International Workshop on Small and MediumScale Biogas

International Workshop on Small- and Medium-Scale Biogas The Evolution of Public-Private Partnerships to Accelerate the Development of Commercial Biogas Sectors 26-28 NOVEMBER 2013, HANOI, VIETNAM Report by SNV Vietnam March 2014 Contact person: Dagmar Zwebe, dzwebe@snvworld.org sasasd Abbreviations ADB APMB BCC BME BOF BP BTC CSR CDM CER DARD DGIS DMHCC E4ALL EEP EKN EnDev GHG GIZ ICD LCASP LULUCF MARD MEF MIFA NAMA ODA PMU PPP PVC QSEAP RBF RGOB SNV UNFCCC VBA VER VGS Asian Development Bank Agriculture Projects Management Board Biogas Construction Company Biogas Mason Enterprises Blue Orchard Finance National Biogas Program for the Animal Husbandry Sector in Vietnam Biogas Technology Centre Corporate Social Responsibility Clean Development Mechanism Certified Emissions Reduction Department of Agriculture and Rural Development Directorate-General for International Cooperation Department of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change Energy for All Energy and Environment Partnership Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands Energising Development programme Greenhouse Gas Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH International Cooperation Department Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project Land Use and Land Use Change and Forestry Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Microfinance Enhancement Facility Microfinance Initiatives for Asia Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action Official Development Assistance Project Management Unit (BP) Public Private Partnership Polyvinyl chloride Quality and Safety Enhancement of Agricultural Products Results Based Financing Royal Government of Bhutan Netherlands Development Organisation United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Vietnam Biogas Association Voluntary Emissions Reduction Voluntary Gold Standard Table of Contents Summary Introduction Day – 26th November 2013 2.1 Plenary Session: Opening of the workshop _ 2.2 Plenary Session: Biogas Market Development in Vietnam _ 11 2.3 Parallel Session: Public-Private Partnerships– Evolution over time 2.3.1 Introduction and short description of the group assignments _ 2.3.2 Highlights from each country _ 2.3.3 General Conclusions 13 13 13 17 Day – 27th November 2013 – Field visits 18 3.1 Domestic Biogas Program 18 3.2 Hung Vuong Composite Company 19 3.3 Medium scale brick biogas installation 20 Day – 28th November 2013 _ 21 4.1 Plenary Session: Financial mechanisms, opportunities and incentives _ 21 4.2 Parallel Sessions _ 4.2.1 The roles and potential responsibilities of Biogas Associations and other private sector initiatives 4.2.2 Micro-scale Biogas Solutions – What are the current developments? _ 4.2.3 Innovations in domestic and productive scale biogas _ 4.2.4 The evolution of Microfinance initiatives in biogas sector development, now and in the future _ 23 23 25 26 27 4.3 Closing session 30 4.3.1 Update on E4ALL Working Group on Domestic Biogas 30 4.3.2 Introducing the Global Alliance on Productive Biogas (GAPB) _ 30 ANNEX Factsheet Domestic Biogas Program Field Visit 31 ANNEX Factsheet Medium Scale Biogas Field Visit 32 ANNEX - Workshop Agenda 34 ANNEX – Participant list 38 ANNEX – Evaluation _ 45 Summary Vietnam was honoured to host the International Biogas Workshop on Small- and Medium Scale Biogas from the 26 to the 28th of November 2013 in Hanoi The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) has been cooperating with SNV Netherlands Development Organisation since 2003 on the development of the Domestic Biogas sector – financially supported by Directorate-General for International Cooperation (DGIS) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands; more recently, a start was made with the development of the medium scale biogas sector in Vietnam The first day of the workshop, and especially the opening sessions was fully in the theme of the celebrations of the 10 year cooperation Opening speeches were given by representatives from MARD, the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Vietnam (EKN), the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the National Biogas Program for the Animal Husbandry Sector in Vietnam (BP) and SNV The jubilee book prepared to mark and celebrate 10 years of cooperation on biogas sector development between MARD and SNV was launched The following plenary session, addressing aspects of biogas development in Vietnam, was introduced with a film that highlighted many of the significant events and achievements of the national program during the past 10 years Presenters from SNV, the ADB supported Low Carbon Agriculture Support Project (LCASP), MARD and the Institute of Energy provided an overview of the status and future outlook of biogas activities in Vietnam While the past 10 years has seen very significant uptake of biogas technology in Vietnam, with over 135.000 digesters that have been constructed as a result of BP, it is estimated that some 97% of the potential domestic market is still untapped Until now the main focus has been on domestic installations which have enjoyed a range of subsidies both from government and ODA funding sources, enabling the establishment of a large number of construction and supplier enterprises From this foundation a significant market for medium-scale installations is beginning to emerge while there is increasing demand to include a wider range of digester models in future programs In addition, the current end-user subsidies are being reviewed and alternative financial mechanisms such as incentives for enterprises, low-interest loans and microfinance arrangements are being considered During the afternoon session on the first day, country groups addressed four questions about the evolution of Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) as biogas sector becomes more market-based Participants were tasked to consider what market-based means and what the role of government might be in such a scenario The discussion included issues around decreasing subsidies; quality control in a market-based scenario; and how the market can best leverage its relationship with government to influence policy and enhance the success of PPPs Different countries highlighted that they were at different stages of evolution of the biogas market and in different social and political environments, so these questions generated quite diverse responses according to the local context The positions taken ranged from strong support for full commercialisation with phasing out of subsidies and government intervention in more developed markets through to a strongly held view that government should continue its hands-on involvement including subsidies to be maintained or increased in the market segments consisting