The Geography of North America, 2e (Hardwick) Chapter North America's Environmental Setting 1) The study of the environmental characteristics of Earth is called what? A) Human geography B) Physical geography C) Earth studies D) Environmental geography Answer: B Diff: Chapter Section: Introduction Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface 2) Which major physical feature in North America was created by down-cutting? A) The Appalachian mountains B) The Erie Canal C) The Great Lakes D) The Grand Canyon Answer: D Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface 3) Which major physical feature in North America did glaciers create? A) The Rocky mountains B) The Erie Canal C) The Great Lakes D) The Grand Canyon Answer: C Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc 4) The first mountain chain that slowed the western movement of early American settlers was A) The Rocky Mountains B) The Appalachian Mountains C) The Ozark Mountains D) The Sierras Answer: B Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Application - Relate GeoStandard1: How to use mental maps to organize information about people, places, and environments GeoStandard2: 15 How physical systems affect human systems 5) The Fall Line is an imaginary line formed by points A) Along eastern rivers that was the limit of accessibility for ocean going ships B) At which draft animals of settlers moving west would drop from exhaustion C) Along eastern rivers where there were waterfalls D) All of the above E) Both A and C Answer: E Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: 15 How physical systems affect human systems GeoStandard2: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface 6) Mount Mitchell, the highest mountain in the Appalachians is the highest peaks in the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Nevada A) Much higher than B) Much lower than C) About the same elevation as D) Almost as high as Answer: B Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Application - Compare GeoStandard1: The physical and human characteristics of places GeoStandard2: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc 7) The Erie Canal was constructed to provide water route between the Atlantic Coast and what? A) The Great Lakes B) The Mississippi River C) The Ohio River D) Lake Powell Answer: A Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: 14 How human actions modify the physical environment GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 8) Most of North America is located on which tectonic plate? A) The Juan de Fuca Plate B) The Pacific Plate C) The Atlantic Plate D) The North American Plate Answer: D Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 9) The San Andreas Fault is located in which part of North America? A) The southeast B) The northwest C) The Great Plains D) California Answer: D Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 10) Another name for the process of mountain building is what? A) Orogeny B) Elevation formation C) Eolian activity D) Down cutting Answer: A Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc 11) Explosive eruptions of pyroclastic debris and gases are associated with which type of volcanoes? A) Shield volcanoes B) Composite cone volcanoes C) Bulging volcanoes D) Concave volcanoes Answer: B Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface 12) The lava of a shield volcano A) Has a low viscosity and so flows across the landscape B) Erupts explosively, spreading ash and debris through the atmosphere C) Is the hottest form of lava because it comes from deeper within the earth D) Tends to contain a large amount of gas bubbles Answer: A Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface 13) During the maximum extent of glaciation in North America, continental glaciers extended how far south? A) Ohio B) Tennessee C) Oklahoma D) Florida Answer: A Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Locate GeoStandard1: How to use mental maps to organize information about people, places, and environments GeoStandard2: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc 14) Sinkholes are associated with which type of landscape? A) Glacial B) Karst C) Volcanic D) Fluvial Answer: B Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 15) When depositional forces are dominant on a coastline, those forces produce which of the following features? A) Rugged, narrow beaches B) Sea cliffs C) Broad beaches D) Sea stacks (isolated columns of rocks) Answer: C Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface 16) The Mississippi-Missouri river basin flows into the A) South-east, Atlantic Ocean B) North, Hudson Bay C) South, Gulf of Mexico D) South-west, Pacific Ocean Answer: C Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Locate GeoStandard1: How to use mental maps to organize information about people, places, and environments GeoStandard2: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc 17) The Great Lakes-St Lawrence system flows into the A) South-east, Atlantic Ocean B) North, Hudson Bay C) North-east, North Atlantic D) South, Gulf of Mexico Answer: C Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Locate GeoStandard1: How to use mental maps to organize information about people, places, and environments GeoStandard2: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface 18) The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain physiographic province has which of the following characteristics? A) Many fertile swamps and marshes B) Low, rolling hills C) Folding, uplift, and faulting D) Small mountain ranges and flat valleys Answer: A Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 19) The Intermontane