC, the competing demands of 'educational' and 'popular' television, the narrative and discursive strategies of the SF genre and the different modes of performance associated with the various 'stars' who have appeared in the series Tulloch and Alvarado argue that 'in terms of the production context, range of characters and characterisations, generic form, range and size of audience, Doctor Who represents a site of endless transformations and complex weavings as well as a programme of increasing institutional stability and public popularity.' Ironically, those words were written just as the popularity of Doctor Who began to decline in the mid 1980s Within a few years, the hostility towards the series of Michael Grade, at the time Controller of BBC1, would reveal a level of institutional instability that Tulloch and Alvarado could not have foreseen Although, on that occasion, Doctor Who was spared extermination, its eventual demise in 1989 - and its successful resurrection in 2005 - are useful reminders that the history of any longrunning television series involves not just the internal history of the programme itself but also the external history of the television industry that produces it INTRODUCTION Perhaps the key to the longevity of Doctor Who has been its format, which has proved malleable enough to respond flexibly both to changing broadcasting ecologies and to cultural determinants from inside and outside the BBC Doctor Who is - or rather was for most of its history - a hybrid of the episodic series (like the police or Western series) and the continuous serial (like the soap opera) in that it was a series of serials: each production season comprised a number of different individual stories that would run for, typically, four or six weeks This format allows greater flexibility than either an episodic series (where each episode has to be more or less complete in itself) or a continuous serial (where individual storylines remain subordinate to the overall narrative) Doctor Who has thus been able to utilise a wider range of narrative devices and thematic motifs than most other SF adventure series During its first three production seasons, indeed, Doctor Who alternated SF adventures with historical stories It is not tied to the space opera format of, say, Star Trek or Babylon 5, or to the existential 'human nature' theme of other time-travel series such as Quantum Leap It is coded neither as 'serious' SF in the tradition of The Quatermass Experiment nor as comedy in the manner of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy or Red Dwarf The fact that Doctor Who is able to be all of these things at different moments indicates the flexibility of its format in exploring a wide range of narrative possibilities and genre templates The longevity of Doctor Who is due in large measure, therefore, to the series' ability to renew and refresh its own format Nowhere is this more apparent than in the 'regeneration' of the lead character, who is capable, quite literally, of becoming an entirely different person This was originally a short-term solution to the deteriorating health of the first 'Doctor Who', actor William Hartnell, but it developed into part of the series' mythos and became a strategy for renewal Each new actor cast as the Doctor has brought a different characterisation and style of performance to the part Hartnell (1963-1966) had been a grumpy old man whose irritability with his companions was matched only by his insatiable scientific curiosity His dress suggested a late-Victorian or Edwardian gentleman and his habit of holding his lapels whilst delivering a moralising monologue imbued him with the authority of a schoolmaster Patrick Troughton ( 1966-1969), who took over after three years, played the Doctor as a Chaplinesque clown with baggy trousers and a recorder His three years in the role saw a shift in the series' INSIDE THE TARDIS production strategy towards younger companions and more monster and invasion stories The next incumbent was Jon Pertwee (1970-1974), whose arrival coincided with the series' shift to colour His Doctor was a dandy gentleman adventurer in a ruffled shirt and velvet jacket who belonged to the same heroic pedigree as John Steed and Adam Adamant He spent much of his time marooned on Earth at the behest of his own people, who, it now transpired, were a powerful race known as the Time Lords The fourth incarnation, Tom Baker (1974-1981), was the most eccentric 'Doctor Who' of all, a bohemian middle-aged student-type whose floppy hat and absurdly long scarf were suggestive of countercultural associations His quirk was to carry a bag of jelly babies that he would offer to bewildered aliens unaccustomed to the delights of British confectionery The Fifth Doctor, Peter Davison (1981-1984), was a younger, more vulnerable but nobly heroic character whose mode of dress, Edwardian cricket attire, asserted his association with a particular 'heritage' image of Englishness Doctor No 6, Colin Baker (1984-1986), brought an edginess to the role that had been absent since Hartnell's time, while the seventh incarnation, Sylvester McCoy (1987-1989, 1996), restored the mystery of the Doctor's origins by suggesting he was a manipulator of events and people for his own ends The short-lived Eighth Doctor, Paul McGann, who starred in a one-off television film in 1996, was a Romantic hero in the mould of Percy Bysshe Shelley, while the 2005 revival of the series brought us a crop-haired, leather-jacketed Doctor with a northern accent in the person of Christopher Eccleston At the time of writing Doctor No 10 has recently been announced as David ('Casanova') Tennant, whose ill-fitting pinstripe suit and loose tie give him a contemporary but casual, rather louche, appearance The changing face and characterisation of the Doctor is the most visible sign of the series' strategy of periodic renewal, though there are many others These include the different 'companions' who travel with him (preferably, though not exclusively, young and female), the occasional revisions to the series' signature music and title sequence and even changes to the interior design of the Doctor's time-and-space machine the TARDIS (though its exterior appearance - the result of a broken 'chameleon circuit' - has remained constant throughout) These changes to the internal history of the series often reflect external factors The ability of Doctor Who to respond to social and cultural change is another explanation for its longevity In this regard it is difficult to agree Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com INTRODUCTION with Piers D Britton and Simon I Barker, in their otherwise admirable study of design and visual style in British telefantasy, that Doctor Who 'largely ignored contemporary social change' or that it'derived its subtlety in part from being out of touch with the changing realities of life in postcolonial Britain' Rather, as Nicholas I Cull has persuasively argued, Doctor Who should be seen as a 'text of its time' that 'became an arena for exploring emerging issues in British life between 1963 and 1989' These issues include, but are not limited to, the decline of British power, the retreat from empire, the rise of technocracy, environmentalism, industrial unrest and changes in the role and status of women in society To this extent, Doctor Who demonstrates the potential of SF for allegory: ostensibly concerned with projecting images of what the future might be like, SF narratives in literature, film and television may also offer commentaries on the present The format of Doctor Who places it directly in the historical lineage of British literary SF Indeed, it draws explicitly upon two of the found­ ing texts of the genre The influence of H.G Wells's The Time Machine (1895) is evident not only in the time-travel premise but also in the series' frequently dystopian vision of the future Numerous Doctor Who serials employ Wells's motif of societies where the moral distinctions between civilisation and savagery (the Eloi and the Morlocks in Wells's novel) are often confused And the SF template that Doctor Who em­ ploys most frequently - the invasion narrative - can be traced back di­ rectly to Wells's The War of the Worlds (1898), in which the Martians first land in Woking One of the quaint conventions of classic Doctor Who is that alien invasions of the Earth invariably centre on London and the Home Counties - though the reason for this probably has more to with production economies than it does with the strategic significance of south-eastern England The invasion narrative reflects a contradic­ tory sense of national awareness On the one hand, it expresses a sense of paranoia and insecurity: the nation is vulnerable to alien (for which read foreign) invasion and proves unable to resist a technologically su­ perior force until it is saved by the advanced scientific knowledge of the Doctor On the other hand, it also suggests a perverse sense of national self-importance and prestige: as long as alien invaders deem it necessary to take over the British Isles as a prelude to their conquest of the Earth, the illusion of Britain as a great power is maintained (It is significant in this regard that American adaptations of The War of the Worlds for www.Ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com 248 INSIDE THE TARDIS Chapman, James,'The BBC and the censorship of The War Game (1965)', Journal of Contemporary History, vol.41, no.l (January 2006), pp.75-94 Cook, John R., 'Adapting telefantasy: The Doctor Who and the Daleksfilms',in I.Q Hunter (ed.), British Science Fiction Cinema (London: Routledge, 1999), pp.113-27 Cook, John R., '"Between Grierson and Barnum": Sydney Newman and the development of the single television play at the BBC, 1963-7', Journal of British Cinema and Television, vol.1, no.2 (2004), pp.211-25 Cull, Nicholas J., '"Bigger on the inside ": Doctor Who as British cultural history', in Graham Roberts and Philip M Taylor (eds), The Historian, Television and Television History (Luton: University of Luton Press, 2001),pp.95-lll Cull, Nicholas J., 'Peter Watkins' Culloden and the alternative form in historical filmmaking', Film International, no.l (2003), pp.48-53 Fiske, John, 'Doctor Who: Ideology and the reading of a popular narrative text', Australian Journal of Screen Theory, nos 14-15 (1983) Leman, Joy, 'Wise scientists and female androids: class and gender in science fiction', in John Corner (ed.), Popular Television in Britain: Studies in Cultural History (London: British Film Institute, 1991), pp.108-24 McKee, Alan, 'Which is the best Doctor Who story? A case study in value judgements outside the academy', Intensities: The Journal of Cult Media, no.l (2001) (available at: www.cult-media.com/issuel/Amckee.htm) — , ' I s Doctor Who political?', European Journal of Cultural Studies, vol.7, no.2 (2004),pp.201-17 MacMurraugh-Kavanagh, M.K., 'The BBC and the birth of The Wednesday Play, 1962-66: "institutional containment" versus "agitational contemporaneity'", Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, vol.17, no.3 (August 1997), pp.367-81 Tulloch, lohn, 'Doctor Who: Similarity and difference', Australian Journal of Screen Theory, nos 11-12 (1982), pp.8-24 www.Ebook777.com Index A for Andromeda 16 A-Team, The 159 Aaronovitch, Ben 163, 164, 165 Abominable Snowman, The 67 'Abominable Snowmen, The' 67 Acheson, James 105 Adam Adamant Lives! 57 Amblin Entertainment 175 Amicus Films 46 Amin, Idi 117 Anderson, Gerry 76, 185 Anderson, Michael 129 Anderson, Poul 17, 27 'Android Invasion, The' 100 'Androids of Tara, The' 126-7 Adam, Kenneth 14 Adams, Douglas 89, 122, 129-33, 135, 169 Andromeda Breakthrough, The 16 Adventures of Sir Lancelot, The 23 'Apple, The' (Star Trek) 70 Ainley, Anthony 144 Aldiss, Brian 15 Aldred, Sophie 170 Aldrin, Buzz 74 'Arc of Infinity' 137, 145, 156 'Ark, The' 39 'Ark in Space, The' 101 Armageddon Alien 101, 137 Armageddon Factor, The' 125 'Aliens of London' 188,191, 194, 201 Armchair Theatre 14 All Creatures Great and Small 142 Allan Quatermain 65 Allen, Woody 129 Altman, Robert 143,193 Alvarado, Manuel 2,6, 72, 149 'Ambassadors of Death, The' 78, 81, 84-5 'Apollo' space programme 60, 74 181 Armstrong, Neil 74 Army Game, The 23 Arnold, Jack 42, 68 Ashbrook, Daphne 178 Asimov, Isaac 16,99 'Attack of the Cybermen' 157,158-9, 165 250 INSIDE THE TARDIS Austen, Jane 174 Avengers, The 57, 68, 78,83, 126, 168, 172 'Awakening, The' 146 Awful Dr Orloff, The 117 'Aztecs, The' 32, 33-4 Big Brother 197 Big Finish 186,188 Birt, John 174 Black Hole, The 123 Black, Ian Stuart 61 'Black Orchid' 136, 137, 142, 143 Black Scorpion, The 68 Babylon 3, 192,193 'Bad Wolf 191, 193, 194,196-7 Bailey, Christopher 149 Baker, Bob 77, 92,96,122,127 Baker, Colin 4, 153, 154,155-6,161, 165,175, 186 Baker, Jane 159 Baker, Pip 159 Baker, Tom 4, 10, 78,98, 104-5, 106, 118, 122-123,124, 126, 135, 137.140, 141, 142,151,155, 156,175 Barker, Simon J 5, 6, 78,110, 137, 138 Barnard, Christiaan 62 Blackman, Honor 57 Blackpool 201 Blade Runner 193 Blake's 116, 156 Bloomfield, lohn 116 'blue screen' 77 Bonanza 76 'Boom Town' 191, 194-5 Boorman, John 198 Boston, Richard 121 Boucher, Chris 110, 122 Boulle, Pierre 40 Boys from the Blackstuff Barrowman, John 191 Barry, Michael 