of poor households The role of subsidies in quality control was recognised, but also ongoing training and certification were mentioned as measures to ensure standards Collaboration between government and enterprises was strongly supported but there was general consensus that while government should be involved in policy and regulation, the private sector should be responsible for implementation The second day was taken up with a full day of field visits to three different locations A domestic farm in Bac Ninh with a 15m3 biogas plant supported under BP showcased some of the best outcomes from this kind of installation in Vietnam The farm has clean, hygienic surroundings and the household fully utilises both biogas and bioslurry, enjoying multiple benefits from cooking for the household and making rice wine, to providing feed for the fishponds and fertiliser for the large vegetable garden At a farm in Bac Ninh with around 400 pigs, participants visited a 200m3 medium-scale biogas plant, one of built under an EEP supported and SNV implemented pilot project during 2012-2013 This pilot plant has provided key learnings that will inform future medium-scale construction and development The owner of the pilot plant is looking for opportunities to expand both his farm and the digester capacity The visit to the premises of the Huong Vuong composite digester manufacturer provided an insight into the labourintensive methods still being used for this kind of construction Participants were able to see most stages of the manufacturing process as well as the company’s wide range of appliances Hazardous working conditions at the plant site were of considerable concern to many people, highlighting the need to address workplace health and safety in supporting and helping (to establish) local suppliers The plenary session on the third day focussed on financial mechanisms, opportunities and incentives A representative from the Department of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change (DMHCC) spoke about the application of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) initiatives in Vietnam and the issues being faced It was pointing out that while a clear concept of NAMA is still evolving, it is difficult to raise public awareness and to improve institutional capacity A presentation on Results Based Financing (RBF) outlined its key characteristics and highlighted some of the issues to be addressed in its practical application as the risk is carried by the market rather than by the donor, so it is essential to have strong financial structures in place Finally, the status of current and future carbon markets was discussed, particularly the fact that there are encouraging signs that the voluntary market will offer reasonable returns for biogas in the immediate future because of its appeal on socio-economic impacts This may trigger for example funding by the private sector through Corporate Social Responsibility programs Four parallel sessions occupied the remainder of the morning In identifying the roles and responsibilities of Biogas Associations, there was a view that such organisations should promote partnerships and broker links between different market groups, while financial sustainability could best be achieved by providing highly valued services to members Micro-scale biogas solutions were discussed focusing on the provision of technology that is affordable, easy to install and maintain, but still of good quality to ensure reliability The transition from subsidies to microfinance to support biogas installation should be carefully managed to ensure access to the market is retained and that quality control issues are addressed During the final afternoon session an update was provided on the ADB supported activities under the Energy for All (E4ALL) partnership With its commitment to facilitate the installation of million biogas plants by 2016, this group is involved with training, quality control, monitoring and assessment activities to support sustainable market development Meanwhile, the Global Alliance for Productive Biogas is engaged in knowledge generation and exchange, awareness raising, advocacy and resource mobilisation to help alleviate poverty and contribute to a sustainable economy by providing people with productive biogas Participants are looking back at a successful workshop with an interesting but difficult theme of “The Evolution of Public Private Partnerships to Accelerate the Development of Commercial Biogas Sectors” The state of evolution is different in each country and heavily dependent on the local context The workshop offered a great platform to exchange knowledge and interact with each other to – togethermove forward towards more sustainable biogas markets Evaluations show again that the workshop was highly appreciated and extremely well organised Introduction In 2003, the Netherlands-Vietnam cooperation on domestic biogas was initiated Over the past decade, the Vietnam Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) and SNV Netherlands Development Organisation have clearly demonstrated the great value of this public-private partnership for the development of the biogas market in the framework of the National Biogas Program for the Animal Husbandry Sector (BP) Additional financial support was secured from the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the World Bank and others for the further growth of the sector resulting in a total of about 200,000 digesters installed by 2013 of which over 135,000 have been installed by BP The biogas programme achieved international recognition through winning the prestigious World Energy Award, Ashden Award, and Energy Globe Award In April 2011, the Vietnam Biogas Association (VBA) was established with a vision to become the leading organisation representing biogas sector enterprises, institutions and individuals in Vietnam As a spin-off of the domestic biogas programme, a niche market has started to evolve around medium-scale biogas plants Although a lot has been achieved in just 10 years, there is still work to be done in order to establish a commercial biogas sector in Vietnam In order to achieve this, the partnership between public and private parties in the sector will need to further evolve Carefully designed institutional development will have to take place: What are the roles to be played by respectively private and government actors? What will be the added value of the biogas association in the sector? Other countries in Asia, each in a different manner and context, are experiencing challenges in evolving value-adding public-private partnerships in the biogas sector Sharing the experiences between these countries is essential to further develop the biogas sectors in Asia More than 50 different organisations cooperate in the Working