physiographic province has which of the following characteristics? A) Low, rolling hills B) Many fertile swamps and marshes C) Steep canyons, mesas and buttes D) Widespread volcanism and tectonic uplift Answer: C Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc 20) The Canadian Shield covers about how much of the area of Canada? A) 10% B) 30% C) 50% D) 80% Answer: C Diff: Chapter Section: Landforms, Hydrology, Soils Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 21) Which variable influences that amount of solar radiation of a place, and the length of day in that place? A) Latitude B) Longitude C) Angle D) Time Answer: A Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Select GeoStandard1: The physical and human characteristics of places GeoStandard2: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface 22) If the same amount of sunlight was hitting an area of land and an area of water, which area would heat more rapidly? A) The land would heat more rapidly B) The water would heat more rapidly C) They would both heat at about the same rate D) It would depend on the characteristics of the water and land Answer: A Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis - Compare GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc 23) Differences in atmospheric pressure are measured using what? A) A thermometer B) A barometer C) A pressure gradient D) A compression meter Answer: B Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth's surface 24) On average, temperatures decline about 2.5 degrees Fahrenheit for every 1000 ft rise in elevation What is this temperature decline called? A) Altitudinal decline B) Nominal rate of decline C) Normal lapse rate D) Vertical thermic lapse Answer: C Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The physical and human characteristics of places GeoStandard2: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface 25) Orographic precipitation is caused by what? A) Moist air cooling as it is forced to higher elevations B) Dry air warming as it is forced to higher elevations C) Moist air warming as it is forced to lower elevations D) Dry air cooling as it is forced to lower elevations Answer: A Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc 26) Areas with dry climates on the leeward (downwind) side of mountain ranges are said to be located in the what? A) High deserts B) Rain shadow C) Nonprecipitous zones D) Arroyos Answer: B Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The physical and human characteristics of places GeoStandard2: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface 27) The Chinook winds in the Rocky Mountains and the Santa Ana winds in Southern California are both examples of winds caused by changes in what? A) Topography B) Climate C) Weather D) Water temperatures Answer: A Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 28) In general, warmer air masses can hold moisture than colder air masses A) More B) Less C) About the same D) Actually there isn't a stable relationship between temperature and moisture in the air Answer: A Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc 29) Looking at the maps (Figure 2.12), what part of North America receives the highest levels of precipitation during the summer? A) The Pacific Northwest B) The Gulf Coast C) New England D) The Great Plains Answer: B Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Locate GeoStandard1: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface 30) Looking at the map (Figure 2.13), during what time of the year does Toronto, Ontario have the most precipitation? A) During the summer B) During the winter C) During the spring and fall D) Actually the precipitation is even all year round Answer: D Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Locate GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface 31) The process of orographic uplift cools air as it rises over mountain ranges, the opposite process, in which air warms as it descends in elevation, is called what? A) Adiabatic heating B) Prothermic depression C) Cyclic winds D) Depressive heating Answer: A Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 10 Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc 32) How are people living near the Great Lakes impacted by the weather changes related to presence of a large body of water? A) Temperatures are unaffected by the presence of the lakes, and precipitation is increased B) Temperatures are unaffected by the presence of the lakes, and precipitation is decreased C) Temperatures are moderated by the presence of the lakes, but precipitation is increased D) Temperatures are moderated by the presence of the lakes, but precipitation is decreased Answer: C Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 33) Parts of the Subarctic climate zone are characterized , in which soils that are totally or partial frozen all year A) Permafrost B) Subthermic C) Glacial D) Arctic Answer: A Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The physical and human characteristics of places GeoStandard2: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface 34) What type of natural vegetation covers most of Canada? A) Grassland B) Tundra C) Needleleaf evergreen forest D) Mixed broadleaf deciduous and needleleaf evergreen forest Answer: C Diff: Chapter Section: Biogeography and Ecology Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 11 Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc 35) The tundra biome is found in areas with what type of climate? A) Mediterranean B) Polar C) Tropical D) Marine Answer: B Diff: Chapter Section: Biogeography and Ecology Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Select GeoStandard1: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface 36) Places that are closer to the equator receive solar radiation that places near the poles Answer: more Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Select GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 37) Places near the ocean tend to have temperature variation than places farther inland Answer: less Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Memorize GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 38) Wind is caused by the movement of air from an area of pressure to an area of pressure Answer: high, low Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Memorize GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface 12 Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc 39) A front is an area of contact between two different air masses where warmer, moister air is force to rise above cooler air, causing Answer: cold temperatures, gusty winds, and clouds Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Paraphrase GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface 40) When the temperatures in a city are generally higher than those in the surrounding landscape it is called Answer: an urban heat island Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Name GeoStandard1: The physical and human characteristics of places GeoStandard2: 14 How human actions modify the physical environment 41) Air masses that originate over land are generally in comparison to are masses that originate over oceans or large lakes Answer: dry, moist Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Memorize GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 42) After a fire, chaparral vegetation Answer: resprouts quickly because of deep root systems Diff: Chapter Section: Biogeography and Ecology Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Paraphrase GeoStandard1: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 43) GIS stands for Answer: Geographic Information Systems Diff: Chapter Section: Biogeography and Ecology Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Name GeoStandard1: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth's surface GeoStandard2: How to use maps and other geographic representations, tools, and technologies to acquire, process, and report information 13 Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc 44) An area that shares a common drainage system is called a Answer: watershed Diff: Chapter Section: Biogeography and Ecology Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge - Name GeoStandard1: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface GeoStandard2: That people create regions to interpret Earth's complexity 45) Temperate grasslands are one of the most highly modified biomes in North America because Answer: these areas have high soil fertility and are heavily used for agriculture Diff: Chapter Section: Biogeography and Ecology Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Paraphrase GeoStandard1: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface GeoStandard2: 14 How human actions modify the physical environment 46) Why is it important to understand the physical geography when studying the human geography of a region? Be sure to include at least two examples in your answer Diff: Chapter Section: Introduction Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Explain GeoStandard1: 10 The characteristics, distributions, and complexity of Earth's cultural mosaics GeoStandard2: 11 The patterns and networks of economic interdependence on Earth's surface 47) Compare and contrast weather to climate What is the difference between the two and how are they connected? What are the basic components or characteristics that scientists use to measure them? Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis - Compare GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on Earth's surface 48) Describe some of the observed and potential impacts of global climate change on North America Are certain parts of the region more heavily impacted? If so, why? Diff: Chapter Section: Weather and Climate Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension - Describe GeoStandard1: 14 How human actions modify the physical environment GeoStandard2: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface 14 Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc 49) What are some different characteristics that geographers use to describe the physical environment? Pick two different characteristics and describe how they relate to each other Diff: Chapter Section: Introduction Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis - Relate GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 50) Compare a Mediterranean climate to a West Coast Marine climate Where are these climate zones located? How are they similar or different? Diff: Chapter Section: North American Climate Zones Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis - Relate GeoStandard1: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 15 Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc ... shape the patterns of Earth's surface GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 9) The San Andreas Fault is located in which part of North America? A) The southeast B) The northwest... modify the physical environment GeoStandard2: The physical and human characteristics of places 8) Most of North America is located on which tectonic plate? A) The Juan de Fuca Plate B) The Pacific...4) The first mountain chain that slowed the western movement of early American settlers was A) The Rocky Mountains B) The Appalachian Mountains C) The Ozark Mountains D) The Sierras