Tài liệu hạn chế xem trước, để xem đầy đủ mời bạn chọn Tải xuống
1
/ 34 trang
THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
Thông tin cơ bản
Định dạng
Số trang
34
Dung lượng
1,12 MB
Nội dung
DS SCN05 547 LEA AF Site-L Levell Pro ogresss Asssessm ment: Low w Em mission Lan nd Use Pla anning g in i LEA AF Prriority y Lan ndscapes Lo owerin ng Emiissions s in As sia’s Forests F s (LEA AF) Cooperative Agreemen A nt Numbe er: AID-48 86-A-11-0 00005 LE EAF Site e-Level Progre ess Ass sessmen nt: Low Emissio on Land Use Pla anning in LEAF Priority Landsccapes Submitted S t to: U United Sta ates Agenccy for Intern national De evelopmen nt Regional Developm ment Mission for Asia a (RDMA), Bangkok, Thailand Submitted by: b P B Bangkok LEAF Program, Submitted on: o 31 April 201 14 Paage | ii The Lowering Emissions in Asia’s Forests (LEAF) Program, a five-year cooperative agreement, is funded by the United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID) Regional Development Mission for Asia (RDMA) LEAF is being implemented by Winrock International (Winrock), in partnership with SNV – Netherlands Development Organization, Climate Focus and The Center for People and Forests (RECOFTC) The LEAF program began in 2011 and will continue until 2016 Page | iii Table of Contents Introduction and Summary Understanding This Report Summary of Progress for LEAF Priority Landscapes Viet Nam, Lam Dong Province Summary Detailed Diagnostic Assessment Thailand, Maesa‐Kogma Man and Biosphere Reserve, Chiang Mai Province Summary Detailed Assessment Diagnostic Papua New Guinea, Madang Province Summary Detailed Assessment Diagnostic Lao PDR, Houaphan Province Summary Detailed Assessment Diagnostic 1 2 3 4 4 6 12 12 13 19 19 20 25 25 26 Page | iv Introduction and Summary This report is submitted to USAID RDMA as an annex to LEAF’s thirteenth quarterly report. The report is to illustrate progress in each of the four LEAF priority landscapes towards the completion and implementation of a low emission land use plan. This provides both a roadmap for LEAF country teams and counterparts to review critical actions that must be taken to achieve success as well as an additional M&E mechanism to track progress through to the end of the LEAF program. This report, and subsequent reports using the framework described, provides further evidence on LEAF’s progress towards achieving the key site based indicator of: Indicator 4.1.1: Number of hectares of biological significance and/or natural resources under improved natural resource management as a result of USG assistance (Standard indicator 4.8.1‐26) The report also documents progress toward quantifying emission reductions and removals and actions towards achieving a higher level of precision in estimating these emission figures in each of the LEAF priority landscapes. The LEAF indicator being measured is: Program Result 1 Indicator: Quantity of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, measured in metric tons of CO2e, reduced or sequestered as a result of USG assistance. The full methodologies and calculations for estimating GHG emissions and removals is however detailed in an updated report on ‘LEAF Field Activities: Mid‐Term Assessment of Progress’1. The low emission land use planning (LELUP) framework used in this report to assess progress was developed through the joint LEAF and USFS curricula development efforts and builds upon even earlier analysis of low emission land use planning across SE Asia2. Full details on the LELUP framework and a description of all elements and steps are outlined in the report, ‘Guidance on Low Emission Land Use Planning3’ The four LEAF priority landscapes in which the LELUP framework has been used to assess progress include: Lam Dong Province, Vietnam Maesa‐Kogma Man and Biosphere Reserve, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand Madang Province, Papua New Guinea Houaphan Province, Lao PDR This report also responds directly to the assessment by the LEAF mid‐term review team that “without a site‐level diagnostic and analytic document to orient its menu of activities, LEAF risks vague and unsustainable achievements when it could have clear results identified in a succinct framework”. This assessment meets this criticism, but goes further in providing a foundation for local, national and regional sharing, learning and innovation in low emission land use planning, grounded in field practice. LEAF will also use the LELUP framework and outcomes of this assessment to continue build capacity on LELUP in the region and help inform direction of the newly initiated Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) Working Group of the Asia LEDS Partnership. The report also references regional and national linkages to the four priority landscapes for key LEAF programming actions on policy responses (objective 2), gender leadership (objective 3) and the amount of investment leveraged through LEAF’s efforts (program result 2). This report was submitted to USAID RDMA as an annex to the 10th quarterly report. Please see workshop outcomes on Low Emission Land Use and Forest Planning workshop, Bangkok 3‐5 July 2012) (http://www.leafasia.org/leaf‐news‐notes/materials‐leaf‐usfs‐low‐emission‐land‐use‐forest‐planning‐workshop‐now‐available) http://leafasia.org/library/guidance‐low‐emission‐land‐use‐planning Page | 1 Understanding This Report For each landscape the following is provided: Sustainability and Exit Strategy for December 2015: A description of LEAF’s expected end‐of‐ program impact and how interventions will be continued beyond the life of LEAF. Summary of progress towards development of a Low Emission Land Use Plan: The LELUP framework is used to provide a snap‐shot of progress towards development of a full low emission land use plan. The green indicates the step has been fully completed The red indicates that no actions have started or actions