Group on Domestic Biogas convened by SNV under the Energy for All Partnership (E4ALL) initiated by the ADB The objective of this group is the construction of one million domestic biogas plants across fifteen Asian countries by 2016, which would provide access to sustainable energy to five million people The achievement of this target will not be possible without adequate institutional set-up and cooperation between public and private actors In addition, emerging market-based financial mechanisms like results-based financing and climate finance; technical innovations; and demand for medium-scale biogas also need a platform for discussion and advancement To support this need for on-going discussion and collaboration, the VBA, MARD through BP and SNV, in cooperation with the ADB/E4ALL, organised the International Biogas Workshop in Hanoi, Vietnam, from 26 to 28 November 2013 1.1 Objectives This workshop had the following objectives: i To learn and share experiences regarding the progress and challenges facing the domestic and medium-scale biogas programme in Asia; ii To present, discuss and advance the current institutional set-up of the biogas sector including the possible roles of biogas associations and the need for changes in the partnership between private and public actors to arrive at a commercial sector; and iii To present, discuss and advance the development of market-based financial mechanisms; technical innovation; medium-scale biogas plants; and productive use of biogas Expected output is an outline of the main issues, lessons learnt and prospects by country; To present and discuss the latest developments and opportunities on key issues related to the transition from biogas projects to national programs to sectors Expected output is opportunities mapped for developing and resourcing of biogas sectors on: carbon financing, product development, bio-slurry, credit facilities and the enabling environment 1.2 Participants Approximately 150 people participated in the workshop, twice the number anticipated in the first workshop announcement circulated in early September 2013 Interest was such that more than 100 interested people had to be turned away Delegates came from twenty-one countries and included key participants in biogas sector development representing private enterprise, civil society and government initiatives as well as development partners and financial institutions supporting biogas development See Annex for the complete participant list Day – 26th November 2013 2.1 Plenary Session: Opening of the workshop 2.1.1 Opening Address Mr Tram Kim Long, Head of Department of International Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) On behalf of the Vietnamese Government, Mr Long welcomed all participants to Vietnam, and wished them a pleasant stay, good health and happiness In his opening speech Mr Long addressed the importance of biogas technology as a response to climate change and as an important pillar of the 2020 outlook for Vietnam On behalf of MARD he complimented and thanked BP, SNV and the Government of the Netherlands for the close cooperation in supporting Vietnam and specifically the rural farmers of Vietnam with gaining access to biogas technology Over 70% of the Vietnam people still live in the rural areas, and their farming activities pollute the environment as there are improper waste management systems in place Biogas technology brings happiness to the farmers, and limits GHG emissions at the same time MARD is very proud of the many international awards the program has won over the years (2006, 2010 and 2012) as it shows there is recognition at the highest level that using cheap and available energy sources, and creating access to these sources for all people can make a difference During this workshop the aim is to share experiences and knowledge, and to learn about the successes and lessons from the Vietnamese biogas sector as well as the broader Asian market On behalf of MARD, Mr Long presented flowers to SNV Vietnam’s director Mr Mendez to thank him for 10 years of cooperation 2.1.2 Opening remarks – Introducing the 10 year celebration of Vietnam–Netherlands cooperation on household biogas in Vietnam Mr Job Runhaar, Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Vietnam In his opening remarks, Mr Runhaar was happy to inform the participants on the celebration of 40 years of cooperation between the Netherlands Government and the Vietnamese Government For this reason celebrations were being held in Ho Chi Minh City, where a Holland Village has been set-up Mr Runhaar said that the 40 years of cooperation had been a long and interesting journey with trips off the beaten track, bumpy rides as well as sunny skies The Netherlands Government has been a proud sponsor of BP for 10 years now and Mr Runhaar congratulated all the people involved in this journey When the program started the question was asked “could the success of Nepal be replicated in Vietnam and other countries?” Now we know that this indeed is possible, and markets can be developed with many opportunities for entrepreneurs, farmers and especially women The support for the program will continue through ENDEV, to which the Netherlands Government is the largest donor The Netherlands Government will continue to support new sustainable developments and poverty alleviation solutions Recently Mr Runhaar was able to join a field visit to the biogas program The enthusiasm of the BP team, the happiness of the farmers and the developments of the enterprises were clearly visible to him Regarding the field trip organised on the second day of the workshop, Mr Runhaar was sure that participants would all experience the same and would see the changes the biogas technology brings to Vietnam 2.1.3 Opening remarks from ADB Mr Elmar Elbling, Energy Specialist, Asian Development Bank In his opening remarks, Mr Elmar Elbling said that ADB believes it is very appropriate to have this workshop in Vietnam in 2013 as there are so many accomplishments that can be presented here today Besides the already mentioned awards and results, the Vietnam program is also now registered as a carbon project both under the Gold Standard as a voluntary project (since June 2012) as well as under the UNFCCC as a CDM project (2013) ADB is supporting the biogas and low carbon developments in Vietnam through several loan programs One of these is the QSEAP loan of 90 million USD supporting (among other components) the development of domestic biogas in through a loan arrangement for 20,000 digesters and additional support for another 20,000 digesters In June 2012, 26,000 digesters had already been constructed under the program A new development is the Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project (LCSAP), which Mr Hinh from the Agriculture Projects