on tap tieng anh STC 1 chuan

• • I/ Much, many, a lot of lots of – số trường hợp khác Much & many Many much thường đứng trước danh từ Many với danh từ đếm much với danh từ không đếm được: She didn’t eat much breakfast (Cô ta không ăn sáng nhiều) There aren’t many large glasses left (Khơng lại nhiều cốc lớn) Tuy nhiên much of với tên người tên địa danh: I have seen too much of Howard recently (Gần hay gặp Howard) Not much of Denmark is hilly (Đan mạch khơng có đồi núi) Many/much of + determiner (a, the, this, my ) + noun You can’t see much of a country in a week (Anh biết nhiều nước vòng tuần đâu.) I won’t pass the exam I have missed many of my lessons (Tôi không kỳ thi mất, tơi bỏ q nhiều bài.) Many much dùng nhiều câu phủ định câu nghi vấn, câu khẳng định dùng loại từ khác plenty of, a lot, lots of để thay How much money have you got? I’ve got plenty He got lots of men friends, but he doesn’t know many women Tuy tiếng Anh, much many dùng bình thường câu khẳng định Much has been written about the causes of unemployment in the opinion of many economists Much dùng phó từ (much đứng trước động từ đứng sau very sau cấu trúc phủ định câu): I don’t travel much these days (much = very often) I much appreciate your help (much=highly) We very much prefer the country to the town Janet much enjoyed her stay with your family Much too much / many so many (để nhấn mạnh) dùng độc lập sau mệnh đề chính, trước danh từ mà bổ ngữ The cost of a thirty-second commercial advertisement on a television show is $300,000, much too much for most business Many a + singular noun + singular verb: Biết Many a strong man has disheartened before such a challenge (Biết bao chàng trai tráng kiện nản lòng trước thử thách vậy) I have been to the top of the Effeil tower many a time Many’s the + {smt that / sbody who} + singular verb Many’s the student who couldn’t follow the post-graduate courses at universities and colleges under the pressure of money (Biết sinh viên theo học trường ĐH CĐ thiếu tiền) Many’s the promise that has been broken (Biết lời hứa bị phản bội) Phân biệt alot/ lots of/ plenty/ a great deal với many/ much Các thành ngữ có nghĩa tương đương với much/ many (nhiều) most (đa phần) A lot of/ lots of (informal) = a great deal/ a large number of/ much/ many (formal) Khơng có khác a lot of lots of Chủ ngữ sau hai thành ngữ định việc chia động từ a lot of | uncountable noun + singular verb lots of | plural noun + plural verb A lot of time is needed to learn a language Lots of us think it’s time for an election Plenty of dùng phổ biến informal English Don’t rush, there’s plenty of time Plenty of shops take checks • • A large a mount of = a great deal of + non-count noun (formal English) I have thrown a large amount of old clothing Mr Lucas has spent a great deal of time in the Far East A lot a great deal dùng làm phó từ vị trí cuối câu On holiday we walk and swim a lot The gorvernment seems to change its mind a great deal II Các dạng so sánh tính từ phó từ 1.1 So sánh ngang Cấu trúc sử dụng as … as S + V + as + {adj/ adv} + as + {noun/ pronoun} My book is as interesting as yours His car runs as fast as a race car Nếu câu phủ định, as thứ thay so He is not as tall as his father He is not so tall as his father * Danh từ dùng để so sánh, nên nhớ trước so sánh phải đảm bảo danh từ phải có tính từ tương đương adjectives nouns heavy, light weight wide, narrow width deep, shallow depth long, short length big, small Khi so sánh danh từ, sử dụng cấu trúc sau: size S + V + the same + (noun) + as + {noun/ pronoun} • • • • • • • My house is as high as his My house is the same height as his * Chú ý ngược nghĩa với the same…as different from… Không dùng different than Sau số ví dụ khác so sánh danh từ These trees are the same as those He speaks the same language as she Her address is the same as Rita’s Their teacher is different from ours She takes the same course as her husband 1.2 So sánh Trong loại so sánh người ta chia làm hai dạng: tính từ phó từ ngắn (chỉ có hai âm tiết phát âm) tính từ, phó từ dài (3 âm tiết trở lên) Khi so sánh khơng ngang bằng: Đối với tính từ phó từ ngắn cần cộng đuôi -er (thick – thicker; cold-colder; quiet-quieter) Đối với tính từ ngắn có phụ âm tận (trừ w,x,z) trước nguyên âm, phải gấp đôi phụ âm cuối (big-bigger; red-redder; hot-hotter) Đối với tính từ, phó từ dài, thêm more less trước tính từ phó từ (more beautiful; more important; more believable) Đối với tính từ tận phụ âm+y, phải đổi y thành -ier (happy-happier; dry-drier; prettyprettier) Đối với tính từ có hậu tố -ed, -ful, -ing, -ish, -ous biến đổi cách thêm more cho dù chúng tính từ dài hay ngắn (more useful, more boring, more cautious) Trường hợp đặc biệt: strong-stronger; friendly-friendlier than = more friendly than Chú ý dùng more khơng dùng hậu tố -er ngược lại Các ví dụ sau SAI: more prettier, more faster, more better Chú ý: • • Chỉ số phó từ có –er, bao gồm: faster, quicker, sooner, latter Nhớ dùng dạng thức chủ ngữ đại từ sau than, không dùng dạng tân ngữ Ví dụ so sánh khơng ngang bằng: John’s grades are higher than his sister’s Today is hotter than yesterday This chair is more comfortable than the other He speaks Spanish more fluently than I (không dùng than me) He visits his family less frequently than she does This year’s exhibit is less impressive than last year’s So sánh khơng ngang nhấn mạnh cách thêm much far trước cụm từ so sánh A waterlemon is much sweeter than a a lemon His car is far better than yours * Danh từ dùng để diễn đạt phép so sánh ngang hơn/kém Chú ý dùng tính từ bổ nghĩa với danh từ đếm không đếm He earns as much money as his brother They have as few classes as we Before payday, I have as little money as my brother I have more books than she February has fewer days than March Their job allows them less fredom than ours does Khi so sánh người/ vật với tất người vật khác phải thêm else sau anything/anybody… He is smarter than anybody else in the class Lưu ý: Đằng sau as than mệnh đề so sánh loại bỏ chủ ngữ trùng hợp với chủ ngữ thứ nhất, đặc biệt động từ sau than as dạng bị động Lúc than as có thêm chức đại từ quan hệ thay Their marriage was as stormy as had been expected (Incorrect: as it had been expected) He worries more than was good for him (Incorrect: than it/what was good for him) Các tân ngữ bị loại bỏ sau động từ mệnh đề sau THAN AS: Don’t lose your passport, as I did last year (Incorrect: as I did it last year) They sent more than I had ordered (Incorrect: than I had ordered it) She gets her meat from the same butcher as I go to (Incorrect: as I go to him) 1.3 Phép so sánh không hợp lý Khi dùng câu so sánh nên nhớ đối tượng dùng để so sánh phải tương đương nhau: người với người, vật với vật Các lỗi thường mắc phải sử dụng câu so sánh không hợp lý chia làm loại: sở hữu cách, that of those of 1.3.1 Sở hữu cách: Incorrect: His drawings are as perfect as his instructor (Câu so sánh tranh với người dẫn) Correct: His drawings are as perfect as his instructor’s (instructor’s = instructor’s drawings) 1.3.2 Dùng thêm that of cho danh từ số ít: Incorrect: The salary of a professor is higher than a secretary (Câu so sánh salary với secretary) Correct: The salary of a professor is higher than that of a secretary (that of = the salary of) 1.3.3 Dùng thêm those of cho danh từ số nhiều: Incorrect: The duties of a policeman are more dangerous than a teacher (Câu so sánh duties với teacher) Correct: The duties of a policeman are more dangerous than those of a teacher (those of = the duties of) 1.3.4 Các tính từ phó từ đặc biệt Một số tính từ phó từ có dạng thức so sánh đặc biệt Chúng khơng theo quy tắc nêu Nghiên cứu bảng sau: Tính từ trạng từ So sánh So sánh far farther further farthest furthest little few less least much many more most good well better best bad worse worst badly I feel much better today than I did last week He has less time now than he had before This magainze is better than that one He acts worse now than ever before Lưu ý: farther dùng cho khoảng cách; further dùng cho thông tin trường hợp trừu tượng khác The distance from your house to school is farther than that of mine If you want further information, please call to the agent Next year he will come to the U.S for his further education 1.5 So sánh bội số So sánh bội số so sánh: nửa (half), gấp đôi (twice), gấp ba (three times),… Không sử dụng so sánh mà sử dụng so sánh bằng, so sánh phải xác định danh từ đếm hay không đếm được, đằng trước chúng có many/much This encyclopedy costs twice as much as the other one Jerome has half as many records now as I had last year At the clambake last week, Fred ate three times as many oysters as Bob Các lối nói: twice that many/twice that much = gấp đôi ngần ấy… dùng ngữ, không dùng văn viết We have expected 80 people at that rally, but twice that many showned up (twice as many as that number) 1.6 So sánh kép Là loại so sánh với cấu trúc: Càng… càng… Các Adj/Adv so sánh phải đứng đầu câu, trước chúng phải có The Dùng hai mẫu câu sau để so sánh kép: The + comparative + S + V + the + comparative + S + V The hotter it is, the more miserable I feel (Trời nóng, tơi thấy khó chịu) The sooner you take your medicince, the better you will feel (Anh uống thuốc sớm bao nhiêu, anh cảm thấy dễ chịu nhiêu) The bigger they are, the faster they fall (Chúng to rơi nhanh nhiêu) The more + S + V + the + comparative + S + V The more you study, the smarter you will become (Càng học, anh thông minh hơn) The more I look into your eyes, the more I love you (Càng nhìn vào mắt em, anh yêu em hơn) Sau The more vế thứ thêm that khơng mẫu câu không phổ biến The more (that) you study, the smarter you will become Trong trường hợp hai vế có chủ ngữ giả it is bỏ chúng The shorter (it is), the better (it is) Hoặc hai vế dùng to