are not required The colours (light green, yellow and orange) are a subjective grading between these two points. Key Land Management Statistics: A summary of: 1) hectares under improved natural resource management, 2) tons CO2e avoided or removed due to LEAF’s assistance, and 3) households with improved well‐being through sustainable natural resource management. Each corresponds to a LEAF indicator (methodology and emission calculations are outlined in a separate report). Key policy developments: A summary of linkages between LEAF field activities and national and regional policy work. Key gender developments: A summary of gender issues and resulting actions implemented in each of the landscapes. Investment leveraged: A summary of finance leveraged from public or private sources through LEAF’s actions. A detailed diagnostic assessment of progress is then made for each of the 15 steps in the LELUP framework. The symbol ‘’ indicates completion The symbol ‘?’ indicates on‐going work The symbol ‘X’ indicates no work has commenced of the task is not relevant. Page | 2 Summaary of Progress ffor LEAF Prioritty Landscapes d is a summary of progress towarrds the developm ment and implementation of a Low w Emission Land Use Plan in each h of the four priority LEAF landscaapes. Provided The MSKM Maanagement Plan has been approved by authorities. Enabling environment aand historical conditions documented and policies and measures to improve maanagement in the Reserve have been agreeed, with roles and responsibilitiess for implementation n assigned. Indiccators for M&E have been set and agreed d. - Historical aassessment (2000‐ 2010) indiccates little historrical emissions from the landscaape. - Future emission reduction strategies are limited, but improved land managemen nt provides guidancee for planning p national prrocesses. The Houaphan n Provincial REDD+ Strategy is being led by CliPAD with LEAF support. ‐ The enablingg environment and historical lan nd use changes documented d. ‐ Capacity to m measure and monito or forest carbon n at the provincial leevel has been enh hanced and businesss as usual projecttions currently beingg documented d. ‐ Local level laand use planning now w being implem mented to define forrest and land reso ource use and rightss. Planning for forest enforcement being planned. ‐ Provincial wiide low emission development strategies being considered through CliPAD with LEAF support in taargeted districts. 50,000 hectares 35,000 tCO2e 5 year commitment: 77,000 tCO2e 423,246 hectares 2.4 million tCO 2e 5 yyear commitment: 7 million tCO2e 598,192 hecctares 1.5 million tCO2e ment: 5.3 5 year commitm million tC CO2e 158,300 hectares on tCO2e 0.5 millio 5 year com mmitment: 1.5 millio on tCO2e LEAF support fo or the development and implementation n of the Lam Dong Provincial REDD D+ Action Plan contiinues with endorsement of the PRAP expected late 2014. - Assessment oof the enabling environment and historical land u use changes (1990‐2010) document. - Business as usual forward projecttions and scenario assessment near completion - Policy and meeasures to reduce emissions currrently being negotiaated and prioritized. - Implementatiion of actions has noot commenced LEAF has suppo orted a provincial wid de land use and conservvation plan, but further work is required d to quantify emissio on reduction poten ntial, build knowledgge and capacity and co onsider alternative lo ow emission develo opment scenarios. - Assessment oof the enabling environment and historicall land use changes (2 2000‐ 2012) partially document. - Data and capaacity gaps continue tto present challeenges. - Business ass usual projection ns have been drafted, but low evelopment scen narios emission de have not yeet emerged. - Policies and d measures to reeduce emissions n not yet considereed. Page | 3 Viet Nam, Lam Dong Provvince Summaary Sustainaability and Exit Strategy for December 2015: Lam Dong People’ Provin ncial Committee has app proved the Provincial RED DD+ Action P Plan (PRAP) that details policies and measures to achieve the provincial goal o of lowering G GHG emissions from the foresstry sector b by 27% by 20 020 (as measured againstt the 2014 baaseline). A performan nce based funding plan h has been app proved by UN N‐REDD (or aanother fund ding body such as the World Bank) that supports conttinued invesstment under the PRAP (o or Forest ment Plan if policies and measures developed un nder the PRA AP are Protection aand Developm integrated in nto the FPDP P). LEAF, under the direction of Lam Dong DARD, is supporting tthe Bao Lam State Forestt Management plan that ccontributes to Company in implementing a Sustainable Forest M o the duction targeet and financcial sustainab bility of the SState Forest Provincial’s emission red Company. Use Plan (LEELUP) develo opment: Low Emission Land U Dong Provincce, the LELUP P is locally caalled the Provincial REDD D+ Action Plaan (PRAP). In Lam D Key Land Management Statisticcs: ectares Total forrest area in tthe province: 598,192 he Area un nder improvved GHG G emissions aand GH HG emissionss and maanagement rem movals durin ng rem movals expeccted 5 LEAFF’s program life y years after LE EAF 598,1 192 hectaress 1,5 590,055 tCO2 2e 5,300,184 tCO O2e Nu umber of live elihoods w with improve ed well‐ being N/A Page | 4 Key policy developments: Drivers: Implementation of the draft ASEAN Regional Knowledge Network on Forest and Climate Change (ARKN‐FCC) Decision Support Tool on Assessing and Addressing Drivers of Deforestation and Degradation, which was developed at the regional level with LEAF support to guide formulation of policies and measures aimed at reducing emissions in the forestry and land use sector. National REDD+ Fund: the National REDD+ fund development process integrates with province level processes to develop forest measurement and monitoring systems and structure associated