14 Barry, Morris 60 Bradbury, Ray 168 'Brain of Morbius, The' 99,100,106, 108, 109, 114 Braybon, John 17, 18 Bresslaw, Bernard 66 Batman 48 Brideshead Revisited 1,143 Batman: Year One 166 'Bridgehead from Space' 91 Briggs, Asa 82 Briggs, Ian 163, 167 British Board of Film Classification (BBFC)200 British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) 1,2,3, 12, 13, 14,21, 72,98, 118, 120, 134,154-5, 163,172,174-5, 185-6 British Science Fiction Association 15 British Sky Broadcasting 174 Britton, Piers D 5, 6, 78, 110,137, 138 Broadcasters' Audience Research Board (BARB) Broadcasting Act (1990) 174 Baron, The 45 Battle Beyond the Stars 123 'Battlefield' 165,172 Battlestar Galactica 123,124 Baum, Frank L 170 Baverstock, Donald 14, 15, 21,27, 29 Bay, Michael 181 Bayldon, Geoffrey 186 Beauty and the Beast (film) 138 Beauty and the Beast (tv series) 192 Bellingham, Lynda 160 Bentine, Michael 104 Bergman, Ingmar 96 Bidmead, Christopher H 134,136, 139.141, 145, 146,150 INDEX 251 Bron, Eleanor 131 Chaffey, Don 26 Brookside 162 'Changeling, The' (Star Trek) 61 Brothers, The 156 Channel 155,162, 174, 185,187 Brownlow, Kevin 43 Brunner, John 39 Bryant, Nicola 143, 156-7 Bryant, Peter 53,69 Charleson, Ian 143 'Chase, The' 44,45,48 th Buck Rogers in the 25 Century 123, 124,137-8 Budden, lanet 141 Buffy the Vampire Slayer 115,185, 194 Bull, Donald 15,16 Butterworth, Peter 36 Byrne, Johnny 146 Cabinet of Dr Caligari, The 106 Caldwell, John Thornton 8, 192 Cameron, James 61, 179 Camfield, Douglas 44,46,67, 88 Cammell, Donald 61 Campbell, Mark 184 Campion 142 Canterbury Tales, The 191 Captain Scarlet and the Mysterons 84,185 'Carnival of Monsters' 95-6, 128, 144 Carpenter, John 167 Carry On Cleo 36 Carry On Cowboy 37 Carter, Chris 185 Cartmel, Andrew, 163-5,169, 170 Casanova 188,201 Castle ofOtranto, The 100 Castle, Roy 47 'Castrovalva' 134, 139, 140-1, 144, 146 Cat People 171 'Cave of Skulls, The'25 'Caves of Androzani, The' 146-7,157 'Celestial Toymaker, The' 42, 52, 159, 168,205 Chariots of Fire 143 Cheyenne 37 Christie, Julie 16, 56 'Christmas Invasion, The' 200,201 Christopher, lohn 154 Churchill, Winston 102 Circus of Dr Lao, The 168 'City at the Edge of the World' (Blake's 7) 156 'City of Death' 121, 122, 123,125, 130-1, 132 'City on the Edge of Forever' (Star Trek) 199 Clarke, Arthur C 15 Clarke, Kevin 165 Clarke, Noel 191 'Claws of Axos, The' 78, 82 Clayton, Sylvia 84 'Clean-Up TV campaign 112 Cleese, John 131 Coady, Matthew 82, 83 Cochran, Robert 185 Cocteau, Jean 138 Coduri, Camille 191 Collings, David 186 Collinson, Phil 187, 200 Colossus - The Forbin Project 61 Colour Separation Overlay (CSO) 77 Commonwealth Immigration Acts (1968; 1971) 95-6 Communications Act (2003) 196 Constantine, Susannah 197 Cooper, Merian C 100 Corman, Roger 27, 109 Cornell, Paul 188,199 Coronation Street 154, 162, 191 INSIDE THE TARDIS 252 Cotton, Donald 32, 36, 37 Courtney, Nicholas 69 Craze, Michael 56 Creature, The 67 'Creature from the Pit, The 119, 122 Cribbins, Bernard 47 Critchley, Julian 58 Cross, Ben 143 Crossroads 145 Crowden, Graham 104 'Crusade, The' 32, 33, 56,205 CSI: Crime Scene Investigation 185 Cull, Nicholas J 5,86, 184 Culloden 55 Curry, Graeme 169 'Curse of Fatal Death, The' 185, 188 'Curse of Fenric, The' 165, 167-8, 171 'Curse of Peladon, The' 92, ^ Curtiz, Michael 117 Curzon, Jill 47 Cushing, Peter 47, 182 Cusick, Raymond 29 Cussock, Tom 182 'Daemons, The' 78, 89,130, 146 Dale, Jim 104 'Dalek' 190, 193, 194, 195-6,200 'Dalek Invasion of Earth, The' 42^4, 45,53,55,62, 152 'Daleks, The' 26-30,42, 110 Daleks' Invasion Earth 2150 A.D 46-8 'Daleks' Master Plan, The' 44-5, 80, 204,205 Davis, Gerry 50, 52, 53,55,60, 64, 99, 106 Davison, Peter 4, 134, 141-3, 146, 155, 156, 165, 175,178, 186 Day the Earth Caught Fire, The 27 Day the Earth Stood Still, The 62 Day the World Ended, The 27 'Day of Armageddon' 205 'Day of the Daleks' 76, 88-9 Day of the Triffids, The 108 Day-Lewis, Sean 182 De Mille, Cecil B 36,137 'Dead Planet, The' 26 'Deadly Assassin, The' 99, 110-1, 113-4, 152 Death Line 67 'Death to the Daleks' 80 Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, The 92 Deep Impact 181 Delgado, Roger 80-1, 144 'Delta and the Bannermen' 169 Demon Seed 61 'Destiny of the Daleks' 118, 121,129, 130 Dick, Philip K 16 Dicks, Terrance 10,69, 72, 76, 77, 80, 83,84,85,91,94,96,98, 100, 108, 120, 122, 126, 146, 151, 169 Dimbleby, David 111 'Dimensions in Time' 175 Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency 132 Damaged Goods 187 Dixon of Dock Green Dan Dare - Pilot of the Future 28, 30 Dr Finlay's Casebook 18 Danger Mouse 186 'Doctor Dances, The' 198-9 Doctor Who (television series 19631989): audience research 9-10, 25, 26,31,38,45,54,58,60, 'Dark Dimension, The' 175 Dark Knight Returns, The 166 Davies, Russell T 10, 185,187-8, 190, 194,197,201 INDEX 69, 70,71,72,99,105, 109, 114-5, 119, 124, 161; and children 10,29,31,57-9, 64, 99, 113-5; and critics 9,25, 31,52,77,83,84,99,105, 106, 142, 144, 147, 155,157, 160, 163; horror ^ , 57-9, 83-4,101, 106-12, 118,119; origins 12-22; as science fiction (SF) 2,3,5-6, 15-6, 27-8,38-42,53,60-3,66, 69,83,85,87-9,99, 101, 102, 106-7, 125, 129, 136, 139, 149, 150, 163,170; representation of women 6-7,23, 56-7, 79-80, 106, 115-6, 125-6, 156-7, 170-2; viewing figures, 25, 26, 31, 38,52-3, 72,76,99, 110, 120-1, 137-8,145, 154, 158, 159,162, 172; violence 73, 111-4,148, 157-8; visual style 29,53,76-7, 100, 110-1, 116, 135,136-7, 138-9, 141, 146,160 (see also under individual serial/ episode titles) Doctor Who (television movie 1996) 4, 7, 173-83, 188 Doctor Who (television series 2005- ) 2,184-201 (see also under individual episode titles) 'Doctor Who and the Brain-Dead' 94 'Dominators, The' 69 Doomwatch 18 Douglas, Gordon 68 Doyle, Arthur Conan 107 'Dragonfire' 169-70 Dudley, Terence 146 Dyke, Greg 195 'E-Space' trilogy 138 Eagle 28,47 Ealing Studios 76 'Earthshock' 136, 137,143, 145, 146, 147-8 EastEnders 154,162 Eccleston, Christopher 4, 184,188, 189-91,200 Eden, Mark 32 Elliott, John 16 Ellison, Harlan 199 Emmerich, Roland 194 'Empty Child, The' 191, 193, 194, 198-9,200 End of Days 181 'End of the World, The' 184, 191,193, 194 'Enlightenment' 145 'Epic' (The Avengers) 168 Escher.M.E 141 Eternity Lost 17 European Economic Community (EEC) 93 'Evil of the Daleks, The' 53-4,166, 203, 205, 206 Dr Who and the Daleks 46-8 'Doctor Who and the Shape of Terror' 94 'Doctor Who and the Silurians' 78, 81,85-6,185 Doctor Who Magazine 9, 167 Doctor Who Monthly 135 Doctor Who: The Unfolding Text 253 'Face of Evil, The' 115 'Faceless Ones, The' 56 'Father's Day' 171,199-200 Ferry, Bryan 175 Fiddick, Peter 99,106 Fielding, Janet 143 'Final Game, The' 91 254 INSIDE THE TARDIS Finney, Albert 190 Finney, Charles G 168 Fisher, David 122,138 Fisher, Terence 107 'Five Doctors, The' 132, 145, 146, 150-2, 165 Gibbon, Edward 92 Gill, A A 8, 191 Gladiator 193 Glover, Julian, 33,132 Golden Voyage ofSinbad, The 104 Goldfinger 157 Flash Gordon 123 Good Life, The 90 'Flashpoint' 42 Fleischer, Richard 90 Flemyng, Gordon 46 Florey, Robert 117 Fog, The 167 Goodnight Mr Tom 198 Forbidden Planet 109 Ford, Carole Ann 23-4, 55 'Forest of Fear, The' 26, 155 'Four to Doomsday' 144, 145 Four Weddings And A Funeral 179 Fox Television 176 Francis, Derek 36 Franco, Jess 117 Frankenheimer, John 110 Frankenstein 62, 106,108, 180 Franklin, Richard 80 Frakes, Jonathan 194 Frick, Alice 15,16, 17, 18 Friends of the Earth 89 'Frontios' 146, 150 'Full Circle' 136, 137,138, 167 'Fury from the Deep' 51, 66,67-8, 205 'Galaxy Four' 40, 52 Gallagher, Steve 138 Gardner, Julie 187 Garner, James 50 Gatiss, Mark 188 Generation Game, The 113 'Genesis of the Daleks' 99,101-4, 110, 111-2 'Ghost Light' 171 'Ghosts of N-Space, The' 175 Gosford Park 143 Gormley, Joe 95 Gough, Michael 42 Grade, Michael 2,154,159,161 Granada Television 143,154 Grandstand 18 Grange Hill 162 Grant, Hugh 179 Gray, Erin 138 'Greatest Show in the Galaxy, The' 167, 168 'Green Death, The' 89-90, 182 Greenaway, Peter 138 Greene, Hugh Carleton 14 Greenpeace 89 Greifer, Lewis 107 Grierson, John 14 Grimwade, Peter 140, 146 Guardians of Time 17, 20 Guest, Val 27,67 'Gunfighters, The' 32, 37-8, 52, 54 Gunsmoke 2, 37 Haggard, Henry Rider 65,107 Hamilton, Guy 157 Hammer Film Productions 46,65, 96, 108 Hampshire, Susan 16 Hancock, Sheila 169 'Hand of Fear, The' 106 'Happiness Patrol, The' 169 Hardy, Robin 89 Harmer, Juliet 57 INDEX Hartnell, William 3, 10, 12,22-3,49, 50,53,61,72,96,151, 156, 165, 178, 204, 205 Hasselhoff, David 175 Hawks, Howard 66 Hayles, Brian 66,93,94 Hearne, Richard 104 Heath, Edward 92,93 Heggessey, Lorraine 186-7 Herriot, James 142 Hessler, Gordon 104 'Highlanders, The' 54-5 Hill, Jacqueline 23,48 Himmler, Heinrich 102 Hinchcliffe, Philip 10, 98, 99,100, 106,107,112, 114, 116,118, 119, 120, 126, 135 Hines, Frazer 55,56,71, 157 Hitchcock, Alfred 67 Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, The 3,89,129,130, 131, 132,169 Hitler, Adolf 102, 117 Hodges, Mike 123 Hoggart, Simon 157, 158 Holmes, Robert 10, 70,83,95, 98,99, 100, 101, 106, 107-9, 111, 114,116,119, 120, 121,126, 127, 128, 146, 151, 159 Hood, Stuart 60-1 255 Hulke, Malcolm 72, 85, 86, 89, 91 Hurndall, Richard 151 Hustle 185 Hyams, Peter 181 T, Borg' (Star Trek: The Next Generation) 196 J, Claudius Tee Warriors, The' 66, 204,205 Idle, Eric 175 Illsley, John 175 'Image of the Fendahl' 120,121 In Vision Incredible Shrinking Man, The 42 Independence Day 194 Independent Television (ITV) 12,13, 52, 72,119,137,159,174, 187 'Inferno' 78, 84-5 Internecine Project, The 81 'Invasion, The' 68-9, 70, 71, 205 Invasion of the Body Snatchers 83 'Invasion of the Dinosaurs' 81,82, 89, 90-1, 204 'Invasion of Time, The' 120, 122,152 'Invisible Enemy, The' 123 Irish Republican Army (IRA) 86 It Happened Here 43 It's A Knockout 42 Hope and Glory 198 Hope, Anthony 126 Hope, Francis 54, 58 Hordern, Michael 50 'Horns of Nimon, The' 127,128 'Horror of Fang Rock' 121 Houghton, Don 87-8 Howard, Trevor 50 Hoyle, Fred 16 Hudson, Hugh 143 Hudson, June 137 Hughes, Ken 81 Jackson, Martin 105 Jacobs, Matthew 175 Jameson, Louise 115 Jaws 67 Jayston, Michael 160 Jewel in the Crown, The 143 Jewel of the Seven Stars, The 107 John, Caroline 79 Johnson-Smith, Jan 192 Jones, Elwyn 55 Joyce, Paul 138 256 INSIDE THE TARDIS Jude 190 'Leisure Hive, The' 125,136, 137, 138-9 Juke Box Jury 13, 18 Let Him Have It! 190 K9 and Company 135 Karloff, Boris 16 Kaunda, Kenneth 93 'Keeper of Traken, The' 137, 139 Kendall, Kenneth 62 Kennedy, John F 25, Kenyatta, Jomo 93 'Keys of Marinus, The' 39-40,44, 124 'Key to Time' season 120, 124-5 'Kinda' 145,148-50 Letts, Barry 10, 76, 83, 84,91,96,98, 99, 100,104, 120,126,135, 169, 175 Levene, John 80 Levine, Ian 135, 159,204 Lewis, C.S 15 Lloyd, Innes 10, 37,52,53,54,56, 59, 64, 72,84,135 Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp, The 37 Kine Weekly 14 Lime Grove Studios 21 Linden, lennie 47 Ling, Peter 71 King, Geoff 181 Logan s Run 129 King Kong 100 'Logopolis' 136, 137, 139-40 'King's Demons, The' 146 Kinski, Nastassja 172 Kneale, Nigel 15 'Krotons, The' 57, 70 Kubrick, Stanley 61 Kyoto Treaty 182 Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman 179 London, Raymond 54 'Long Game, The' 193,194,196 Lord of the Flies, The 171 Lord of the Rings, The 151 Lost in Space 52 Lambert, Verity 10,22, 52, 72 Land of the Giants 72 Lane, Jackie 55 Lane, Stewart 52, 77 Lang, Fritz 62,128 Langford, Bonnie 170 Langley, Bruno 191 Larson, Glen A 123 Last Detective, The 142 Last of the Summer Wine Last Year at Marienbad 138 Lawrence, Ann 57,60, 64, 73 Le Guinn, Ursula 149 Le Roy, Mervyn 36 League of Extraordinary The 167, 193 Leder, Mimi 181 Gentlemen, Lucarotti, John 32, 33, 36, 101 Lucas, George 123, 129 Ludwig, Edward 68 McCall, Davina 197 McCoy, Sylvester 4, 153, 164-5, 175, 177,186 McDonald, Graeme 119,121, 122 McGann, Paul 4,173, 175, 177,1789, 186, 189 Mackay, Fulton 104 Maclean, Catherine 17 Macleod, Iain 92 Macmillan, Harold 92 'Macra Terror, The' 66,68 Magic Roundabout, The 48 Maigret 14 INDEX Maine, Charles Eric 15, 39 Makarios, Archbishop of Cyprus 93 Maloney, David 116 Moore, Dudley 175 Moore, Roger 50 Morrison, Grant 167 Man from U.N.C.L.E., The 76 Mummy, The 107 Manchurian Candidate, The 110 Murakami, limmy T 123 Manning, Katy 79 'Marco Polo' 32-3,205 'Mark of the Rani, The' 157 Marks, Louis 109 Marter, Ian 106 Martin, Dave 77,92,96, 122, 127 Martin, Philip 157, 159 Martinus, Derek 50,66 Maschwitz, Eric 15 'Masque of Mandragora, The' 109, 113 Murders in the Rue Morgue 117 Masque of the Red Death, The 109 'Massacre, The' 32, 34-5 Maudling, Richard 81 Maverick 50 'Mawdryn Undead' 143, 145 Medak, Peter 190 Menzies, William Cameron 29 Metropolis 62, 128 Miami Vice 192 Miles, Peter 102 Miller, Frank 166 Milne, Alasdair 144 'Mind Robber, The' 42, 57, 70-1, 77, 168 Moffat, Steven 185, 188, 198 Mollo, Andrew 43 Monkey Planet 40 Monocled Mutineer, The 178 'Monster of Peladon, The' 92,94-5 Moody, Ron 50 'Moonbase, The' 49, 60, 64,205 Moonlighting 179,192 Moorcock, Michael 139 Moore, Alan 167 Moore, C.L 17 257 Murdoch, Rupert 174, 196 Murray-Leach, Roger 110 'Mutants, The' 92-3 Mystery of Dr Pu Manchu, The 116 Mystery of the Wax Museum, The 117 'Myth Makers, The' 32, 36-7,45 Nathan-Turner, John 10, 134, 135-7, 142,145,146, 147, 148,150, 151,155, 159,161,164 Nation, Terry 16, 28,29, 32, 39,45, 46,53, 80,84, 101, 130,150 National Association for the Welfare of Children in Hospital (NASWCH) 59 National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) 94-5 National Viewers' and Listeners' Association (NVALA) 9, 112-4, 119 Navy Lark, The 77 Nelson, Gary 123 Neumann, Kurt 171 New Worlds 139 Newell, Mike 179 Newman, Kim 176-7, 182 Newman, Sydney 12, 14,17,19, 20, 22,27, 38,46, 50-1, 72 News Corporation 196 'Nightmare Fair, The' 159 'Nightmare of Eden' 119 Nimoy, Leonard 175 Nineteen Eighty-Pour 68,87 Nixon, Richard 81 No Woman Born 17 Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com INSIDE THE TARDIS 258 Nyby, Christian 66 O'Brien, Maureen 35, 55 Old Curiosity Shop, The 51 Oliver Twist 198 '100,000 BC'25 One Million Years BC 26,115 Orwell, George 68 Our Friends in the North 174, 190 Out of This World 16 Padbury, Wendy 57 Paget, Sidney 116 Pakula,Alan J 81 Pal, George 28 Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO) 86 'Paradise of Death, The' 175 'Paradise Towers' 168-9 Player, The 193 Pol Pot 117 Poliakoff, Stephen Potter, Dennis Powell, Enoch 66-7 Powell, Jonathan 155 'Power of Kroll, The' 119, 120 'Power of the Daleks, The' 52, 56,66, 205 Pride and Prejudice 174 Prisoner of Zenda, The 126-7 Private Eye 132,174 Psycho 67 Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) 123, 144 Purser, Philip 44 Purves, Peter 35, 55 'Pyramids of Mars' 98,99,100,106, 107-8 126 Parallax View, The 81 'Parting of the Ways, The' 193, 194, 197, 200 Peacock, Sir Alan 154 Pedler, Kit 58, 60, 61-4 Pemberton, Victor 53 Pertwee, Jon 4, 11, 75, 77-9, 82, 83, 96, 98, 105,120, 142, 151, 156,175, 178, 185 Quantum Leap Quatermass and the Pit 16, 89 Quatermass Experiment, The 3, 16, Phantom of the Opera, The 107 Randall & Hopkirk (Deceased) 188 Phillips, Rog 16 Read, Anthony 120, 127 Pictures Don't Lie 17 Red Dwarf Piper, Billie 191 'Pirate Planet, The' 122,129 Pixley, Andrew 154 'Planet of Evil' 100, 107,109 'Planet of Fire' 137,146 'Planet of Giants' 41 'Red Fort, The' 32 Redmond, Phil 162 Reid, Beryl 147 'Reign of Terror, The' 32 'Remembrance of the Daleks' 165-6, 177, 194 'Rescue, The' 26 Resnais, Alain 138 'Resurrection of the Daleks' 146, 148 'Revelation of the Daleks' 157 Planet of the Apes 40 'Planet of the Daleks' 80 'Planet of the Spiders' 96-7 Piatt, Marc 163, 164 84 Quatermass II16,82, 83 Queer As Folk 187 Quo Vadis? 36 www.Ebook777.com INDEX 'Revenge of the Cybermen 99, 101, 106, 148 'Ribos Operation, The' 119 Rickman, Alan 175 Rigg, Diana 57 Roberts, Eric 176 Robinson, Anne 197 'Robot' 99, 100,105 'Robots of Death, The' 99, 100, 110 Rohmer,Sax 107, 116 'Romans, The' 32, 36 Root, Antony 145 'Rose' 188, 189, 192-3, 194 Rosenberg, Max J 46,48 Rupert of Hentzau 127 Russell, Eric Frank 17 Russell, William 1,23,55 259 Shearman, Robert 188,194 Sheckley, Robert 129 Shelley, Mary 62 Shelley, Percy Bysshe Shepperton Studios 46 Sheriff of Fractured Jaw, The 37 Sherman, Gary 67 Sherwin, Derrick 53, 64, 69, 71, 74, 85 Shrimpton, Jean 56 Shubik, Irene 16 Shute, Nevile 27 Siegel, Don 83 Sign of the Cross, The 36 'Silver Nemesis' 165,166 Simak, Clifford 17 Simenon, Georges 14 Simons, Judith 155 Sanders of the River 149 Six Million Dollar Man, The 67 Sargent, Joseph 61 'Savages, The' 38,40-1 Saward, Eric, 143,145, 146,151, 158, 159, 163 Sax, Geoffrey 175 Scargill, Arthur 95 Schaffher, Franklin 40 Schell, Catherine 132 Schrader, Paul 172 Schwarzenegger, Arnold 181 Scott, Ridley 101, 193 'Scream of the Shalka' 186 'Sea Devils, The' 85, 86-7,167 Six Wives of Henry VIII, The 116 Seaquest DSV175 Second Coming, The 188,190 'Seeds of Death, The' 60,66 'Seeds of Doom, The' 99, 109, 114 Segal, Philip 175, 176 'Sensorites, The' 39 Seventh Seal, The 96 'Shada' 120, 129,132, 151 Sharp, Kenneth 110 Sladen, Elisabeth 11, 79-80, 106, 175 Sleeper 129 Sloman, Robert 89,96 'Smugglers, The' 50, 52 Something Wicked This Way Comes 168 Sopranos, The 185 Soylent Green 90 'Space Museum, The' 39 'Space Pirates, The' 60 'Spearhead from Space' 76, 78, 81,82, 83,185,201 Spicer, Joanna 21 Spielberg, Steven 67,172, 175 Spooks 185 Spooner, Dennis 32,35, 36,45, 52 Stalin, losef 117 Star Trek 2,8, 87, 111, 175, 182,186, 199 Star Trek: Deep Space Nine 193 Star Trek - The Motion Picture 123 INSIDE THE TARDIS 260 Star Trek: The Next Generation 179, Star Wars 8, 123-4,137, 186 84, 96, 112, 201 'Terror of the Zygons' 99,106 Thatcher, Margaret 154,169 Starship Titanic 129 Them! 68 Starsky and Hutch 119 Thing from Another World, The 66 192,196 'State of Decay' 136,137 Stoker, Bram 107 'Stones of Blood, The' 119, 124 Strand Magazine 116 Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, The 107 Things to Come 29 Thomas, Elizabeth 105 Thomas, Gerald 36, 37 Thompson, Mark 185 'Three Doctors, The' 76, 77, 96 Three to Conquer 17 Strickson, Mark 143 Strutton, Bill 40 Subotsky, Milton 46,48 'Sun Makers, The' 121, 128-9 Surnow, Joel 185 'Survival' 153,171-2 Thunderbirds (tv) 80,185 Thunderbirds (film) 194 'Time-Flight' 146 'Time and the Rani' 164 Survivors 150 'Time Meddler, The' 32, 35-6, 204 Sutton, Sarah 143 Sutton, Sid 136 Swamp Thing 167 Sweeney, The 119 THX1138 129 Tales of Wells Fargo 37 Talkback 58 'Talons of Weng-Chiang, The' 100, 107, 116-7, 126 Tamm, Mary 125 Tarantula 68 Target 116 Tarzan (tv series) 72 Tarzan and the Leopard Woman 171 'televisuality'8,192-3 Tennant, David 4,188, 200-1 'Tenth Planet, The' 49, 50,63-4, 147, 158,204-4 Terminator, The 61 Terminator 2: Judgment Day 179 'Terminus' 145 'Terror of the Autons' 76, 78, 79, 83, Thunderball 157 Time Machine, The 5, 25,28,41,47 Time Out 140, 180 Time Warner 196 'Time Warrior, The' 11,80, 146 'Timelash' 157 Todd, Richard 149 Tolkien, J.R.R 151 'Tomb of the Cybermen, The' 57, 58, 64-6, 112,158,204 Tosh, Donald 52 Touch of Evil 193 Tourneur, Jacques 171 Tovey, Roberta 47 'Trial of a Time Lord, The' 153, 159-61 'Tribe of Gum, The' 25-6 Tripods, The 154 Troughton, Patrick 3-4,49, 50-1, 53, 55,67, 72, 78,96, 141, 151, 156, 157,164,204, 205 Tso.Yee Jee 180 Tulloch, John 2, 6, 72, 149 24 185,194 'Twin Dilemma, The' 155 INDEX Twin Peaks 179, 192 'Warriors of the Deep' 145, 146, 148 'Two Doctors, The' 157 Watchmen 167 2000AD 167 Waterhouse, Matthew 143 Watkins, Peter 27, 55 Watling, Deborah 56 2001: A Space Odyssey 61, 71,160 261 Weakest Link, The 197 UFO 76 'Ultimate Computer, The' (Star Trek) 61 'Underwater Menace, The' 59,64, 205 'Underworld' 121, 127-8 'Unearthly Child, An' 1,12, 24-5,47, 140, 165, 203, 205 Universal Studios 65, 108 Universal Television 172, 173, 175 'Unquiet Dead, The' 189, 191, 194,200 'Web of Fear, The' 66, 67, 205 'Web Planet, The' 38,40, 53, 203 Webber, Cecil 17, 18, 19, 20 Wednesday Play, The Weir, Arabella 186 Welch, Raquel 115 Welles, Orson 193 Wells, H.G 5, 25, 28 West Wing, The 185 Whale, James 106, 180 Vfor Vendetta 167 What Not To Wear 197 Vegoda, Joe 46 'Vengeance on Varos' 157-8 Verne, Jules 182 Viacom 196 'video nasties' 158 Virgin Books 175 'Visitation, The' 137, 145 Vonnegut, Kurt 129 Whedon, Joss 185 'Wheel in Space, The' 64 Wheldon, Huw 29, 44 Whitaker, David 21, 22, 25,26, 32, 38, 52, 53, 64, 85 Whitehouse, Mary 112-4, 148 Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea 72 Wallace, Edgar 107, 149 Waller, Elizabeth 110 Walpole, Horace 100 Walsh, Raoul 37 Walters, Hugh 111 War Game, The 27 'War Games, The' 72-4, 110, 151, 161 'War Machines, The' 38, 52, 54, 56, 61-2,204 War of the Worlds, The 5-6, 42 Ward.Lalla 125-6 Wareing, Alan 168 Warner, David 186 'Warriors'Gate' 136, 137, 138 Wicker Man, The 89 Wiene, Robert 106 Wilcox, Fred M 109 Wiles, John 46, 52 Williams, Graham 10, 118, 119-20, 122, 123, 126, 130, 134, 135, 159 Wills, Anneke 56-7 Wilmer, Douglas 50 Wilson, Donald 17, 18, 20, 21,22, 31, 42,72 Wind in the Willows, The 186 Winterbottom, Michael 190 Wise, Robert 62, 123 Wish You Were Here? 145 Wizard of Oz, The 25, 59, 170 Woodall, Trinny 197 Woolsey, Paula 159 Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com INSIDE THE TARDIS 262 Word for World Is Forest, The 149 Xena: Warrior Princess 115 "World War Three' 194 Wyatt, Stephen 163, 168 Wymark, Patrick 50 Wyndham, John 15,16, 27, 39,99 Wyngarde, Peter 79 Yentob,Alan 172, 176 Young, Mai 187 Young, Terence 157 ZCars 14, 17 X-Files, The 82, 185,201 www.Ebook777.com ... rather louche, appearance The changing face and characterisation of the Doctor is the most visible sign of the series' strategy of periodic renewal, though there are many others These include the. .. period for the structure and cultural politics of the television industry itself The advent of ITV in 1955 marked the end of the BBC's monopoly and the beginning of the era of competition The differences... it had a lead of roughly two-to- 14 INSIDE THE TARDIS one over the BBC in terms of their share of the viewing public In this context Doctor Who needs to be understood as part of the BBC's campaign