be bỏ The closer to the Earth’s pole (is), the greater the gravitational force (is) Các cách nói: all the better (càng tốt hơn), all the more (càng… hơn), not… any the more… (chẳng… hơn… tí nào), none the more… (chẳng chút nào) dùng để nhấn mạnh cho tính từ phó từ đem so sánh Nó dùng với tính từ trừu tượng dùng văn nói: Sunday mornings were nice I enjoyed them all the more because Sue used to come round to breakfast He didn’t seem to be any the worse for his experience He explained it all carefully, but I was still none the wiser Cấu trúc khơng dùng cho tính từ cụ thể: Those pills have made him all the slimmer (SAI) 1.7 Cấu trúc No sooner… than (Vừa … đã…) Chỉ dùng cho thời khứ thời tại, không dùng cho thời tương lai No sooner đứng đầu mệnh đề, theo sau trợ động từ đảo lên trước chủ ngữ để nhấn mạnh, than đứng đầu mệnh đề lại: No sooner + auxiliary + S + V + than + S + V No sooner had we started out for California than it started to rain Một ví dụ thời (will lấy sang dùng cho tại) No sooner will he arrive than he will want to leave Lưu ý: No longer có nghĩa not anymore Khơng dùng cấu trúc not longer cho câu có ý nghĩa khơng … He no longer studies at the university (He does not study at the university anymore.) • • • • • S + no longer + Positive Verb 1.8 So sánh không dùng than (giữa đối tượng) Khi so sánh người vật mà không dùng than, muốn nói đối tượng tốt hơn, giỏi hơn, đẹp hơn,… trước adj adv so sánh phải có the Chú ý phân biệt trường hợp với trường hợp so sánh bậc (khi có đối tượng trở lên) Trong câu thường có cụm từ of the two + noun, đứng đầu cuối câu Harvey is the smarter of the two boys Of the two shirts, this one is the prettier Pealse give me the smaller of the two cakes Of the two books, this one is the more interesting 1.9 So sánh bậc (từ đối tượng trở lên) Dùng so sánh người vật trở lên, số ưu việt so với đối tượng lại mặt Để biến tính từ phó từ thành dạng so sánh bậc nhất, áp dụng quy tắc sau: Đối với tính từ phó từ ngắn: thêm -est Đối với tính từ phó từ dài: dùng most least Trước tính từ phó từ so sánh phải có the Dùng giới từ in với danh từ số đếm Dùng giới từ of với danh từ số nhiều đếm John is the tallest boy in the family Deana is the shortest of the three sisters These shoes are the least expensive of all Of the three shirts, this one is the prettiest Sau cụm từ One of the + so sánh bậc + noun phải đảm bảo chắn noun phải số nhiều, động từ phải chia số One of the greatest tennis players in the world is Johnson Kuwait is one of the biggest oil producers in the world Các phó từ thường khơng có hậu tố -er –est Chúng chuyển sang dạng so sánh tương đối cách thêm more less; sang dạng so sánh tuyệt đối cách thêm most least phía trước chúng Sal drove more cautiously than Bob Joe dances more gracefully than his partner That child behaves most carelessly of all Một số tính từ phó từ mang tính tuyệt đối khơng dùng so sánh bậc nhất, hạn chế dùng so sánh kém, buộc phải dùng bỏ more, chúng gồm: unique/ extreme/ perfect/ supreme/ top/ absolute/prime/ primary His drawings are perfect than mine Các tính từ so sánh khơng theo quy tắc: Cấp so sánh Tính từ Cấp so sánh bậc Chú ý • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther farthest (về khoảng cách) - further furthest (về thời gian) near nearer nearest (về khoảng cách) - - next (về thứ tự) late later latest (về thời gian) - - last (về thứ tự) old older oldest (về tuổi tác) - elder eldest (về cấp bậc hơn) - Đối với số từ sau coi tính từ ngắn dài được, thường dùng tính từ dài: quiet, clever, narrow, shallow, simple, gentle, common, hollow, polite, handsome, wicked, pleasant, cruel, stupid, tired Ví dụ: This is the most quiet place in the region I felt more tired because of noise - So sánh nhấn mạnh thêm cách cộng "much/far/a lot" giảm nhẹ cách cộng thêm "a bit/a little/slightly" trước hình thức so sánh Ví dụ: A water melon is much sweeter than a a melon His car is far better than yours Henry’s watch is far more expensive than mine That movie we saw last night was much more interesting than the one on TV She dances much more artistically than her predecessor He speaks English much more rapidly than he does Spanish Let’s go by bus It’s much/a lot/far cheaper Don’t go by train It’s a lot more expensive This bag is slightly heavier than the other one Lan’s watch is far more expensive than mine - Có thể dùng cấu trúc sau với danh từ để so sánh: more of a, less of a, as much of a enough of a Ví dụ: He is more of a sportman than his brother It was as much of a success as I expected He’s less of a fool than I thought He’s enough of a man to tell the truth - Most dùng với nghĩa very khơng có the đứng trước khơng ngụ ý so sánh Ví dụ: He is most generous It is a most important problem Thank you for the money.It was most generous of you - Những tính từ sau thường khơng có dạng so sánh Những tính từ phó từ mang tính tuyệt đối khơng dùng so