incentive allocation frameworks for REDD+. Provincial Financing of REDD+: Linked to the work above, establishment of a ‘financing plan’ to support implementation of the PRAP. Integrated REDD+ Accounting: Integrating provincial and national REDD+ accounting process into a harmonized framework and using this experiences (coupled with experiences from the other three LEAF priority landscapes) to develop regional guidance on integrating subnational REDD+ efforts into national REDD+ accounting frameworks. Policy and Legislative Reform: Drawing on province level experience in developing decisions and regulations, especially with respect to MRV and incentive allocation, and linking forest monitoring and measurement to incentive allocation mechanisms. Key gender developments: Lam Dong gender champions attended the regional Asia‐Pacific Leadership Program on Gender and Climate Change/REDD+(November 2013) and will receive further mentorship support for greater gender inclusion in PRAP actions during 2014‐2015. Lam Dong participants gained knowledge from several regional workshops (the Asia‐Pacific Workshop on ‘Women’s Inclusion for Sustainable Forests and Climate: What Works?’ (March 2014) and the ‘Technical Training on Gender Integrated Planning in Climate Change and REDD+’ for on‐going provincial level gender analysis and planning. Gender‐specific inputs have been provided to national level key policies and processes, including The National Social Environmental Safeguard Roadmap, The Draft Proposal for Development of Vietnam REDD+ Fund. Theses inputs and resulting guidance will inform gender safeguarding options being developed under the Lam Dong PRAP. The Lam Dong PRAP will receive further gender technical support during 2014. Gender was a key consideration in the Lam Dong socio‐economic base line study and gender achievements will continue to be tracked through the PRAP monitoring and evaluation plan. Technical support and knowledge development will continue to be provided to selected female staff from various agencies including Ms Nghiem Phuong Thuy from VNFOREST, Ms Hoang Cong Hoai Nam from Lam Dong Forest Protection Sub‐Department and Ms Bui Nguyen Lam Ha and Ms Cao Thuy Anh both from Da Lat University. Investment leveraged: Funds will be leveraged from the Multiple Benefits REDD+ (MB‐REDD+) project supported by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMU) (exact amount yet to be determined). Through LEAF’s support to the PRAP, the MB‐REDD project will be able to implement their Participatory Impact Assessment and Monitoring process. This process allows the PRAP policies and measured to be assessed and risks to vulnerable communities and biological resources to identified and mitigation actions included in the PRAP. Page | 5 Detailed Diagnostic Assessment STEP 1: UNDERSTANDING THE ENABLING ENVIRONMENT 1.1 Context Assessment (Integrated Jurisdictional and Cross‐Sectorial Assessment). Item/Action Scale? Status Jurisdiction and key policies? Important sector plans considered? Authority to implement LELUP? Tenure rights? Comment Provincial, covering all forest land in the Province regardless of forest ownership. Prime Minister (Lam Dong Social Economic Development Master Plan 2020) DARD (Forest Protection and Development Planning, 2011‐2020) DoNRE (Lam Dong Land Use Planning, 2011‐2020) VNFOREST (National REDD+ Action Program) Other policy guidance is outlined in the PRAP Framework document Forestry and Agricultural sector plans Lam Dong DARD Known. PRAP has actions to further strengthen through proposed expansion of Payment for Forest Environmental Services (PFES) system. 1.2 Stakeholder Engagement, Roles and Responsibilities Item/Action Key Stakeholders? Status Key partners? Stakeholder capacity? Comment Have been identified and engaged in the process through the Lam Dong PRAP Technical Working Group (TWG). Roles and responsibilities have been detailed in the PRAP Framework document and terms of reference for the TWG agreed. Government VNFOREST DARD of Lam Dong Forest Inventory and Planning Institute (FIPI) and Forest Resources and Environment Centre (FREC) Women’s Union of Lam Dong Academic Da Lat University Private Sectors Agriculture and Forestry Consulting Company Other REDD+ Development Partners Multiple Benefits REDD+ project (implemented by SNV) UN‐REDD Program Phase II Vietnam Forest and Delta Program Has been built with LEAF supported trainings: RL Introductory training: 29/11 – 4/12/2012 Biomass training: 4/3 ‐13/3/2013 RL and Forest Stratification training: 28/10 – 1/11/2013 Consultation meeting of STWG every two months Mentoring and coaching for the Forest Environmental and Resource Centre (FREC) and Forestry‐Agriculture consulting Company Technical training on Gender Integrated Planning in Climate Change and REDD+ Page | 6 QA/QC protocols? X Knowledge and capacity development? management plan will fill some known data gaps (particularly socio‐ economic and biodiversity data). For necessary data accuracy and precision, QA/AC protocols not deemed necessary. MSKM MAB Technical Working Group established. Strong capacity building and consultation process embedded within MSKM MAB management plan development. Training and knowledge development on‐going with continued ongoing technical support to the TWG and other LEAF partners. STEP 3: ANALYSIS OF FUTURE OPTIONS 3.1 Modelling Future Trends Item/Action Status Future time period ? confirmed with stakeholders Modelling approach ? agreed for carbon & non‐carbon parameters? Is data identified in step ? 2.1 adequate? Outcome of modelling ? communicated? Comment Still under consideration Yes. Very simple forward projections for Carbon based on historical rates (2000‐2010) as quantified under University of Maryland Global Forest Loss and Gain data set. Non‐carbon parameters will not be modelled. Yes. Data needs will be continually reviewed with stakeholders during the implementation of the MSKM MAB management plan. Yes. Modelling of Carbon will be communicated to relevant stakeholders if those stakeholders consider future modelling efforts are warranted. 