Đỗ Minh Quân 1.cell structure

UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY OF HCM Specific English Topic CELLS STRUCTURE Instructors 04.4.2016 PGS.TS Lê Quốc Tuấn MEMBERS OF GROUP MEMBERS OF GROUP      Lâm Ngọc Thu Thảo Đỗ Minh Quân Lê Hoàng Vũ 14163243 14163216 14163322 Võ Thi Mỹ Tiên 14163012 Võ Thị Thùy Dương 14163063 CELL CONCEPT Cells are the smallest living unit of an organism They have many sizes and shapes which relate to their function PROKARYOTIC CELL The first category is Prokaryotic cells aka cells without membrane bound structures  Those can be found in bacteria and pond scum EUKARYOTIC CELL  Those can be found in animals, plants, fungi and protists EUKARYOTIC CELLS WITH PROKARYOTIC CELL The distinction between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is considered to be the most important distinction among groups of organisms Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus, while prokaryotic cells not Differences in cellular structure of prokaryotes and eukaryotes include the presence of mitochondria and chloroplasts, the cell wall, and the structure of chromosomal DNA Prokaryotes were the only form of life on Earth for millions of years until more complicated eukaryotic cells came into being through the process of evolution CELL WALL  All cells are bound by cell membrane but with plants, fungi, algae and most bacteria they also have cell wall  The cell wall is made of cellulose, this material help the cell wall for protecting the cell and giving shape For cells with cell walls the membrane is inside the cell wall CELL MEMBRANE  The cell membrane is the protective layer for all cells  It separates the inside of the cells from the environment It also transforms food, oxygen and water into the cell as well as transforms waste product out of the cell CYTOPLASM  The gelatin-like between the Cell membrane and nuclear is called Cytoplasm aka Protoplasm This part of the cell provides the environment for organelle where they can work and active CYTOSKELETON In fact this part of the cell is as important as organelle Beside the eukaryotic cells can maintain and change their shape by scaffolding-like structure call Cytoskeleton The Cytoskeleton includes Microfilaments which are made of protein, and Microtubules, which are thin, hollow tubes NUCLEUS In center of the cell which is one of the most important organelle is called nucleus The nucleus contains DNA, or genetic material DNA dictates what the cell is going to do, and it’s going to it NUCLEAR MEMBRANE The layer around the nucleus is Nuclear Membrane which is separate the nucleus from Cytoplasm It also decides what is go in and what is go out to the nucleus The Nucleus also contains a nucleolus, which a structure where ribosomes are made Finally the material that contains genetic code is called Chromatin Made of DNA and Protein the Chromatin will shrink when the cell is ready to divide ...MEMBERS OF GROUP MEMBERS OF GROUP      Lâm Ngọc Thu Thảo Đỗ Minh Quân Lê Hoàng Vũ 14163243 14163216 14163322 Võ Thi Mỹ Tiên 14163012 Võ Thị Thùy Dương 14163063... prokaryotic cells not Differences in cellular structure of prokaryotes and eukaryotes include the presence of mitochondria and chloroplasts, the cell wall, and the structure of chromosomal DNA Prokaryotes... function PROKARYOTIC CELL The first category is Prokaryotic cells aka cells without membrane bound structures  Those can be found in bacteria and pond scum EUKARYOTIC CELL  Those can be found