sánh bậc nhất, hạn chế dùng so sánh kém, buộc phải dùng bỏ more, số từ sau: + perfect - hoàn hảo + unique - + extreme - + supreme - tối cao + top - cao + absolute - tuyệt đối + prime - + primary - + matchless - khơng có đối thủ + full - đầy, no + empty - trống rỗng + square - vuông + round - tròn + circular - tròn, vòng quanh + trianglular - có ba cạnh + wooden - gỗ + yearly - năm + daily - ngày + monthly - hàng tháng ) Many & much - Many : nhieu (used with count Ns) : many Ss many books - Much : nhieu ( used with uncount Ns ) : much coffee Much sugar - In comparative, much & many change into more Eg : I have more exercises than he does He take more sugar than I 2) Little (it ) & alittle ( mot it , mot vai ) : used with uncount Ns Eg : - little sugar(it duong); little coffee (it cafe); a little Water(mot it nuoc); - In comparative, little & a little change into less : Eg : - There is less water in a lake than in a sea ( co it nuoc o ho hon bien ) - There is less coffee in my cup than in your cup ( Trong coc cua toi co it cafe hon coc cua ban) 3) Few(it) & a few (mot it , mot vai) : used with count.Ns in Plural : few Ss (it hs); a few houses (mot vai ngoi nha) - In comparative, few & a few change into fewer : + There are fewer cars in the countryside than in the city ( O co nhieu xe hon o mien que) + I have fewer friends than my brother ( Toi co it ban hon anh trai toi ) III/ PHÂN BIỆT CÁC THÌ Tenses present simple Present progressive Affirmation (KĐ) S + V(s-es) (be): am- is- are Negation (PĐ) S + don’t/ doesn’t +V1 S+ am not/ isn’t/ aren’t S + am/is/are + V-ing S+am/is/are(not)+V-ing Interrogation (NV) Do/Does + S+V1? Am/Is/Are + S+…? Am/ Is/Are +S+Ving? With Everyday, usually, after school, never, often, sometimes, always, Now, at the present, at the moment, at this time, Look! Listen, ! Be careful! Hurry up! * The differences between present simple and present progressive: Present simple Present progressive Hành động có tính bền vững, ln ln theo Hành động có tính tạm thời, khơng thường xun: thói quen, phong tục khả năng: (today, this week, this year ) - I work in New York - I’m working in New York for a few weeks Nhận thức, tình cảm, tình trạng xảy lúc nói: I know you are busy now Thời khố biểu, lịch trình chương trình: The train for Hanoi leaves at 7.30 tonight Chân lý hiển nhiên: - It rains a lot in HCM City - Water boils at 1000C • • • • • • • • Khơng dùng với hoạt động nhận thức, tình cảm, tình trạng, sở hữu, tồn tại: see, think, believe, feel, look smell, taste, hear, expect, assume Kế hoạch, xếp cho tương lai gần: - She is arriving at 11 o’clock Dùng kèm với ALWAYS diễn tả phàn nàn: He is always coming to class late * Các động từ thường không dùng dạng tiếp diễn Senses, Mental Emotions, Opinion (Ý Perception states desires (Cảm Measurement Others (Trường hợp kiến, quan (Cảm giác, (Trạng thái xúc, mong (Đo lường) khác) điểm) nhận thức) tinh thần) muốn) envy fear assume forget dislike believe imagine hate feel contain look = resemble consider know hope hear cost seem doubt mean like see hold be (in most cases) feel = think notice love smell measure have (when it means to find = consider recognise mind taste weigh possess) suppose remember prefer think understand regret want wish Lưu ý: - Các động từ giác quan, ví dụ: see, hear, feel, taste, smell thường dùng với "can" Vd: I can see - Các động từ feel, see, think, have dùng dạng tiếp diễn với nghĩa khác Ví dụ: This coat feels nice and warm (Your perception of the coat's qualities) John's feeling much better now (His health is improving) She has three dogs and a cat (Possession) She's having supper (She's eating) I can see Anthony in the garden (Perception) I'm seeing Anthony later (We are planning to meet) I wish I was in Greece now She wants to see him now I don't understand why he is shouting I feel we are making a mistake This glass holds half a liter I Summary (Tóm tắt): Tenses Affirmation (KĐ) Negation (PĐ) Interrogation (NV) With Intended Future S + am/ is/ are + going to +V1 S + am/ is/ are+ not + going to +V1 Am/ Is/ Are + S+ going Tomorrow, to +V1 ? tonight, soon, Future Simple S+ will + V1 S+ will not + V1 Will + S + V1? next, someday, in the future * The differences between intended future and future simple: Intended future Future simple Ý định dự trù, xếp trước Ý định nói hay hành động xảy tương nói: lai khơng phụ thuộc vào ý định: - Iam going to visit New York this summer - He will come here tomorrow Ý kiến, lời hứa, hy vọng, phát biểu hành Sự suy đoán chắn dựa vào động tương lai: (think, promise, hope, tại: expect ) - There are a lot of clouds I think it is going - Wait here and I will get you a drink to rain - I think you will pass the exam • • IV Present simple and Future simple mệnh đề điều kiện mệnh đề thời gian tương lai: - Mệnh đề thời gian: S +Will + V1+ When/ while/ after/ before/ as/until + S + V (Present simple) When/ while/ after/ before/ as/until + S + V (Present simple), S +Will + V1 When he comes tomorrow, we will welcome him - Mệnh đề điều kiện: S +Will + V1+ if + S + V (Present simple) If + S + V (Present simple),S +Will + V1 If she visits me next week, we will have dinner together STRUCTURES A Structures I V-bare S + used to/ would rather/ had better/can + V1 ) Examples He‘d rather stay at home than go out S + keep/ make/ let/ have + O + V1 (active) Tom has his father fix the ball for him Tom nhờ bố sửa trai bóng cho cậu S + see/ hear/ feel/ watch/notice + O + V1 I saw the girl sing a song Tôi thấy cô gái hát II To-V S+ V+ adj/ adv + enough + (for O) + to V Ai đủ làm / (Điều gì) đủ cho để làm S+ V+ too +adj / adv + (for O) + to V Ai làm / (Điều gì) cho để làm It takes/ took + O + time + to V Ai thời gian để làm a S / It (be) + adj + (of/ for O) + to V Thật để làm b It’s very kind/ nice/ polite/ good of+ O + to V Ai thật làm S+ know/ understand/ ask…+ O + WH_ + to V Ai biết /hiểu/ yêu cầu cách phải làm / điều phải làm / làm đâu/ thực Tom isn’t old enough to go to school Tom không đủ tuổi để học The test is too difficult for the pupils to finish in time Bài KTra khó HS để làm It has taken me hours to copy this document Tôi để chép xong tài liệu It’s interesting/ easy/ difficult/ easy for me to join Thật thú vị/d ễ/ khó tơi để tham gia It’s very kind/ nice/ polite/ good of you to say so Bạn thật tử tế/ tốt / lịch nói They explain us what to Họ giải thích cho chúng tơi điều phải làm 9.S+ ask/ tell/ beg/ advice/ request/ would like + O + to He told me to keep the news secret V Cậu u cầu tơi phải giữ tin bí mật Ai yêu cầu/ bảo/ cầu xin/ yêu cầu / thích làm 10.S+ ask/ want/ hope/ decide/ intend/ plan/ refuse + to V Ai yêu cầu/ muốn/ hy vọng/ định / dự định/ lập kế hoạch/ từ chối làm III V-ing 11 S+ enjoy/ mind/ spend/ practice/ avoid/ keep/ like/ suggest/ finish/ stop/ hate/ dislike/ + Ving Ai thích/ phiền/ trãi qua/ thực hành/ tránh/ giữ/ thích/ đề nghị/ hồn thành/ ghét/ khơng thích làm 12 S + be(get) used to/ look forward to/ be worth/ have difficulty/ waste time/ (be) no use/ busy + Ving Ai quen với việc/ mong chờ/ xứng đáng/ gặp khó khăn/ lãng phí thời gian / vơ ích/ bận việc làm He plans to attend this club Cậu có kế họch tham gia câu lạc I enjoy singing very much T thích hát nhiều He doesn’t mind opening the door Cậu không phiền mở cửa I am used to getting up early Tôi quen với việc thức dậy sớm My mother busy cooking in the kitchen Mẹ bận nấu ăn nhà bếp TÍNH TỪ -ING VÀ – ED Có nhiều tính từ tận -ing -ed Ví dụ boring bored Hãy xét tình sau; Jane has been doing the same job for a very long time Every day sshe does exactly the same thing again and again She doesn't enjoy it any more and would like to something different Jane làm công việc thời gian dài Mỗi ngày cô làm làm lại cơng việc Cơ khơng thích cơng việc muốn làm việc khác Jane’s job is boring Cơng việc Jane thật nhàm chán Jane is bored (with her job) Jane chán nản (với cơng việc mình) Ta nói bored có điều (hay đó) boring Hoặc có điều boring, làm cho bạn bored Vậy ta nói: Jane is bored because her job is boring Jane chán cơng việc nhàm chán Jane’s job is boring, so Jane is bored (khơng nói 'Jane is boring') Cơng việc Jane nhàm chán, Jane thấy chán nản Nếu người boring, có nghĩa người làm cho người khác bored: George always talks about the same thing He’s really boring George ln nói việc Cậu thật chán B Hãy so sánh tính từ có -ing -ed: Bạn nói: My job is boring My job is interesting My job is tiring My job is satisfying My job is depressing Các tính từ -ing nói với bạn cơng việc Bạn nói: I’m bored with my job Tơi cảm thấy chán công việc I’m not interested in my job any more Tơi khơng hứng với cơng việc I’m always tired when I finish work Tôi thấy mệt mỏi làm xong việc I’m not satisfied with my job Tôi không thỏa mãn với công việc My job makes me depressed Công việc tơi làm cho tơi nản lòng Các tính từ có -ed cho bạn biết người cảm thấy (về cơng việc) Hãy so sánh cặp thí dụ sau: Interesting/Interested Julia thinks politics is very interesting Julia cho trị thú vị Julia is very interested in politics Julia quan tâm đến trị Did you meet anyone interesting at the party? Anh có gặp người thú vị bữa tiệc không? Are you interested in buying a car? I’m trying to sell mine Anh có thích mua xe không? Tôi lo bán xe Surprising/Surprised It was quite surprising that he passed the examination Thật đáng ngạc nhiên anh thi đậu Everybody was surprised that he passed the examination Mọi người ngạc nhiên anh thi đậu Disappointing/Disappointing The film was disappointing I expected it to be much better Bộ phim thật thất vọng Tôi nghĩ hay nhiều I was disappointed with the film I expected it to be much better Tôi thất vọng phim Tơi nghĩ hay nhiều Shocking/Shocked The news was shocking Tin tức gây chấn động We were very shocked when we heard the news Chúng sốc nghe tin Give the correct form of these verbs: (Present simple and present progressive) The sun (set) …………in the West The earth (circle) ……………the Sun once every 365 days It usually (rain) ……………in the summer Rivers usually (flow) ………………to the sea They (often build) ………………… hotels, but this year they (build) ……………… hospitals Bees (make) …………………………honey They (get) …………………………on the scale now Don’t worry I (give) ……………………him your message when I (see) ……………………… him Look! Jane (play) the guitar this afternoon she (play) …………………… table tennis I (not talk) …………………………to her at present How often…………………………she (go) …………………………fishing? 