3.2 Business As Usual Construction Item/Action Future emissions under business as usual scenario? Future projects for non‐ carbon parameters? Status X Comment A preliminary Business as Usual Reference Level can be estimated Based on historic average of 15,390 t CO2e (gross amount). Non‐carbon parameters will not be modelled, but efforts undertaken to prevent continued degradation of the biodiversity levels. 3.3 Scenario Assessment Item/Action Future scenarios? Criteria for selection of scenarios? Scenario trade‐offs analysed? Trade‐offs compared against BAU? Status X X Comment Not required Not required X Not required X Not required STEP 4: NEGOTAITE and PRIORITIZE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 4.1 Negotiate Options Item/Action Negotiation process open, transparent and equitable? Power to influence is considered? Positions, incentives and interests are Status ? Comment Triple Bottom Line (TBL) accounting process has moved through a detailed process to facilitate a negotiated process on which actions under the MSKM MAB management plan need to be implemented. Process has been considered and stakeholder influence was considered in the TBL process The TBL process examined incentives and was part of the negotiation process on which actions should receive priority to imiplement Page | 16 known? Authority to approve decision? Executing Agency: Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Implementation Agency: Protected Area Regional Office 16 (Chiang Mai) (PARO16) 4.2 Prioritize and Sequence Implementation Activities Item/Action Policies and measures (PaMs)? Roles and responsibilities assigned? Actions sequenced? Status ? Comment The MSKM MAB management plan has outlined a range of policies and measured for implementation aligned to 5 strategies: Preserve and protect the MSKM MAB through participatory approaches. Develop collaborative mechanisms in the management and access of natural resources in the MSKM MAB. Promote learning and awareness by the community and wider public on the value of the MSKM MAB. Strengthening management mechanisms for the MSKM MAB. Develop and promote research in the MSKM MAB that adds‐value to management and policy developments. Roles and responsibilities clearly outlined in MSKM MAB management plan. The TBL process has helped stakeholder to sequence and prioritise policies and measures as outlined in the MSKM MAB management plan. 4.3 Implementation Needs Item/Action Do stakeholders have skills and resources to implement? Status ? Institutional coordination mechanisms established? Incentives integrated into plan? Sanctions or penalties included? ? Financial support? ? ? Comment Capacity and training programs have been implemented to build specific technical skills. Further programs to be determined. While stakeholders have capacity, financial resourcing for the implementation of the management plan is the main obstacle. Established and documented in the MSKM MAB management plan The establishment of a PES mechanism under the management plan will establish a mechanism for incentivizing good natural resource management. Currently a pilot PES scheme is being trialled. Further financial and other incentives will need to be investigated. Penalties will be considered under the MSKM MAB zoning plans and improper infringement of these zones by communities and stakeholders. On‐going efforts are required to confirm financial resources required for the implementation of the MSKM MAB and the sustainability of this plan under the broader UNESCO MAB program. STEP 4: MONITORING, EVALUATION AND ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT 5.1 Define the Monitoring and Evaluation Framework Item/Action Who is audience for M&E information? Is there political will to Status ? Comment UNESCO (international), DNP (national), PARO 16 (provincial), TAOs (district), communities (site), private sector and other stakeholders. Yes – but dependent on financial resourcing of the MSKM MAB Page | 17 sustain M&E? Is there capacity & resources to collect data? Will data be reported? To whom? Will the M&E system be evaluated? management plan Capacity to collect data exists Resourcing to collect carbon and non‐carbon data has not been confirmed. Performance and impact of the MSKM MAB management plan will be reported to the national level (DNP) and internationally (UNESCO) Not currently being considered ? X 5.2 Monitor, Measure and Evaluate Progress Item/Action Data collection? Approvals required? Statistical approaches? QA/QC? Data storage? Status Comment Responsibility for data collection has been outlined in the MSKM MAB management plan, but data collection schedule yet to be determined. Yet to be determined Not yet considered Yet to be determined Not currently being considered ? X ? X 5.3 Monitor, Measure and Evaluate Progress Item/Action Stakeholders engaged in evaluation? M&E outcomes used to revise and adapt the LELUP? Status Comment Stakeholders being engaged in early M&E design considerations, but yet to be determined how they will be engaged in evaluation. Not yet determined X Page | 18 Papua New Guinea, Mad dang Proviince Summaary Sustainaability and Exit Strategy for December 2015: LEAF builds knowledge aand capacity on REDD+ m mechanisms ffor the Madaang Provincial Governmentt to develop an integrate ed approach to REDD+ th hat links com mmunity and provincial prrocess in mittigating GHG G emissions A preliminarry Madang Provincial RED DD+ Action P Plan is drafteed, through w which UN‐REEDD and other REDD+ + developmeent partners will integratte into the em merging natiional REDD+ architecturee. Use Plan (LEELUP) develo opment: Low Emission Land U Madang REDD D+ Action Plaan – but thiss name is