Management Board under MARD would present more on later The ADB also supports biogas developments in other countries such as Bhutan (supporting the construction of 1,600 digesters) and the development of large scale biogas digesters ADB’s Energy for All initiative (E4ALL) has very actively supported SNV and the domestic biogas sector in Asia, with its Domestic Biogas Working Group being one of the most active working groups Mr Elbling said that based on one of the outcomes of last year’s workshop in Chengdu, China, fibreglass digesters (called composite model in Vietnam) are being demonstrated and monitored in Bangladesh and Nepal Mr Elbling urged any participants who were not already members of the E4All initiative to join so that everybody could partner and work together towards the future development of the biogas sector 2.1.4 Address by Director of the National Biogas Program for the Animal Husbandry Sector in Vietnam Dr Hoang Kim Giao, Advisor to the Minister of Agriculture & Rural Development (MARD) and Director of the National Biogas Program (BP) Mr Giao indicated that as a program director since 2009, he has seen the program growing over those years The biogas market development has been based upon a few strong pillars like national and local promotion, capacity building of mason enterprises and technicians, a quality control mechanism and knowledge exchange Furthermore these developments have been the result of successful cooperation between MARD, its relevant departments, the Biogas Project Management Unit (PMU) and SNV He recognized that it is not always easy to develop a sector as local awarenessraising takes time, not only with farmers, but also with leaders Not all people are immediately fully committed, and changing circumstances often mean that SMEs may have to withdraw from biogas construction activities (about 25%) Developing a market driven sector is easier said than done, so with current dependence on subsidy mechanisms and strong support from third parties, a real change of heart and mind would be necessary to make this work Mr Giao said that climate change and epidemics are a serious issue for Vietnam and the animal husbandry sector In the year 2013, 14 serious storms hit Vietnam, with serious impacts on the livelihoods of many Biogas technology is a way of avoiding greenhouse gas emissions and addressing climate change issues As the program looks back at 10 very successful years, Mr Giao expressed confidence that there are many, even more successful years to come He wished all participants a very enjoyable workshop, with lots of learning moments and knowledge exchange, and hoped they would not forget to also enjoy Hanoi and Vietnam while they were here 2.1.5 Opening remarks from SNV – The evolution of the Biogas Program and the cooperation in Vietnam 2003-2013 (including launch of the Jubilee Book) Miguel Méndez, Country Director, SNV Vietnam Mr Mendez indicated to be proud to see so many people from so many different countries had travelled to the workshop, from far and nearby, to share knowledge and to network on the topic of biogas There was so much interest as more than 200 participants tried to register SNV is currently active in the field of domestic biogas in 20 countries worldwide, with many of these programs having been built upon the lessons learned in Nepal and Vietnam, the first countries with nationally embedded biogas programs The program is celebrating its 10 year anniversary this year – 10 years with many victories and accomplishments but of course also with difficulties Mr Miguel expressed the gratitude of SNV and the BP for the long term vision, support, close cooperation and flexibility of DGIS – the Netherlands Government He also thanked MARD for having contributed so strongly to the cooperation and success of biogas development In 2012, BP was finally registered as a carbon credit program, and is now “officially” acknowledged for the emission reductions it accomplishes each year Over 90,000 of the 140,000 plants built under the 10 09:30 Visit Medium Scale Brick biogas installation 09:00 Visit Hung Vuong Composite Biogas Manufacturer 10:45 Visit KT1 installation 11:45 LUNCH – BAC NINH 12:00 LUNCH – BAC NINH 13:15 Depart Restaurant 13:30 Depart restaurant 13:45 15:00 Visit Hung Vuong Composite Biogas Manufacturer Visit Medium Scale Brick biogas installation 15:00 Visit KT1 installation 16:00 Travel back to Hanoi 15:45 Travel back to Hanoi 17:00 Arrive at Candeo Hotel 17:00 Arrive at Candeo Hotel Domestic Biogas FREE PROGRAM Domestic Biogas FREE PROGRAM Thursday, 28 November 2013 Timeslot Activity Speaker / organiser 8.30 – 8.35 Introduction to the day’s program Ms Dagmar Zwebe, SNV Vietnam Plenary Session: Financial mechanisms, opportunities and incentives Dagmar 8.35 – 8.55 NAMA developments for Biogas in Vietnam What can this practically mean for Vietnam and the Vietnamese private sector? Mr Nguyen Trong Hung, DMHCC, Division of GHG Emission Monitoring and Low Carbon Economy, Vietnam 8.55 – 9.15 Impact Finance How can this directly support projects and private sector? Mr Ingo Puhl, South Pole Carbon Asset Management Limited *Mr Puhl was unable to attend 9.15 – 9.35 Results Based Financing What does it mean for project implementation and management Mr Marco Huels, Energy Advisor, EnDev Program, GIZ, Germany 9.35 – 9.55 Carbon Markets What does the future hold? Ms Annyta Luo Qun, Technical Expert, Gold Standard Foundation, China Parallel Session: Special interest topics 9.55 10.00 – 10.00 12.00 – speakers X countries X 15-20 minutes Logistics for the session Ms Dagmar Zwebe, SNV Vietnam Parallel Session The roles and potential responsibilities of Biogas Associations and other private sector initiatives How can such initiatives be financially sustainable? Moderator: Ms Uyen, VBA Vietnam Mr Keshav Goela, Indian Biogas Association Mr Abdur Gofran, Bangladesh Biogas Development Foundation Mr Bishnu Belbase, Nepal Biogas Promotion Association Mr Le Hung Quoc, Vietnam Biogas Association Parallel Session Micro-scale Biogas Solutions – What are the current developments? Ms Ho Thi Lan Huong Institute of Energy, Vietnam Mr Eric Buysman, SNV Cambodia Mr Choppalli Venkata Krishna, Creat, India Mr Fredrik Johansson, FOV, Sweden ………… Discussion + Moderator: Mr Jason Steele, SNV Cambodia 36 Questions + Presentation preparation Parallel Session Innovations in domestic and productive scale biogas 40-60 minutes Moderator: Mr Elmar Elbling, ADB Parallel Session The evolution of Microfinance initiatives in biogas sector development, now and in the future Moderator: FACET 12.00 – 13.30 Mr Sanjeev Tamhane, Mr Ichiro Nakano, Biogas in sanitation Mr Thammarat Koottatep, Case studies from anaerobic digester for faecal sludge treatment, Mr Taif ul Islam, Medium Scale biogas to electricity Mr Ratana Kep, Private