10.She (go) …………………………once a year 11 your friends (be)…………………… students? - Yes, they (be) 12 the children (play)…………………………in the park at the moment? - No, they aren’t They (learn) to play the piano 13.………….you (go)………………………… to school on Sundays? – Yes, I 15.My mother (cook) ………………………a meal now She ( cook) ………………………everyday 16.What…………your mother (do)…………… at this time? - She (make) ………………a dress 17 she often (go)……………………… to the cinema every weekend? - I don’t know But she always (go) to the church on Sundays 18 Hurry up! The bus (come) …………………………… 19 The students (not be) …………………………in class at present 20 She always (wash) …………………………the dishes after meals 21 What your father usually (do) in the evenings ? 22.He usually (watch)TV He (not talk) to her at present 23.He (be) out at the moment but he (be) back at about seven o’clock 24.I can (see) the children They (play) in the yard Period TENSES III Give the correct form of these verbs: (Intended future and Future simple) I think she (win) …………………………the gold medal They (build) …………………………a house by June next year Don’t worry I (give) …………………………him your message when I see him I (meet) …………………………Jane next week What…………your mother (do) …………………next week? - She (make)…………………a dress The students (not go ) …………………………on a trip next week My mother is saving money because they ( buy) ……………………… a new house next year She is preparing her trip now She (visit) …………………… her friends tonight What …………you (do)………………… this Sunday? - I (visit) my grandparents 10 I think Liz and her parents (go) ………………………to Tri Nguyen Aquarium in Nha Trang V Give the correct form of these verbs: We’ll go out when the rain (stop) ………………………… Miss Helen (help) …………………… you if she (finish) …………………… that letter tomorrow I (come) ……………………… and (see) ……………………… you before I leave here I (wait) ……………………… he if you (come) ……………………… back tomorrow I (send) …………………… you some postcards as soon as I (arrive) …………………… in London I’ll wait until he (finish) ……………………… his novel I (give) ……………………… her your letter if I (see) ……………………… her tomorrow When you (go) ………………… into the office, Mr John (sit) …………………… at the front desk We (wait) ……………………… for you when you (get) ……………………… back tomorrow 10 If you (come) ……………………… today, I (work) ……………………… at my desk in Room 12 11 I (give) ……………………… her your letter when I (see) ……………………… her tomorrow As you (go) ………………… back home, your children (wait) ………………… at the front door Question III: Put the verbs into correct tense or form: Lan (not have) many new friends in her new school (come) from Vinh, but he (stay) with his relatives now We (not drive) to work every day We (go) by bus Who (talk0 on the phone, Nam They (often build) hotels, but this year they (build) hospitals Hurry up! The bus (come) My mother is saving money because they (buy) a new house next year We’ll go out when the rain (stop) Question IV: Correct the following sentences: How old Hoa will be on her next birthday? Would you like seeing a good movie tonight with me? Nhung’s birthday is in the third day next Friday Today is Thursday, the two ninth of March I don’t will have a party next November Hong doesn’t has a lot of friends in her new school What’s are your telephone number, Phuong? Mai will goes to Hai Phong tomorrow Who are you and your friends talk about? 10 Linh lives with her uncle in 37 Nguyen Trai Street 10 Question V: Fill in the blank with one suitable word: come / start / teach /have / meet / not work / finish / not like / fly / travel / camp / love / like Bruce Charles is an English teacher at a language school in Brighton- students (1) from all over the world to study there He (2) grammar and reading He usually (3) work at 9.00 and (4) at 3.30 He (5) his job because he (6) lots of people from many countries But he (7) at the moment He (8) round Peru with his friends They are spending five days walking in the Andes They (9) in beautiful places every night but Bruce (10) a problem he (11) walking, but he (12) sleeping in a tent They (13) back to England next week Question VI Circle the best option (A, B, C or D) to complete the sentences In the future, machines _ all the work for us A are doing B will C were doing D Every day Mr Tuan _ in the fields from am