yett to be confirrmed Locally, the LELUP is called the M with local stakeholders. Key Land Management Statisticcs: Total forrest area in tthe province: 1,473,916 h hectares Area under improve ed GHG e emissions an nd GHG G emissions and manage ement removvals during remo ovals expectted 5 LEAF’ss program liffe yearrs after LEAF 158,300 0 hectares 531,00 00 tCO2e 1,449,000 tCO2ee Nu umber of live elihoods witth improved d well‐ being 200 household ds Page | 19 Key policy developments: Drivers: Implementation of the draft ASEAN Regional Knowledge Network on Forest and Climate Change (ARKN‐FCC) Decision Support Tool on Assessing and Addressing Drivers of Deforestation and Degradation, which was developed at the regional level with LEAF support to guide formulation of policies and measures aimed at reducing emissions in the forestry and land use sector. Policy and Legislative Reform: Drawing on province level experience in supporting reform of the Forestry Act, the Climate Change Development Policy and the National Protected Areas Policy. Key gender developments: PNG gender champions attended the regional Asia‐Pacific Leadership Program on Gender and Climate Change/REDD+ (November 2013) and will receive further mentorship support for greater gender inclusion in the management planning and implementation of actios under the proposed Madang REDD+ Strategy during 2014‐2015. As part of the regional Joint Initiative on Gender Equality, PNG participants attended the Asia‐ Pacific Workshop on ‘Women’s Inclusion for Sustainable Forests and Climate: What Works?’ (March 2014). Selected PNG delegates attended and learned about best practices for gender integration at the event. Gender issues were reviewed and inputs provided into PNG’s Climate Change and Development policy which will have important implications for the role out of any policies and measures being developed under the possible Madang REDD+ Strategy. Investment leveraged: USD813,933 has been leveraged from AusAID for development of the Madang Sustainable Development ‐ A Ridges to Reefs Gap and Priority Analysis. Further leveraged amounts include: o USD75,000 from the Madang Provincial Administration. These funds were provided directly to the Madang CSO Forum to support the three spatial planning workshops. o USD 561,750 from the Madang Provincial Administration. This money was pledged by the Madang Governor during the launch of the Madang Spatial Planning Report to implement some of the recommendations in the report. Detailed Assessment Diagnostic STEP 1: UNDERSTANDING THE ENABLING ENVIRONMENT 1.1 Context Assessment (Integrated Jurisdictional and Cross‐Sectorial Assessment). Item/Action Scale? Status Jurisdiction and key policies? Important sector plans Comment Provincial level – but with on‐ground field efforts directed towards the Almami LLG. Madang Provincial Government Madang Provincial Forest Management Plan Kalibobo Vision 2020 Madang Medium Term Development Plan PNG Vision 2050 PNG Development Strategic Plan (2010‐2030) and the Medium Term Development Strategy (2010‐2015). Draft Climate Compatible Development Plan (2013‐2015) PNGFA Forestry and Climate Change Framework for Action (2009‐ 2015) PNG Readiness Preparation Proposal (R‐PP) Forestry and Agricultural sector plans Page | 20 considered? Authority to implement LELUP? Tenure rights? Madang Provincial Government Known and codified in the PNG constitution 1.2 Stakeholder Engagement, Roles and Responsibilities Item/Action Key Stakeholders? Status Key partners? Stakeholder capacity? Vulnerable groups? ? Comment Have been identified are engaged through the Madang Provincial REDD+ Working Committee. Government National: PNGFA, DEC, OCCD Provincial: Madang Provincial Government District: Bogia District Local Level Government (LLG): Almami Community: Adelbert Clan Members Academic University of PNG, PNG University of Technology. Other: The Nature Conservancy UN‐REDD Has been built with LEAF supported trainings: REDD+ Introductory Training for CSOs and CBOs (November 2013) Landuse planning workshops (May‐November 2013) Drivers workshop (April 2014) Biomass training (June 2014) Reference Level development (October 2014) On‐going mentoring and coaching support for the Project Steering Committee Broad stakeholder consultation has already begun with Madang CSOs and CBOs. This will continue as LEAF further moves to work with clan members in the Adelbert Range. Vulnerable groups will continue to be identified through this process. 1.3 Development of Goals and Objectives Item/Action Development of LELUP goals and objectives? Desired future state? LELUP time frame Status ? ? Comment No emission reduction target or goal has been set. One desired future state has been outlined in the “Madang Sustainable Development ‐ A Ridges to Reefs Gap and Priority Analysis”. This conservation orientated plan needs further alignment with the Provinces development priorities and emission reduction plans. 2014‐2020. Yet to be confirmed, but will align with the revised Provincial Forest Management Plan. STEP 2: ASSESSMENT OF HISTORIC AND CURRENT CONDITIONS 2.1 Environmental, Social and Economic Data Needs and Method Compilation Item/Action Data appropriateness and accuracy? Status ? GHG Forest emission Comment Considerable data has been collected for the development of the “Madang Sustainable Development ‐ A Ridges to Reefs Gap and Priority Analysis” and is appropriate for conservation planning. Carbon data and socio‐economic data needs to be further collected and assessed for accuracy. Activity Data (Approach 2): University of Maryland Global Forest Loss Page | 21 data: Activity Data? GHG Forest emission data: Emission Factors? GHG Agricultural emission data: Non‐carbon data? Unique landscape assets? Definition of key parameters? X ? and Gain (2000‐2012) data used to estimate historical deforestation rates Emission Factors (Tier 3) based on