Group a counseling specialty 7e pearson by t gladding chapter 03

Chapter Effective Group Leadership Prepared by: Nathaniel N Ivers, Wake Forest University Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Roadmap Definition of Leadership  Leadership Styles  Personal Qualities of Effective Leaders  Knowledge and Skills  Roles and Functions  Co-Leaders  Group Supervision  Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-2 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Leadership Defined  Disagreement exists about what a leader is  However, some common responsibilities of effective leadership, particularly with groups, can be distinguished:    Envisioning goals Motivating people Achieving a workable unity in an appropriate and timely manner Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-3 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Group Leadership Styles  Authoritarian Group Leaders  Democratic Group Leaders  Laissez-faire Group Leaders Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-4 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Authoritarian Group Leaders  Envision themselves as experts  Tend to be rigid and conventional in their beliefs (Cheng et al., 1998)  Interpret, give advice, and generally direct the movement of the group  Demand obedience and conformity from group members  Theory X leaders Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-5 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Democratic Group Leaders  Are more group-centered and less directive than authoritarian leaders  Trust group participants to develop their own potential and that of other group members  Serve as facilitators of the group process  Cooperate, collaborate, and share responsibilities with the group  Are more humanistically and phenomenologically oriented Are Theory Y Leaders (McGregor, 1960)  Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-6 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Laissez-faire Leaders  Are leaders in name only  Do not provide structure or direction of their groups, creating a groupcentered perspective of operation Are considered Theory Z leaders (Ouchi, 1981)  Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-7 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Personal Qualities of Effective Group Leaders  Poise  Judgment  Empathy  Ego strength  Freedom from excessive anxiety  A desire to help people (Slavson, 1962) Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-8 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Personal Qualities of Effective Group Leaders  Tolerance of frustration  Imagination  Intuition  Perceptiveness  Ability to avoid self-preoccupation (Slavson, 1962) Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-9 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Personal Qualities of Effective Group Leaders  Courage  Willingness to model  Presence  Goodwill and caring  Belief in group process  Openness (Corey et al., 2014) Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-10 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Personal Qualities of Effective Group Leaders  Nondefensiveness in coping with attacks  Personal power  Stamina  Willingness to seek new experiences  Self-awareness  Humor  Inventiveness (Corey et al., 2014) Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-11 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Group Leader Knowledge  Course work and experiential requirements  Knowledge of specializations, theories, and research as well as skills  Assessment of group members and social systems  Planning and implementing group interventions  Leadership and co-leadership  Evaluation Ethical practice, best practice, and diversity-competent practice (ASGW, 2000)  Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-12 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Specific Group Skills  Facilitating  Protecting  Blocking  Linking  Diagnosing  Reality testing  Modification  Delegating  Creativity  Emotion regulation Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-13 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Group Leadership Roles and Functions Six essential roles and functions that a group leader must carry out:        Group member selection pre-group preparation Positive leader-member relationship Group structure Group cohesion Leader communication and feedback (Riva et al., 2004) Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-14 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Group Leader Roles and Functions  Traffic Director  Modeler of Appropriate Behavior  Interactional Catalyst  Communication Facilitator  Conflict Mediator Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-15 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Group Leader Roles and Functions  Five specific techniques for managing conflict in groups:      Withdrawal from the conflict Suppressing conflict Integrating conflicting ideas to form new solutions Working out a compromise Using power to resolve the conflict (Kormanski, 1982; Simpson, 1977) Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-16 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Co-Leaders in Groups  A professional or a professional-in training who undertakes the responsibility of sharing the leadership of a group with another leader in a mutually determined manner in order to facilitate counseling, therapy, or group member interaction  Occurs often, especially in groups with a membership of 12 or more Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-17 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Co-leaders in Groups - Advantages  Ease of handling the group in difficult situations  Uses of modeling  Feedback  Shared specialized knowledge  Pragmatic considerations Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-18 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Co-Leaders in Groups - Limitations  Lack of coordinated efforts  Two leader focused  Competition  Collusion Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-19 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Group Leadership Training  Group-Based Training  Group Generalist Model  Educational and Developmental Procedure  Systematic Group Leadership Training  Critical-Incident Model and Intervention Cube  Skilled Group Counseling Training Model Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-20 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Group Supervision    Increases supervisees’ independence and self-confidence (Linton, 2003) Helps supervisees broaden their understanding from a focus on individual issues to interpersonal and group-as-a-system issues (Rubel & Okech, 2006) Peer group supervision is another way of providing group leaders with supervision Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-21 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved  ...  Trust group participants to develop their own potential and that of other group members  Serve as facilitators of the group process  Cooperate, collaborate, and share responsibilities with... Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-5 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Democratic Group Leaders  Are more group- centered and less directive than authoritarian leaders... Specialty, 7e Samuel Gladding 3-3 © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved Group Leadership Styles  Authoritarian Group Leaders  Democratic Group Leaders  Laissez-faire Group Leaders