sector after sales service Mr T.I.M Rawshan Zadeed, Trust Bank Limited, Bangladesh Mr Vanna Ry, PRASAC Cambodia Mr Normunds Mizis, Blue Orchard Mr Karma T Dorji, Bhutan Development Bank Limited LUNCH Plenary Session: Reporting and closing Ms Uyen Presentation of conclusions of the parallel sessions ~10 minutes each followed by questions Representatives groups – Update on E4ALL Working Group on Domestic Biogas Mr Zuzhang Xia, Energy Access Specialist, Energy for All Partnership, ADB 15.15 15.25 – Introducing Global Alliance on Productive Biogas Mr Remco Stappershoef, Consultant, Energy & Enterprise Development, ETC Foundation – Representing the Alliance 15.25 15.40 – 15.40 16.00 – 13.30 15.00 – 15.00 15.15 the of each of Workshop evaluation All Participants Closing the workshop and saying farewell Ms Dagmar Zwebe, SNV Vietnam the WORKSHOP FINISHES 16:00 THURSDAY 28 NOVEMBER 2013 37 ANNEX – Participant list Name From Bangladesh: Organisation Job Title email address Mr Md Abdur Gofran Grameen Bank/Bangladesh Biogas Development Foundation Biogas Consultant/ BBDFPresident gofran@dhaka.net Mr T.I.M Rawshan Zadeed Trust Bank Limited Senior Vice President, Head of SME & Green Banking, rawshan@trustbanklimited.com Relationship Officer, Biogas Program asif@idcol.org Managing Director, redwanoor@yahoo.com , redwanoor@gmail.com Associate Operations Officer, Advisory Services in South Asia MIslam5@ifc.org Design & Construction Supervisor masum.mbesl@gmail.com Senior Environment Officer, Energy and Urban Services Mahobul.Islam@practicalaction.org.bd Mr Redwanoor Rahman BulBul Mr Muhammad Taif Ul Islam Mr Md Mahafuzul Islam PK Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL) Rahman Renewable Energy Company International Finance Corporation IFC Masum Bio-gas Engineering System (MBES) Mr Md Mahobul Islam Practical Action Mr Asif Hasan From Bhutan: Mr Chhimi Dorji Mr Dorji Gyaltshen Mr Karma Thinley Dorji Mr Tashi Dorji Mr Prakash Ghimire Mr Sonam Phuntsho Mr Khatiwora Nar Bahadur From Cambodia Mr Kim Savoeun Mrs Lam Saoleng Mr Kong Sambon Department of Renewable Energy (DRE) Bhutan Biogas Project Bhutan Development Bank Limited (BTBL) Department of Livestock SNV Bhutan Bhutan Biogas Project Executive Engineer, Research & Development Project Manager, SNV Bhutan Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries National Biodigester Program National Biodigester Program chhimi08@gmail.com dorjigyel66@gmail.com Deputy General Manager ktdorji@gmail.com Officiating Dỉrector General Renewable Energy Advisor Assistant Project Manager tashidorji69@gmail.com pghimire@snvworld.org sonampun@gmail.com Renewable Energy Advisor Nkhatiwora@snvworld.org Director, Agriculture Department, admin@nbp.org.kh Program Coordinator Private Sector Office saoleng@nbp.org.kh sambon@nbp.org.kh 38 Mr Ry Vanna PRASAC MFI Manager, Credit Department ry_vanna@prasac.com.kh Mr Julian Burgos Mr Ratana Kep Mr Jason Steele Mr Eric Buijsman Mr Normunds Mizis Ms Jo Hazelwood People in Need (PIN) People in Need (PIN) SNV Cambodia SNV / NEXUS Blue Orchard Finance SA Nexus-Carbon for Development Livelihoods & Environment Program Manager Biogas Project Coordinator Renewable Energy Sector Leader Independent Consultant Regional Manager, Eurasia Alliance Manager julian.burgos@peopleinneed.cz ratana.kep@peopleinneed.cz jsteele@snvworld.org EBuysman@snvworld.org Normunds.Mizis@blueorchard.com j.hazelwood@nexus-c4d.org Ministry of Agriculture Energy for All / ADB Chizhou Xinye Ecological Energy Resources Co Ltd., Anhui Province Chizhou Xinye Ecological Energy Resources Co Ltd., Anhui Province Gold Standard Foundation Director Energy Access Specialist lijingm@agri.gov.cn xiazuzhang@gmail.com Chairman of the Board waishiwaijing@hotmail.com Senior Consultant and Translator waishiwaijing@hotmail.com Technical Expert annyta@cdmgoldstandard.org SNV Ethiopia WASH Sector Leader JAdisu@snvworld.org EnDev Program, GIZ EnDev Program, GIZ Energy Advisor Advisor marco.huels@giz.de christoph.messinger@giz.de Executive Director krishnacreat1@rediffmail.com Principle Coordinator keshav@ssgaslabasia.com Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Home Affairs Regional Development Directorate, Program Planner, Regional Development, hertj63@yahoo.com Zamhir.islamie@gmail.com Bank Sariya Mandiri Department Head dlukita@bsm.co.id SNV Indonesia Renewable Energy Advisor sbajgain@snvworld.org From China: Mr Li Jingming Mr Xia Zuzhang Mr Zhang Zhichu Mr Wang Yiming Ms Annyta Luo Qun From Ethiopia: Ms Jane Adisu From Germany: Mr Marco Huels Mr Christoph Messinger From India: Mr C V Krishna Mr Keshav Goela From Indonesia: Mr Heru Tjahyono Mr Zamhir Islamie Usman Ms Dien Lukita Purnamasari Mr Sundar Prasad Bajgain Centre for Renewable Energy & Approproiate Technologies CREAT Indian Biogas Association 39 Mr Robert de Groot Mr Iggi Haruman Achsien From Italy: Mr Karan Sehgal From Japan: Mr Pierre Flamand Mr Ichiro Nakano From Laos: Bastiaan Teune Hivos National Shariah Board Domestic Biogas Program Manager - BIRU Executive Committee member r.degroot@hivos.or.id iggi.achsien@gmail.com, Environment & Climate Division, IFAD Renewable Technologies Officer k.sehgal@ifad.org Japan Sanitation Consortium Japan Sanitation Consortium Manager, International Affairs Sanitation Expert pierre@jsanic.org nakano@jsanic.org SNV Lao PDR Sector Leader, Renewable Energy bteune@snvworld.org Ministry of Science, Technology & Environment BSP-Nepal Nepal Biogas Promotion Association (NBPA) One Planet Solution Pvt Ltd National Advisor, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre (AEPC) Executive Director SNV Nepal From Nepal: Mr Uttam Prasad Jha Mr Bala Ram Shrestha Mr Bishnu Belbase Mr Suman Skakya Mr Saroj Rai From Netherlands: Mr Job Runhaar Mr Michel Farkas Mr Sanne Castro From Pakistan: Mr Khaleel Ahmed Tetlay Mr Muhammad Saleem Ranjha Mr Ijaz Munir Sahib From Philippines: Mr Elmar Elbling From Singapore: Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Vietnam SNV Netherlands SimGas Rural Support Programs Network (RSPN) AKHUWAT Interest Free Microfinance Government of the Punjab ADB uttam.jha@aepc.org.np balaram@bspnepal.wlink.com.np Executive Director info@nbp-association.org Managing Director suman@oneplanetsolution.com Renewable Energy Advisor srai@snvworld.org Representative Managing Director, Global Support Service CEO MFarkas@snvworld.org sannecastro@simgas.org Chief Operating Officer khaleel.tetlay@rspn.org.pk Director saleemranjha@gmail.com Secretary, Agriculture ijazmunir@gmail.com Energy Specialist eelbling@adb.org 40 Mr Irfan L Pawennei Asia Carbon Holdings Pte Ltd Senior Manager, Project & Business Development irfan@asiacarbon.com From Sweden: Mr Fredrik Johansson Mr Rolf Hellstrom FOV Fabrics Sustainable Business Malardalen Business Development Manager Senior Consultant Fredrik.Johansson@fov.se rolf.hellstrom@nestor.se Mr Birger Horstrom From Thailand: Mr Sanjeev Tamhane Ms Janne Turtola WTM Environmental Solutions Managing Director birger@wtm.se UNEP Thai Biogas Energy Company sanjeev.tamhane@unep.org jturtola@tbec.co.th Dr Thammarat Koottatep Asian Institute of Technology Program Officer Senior Indochina Region Advisor Associate Professor, Environmental Engineering and Management Ministry of Energy and Power Development Principal Energy Development Officer nyuchibee@gmail.com SNV Zimbabwe Renewable Energy Advisor CMutubukiMakuyana@snvworld.org Mr Tran Kim Long Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Mr Nguyen Trong Hung DMHCC, MONRE Head, International Cooperation Department, Official, Division of GHG Emission Monitoring and Low Carbon Economy thamarat@ait.ac.th From Zimbabwe: Mr Blessing Jonga Ms Chandirekera Mutubuki-Makuyana From Vietnam: Mr Nguyen Anh Minh MSc Nguyen The Hinh Ms Pham Thanh Huyen Mr Hoang Kim Giao Mr Miguel Mendez Mr John Block Mr George Block Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Agriculture Project Management Board, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development SNV Vietnam Vietnam Resident Mission, Water Team, ADB Vietnam Resident Mission, Water Team, ADB longtk.htqt@mard.gov.vn tronghung_vh@yahoo.com Head Bilateral International Cooperation, naminh.htqt@mard.gov.vn Vice Director General Cum Director of Low Carbon Agriculture Support Project hinhnt.dann@mard.gov.vn Deputy Director, Finance huyenpt.vtc@mard.gov.vn Advisor to the Minister, Director, National Biogas Program Country Director Team Leader / Water and Wastewater Engineering Specialist Graduate Engineer Intern giaohk.cn@mard.gov.vn mmendez@snvworld.org john.block3@gmail.com gblock8@gmail.com 41 Mr Pham Quang Tien Dr Hoang Vu Cuong Ms Le Thi Thoa Vietnam Resident Mission, Water Team, ADB Vietnam Resident Mission, Water Team, ADB Landell Mills Ms Soojin Kim Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO Mr Tomas Hertzman SwedishCENTECVietnam Mr Nguyen Duc Vinh SwedishCENTECVietnam Ms Le Thi Phuong Thao Ms Rosario 'Chato' Calderon SwedishCENTECVietnam Ms Veronica Lee USAID Vietnam Mr Mr Mr Mr Mr Mr Intraco INHAND LaVieVuLinh GIZ GIZ GIZ Ywert Visser Rainer Wiedemann Dan-Tâm Costa Werner Kossman Phan Thanh Tung Bennet Barth USAID Vietnam Ms Katja Trinks Mr Remco Van Stappershoef Mr Nguyen Chung Kien KfW Hanoi Mr Dang Quoc Viet Ms Le Thi Phuong Hong Ms Ho Thi Lan Huong Mr Le Thi Thu Ha Ms Vu Thi Mai Huong Ms Tang Thi Hong Loan Mr Pham Duc Tho Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Specialist Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Specialist Independent Consultant Program Officer (UNV), Sustainable Environment and Natural Resources Management Director Program officer, Environment and Public Sector Secretary Senior Climate Change Advisor, Environment and Social Development Office Environmental Officer, Environment and Social Development Office Business Development Manager Bbac Ninh biogas pilot plant operator Consulting Engineer Chief Technical Advisor, Renewable Energy Project Officer, Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Support Project pqtien.consultant@adb.org cuongvhoang@gmail.com lethoabk@gmail.com soojin.kim@fao.org tomas.vietnam@swedishcentec.se vinh.vietnam@swedishcentec.se info.vietnam@swedishcentec.se rcalderon@usaid.gov vlee@usaid.gov ywert.visser@carbonvietnam.com rainerwiedemann@gms.de dantam.costa@gmail.com werner.kossman@giz.de tung.phan@giz.de bennet.barth@giz.de Deputy Director, Energy Sector Consultant, Energy & Enterprise Development Senior Execuctive, CDM/Climate Chane Katja.Trinks@kfw.de World Vision Hanoi School of Public Health Institute of Energy COOPBank COOPBank VBA-EPRO WASH, Environment and Energy Coordinator dang_quoc_viet@wvi.org Researcher Project officer Project officer Director hhuong.bpo@gmail.com haltt@coopbank.vn huongvtm@coopbank.vn loan.tth@eprovn.com Kankyo Vietnam Deputy Director kankyovietnam@gmail.com ETC Asia Carbon Holdings Pte Ltd r.van.stappershoef@ETCNL.NL kien@asiacarbon.com 42 Mr Le Hung Quoc Vietnam Biogas Association Chairman, VBA quoc1946@yahoo.com.vn Mr Mr Mr Mr Mr Mr Vietnam Biogas Association VBA-Van Son Com VBA-Hung Viet Com Biogas Technology Centre VBA Moi Truong Xanh Company SC member, VBA Deputy Director Sales manager Director Independent Consultant Director nguyenngocthai1947@yahoo.com.vn phamhoanbiogas08@gmail.com prtrungnt@gmail.com khaibtc@yahoo.com chinhbuivan@ftp.vn moitruongxanhcomposite@gmail.com Mr Tran Van Dong Ms Tran Tuyet Lan Ms Tran Hai Anh Mr Nguyen Hanh Mr Nguyen Hong Son Mr Nguyen Thu Phuong Xanh company Quang Huy Company Quang Huy Company Hung Vuong Vi Nong Vi Nong Director Officer Officer Deputy Director Director Project officer ctyxanhxanh@gmail.com tronghanqh@gmail.com tronghanqh@gmail.com hv.biogas@yahoo.com hsontvn@gmail.com vinong@gmail.com Mr Mr Mr Mr Mr Mr Engineer CISDOMA Hoai Nam Hoai Bac Hoai Nam Hoai Bac Ex-PMU Institute of Energy VBA member Director Chairman, General Director Deputy Director Ex-director, PMU Researcher tuyentk2008@gmail.com cuongcc1984@yahoo.com hoainamhoaibac@yahoo.com hoainamhoaibac@yahoo.com NA trantuanduongkt@gmail.com Institute of Energy MACDI MACDI National Institute of Veterinary Research Ex-PMU Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development AMDI North food JC company Thai Biogas Energy Company Researcher Director Project officer giangdhie@gmail.com projectmacdi@gmail.com projectmacdi@gmail.com Hygiene Department Researcher chienson2006@yahoo.com Head of technical department maintt@biogas.org.vn Deputy Director, DLP chinhtx@gmail.com Project officer hanhbh@amdi.vn Advisor thanh.xuan.tbec@gmail.com Nguyen Ngoc Thai Nguyen Van Thai Nguyen Tien Trung Nguyen Quang Khai Bui Van Chinh Ngo Duy Dong Tran Khac Tuyen Nguyen Mong Cong Huynh Viet Thanh Lam Ngoc Hieu Tran Van Son Tran Tuan Duong Ms Dang Huong Giang Ms Dinh Thi Minh Thai Ms Pham Thu Huong Ms Dang Thi Thanh Son Mr Ngo Thanh Than Mr Tong Xuan Chinh Mr Vu Pham Hai Dang Mr Dinh Quoc Viet Mr Nguyen Thanh Hai Duong thi Thanh Xuan 43 Ms Duong Thi Hai Yen TYM Deputy Head, Research & Communication dth@tymfund.org.vn Ms Ms Ms Ms Ms Ms GIZ GIZ Vietnam Biogas Association Vietnam Biogas Association Vietnam Biogas Association SNV Vietnam Translator Translator Business Development Coordinator Administrative officer Organizational Development Advisor Team Leader, Renewable Energy nguyen.quyen.1975@gmail.com nguyetanhftu@yahoo.com UNguyenthito@snvworld.org vbavietnam@gmail.com KHergstrom@snvworld.org Dzwebe@snvworld.org Mr Steven Von Eije Ms Nguyen Thi Minh Nguyet Mr Le Anh Duc SNV Vietnam Technical Advisor, EnDev Project svoneije@snvworld.org Biogas PMU Coordinator nguyetntm@biogas.org.vn Biogas PMU Technical Advisor ducla@biogas.org.vn Mr Le Duy Son Ms Dang Thi Ngoc Huyen Mr Nguyen Minh Hung Ms Nguyen Thi Thu Trang Ms Nguyen Dao Tuyet Nga Mr Vo Anh Phuong Mr Vu Ngoc Minh Biogas PMU Biogas PMU SNV Vietnam SNV Vietnam Technical Advisor Marketing & Promotions Officer Program Assistant Program Assistant sonld@biogas.org.vn huyendtn@biogas.org.vn hungnm@snvworld.org tnguyenthithu@snvworld.org SNV Vietnam Communication Officer ngandt@snvworld.org SNV Vietnam SNV Vietnam Communication Officer Intern Program Assistant Intern AVoPhuong@snvworld.org Nguyen Thi Quyen Bui Nguyet Anh Nguyen Thi To Uyen Nguyen Thi Quyen Katrina Hergstrom Dagmar Zwebe 44 ANNEX – Evaluation EVALUATION RESULTS ITEM POOR FAIR GOOD VERY GOOD Arrival arrangements at the airport 18 31 Hotel rooms, facilities, service and catering 1 10 50 Organisation and facilitation of the Workshop 26 38 Content and structure of the Workshop Agenda 11 38 20 Plenary Session 1: Opening 27 26 Plenary Session 2: Vietnam Biogas Market Development  Ms Dagmar Zwebe (overview of the program) 32 33  Ms Nguyen Thi Minh Nguyet (10 years of the Biogas Program) 33 29  Ms Dagmar Zwebe (Opportunities and Challenges) 33 29  MSc Nguyen The Hinh (ADB support the VN Biogas Sector) 37 20  Ms Ho Thi Lan Huong (Medium-Scale Biogas) 41 14 Parallel Session 1: Group discussion – Public-Private Partnerships 11 31 20 Plenary Session 3: Country Group Reports 13 26 21 Field Visits on 27/11 10 11  KT1 Domestic Biogas installation 30 27  Medium Scale Brick biogas installation 10 27 27  Hung Vuong Composite Biogas Manufacturer 11 28 23 Plenary Session 4: Financial  Mr Nguyen Trong Hung (NAMA developments) 16 39  Mr Ingo Puhl (Impact Finance) - - - -  Mr Marco Huels (Results based Financing) 39 21  Ms Annyta Luo Qun (Carbon Markets) 10 34 20 Parallel Session 2: Special Interest Groups  Session 1: The role of Biogas Associations 36 11  Session 2: Micro-Scale Biogas Solutions 39 15  Session 3: Innovations in domestic & productive scale biogas 34 18  Session 4: The evolution of Microfinance initiatives 36 11 17 12 Plenary Session 5: Reporting and closing 29 13 How useful has this International Workshop been for you 39 30 GOOD VERY GOOD POOR FAIR 45 Comments and suggestions about the Workshop 14 15 Plenary Session 2: Vietnam biogas market development Interesting to know about Vietnam biogas market with government support Longwinded – could have been more succinct Very good Good overview of biogas sector in Vietnam – better if in-depth analysis of biogas market Flipchart should be available to facilitate easier Please include other countries also Challenges and constraints in way forward were not clear Include lessons learnt, challenges Potential will develop more in future – need more support by technicians and management Good video – thank-you to Vietnam for leading and showing good example on B Should be shorter High potential but more effort needed to achieve that potential All stakeholders must jointly plan to reach 25% penetration Good session – gave elaborate picture of biogas in Vietnam Could have explained more about what can be learnt from VN? Why already have an independent market & not yet in Cambodia? Parallel Session 1: Country group discussions Needs more structuring and questions not applicable to all countries Should give enough time to present each country group discussion Very valuable Could have been better structured – learning outcome not crystallised Interactive and fruitful Active discussion Questions difficult but important to discuss by more focused group of strategy developers Make clear on purpose and how to follow up Involve more countries – Thailand, Myanmar Invite more countries especially Africa and central Asia Good but real conclusions lacking Good – lots of information from different countries Need tailor made questions for each country – general questions did not suit all Good activity – need information in advance – divide by category not country Some countries not have coherent programs so discussion needs more focus Very relevant Difficult to have focused conversations as moderator spoke English and participants were not fluent Limited with just country representatives so no new ideas/ dialogue Technical experts should help moderate discussion Very interesting to learn from different sectors More regional views (NGO/private/government) Very good – got to appreciate what different countries are doing in different contexts Confuse Vietnam groups 1&2; not clear on Vietnam biogas position on phase out of subsidies Questions too broad and not enough time for discussion Very useful but not easy to combine Ethiopia & Zambia as at different stages but compromised and had useful discussion Useful to provide explanation of market-oriented Good disc Should have been more country-specific – not general No comparison of country lessons – how can we go to more market based – no learning structurally Invite other sectors with experience of phasing out subsidies; use more different facilitation styles and more discussion not list/present 46 16 17 Core topic – how we achieve more market focus was not answered Why same questions for all countries? Led to too many groups with same ideas Time too short for discussion More focused questions to get to better conclusions Plenary Session 3: Country group reports Necessary but too long – different way of reporting? Not that clear Should share best practice & case study from successful country More time to understand questions Not so interesting as group discussion results were not great Should be done in parallel session – display reports to whole group – long and redundant Not clear conclusion Reports too general Overview presentation from each country on status of B would be worthwhile Good report India Time was very short Should be more structured – short statements on questions Good but more time for questions Very good – got to appreciate what different countries are doing in different contexts Controlling time for other countries while not for Vietnam Excellent way to learn about other countries especially – good despite short time Should have been more country-specific – not general Why same questions for all countries? Led to too many groups with same comments Was really general – missing some concrete ideas instead of general ones Field Visit Huong Vuong composite of least interest Should select small scale to visit also Manufacturing composite plant toxic – should have been dropped Interesting but learning could have been more See more of actual SNV outputs and more about bio slurry application Interesting but difficult to identify who could answer questions Company has big pollution & working environment problem and we should not support – biogas is related to environment Should be sustainable business – pollution +poor work conditions Last year better Very interesting & practical OK but very simple More