global data set. Saatchi et al (in preparation) pan tropical forest carbon map at 250 m resolution. Not collected Conservation orientated data has been collected through the “Madang Sustainable Development ‐ A Ridges to Reefs Gap and Priority Analysis” work. Socio‐economic data still required. Assessed through the “Madang Sustainable Development ‐ A Ridges to Reefs Gap and Priority Analysis” Carbon parameters and definitions comply with national guidelines and definitions Non‐carbon parameters are aligned with national definitions and standards 2.2 Understanding Historical Land Use Change and Current Condition Item/Action Time period for analysis? Historical drivers of landscape change? Deforestation rates and emissions? Status Degradation rates and emissions? Enhancement rates and removals? X Agricultural rates and emissions Agents of change? Changes in non‐carbon parameters? X ? Comment 200‐2012 – based on University of Maryland Global Forest Loss and Gain (2000‐2012) data set and local knowledge Assessed and documented during April Madang workshop. Known. Between 2000 and 2012: 61,977 hectares deforested. Annual deforestation rate of 0.28%. Emissions = 41 million t CO2e Not known Known. Between 1990 and 2010: 24,315 hectares of afforestation or reforestation. Annual enhancement rate of 0.11% Removals = Not calculated Not calculated Known and documented Conservation and biodiversity threats documented in “Madang Sustainable Development ‐ A Ridges to Reefs Gap and Priority Analysis”. Changes in socio‐economic documented through secondary sources 2.3 Data and Capacity Gap Assessment Item/Action Data sufficient to meet goals and objectives? Status Data inventory and limitations? QA/QC protocols? Knowledge and capacity development? ? X ? Comment Appropriate conservation data sets are available through the “Madang Sustainable Development ‐ A Ridges to Reefs Gap and Priority Analysis” report. Further socio‐economic data and development plans required. Global C data sets applicable for current first‐order assessments Data limitations are well known. Data inventory has not been completed. Necessary QA/AC protocols not yet established Madang REDD+ Working Committee established. Further capacity building efforts required for this group and other key stakeholders. Page | 22 On‐going training and knowledge development will be essential. STEP 3: ANALYSIS OF FUTURE OPTIONS 3.1 Modelling Future Trends Item/Action Future time period confirmed with stakeholders Modelling approach agreed for carbon & non‐carbon parameters? Status ? ? Is data identified in step 2.1 adequate? ? Outcome of modelling communicated? ? Comment Yet to be considered Yes. Very simple forward projections for Carbon based on historical rates (2000‐2010) as quantified under University of Maryland Global Forest Loss and Gain data set. Conservation modelling completed through “Madang Sustainable Development ‐ A Ridges to Reefs Gap and Priority Analysis” report Yes for first order estimates of emissions. Further quantification of Provincial specific data (particularly emission factors) will occur through LEAF’s support. Yes. Modelling of Carbon will be communicated to relevant stakeholders. 3.2 Business As Usual Construction Item/Action Future emissions under business as usual scenario? Future projects for non‐ carbon parameters? Status ? Comment A preliminary Business as Usual Reference Level can be estimated Based on historic average of 3.5 million t CO2e per annum (gross amount). Conservation projects made. Further work required to align with Provincial development priorities. 3.3 Scenario Assessment Item/Action Future scenarios? Criteria for selection of scenarios? Scenario trade‐offs analysed? Trade‐offs compared against BAU? Status ? X Comment Business as Usual needs to be better quantified Development scenario needs quantified. Conservation scenario has been completed. Not yet considered X Not yet considered X Not yet considered STEP 4: NEGOTAITE and PRIORITIZE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 4.1 Negotiate Options Item/Action Negotiation process open, transparent and equitable? Power to influence is considered? Positions, incentives and interests are known? Authority to approve decision? Status X Comment Not yet considered X Not yet considered X Not yet considered Madang Provincial Government 4.2 Prioritize and Sequence Implementation Activities Page | 23 Item/Action Policies and measures (PaMs)? Roles and responsibilities assigned? Actions sequenced? Status X Comment Not yet considered X Not yet considered X Not yet considered Status X Comment Not yet considered X Not yet considered X Not yet considered X Not yet considered X Not yet considered 4.3 Implementation Needs Item/Action Do stakeholders have skills and resources to implement? Institutional coordination mechanisms established? Incentives integrated into plan? Sanctions or penalties included? Financial support? STEP 4: MONITORING, EVALUATION AND ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT 5.1 Define the Monitoring and Evaluation Framework Item/Action Status Who is audience for X M&E information? Is there political will to X sustain M&E? Is there capacity & X resources to collect data? Will data be reported? X To whom? Will the M&E system be X evaluated? Comment Not yet considered Not yet considered Not yet considered Not yet considered Not currently being considered 5.2 Monitor, Measure and Evaluate Progress Item/Action Data collection? Approvals required? Statistical approaches? QA/QC? Data storage? Status X X X X X Comment Not yet considered Not yet considered Not yet considered Not yet considered Not yet considered 5.3 Monitor, Measure and Evaluate Progress Item/Action Stakeholders engaged in evaluation? M&E outcomes used to revise and adapt the LELUP? Status Comment Not yet considered X Not yet considered Page | 24 Lao PD DR, Houap phan Provvince Summaary Sustainaability