WORLD OF ART EIGHTH EDITION CHAPTER 15 The Design Profession World of Art, Eighth Edition Henry M Sayre Copyright © 2016, 2013, 2010 by Pearson Education, Inc or its affiliates All rights reserved Learning Objectives of Describe how the Arts and Crafts Movement and Art Nouveau gave rise to design as a profession Explain how modernist avant-garde movements impacted the design profession Learning Objectives of Discuss the appeal of streamlining and the ways in which the organic continued to influence design after World War II Explain how the rise of numerous and diverse markets in the late twentieth century impacted design Introduction • The 1920s marked a shift of people who worked in the arts referring to themselves as designers, since they worked to make a product appealing for the public • The Knoll Toboggan Chair was a product designed in 2012 that can shift its function based on the sitter's needs at the workplace Masamichi Udagawa and Sigi Moeslinger, Antenna Design, Knoll Toboggan Chair 2012 Courtesy of Knoll, Inc [Fig 15-1a] Masamichi Udagawa and Sigi Moeslinger, Antenna Design, Knoll Toboggan Chair 2012 Courtesy of Knoll, Inc [Fig 15-1b] The Rise of Design in the Nineteenth Century • Design has been defined by a series of successive movements and styles rather than the characteristic properties of any given medium • The start of the Arts and Crafts Movement related to the rise of Art Nouveau The Arts and Crafts Movement of • This movement arose in reaction to mass production decreasing the quality of goods in Britain • The Crystal Palace was designed by Joseph Paxton to house the Great Exhibition of 1851 Constructed of over 900,000 feet of glass, it only required nine months to build Joseph Paxton, Crystal Palace, Great Exhibition, London 1851 Iron, glass, and wood, 1,848 × 408' Lithograph by Charles Burton, Aeronautic View of the Palace of Industry for All Nations, from Kensington Gardens, published by Ackerman (1851) London Metropolitan Archives, City of London, UK Bridgeman Images [Fig 15-2] Joseph Paxton, Interior, Crystal Palace, Great Exhibition, London 1851 Institute for the History and Theory of Architecture, Zurich © Historical Picture Archive/Corbis [Fig 15-3] Design Since 1980 of • The 2008 iPhone was capable of storing roughly 64 times as much data as the first Macintosh computer • Images such as Shepard Fairey's poster of Barack Obama began to "go viral." The Hope poster was created from a photograph by Mannie Garcia, bringing issues of copyright and ownership to light Apple iPhone 3G, as displayed in Toronto July 11, 2008 © MARK BLINCH/Reuters/Corbis [Fig 15-41] Shepard Fairey, Barack Obama Hope poster 2008 Screenprint, 36 × 24" Photo flab/Alamy © Shepard Fairey/ObeyGiant.com [Fig 15-42] The Creative Process April Greiman and Design Technology of • Grieman's work is constantly developing as technology emerges • Her early groundbreaking work, Does It Make Sense?, was composed on MacDraw and unfolded into a life-size self portrait featuring personal images • Gaiman's Made in Space web design transformed ordinary layouts into semitransparent screen images April Greiman, Does It Make Sense? 1985 Design Quarterly #133, Walker Art Center and MIT Press Publishers [Fig 15-36] April Greiman, madeinspace.la website, screen capture 2014 © 2015 April Greiman [Fig 15-37] The Creative Process April Greiman and Design Technology of • The Drive-by Shooting exhibition in 2006 made clear her interest in digital photography Low-resolution images were blown up to large scale to create extraordinary rich, colorful works April Greiman, Guardrail to Sevilla 2006 Digital photograph, 42" ì 4' 8" â 2006 April Greiman [Fig 15-38] April Greiman, Guardrail to Sevilla Installation view of the exhibition Drive-by Shooting: April Greiman Digital Photography 2006, and installation view of the exhibition Drive-by Shooting: April Greiman Digital Photography, Pasadena Museum of California Art, 2006 Design Since 1980 • Chris Ede's illustration for the iTunes App store in 2008 digitally blends handdrawn and photographic representations of sports and music The image can function as both a still image and an animated web banner Chris Ede, Illustration for Clear Channel Online Music & Radio 2008 Josh Klenert, creative director Courtesy of Chris Ede [Fig 15-43] The Critical Process Thinking about Design • The Herman Miller Company introduced an Action Office in 1964 that would become a standardized system of cubicles in place still today • Mika Tajima in her A Facility Based on Change created enclosed, nonfunctioning cubicles with Action Office panels replaced by canvas and painted in monochrome color Mika Tajima, A Facility Based on Change 2011 Panels, canvas, acrylic, silkscreen, paper, pins, clips, Balans chair, dimensions variable Courtesy of the artist [Fig 15-44] Thinking Back of Describe how the Arts and Crafts Movement and Art Nouveau gave rise to design as a profession Explain how modernist avant-garde movements impacted the design profession Thinking Back of Discuss the appeal of streamlining and the ways in which the organic continued to influence design after World War II Explain how the rise of numerous and diverse markets in the late twentieth century impacted design ... were culminated into a book with sample proofs William Morris, Page from a specimen book with sample proof letters, Kelmscott Press ca 1896 The Wilson, Cheltenham Art Gallery & Museum, Gloucestershire,... Gloucestershire, U.K © Cheltenham Art Gallery & Museums, Gloucestershire, UK/Bridgeman Images [Fig 15-7] The Arts and Crafts Movement of • Morris then created an edition of the works of Geoffrey Chaucer He... seat 19" × 5' 2" Los Angeles County Museum of Art Gift of Max Palevsky, AC1993.1.8 © 2015 Digital Image Museum Associates/LACMA /Art The Arts and Crafts Movement of • Frank Lloyd Wright's interest