site visiting close to workshop Could be much better organised good but need more organisation in field to allow systematic questions and answers It would be good to see some innovation rather than domestic digester No real medium scale Choose better suppliers Good to see sites good organisation An eye-opener for sure! Huong Vuong visit was disorganised – lack of proper program for visit – wasted time Excellent Include construction of plant Demonstration on construction taking place would have been nice Better if discussion on field visit was more organised Better to enter field visit with structured explanation of market dynamics in Vietnam Biogas Very poor working conditions at Huong Vuong; med scale could have had better introduction and understanding; did not understand small scale well Highlight informative – selected appropriate examples to learn from Good and informative Long transport but interesting visit 47 18 19 20 21 Good but thought I would hear more of productive use of Biogas – waste to energy, bioslurry etc Could have been more briefing at each site Too much travel time Good opportunity for direct information Good insight into situation in Vietnam and individual households Not as productive as should have been – partly language barrier Very interesting view Plenary Session 4: Financial Ingo should have been there Good to learn about financial support for biogas sector Carbon session interesting Did not understand much and hope Dagmar’s support will continue to push biogas in Asia Interesting – not enough time for discussion; good to split into smaller groups All biogas subsidy needed Discussion time too short – should be after each presentation Ask presenters to close with A-Z of provocative statements to trigger discussion Not relevant but found carbon markets presentation interesting – would like to know more Good & clear Subsidy issue well discussed but no conclusion Good – diverse perspectives shared Parallel Session 2: Special interest Biogas Association session did not have great outputs – presentations interesting for start-up countries Good but offer not and opportunity to switch between Limited discussion time – better if 30 minutes more Use of social media – this workshop could have been webcast Would have liked to join sessions Good ideas especially diversifying biogas source beyond livestock to human waste Quality biogas plant construction needed Too focused on presentations – prefer workshop setup with presentation of each topic then discussion, conclusions, recommendations Good but need more time for questions A bit disappointed with content of Medium Scale to electricity Not so clear Better if topics further selected to suit the themes Biogas Associations session excellent Interesting topics but presentations very short Presentations only from existing biogas associations – could have had country without one to learn from exp Plenary Session 5: Reporting and closing Less interesting and interactive Need a newsletter every month Webcasting of all future events Draw summary and way forward Good reporting of parallel sessions Too much repeating presentation content Better to have core conclusion per group then discuss Quick & to the point – Dagmar is easy going and makes atmosphere light and accommodating Well managed More critical comments More about environmental impact and challenges Logistics, Hotel etc: Fantastic organisation and interesting event Very good 48 22 Hotel & food nice Great hotel – not great neighbourhood Thanks for driving into town Room was too small and no desk for laptop working Amazingly good excellent Couldn’t have asked for more Other comments or suggestions: Is workshop carbon neutral Congratulations on good job Could be day workshop Organise no-meeting meetings, formally or informally Bigger company and title on badges Keep up the good work Give hand-outs of presentations Copy of all presentations must be delivered to participants Schedule is very tight Presentation must be completely hard copy Need sight seeing Diversify food for lunch Facebook and LinkedIn group of a biogas workshop webinar every month Please focus the theme and select presenters accordingly Medium scale was not enough discussed Content did not match with medium scale – not as much learning as expected No technical details for Domestic Scale, Medium Scale; no decisions from PPP; no debate on phasing out subsidies & impact & no decisions Nothing new Dinner must be provided during workshop period Very good and well organised Need certificates of attendance Presentations should be on CD or flash to avoid downloading problems Need simple translation books for visitors Other year next time all participants will be invited A more critical approach to own work and addressing challenges would be more useful Encourage private sector participation within biogas sector Flags was a lovely touch Lack of a way forward for future work Thank you for inviting Ethiopia – great to learn about other countries experience Workshops should continue Good work – see you next year Almost no focus on environmental issues and problems caused by wrong technology/maintenance so gas is discharged to environment, impact of slurry etc 49 SNV is dedicated to a society where all people enjoy the freedom to pursue their own sustainable development We contribute to this by strengthening the capacity of local organisations SNV's presence in Asia started in 1980 in Nepal and has since expanded to Bhutan, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, with emerging programmes in Bangladesh, Pakistan and Indonesia Our advisors are working hand-in-hand with local actors in some of the remotest and poorest corners of Asia to strengthen their capacity to effectively realise poverty reduction and good governance To ensure tangible impact, we offer services in:  Agricultural & Forest Products  Renewable Energy  Water, Sanitation & Hygiene  and in our innovation area - REDD Contact Information SNV Netherlands Development Organisation Vietnam Office Address: 6th floor, Building B, La Thanh hotel 218 Doi Can street, Ba Dinh, Ha Noi, Vietnam Tel 84 - -8463 791, Fax 84 - -8463 794 Email: vietnam@snvworld.org Website: www.snvworld.org 50 ... Bhutan Netherlands Development Organisation United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Vietnam Biogas Association Voluntary Emissions Reduction Voluntary Gold Standard Table of Contents... infrastructure and risk tolerance  Risk positioning: internal and external risks  Capital adequacy: capitalization level and trends and  Financial and operational performance Discussion, conclusions and. .. Kim Long Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Mr Nguyen Trong Hung DMHCC, MONRE Head, International Cooperation Department, Official, Division of GHG Emission Monitoring and Low Carbon