and Exit Strategy for December 2015: LEAFF continuatio ons its collab boration with h CliPAD on tthe developm ment of the w world’s first Jurissdictional and Nested REEDD+ program m, as certifieed under the e VCS. Privaate sector in nvestment flo ows to Houaphan Province through tthe sale of caarbon creditss on the volu untary marke et that sustaiins Provinciaal actions. Use Plan (LEELUP) develo opment: Low Emission Land U Houaphan REEDD+ Strateggy Locally, the LELUP is called the H Key Land Management Statisticcs: Total forrest land are ea in the provvince: 769,35 58 hectares Area un nder improvved GHG G emissions aand GH HG emissionss and Nu umber of live elihoods maanagement rem movals durin ng rem movals expeccted 5 w with improve ed well‐ LEAFF’s program life y years after LE EAF being 423,2 246 hectaress 2,3 394,854 tCO2 2e 7,184,561 tCO O2e 216 househ holds ments: Key poliicy developm Policy and Leegislative Reeform: Drawiing on provin nce level exp perience in su upporting reeform of the Forestryy Law and thee Land Policyy. Page | 25 Key gender developments: Houaphan gender champions attended the regional Asia‐Pacific Leadership Program on Gender and Climate Change/REDD+ (November 2013) and will receive further mentorship support for greater gender inclusion in the management planning and implementation of actions under the proposed Houaphan REDD+ Strategy during 2014‐2015. Houaphan participants gained knowledge from several regional workshops (the Asia‐Pacific Workshop on ‘Women’s Inclusion for Sustainable Forests and Climate: What Works?’ (March 2014) and the ‘Technical Training on Gender Integrated Planning in Climate Change and REDD+’ for on‐going provincial level gender analysis and planning. LEAF and USAID’s Green Mekong have produced a regional gender video that captures stories on women’s leadership in natural resource management in Loas. This video will show‐case and present a powerful story of change through the leadership of women and provides an important learning and planning tool for the women of Houaphan. Gender was a key consideration in the Houaphan socio‐economic base line study and gender achievements will continue to be tracked through LEAF’s REDD+ interventions in its targeted districts. Investment leveraged: The development of the Houahan Jurisdictional and Nested REDD+ project document, developed under the JNR VCS methodology, is expected to attract private investment in the Province. Investment amount is currently unknown. Detailed Assessment Diagnostic STEP 1: UNDERSTANDING THE ENABLING ENVIRONMENT 1.1 Context Assessment (Integrated Jurisdictional and Cross‐Sectorial Assessment). Item/Action Scale? Status Jurisdiction and key policies? Important sector plans considered? Authority to implement LELUP? Tenure rights? Comment Provincial level – but with on‐ground field efforts directed towards the protection of the Nam Xam NPA Houaphan Provincial Agriculture and Forest Office (PAFO) Current national and provincial policies regarding the development of a REDD+ mechanism are still unclear. Forestry and Agricultural sector plans Houaphan PAFO Known but limited statutory rights to land use and access for most rural communities. 1.2 Stakeholder Engagement, Roles and Responsibilities Item/Action Key Stakeholders? Status Key partners? Stakeholder capacity? Comment Have been identified are engaged through both the LEAF and CliPAD projects. Current key stakeholders are primarily government agencies. Government PAFO and DAFO PoNRE and DoNRE Lao Women Union Academic National University of Laos Other: CliPAD The Wildlife Conservation Society Has been built with LEAF supported trainings: Page | 26 Vulnerable groups? ? Biomass trainings (two training events in February 2013 and March 2014) Reference Level development (November 2012) GIS and Remote Sensing (March 2013) On‐going technical support and capacity building is required, in collaboration with CliPAD efforts. Being considered in LEAF targeted villages. Also under consideration through CliPAD broader Provincial planning work. 1.3 Development of Goals and Objectives Item/Action Development of LELUP goals and objectives? Status ? Desired future state? ? LELUP time frame ? Comment Emission reduction potential has been quantified, but no specific targets yet set. Has been partially quantified through LEAF’s efforts for selected villages. At the provincial scale, has been partially quantified through CliPAD analysis. 2014‐2030s STEP 2: ASSESSMENT OF HISTORIC AND CURRENT CONDITIONS 2.1 Environmental, Social and Economic Data Needs and Method Compilation Item/Action Data appropriateness and accuracy? Status ? GHG Forest emission data: Activity Data? GHG Forest emission data: Emission Factors? ? GHG Agricultural emission data: Non‐carbon data? Unique landscape assets? Definition of key parameters? X ? X ? ? Comment Considerable data has been collected for the development of the “Madang Sustainable Development ‐ A Ridges to Reefs Gap and Priority Analysis” and is appropriate for conservation planning. Carbon data and socio‐economic data needs to be further collected and assessed for accuracy. Activity Data (Approach 3): LEAF has developed activity data for targeted districts. This will complement CliPAD provincial level efforts to define provincial specific activity data. Emission Factors (Tier 2) current emission factors are derived from national data sources. LEAF has supported capacity building efforts and technical back‐ stopping to derive provincial specific (Tier 3) emission factors through provincial biomass assessments in March‐May. Not collected Not yet under consideration Special emphasis placed on the two Protected Areas in the province No further analysis Considerable efforts have gone into ensuring provincial efforts are integrated into national efforts. Lack of clarity at the national efforts however makes this a challenging task 2.2 