to pm A worked B work C is working D works When _ Vietnamese people celebrate the New Year? A will B are C D is Ba is in his room He _ the guitar now A was playing B played C is playing D will play Next month is Lien’s birthday She _ some of her friends to her birthday party A invite B invites C is going to invite D invited John Robinson is an English teacher He _ for an apartment in Ha Noi for his family now A looks B is looking C looked D will look “………………………… this week?” “No, she’s on holiday.” A Is Susan working B Does Susan work C Does work Susan D Has Susan worked I’m ……………………… with the result A please B pleasing C pleasant D pleased ……………………………… I carry that bag for you? Thanks A Do B Shall C Will D Would 10 Our new car is smaller, so it uses……………………… petrol A more B fewer C less D little 11 My birthday is …………………………………… February 2nd A in B on C at D since 12 A It isn’t enough funny for him to repeat B It isn’t funny enough for him repeating C.It isn’t funny enough to him to repeat D It isn’t funny enough for him to repeat Question VII Insert the correct form of the words in brackets: (2 ms) Ex: My mother is a of English (teach) My mother is a teacher of English She enjoyed the …………………………… atmosphere (peace) Hoa is the most……………………….……… girl in her class (beauty) Hanoi people were ……………………………………… (friend) Today the weather is fine and ……… ……………… (sun) He is a famous…………………… (act) He for his wrongdoings (apology) He plays soccer ………… ……….……… (beauty) This is the biggest…………… in the city (build) Bill Gates is a famous (busy) 10 Hoa has a fine ………… ……….……… of stamp (collect) Question VIII Rewrite the sentences in a way that is has similar meaning to the original sentences: My kitchen is smaller than yours Your kitchen…………….… …………………… The children liked to walk in the rain The children enjoyed ………………… ………………………… My grandmother is very old She can’t work now My grandmother is too ……… …………………………………… The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough The sea was so………………… …………………………………… Hung is taller than Ba Ba………………… ……………………………………………… We learned this after a long time It took……………………… …………………………………………………… Peter is too young to see the horror film Peter is not………… ………………………………………………………… What’s your date of birth? When………………………………………………………………………………………………? I Rewrite these sentences, keeping the original meaning: My house is bigger than your house →Your house is The black car is cheaper than the red car →The red car This film is more interesting than that one →That film is My kitchen is smaller than yours → Your kitchen My grandmother is older than every one in my family → My grandmother is the No one in my class is as tall as Tam → Tam is the I can’t cook as well as my mother → My mother can cook He does not play tennis as well as Jack → Jack can I did not spend as much money as you → You spent I don’t think this book is expensive as it is → This book is He is the tallest boy in his class → No one in This is the most interesting film of all → No other films are No cars in the world are more expensive than Japanese ones Japanese cars This exercise is easier than that one → That exercise is not He drives more carefully than Jack does → Jack No one in the group plays better than he → He can No hotel in the city is as comfortable as this → This hotel is the Other oceans in the world aren’t as large as the Pacific one → The Pacific Ocean is B Choose and underline the best answers: He is not (enough old to/ old enough to/ enough old for/ old enough for) get married Would you like (to leave/ leave/ leaving/ left) a message? I used to (watch - watching - watches – watched) that film when I was ten The weather is warm enough for us (going out- to go out- go out- goes out) They always help their mother (do –to - doing – done) the house work You should (wash – to wash – washing – washed) your hands before meals Would you like (saw – to see – seeing – see) a movie? What about (have – to have – having – had) fruits? You ought (wash – to wash – washing – washed) your hands before meals 10 The test is too difficult for the pupils (finishing- finish – finished- to finish) in time 11 It has taken me hours (to copy- copy – copying- copied) this document 12 It’s interesting/ possible/ difficult/ easy for us (to join – joins – join – joining) 13 It’s very kind/ nice/ polite/ good of you (to say- say – saying – said) so 14 She is said (to have – has – having – have) a computer 15 They explain us how (to get – get- getting – got) to the market 16 He told me (to keep – keep – kept – keeping) the news secret 17 I enjoy (singing –sing – sang – to sing) very much 18 I am used to (getting – get – to get – got) up early 19 Would/Do you mind (open – to open – opening – opened) the door? 20 After (come – came – to come – coming) home, tom reads the morning newspaper 21 He‘d rather (stay - to stay – staying – stayed) at home than go out 22 I look forward to (see – seeing – saw – seen) your reply 23 We go to school in order (to prepare – prepared – preparing – prepare) our future 24 He refused (go/ to go/ going/goes) to the dentist 25 We suggest (go – going – to go – went) on a picnic 26 The sad movie made me (cry – to cry – crying – cried) 27 We decided ( to stay – stay – staying – stayed ) at home because of the heavy rain C Complete the form of the verbs in parentheses: They want (buy) some meat You must (wash) your hands before meals I am used to (stay) up late It takes him hours (finish) this exercise The test is too difficult for the pupils (finish) in time He asked me (go) with him They let him (play) here 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 It’s no use (tell) him (tell) the truth You had better (be) there on time The man shows us how (get) to the railway station I used to (visit) Nha Trang Mai is busy (cook) in the kitchen It’s very kind of you (help) .me This film is interesting enough for me (see) it again Mai isn’t old enough (see) horror films Exercise ( week ) Do Ex 1: Complete the sen with the q words : What; What time; Where; When; How; Who; How many, how much What you ? – I’m a student is she going ? She is going to the market are you talking to ? I’m talking to my friend Thanh does Nam have math ? – He has math at 8.40 they have E ? – They have it on Mon & Fri ………….is he doing at present ? – He is reading a magazine ………….classes you have today ? – We have classes are you going to school ? – I’m going to school by school bus …………………………… seasons are there in the year ? There are seasons 10 ……………………………….do the books cost ? they cost 50 pounds Ex : Arrange the Ns into two groups : count & unc Ns English , egg, orange , milk, vacation, hour, homework Soup, music, vegetable, rice, letter, orange juice, fruit, month, flower, money, people - Count Ns : ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………… - Unc Ns : ……………………………………………… ………………………………………………… Ex : Fill in the gaps with a few or a little : Eg : We only have a few flowers There is a little milk in the refrigerator She ask us ………… qs I can speak ……… French ……… People go to the meeting There are only ……… books on the shelf My father is eatring ……… chicken soup They will have……… milk for breakfast There are ……… letters in my letter-box He has… money & he will buy … vegetables Ex4- Cho dang SS thich hop cua Adj ngoac: Mr Tan works ……hours than my father ( many ) Summer vacation is the …… Vacation ( long ) Vnese Ss have …… vacations than American Ss (few) He drinks ………… wine than Mr Hai ( little) This woman has ……… Money than all of her daughters ( much) Great Wet Horrible Party Stove Stove Sunny When Modern Find Beautiful Better Hour Lovely Moment Transport Under Who Awful Miss Teacher Rest House Sky Sometimes Sometimes Student Where Order Live Means Pretty Here Empty Close Lovely Lunch Why Favourite Think Talked Visited Rented Fitted Help Friend Send Fever Stamp Sew Opposite Bookstore Milk Library Dinner Polish Pork Go Nose Cold Started Needed Protected Stopped Improve Covered Gloves Stomach Durian Cucumber Painful Duty Sure Scales Serious Stir Presents Symptoms Chopsticks Patients Early Beat Realize Reader Holiday Lazy Take Vacation Set Between Get Met Ground Should About Amount Mate Shake Hate Hand Allow All Fall Hall Summer Future Number Drummer Living Line Rice Fine Sit Bit Tie Hit Peace Meat Instead Leader Cow Show Borrow Slow Worked Stopped Forced Sailed Climb Able Brave Suburb Weak Wealthy Peanut Measles Cooked Brushed Danced Needed Cousin Catch Circus culture a looked b stopped c coughed d moved a sea b swre c sand d sun a warm b care c share d prepare a window b mind c find d tiely A teenager B together C guess D regular A chicken B coach C orchestra D change A meat B reader C overseas D realize A horrible B hour C hundred D hold A much B drug C future D buffalo A started B weighed C measured D called A appointment B affect C amount D add A serious B symptom C sugar D sauce A great B beautiful C teacher D means A wet B better C rest D pretty A review B sew C renew D few A.prove B remove C improve D stove A hurry B durian C during D duty A daily B maize C dairy D laid A character B chemistry C scholar D chapter ... perfect - hoàn hảo + unique - + extreme - + supreme - tối cao + top - cao + absolute - tuyệt đối + prime - + primary - + matchless - khơng có đối thủ + full - đầy, no + empty - trống rỗng + square -. .. square - vuông + round - tròn + circular - tròn, vòng quanh + trianglular - có ba cạnh + wooden - gỗ + yearly - năm + daily - ngày + monthly - hàng tháng ) Many & much - Many : nhieu (used with... Toi co it ban hon anh trai toi ) III/ PHÂN BIỆT CÁC THÌ Tenses present simple Present progressive Affirmation (KĐ) S + V(s-es) (be): am- is- are Negation (PĐ) S + don’t/ doesn’t +V1 S+ am not/