Understanding Historical Land Use Change and Current Condition Item/Action Time period for analysis? Historical drivers of landscape change? Deforestation rates and emissions? Status ? Comment 1990‐2010 for LEAF targeted landscapes 2000‐2012 for Provincial wide assessment by CliPAD Drivers of landscape change well documented Known. Between 2000 and 2012: Annual provincial deforestation rate of 1.05% (LEAF targeted districts, annual deforestation rate of 0.46%) Emissions – Not yet quantified at the provincial level Page | 27 Degradation rates and emissions? Enhancement rates and removals? Agricultural rates and emissions Agents of change? Changes in non‐carbon parameters? X Not known X Not known X Not calculated X Known and documented Not currently known 2.3 Data and Capacity Gap Assessment Item/Action Status Data sufficient to meet goals and objectives? Data inventory and ? limitations? QA/QC protocols? X Knowledge and capacity ? development? Comment Carbon data sources currently being collected and sufficient to meet goals and objectives of Provincial REDD+ Strategy. Data limitations are well known. Data inventory has not been completed. Necessary QA/AC protocols not yet established Capacity building efforts continue but on‐going training and knowledge development will be essential. STEP 3: ANALYSIS OF FUTURE OPTIONS 3.1 Modelling Future Trends Item/Action Status Future time period ? confirmed with stakeholders Modelling approach X agreed for carbon & non‐carbon parameters? Is data identified in step ? 2.1 adequate? Outcome of modelling ? communicated? Comment Not yet confirmed, but likely 2014‐2030 according to JNR VCS guidelines. No Carbon data currently being quantified Non‐carbon data not being considered Yes, but further communication required 3.2 Business As Usual Construction Item/Action Future emissions under business as usual scenario? Future projects for non‐ carbon parameters? Status ? X Comment A preliminary Business as Usual Reference Level at the provincial level has been estimated by CliPAD Not yet considered 3.3 Scenario Assessment Item/Action Future scenarios? Criteria for selection of scenarios? Scenario trade‐offs analysed? Trade‐offs compared against BAU? Status X X Comment Not yet considered Not yet considered X Not yet considered X Not yet considered Page | 28 STEP 4: NEGOTAITE and PRIORITIZE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 4.1 Negotiate Options Item/Action Negotiation process open, transparent and equitable? Power to influence is considered? Positions, incentives and interests are known? Authority to approve decision? Status ? ? Comment A range of options to reduce emissions considered, but discussion and negotiation with stakeholders has led to selection of a few critical actions. Yes, this has been considered ? Yes, this has been considered ? National level: Department of Forestry Provincial Level: PAFO 4.2 Prioritize and Sequence Implementation Activities Item/Action Policies and measures (PaMs)? Roles and responsibilities assigned? Actions sequenced? Status ? ? Comment Preliminary measures to reduce emissions, both in LEAF targeted districts and at provincial level have been identified. At district level, roles and responsibilities have been agreed. Measures being implemented now at the district level (land use planning, forest patrolling, improved forest management actions) 4.3 Implementation Needs Item/Action Do stakeholders have skills and resources to implement? Institutional coordination mechanisms established? Incentives integrated into plan? Sanctions or penalties included? Financial support? Status ? Comment Current capacity building are being implemented (PLUP, NPA protection and forest restoration) X Not yet considered ? Yes – but dependent on sale of credits through voluntary carbon market X Not yet considered ? Yes – but dependent on acceptance of JNR project development document by private sector buyers of carbon credits. STEP 4: MONITORING, EVALUATION AND ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT 5.1 Define the Monitoring and Evaluation Framework Item/Action Status Who is audience for ? M&E information? Is there political will to ? sustain M&E? Is there capacity & ? resources to collect data? Will data be reported? ? To whom? Will the M&E system be ? evaluated? Comment Government agencies (at all levels), other REDD+ development partners, private sector Dependent on sale of carbon credits Not yet considered Carbon emissions reported to voluntary carbon market and Government of Laos. Not currently being considered Page | 29 5.2 Monitor, Measure and Evaluate Progress Item/Action Data collection? Approvals required? Statistical approaches? QA/QC? Data storage? Status X X X X X Comment Not yet considered Not yet considered Not yet considered Not yet considered Not yet considered 5.3 Monitor, Measure and Evaluate Progress Item/Action Stakeholders engaged in evaluation? M&E outcomes used to revise and adapt the LELUP? Status X Comment Not yet considered X Not yet considered Page | 30 ... detailed in an updated report on ? ?LEAF? ?Field Activities: Mid‐Term? ?Assessment? ?of? ?Progress? ??1. The low emission land use planning (LELUP) framework used in this report to assess? ?progress? ?was developed through the joint? ?LEAF? ?and USFS curricula development efforts and builds upon even ... This report also responds directly to the? ?assessment? ?by the? ?LEAF? ?mid‐term review team that “without a? ?site? ? ?level? ?diagnostic and analytic document to orient its menu of activities,? ?LEAF? ?risks vague and unsustainable achievements when it could have clear results identified in a succinct ... additional M&E mechanism to track? ?progress? ?through to the end of the? ?LEAF? ?program. This report, and subsequent reports using the framework described, provides further evidence on LEAF? ??s progress? ?towards achieving the key? ?site? ?based indicator of: