Tài liệu bao gồm lý thuyết và các dạng bài tập ứng dụng theo từng chủ điểm ngữ pháp giúp học sinh thực hành và củng cố tiếng anh.Ngoài ra tài liệu còn được dùng để làm nguồn tài liệu ôn thi trung học phổ thông.
Trang 1CHUYÊN Đ NG PHÁP ÔN THI 10 Ề Ữ
Trang 2PHẦN A : CÁC CHUYÊN ĐỀ NGỮ PHÁP
Chapter 1: tenses in english
A.The simple present tense: ( Thì hiện tại đơn )
I The form: (Cấu trúc)
(+) S+ V(s, es)
(-) S + don’t/doesn’t + V(inf)
(?) Do/Does + S + V(inf) ?
II The usage: ( Cách sử dụng)
- Được dùng để diễn tả hành động sự việc được lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần, thói quen hoặc sở thích
Ex: She never comes late
- Được dùng để diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên
Ex: The earth moves around the Sun
- Để diễn tả thời gian biểu, kế hoạch, dự đoán,……
Ex: The train leaves at 9.00
III Notes: (Chú ý)
* Dấu hiệu nhận biết :
- always/ usually/ often/ sometimes/ occasionally/ seldom…
-Everyday/ week/ month….,once aweek, twice a year…
* Cách thêm ‘s, es’
- Thêm ‘es’ vào sau các động từ kết thúc tận cùng: o, ch, sh, s, x
- Thêm ‘s’ vào sau các động từ còn lại
**Exercise: Dùng động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Simple Present
1 Water ( boil )……… at 100 0 C
2 Nam usually ( get )……… up at 6.00 ?
3 What you often ( have ) ……….for lunch ?
4 She’ very clever She ( speak ) ……….4 languages
5 Steve ( smoke )……… ten cigarettes a day
6 An insect ( have )……… six legs
7 She often ( visit )……… you at weekend ?
8 Mary ( wash )……… her teeth twice a day
9 You often ( watch )……… film in the evening ?
10 Mary ( swim ) ……… very well ?
11 She ( not/like ) ……….watching T.V
12 She ( get ) ……….at 6 o’clock, and ( go )………… to school at 7 o’clock
13 He ( not/ usually/ drive ) ……… to work He usually ( walk )………
14 Kangaroo ( see ) ……… everywhere in Australia
Trang 315 My father ( drink )……… coffee every morning.
16 At Christmas, people often ( decorate ) ………a tree
17 It ( not rain )……… in the dry season
18 Nam often ( visit ) ………you on Sunday ?- No He (visit ) ………me on Saturday
19 What time she ( finish ) ………work everyday ?- She ( finish )…… it at 16.00
20 My mother ( take )……… Jim to the dentist many times
21 My little sister ( drink )……… milk everyday
22 Long ( like )………… tennis ? - No He ( like ) …………badminton
23 The Earth ( move )……… around the Sun
24 The Sun ( rise )……… in the East and ( set )………… in the West
25 What you often ( do )……… in your free time?
B The present progressive tense: ( Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn )
I The form
(+) S+ am/is/are + Ving
(-) S + am/is/are + not + Ving
(?) Am/is/are + S + Ving?
II The usage:
a/ Được sử dụng để diễn tả hành động hoặc sự việc đang xảy ra tại thời điểm nói They are watching TV at the moment
b/ Hành động,sự việc sẽ diễn ra trong tương lai có sự sắp đặt trước
I am writing a novel now
III Notes: (Chú ý )
*Dấu hiệu nhận biết
- now/ at present/ at this time/ at the moment/right now / !
* Các động từ kết thúc tận cùng là: ‘e’ ta phải bỏ ‘e’ trước khi thêm ING
* Một số động từ thường hay không sử dụng ở dạng hiện tại tiếp diễn: be/ see/ hear/ understand/ know/ like/ want/ glance/ feel/ think/ smell/ love/ hate/ realize/ seem/ remember/ forget/………( Nếu như thế ta thay thể bằng thì hiện tại thường )
***Exercise: Dùng động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Present Progressive
1 She’s tired She ( want ) ……….to go home now
Trang 42 Tom ( plant ) ……… the trees in the garden at the moment ?
3 What you ( do ) ……….now ?
4 Listen ! someone ( knock )……… on the front door
5 He ( write )……… a novel at present
6 They ( watch ) …………T.V at present ?- No They ( listen ) to the radio
7 He and I ( play ) ……….soccer at the moment
8 Tom and I ( be )……… busy at the moment
9 They ( see ) ……… a movie at the moment
10 We ( want ) ……… to go to school at the moment
C The simple future tense:
I The form:
(+) S + will + V
(-) S + will not (won’t) + V
(?) Will + S + V ?
II The usage: (Cách sử dụng)
- Để diễn tả hành động sự việc sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai
Ex: She will visit me next week
III Notes: (Chú ý)
*Dấu hiệu: tomorrow, next week/ month/ year/……
**Exercise: Dùng động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Simple Future
1 I ( go )……… to the zoo tomorrow
2 They ( publish )……… a book next year
3 Where you ( spend ) ……….your holiday next year?
4 I am 13 years old Next year I (be)……… 14
5 You (not / go) ……… to the movies next Sunday
6 It ( take ) ………Lan 5 minutes to go to school next year
7 Mrs Lan ( take ) ……….Minh to the dentist next times
8 He and I ( play )……… soccer tomorrow morning
10 They ( meet )……… their friends next Christmas?
11 I (be)……… twenty years old next June
12 There ( be )……… sunny next Sunday
13 You ( do ) ……….the exercises tomorrow evening?
Trang 5-Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ và đã chấm rứt không còn liên hệ tới hiện tại
Ex: I called him last night
III-Dấu hiệu
Trong câu thường xuất hiện các trạnh từ sau thi câu đó phải chia ở thì quá khứ đơn
giản : yesterday, ago, last …, when I was young , when + s + was/were (a)
child/children ….
E past progressive:
I-form
( + ) S + was/ were + Ving + O
( - ) S + + was/ were + not + Ving + O
( ? ) was/ were + S + Ving+ O ?
II-uses
1.Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn diễn tả một hành động đang xẩy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ
Ex: I was watching Tv at 8 last night
2.Diễn tả một hành động đang xẩy ra thì có một hành động khác xen vào, hành động xen vào đó được chia ở thì quá khứ đơn giản Trong câu thường có when hoặc while
Ex: when I was having dinner, he came
3.Diễn tả 2 hành động cùng song song xẩy ra
Ex: while I was watching Tv, my father was reading book
**Exercise
I.choose the best answer
1.I (met/was meeting) a friend while I (did/was doing)the shopping
2.I (turned/was turning) round and (saw/was seeing) Paula
3.She (wore/was wearing) a bright red coat when I saw her
4.I (paid/was paying) for my things when I (heard/was hearing) call my name.5.We(left/was leaving) the cafe and (said/was saying) goodbye
6.this time last month we (took/were taking) the final test
7.While we (had/were having) a drink, a waiter (dropped/was dropping) a pile of plates
8.When I (came/was coming), he (read/was reading) books
II correct form of the verbs
1.the doorbell (ring)………while Tom (watch)……… T.V
2.How fast you(drive)………when the accident (happen)………
3.Ann and Susan (make)……… dinn er when Martin (arrive)
……… home
Trang 64.The light (go)………out when we (have)………….dinner, but it (come)
…………on again after about ten minutes
5.It suddenly (begin)………to rain while Laura (sit)………in the garden
6.What you(do)……… this time yesterday?
- I (work)……….on the computer
7.It (be)……….cold when we (leave)……… the house that day, and a slight snow (fall)………
8.When I last (see)……….them they (try)……….to find a new house near their work
9.I (walk)……… along the street when I suddenly(feel)………something hit
me in the back I (not/know)……… what it was
10.When we (drive)……….down the hill, a strange object (appear)
………….in the sky
11.What (you/do)……….this time yesterday?I was asleep
12.When we came, he (read)……… books
13.I (see)………Sue in town yesterday but she (not see)me.she (look)the other way
14.I(meet)………… Tom and Ann at the airport a few week ago.They (go)
……… to Berlin and I (go)………to Madrid We (have)………
a chat while we(wait)……….for our flight
15.I (cycle)………… home yesterday when suddenly a man (step)………….out into the road in front of me.I (go)………… quite fast but luckly I (manage)
………… to stop in time and (not/hit)……… him
16.Jane (wait)……… for me when I (arrive)………
17(you/ go) ……… out last night ?No, I was too tired
18.John (take)………a photograph of me while I (not/look)……… 19.I haven’t seen Alan for ages When I last (see)………… him , he(try)
……….to find a job in London
20.I (walk)………… along the street when suddenly I (hear)………footsteps behind me Somebody (follow)………me I was frighted and I (start)
……….to run
F present perfect (hiện tại hoàn thành)
I-form
( + ) S + Have / Has + V(ed/3) + O
( - ) S + Have / Has + not + V(ed/3) + O
( ? ) Have/Has + S + V(ed/3) + O ?
II-uses
1 Diễn đạt một hành động xảy ra ở một thời điểm không xác định trong quá khứ
Trang 7-Không có thời gian xác định.
John has traveled around the world
Have you receive any letter from your parents yet?
– Hoặc đi với các từ: just, recently, already, yet,…
– Hành động lặp lại nhiều lần cho đến thời điểm hiện tại
I have read the novel written by Jack London several times
– Sau cấu trúc so sánh hơn nhất ta dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành
It is the most romantic story I have ever read
– Sau cấu trúc: This/It is the first/second… times, phải dùng thì hiện tại hoàn
thành
It’s the first time I have seen this film
2 Diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu diễn ra trong quá khứ và vẫn còn ở hiện tại
– Có các từ chỉ thời gian đi cùng như: since, for, ever, never, up to now, so far,…
We have lived in that house for 10 years (Chúng tôi đã sống ở đây 10 năm) =We have lived in that house since 2005 (Chúng tôi sống ở đây từ năm 2005)3.Các từ đi với thì hiện tại hoàn thành
Since + thời điểm trong quá khứ: since 1982, since Junuary….: kể từ khi
For + khoảng thời gian: for three days, for ten minutes, ….: trong vòng
I’ve worked here for six years
We have lived in this town since 1998
Already: đã (Dùng trong câu khẳng định hay câu hỏi, ALREADY có thể đứng
ngay sau have và cũng có thể đứng cuối câu)
I have already seen this movie = I have seen this movie already
Have you typed my letter already?
Yet: chưa (Dùng trong câu phủ định hoặc nghi vấn YET thường đứng cuối câu).
I’m sorry, Mrs Johnson hasn’t arrive yet
= I’m sorry, Mrs Johnson hasn’t arrive
Have you read this article yet?
= Have you read this article?
Just: vừa mới (Dùng để chỉ một hành động vừa mới xảy ra).
I have just finished reading the newspaper
We have just received the goods ordered
Recently, Lately: gần đây
He has recently arrived from New York
So far: cho đến bây giờ
George has worked at the university so far
Up to now, up to the present, up to this moment, until now, until this time: đến tận bây giờ.
She hasn’t come up to now
Ever: đã từng bao giờ chưa (EVER chỉ dùng trong câu nghi vấn)
Trang 8Have you ever been to the United States?
Never… before: chưa bao giờ
My sisters have never seen a kangaroo
In/Over/During/For + the + past/last + time: trong thời gian qua
It has rained in the past week
He hasn’t talked to me over the last 3 days
Complete the sentences using SINCE or FOR
1 Linda has been the manage of Timeways travel in London _three years
2 I’ve lived in Rome _I was two
3 Mr.Woods hasn’t been feeling well over a month
4 Sally and her boyfriend Peter have been going out together last winter
5 I’ve been waiting a few minutes
6 He’s been in Japan 1986
7 I haven’t seen you christmas
8 It hasn’t rained here _ more than a month
9 we haven’t bought a new shoes ages
10 We’ve been here january
11 It has been raining lunch time
12 My boss has gone away ten days
13 I haved lived in England a year
14 She has lived in London 1985
15 Please hurry up We have been waiting an hour
16 I have known her January
17 Nam’s father has worked in this company 20 years
18 Have you learned English a long time?
19 I haven’t seen Tom Monday
20 This house is very dirty Wer haven’t cleaned it ages
Put the verb in the correct tense and insert SINCE or FOR
21 the last two years, clothes (be) very dear
22 Coal (become) dearer _ the end of last year
23 I (write) ten letters _ breakfast
24 “You (see) my friends lately?” “not _3 days”
25 I (not see) him more than a week
26 “ How long you(wait)?” _ half an hour”
27 That boy (not wash) his face _ some time
28 I (not have) a good night’s sleep last week
29 She (practice) the piano _ 6.00
30 Henry (not have) a holiday the year before last
Put the verbs into the present perfect tense
31 I (live)……… here since 1970
Trang 932 He (study) ………English for three years
33 They (come) ……….here many times
34 He (already read)……… these books
35 She (just visit)……… us
36 I (ever see)……… this cartoon
37 You (ever talk) ……… to her?
38 He(have) ……….lunch yet?
39 We (not see)……… her parents yet
40 His sister (work) ……… for this company since 1995
41 They (build)……… those building recently
42 I (not be) ……….successful so far
43 Up to now he (win) ……… the prize
44 It’s the second time he (visit)……… the USA
45 I (not live)……… here since he (be)……… a child
46 This is the nicest restaurant I (ever see)………
47 The doctor (be)……… here since 8 o’clock
48 It (rain) ………yesterday after it (be)……… dry for many month
49 We (already choose)……… the new person for the job
50 You (pay) ………the taxi-driver yet?
Choose the best answer
1.We’ve been here last week
2.They haven’t seen each other a long time
A since B for C with D about3.My mother in this hospital for 9 years
A have worked B worked C has worked D works4 you had breakfast since 6.00 a m ?
5.I have her for some years
A know B known C knew D knowing6 have you lived here?
A When B How long C What time D What7.I my book I can’t find it anywhere
A.lost B.have lost C.has lost D lose
8.For a long time, the ¸Ao dai the subject of poems,novels,and songs.A.were B.was C.have been D.has been
9.I don’t know Minh.I met him
A.have never B.never have C.haven’t never D.ever haven’t
10.a teacher he was 20 years old
Trang 10A.for B.about C.at D.since
Write in correct English
1 I have lived in Ho Chi Minh city since twenty five years
Trang 1120 The girls have finished their project two days ago
_
Những mẫu câu quan trọng khi viết lại câu ở thì HTHT & QKĐG
-to V ago
1 S + started / began
-V_ing in, when
- for
-> S + have /has + p.p
- since
2 This is the first time + S + have/has +p.p
-> S + have/ has + not + p.p before In + năm 3 S + last + Ved/ c2 + when + mệnh đề Khoảng thời gian + ago
-> The last time + S + Ved/c2 + + was + in / ago -> It’s + năm / khoảng tg + since + S + V(ed/c2)
-> S + haven’t / hasn’t + p.p for / since
4 when + did + S + V(bare inf) ?
-> how long + have/has +S + p.p ?
When + did + S + last + V(bare inf) ?
-> how long is it + Since + S + last + ved/c2 ?
Rewrite sentences so that the meaning stay the same 1 We haven’t been to the concert for over a year The last time ………
2 We last saw our grandfather two years ago We haven’t ………
3 I have never read such a romantic story This is ………
4 It’s nearly twenty years since my father saw my uncle My father ………
5 he hasn’t been back to his village for over 20 years It’s ………
6 The journey to the village was very interesting to the boys
Trang 12-Hành động đã xảy ra và kết thúc trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ
Ex: We had lived in Hue before 1975
-Hành động đã xảy ra và đã kết thúc trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ
*chú ý: hành động xảy ra trước chia thì QKHT
hành động xảy ra sau chia thì quá khứ đơn
Ex: When I got up this morning,my father had already left
-Hành động xảy ra và kéo dài đến một thời điểm nào đó trong quá khứ
Ex: By the time I met you,I had worked in that company for five years
Chọn dạng đúng của động từ điền vào chỗ trống trong các Bài tập về thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếng Anh dưới đây:
I Put the verb in brackets in the Past Simple or Past Perfect:
1 They (go) ……… home after they (finish) ……… their work
2 She said that she (already, see) ……… Dr Rice
3 After taking a bath, he (go) ……… to bed
4 He told me he (not/eat) ……… such kind of food before
5 When he came to the stadium, the match (already/begin)
………
6 Before she (watch) ……… TV, she (do)………
homework
7 What (be) ……… he when he (be) ……… young?
8 After they (go) ………, I (sit) ……… down and (rest)
………
9 Yesterday, John (go) ……… to the store before he (go)
……… home
Trang 1310 She (win) ……… the gold medal in 1986.
11 Our teacher (tell) ……… us yesterday that he (visit) ……… England in 1970
12 Alan (have) ……… hardly (prepare)……… for dinner when her husband (go)…… home
13 No sooner (have) ……….… I (watch)……… TV than the phone (ring)…………
14 Before I (watch) ……… TV, I (do) ……… my homework
15 After I (wash) ……….my clothes, I (sleep)
………
16 - “ It is the first time I have eaten sushi” , said Bill
- Bill said it (be) ……… the first time he (eat) ……… sushi
17 – “ I broke my glasses yesterday”, said Lan
- Lan said that she (break) ……… her glasses the day before
18 I couldn’t attend the evening classes because I worked at night
If I (not work) ……… at night, I (attend) ……… the
evening classes
19 I didn’t have a laptop so I wish I (have) ……… a laptop
20 You didn’t stay home I would rather you (stay) ……… home
* Past perfect vs past simple
1.Almost everybody (leave)……… by the time we (arrive)……… 2.He (wonder)……… whether he (leave)……… hiswallet at home
3.The secretary (not leave)……… until she (finish)……… her work The couple scarcely (enter)……… the house when they (begin)……… to argue
4.The teacher (ask)……… the boy why he (not do)………… his homework.5.She already (post)……… the letter when she (realize)……… she (send)……… it to the wrong address
6.Hardly the car (go)……… a mile when it (have)……… a flat tyre.7.The weather (be)……… far worse than we (expect)……… 8.They (be married)….… for five years when thy finally (have)………… a child.9.No sooner they (sell)……… their car than they (regret)……… having done so.10.When she (finish)………… her work she (go)……… to the cinema.11.He (not eat)……… until his parents (come)……… home
12.She (tell)……… she never (meet)……… him
13.He (do)……… her homework before he ( go)……… out
14.The lights (go)………… out the moment he (get)……… into the cinema
Trang 1415.Hardly the holiday (begin)……… when they (leave)……… the town.16.They (be)………… out for an hour when it (start)……… to rain.
17.They (leave)……… the shop as soon as they (buy)………… everything they (need)………
18.The house (burn)……… to the ground buy the time the firemen (arrive)… 19.As he (do)……… a lot of work that day he (be)……… very tired.20.I already (hear)…… about the accident when he (tell)……… me about it.21.He (live)……… in the country for ten years when he first (come)……… to London
22.I (not talk)……… to him because when I (arrive)………… he already (leave)
………
23.When we (go)……… out again, the wind (stop)……… 24.He (think)……… he (win)……… in the lottery but he (not have)……… of course
25.No sooner the bell (ring)………… when the pupils (go)………… out to play.26.Before you (mention)………… his name, I never (hear)………… of this poet.27.Our guests (be)………… still here when he (come)……… back from school.28.The same day he (arrive)……… I (receive)……… a postcard from him
29.They just (close)……… the shop when I (get)……… there.30.When the policeman (blow)……… his whistle the driver (stop)……… the car
II Put the verb in brackets in the Past simple, Past perfect or Present perfect
1.She didn’t notice that she (never see) ……… that film before.2.I suddenly (remember) that I ……… (forget) my keys
3.Bill no longer has his car He (sell) ……… it
4.(Have/you/put) ……… Off the fire before you (go) ………… out.5.I was very pleased to see Mary again I (not see) ……… for a long time
III Rewrite the sentences and make sure they have the same meaning
1 David had gone home before we arrived
Trang 15- Before ……….
Chapter 2: wish clause
Có 3 dạng câu mong ước:
- Mong ước không thật ở hiện tại:
(+) S + wish(es) + S + V2/-ed + O (to be: were / weren’t)
(-) S + wish(es) + S + didn’t + V
Ex: Ben isn’t here I wish Ben were here
I wish I could swim
- Mong ước không thật ở quá khứ:
(+) S + wish(es) + S + had + V3/-ed
(-) S + wish(es) + S + hadn’t + V3/-ed
Ex: She failed her exam last year She wishes she hadn’t failed her exam
- Mong ước không thật trong tương lai
(+) S+ wish(es) + S + would + V1
(-) S + wish(es) + S + wouldn’t + V1
Ex: I wish you would stop smoking
*Note: IF ONLY (Giá mà) Cách sử dụng giống với WISH
Ex: I wish I weren’t so fat = If only I weren’t so fat
Rewrite sentences so that the meaning stay the same
1.It rain today
Trang 16They wish 10.Nam’s father doesn’t get the promotion
He wishes 11.My team doesn’t win the game
I wish _12.I don’t know how to speak Spanish
I wish _13.The boy is too short to play volleyball
He wishes 14.Her little brother can’t swim
He wishes 15.Lan never visit the citadel in Hue
She wish _16.Their mother doesn’t buy them new comics
They wish 17.Tuan doesn’t write the coposition
He wishes 18.Quy doesn’t take part in the soccer match training
She wishes _19.Her mother can’t drive a car
She wishes _20.The “Y and Y” club cancels the meeting
The members wish 21.Lan can not run as fast as her friends
She wishes 22.Thang has to stay home because of her sickness
He wishes _23.The girls don’t perform very well
They wish _24.Some student are late for class
They wish _25.My class make a lot of noise
I wish _26.I didn’t go shopping
I wish _27.You didn’t tell them about it
I wish _28.John didn’t come to the meeting
I wish _29.He made a lot of mistake last year
Trang 17I wish
30.I’m sorry I missed the film last night
I wish
Correct the verb form
1.I wish you(drive) ………carefully in the future
2 He wishes his mother (be) ……….here now to give him some advices
3 I wish I (know)……… all about this matter several week ago
4 I wish I (have)……… more time now to help you with your work
5 I wish I (study)……… psychology when I was a college
6 I wish someone (offer) ……… to help me with that work tomorrow7.It’s a pity you didn’t ask him how to get there I wish you (ask)
……….him how to get there
8 Tom wish he (be) ………there yesterday
9 Susan wishes she (can speak)……… VietNamese
10.I wish I (be)……… free now
11.I can’t come tomorrow.I wish I (come)……… tomorrow
12.The little boy wishes he (become)……… an arcobat when he grew up13.I wish I (be) ……….a famous singer
14.I wish I (see) ……… this film on television again
15 I wish they (know) ……….the truth yesterday
16 She wishes her father ( be)……… here now to help her
17 I wish they ( visit)……… us when they were in town
18 I wish someone ( give)……… me a job next month
19 If only I ( can take)……… the trip to Hanoi with her next summer
20 I wish they ( know) ……….the truth yesterday
21 I wish I (see)……… that film on TV again
22 We wish she (be) ………our teacher of English
23 My brother wishes he (not waste) ………time when he was young
24 They wish they (come) ………to class on time yesterday morning
25 I wish I ( spend)……… my last summer vacation in the
mountains
26.I wish she (come) ………to see me yesterday
27.If only I ( have) ………more time to do this job
28.He missed an exceiting football match on TV last night He wishes he (watch)
……… it
29.I wish you ( not give )……… them my phone number yesterday.30.We wish we ( understand)……… all the teacher’s explanation yesterdayChoose the best answer
1.This is a difficult problem I wish I …… the answer
Trang 18a know b knew c had known d would know
2.I couldn’t come to Mary’s birthday party last night I wish…… there
a I could b I had come c I could have come d came
3.I can’t understand anything Marie says I wish I …….French
a can speak b speak c could speak d speaking
4.I want to get in touch with Jane If only I …….her phone number
a knew b to know c know d knowing
5 Helen has a lot of work to do today She wishes she …….more time
a has had b has c had had d had
6 Mary didn’t get good marks for the test last week She wishes she …….more carefully
a study b would study c studied d had studied
7.I wish you …….watching television while I am talking to you
a stop b stopped c stop d to stop
8.Bill wishes he …….more money so he could buy a new bike
a has b have c had d having
9 If only I…….a birth, I could fly freely to anywhere I want
a am b was c were d would be
10 I wish I …….so rude to my parents yesterday
a weren’t b hadn’t been c haven’t been d am not
11 I wish I …… play the piano as well as my close friend ……
a could/ play b can/ plays c could/ plays d can play
12.I wish I …… to my parents Now it’s too late
a listen b would listen c have listened d had listened
13 If only he …… me the truth, I didn’t treat her badly
a told b had told c tells d would tell
14.I wish I ……to the movies with you last night
a went b go c have gone d had gone
15 She wishes she ……him the bad news yesterday
a didn’t tell b doesn’t tell c hadn’t told d wouldn’t tell
16.If only I …… for that job, I might be a typist now
a apply b applied c had applied d have applied
1 It's a pity that you didn't tell us about this
A I wish you told us about this B I wish you would told us about this
C I wish you had told us about this D I wish you have told us about this
2 It's such a pity your sister can't come as well
A I am very sorry that your sister couldn't come B I wonder why your sister can't come.
C If only your sister could come as well D If only your sister can come
3.They regret ever getting married
A They wish they had never got married
Trang 19B They wish they never got married.
C They wish they did not get married
D They wish they have never got married
4 I'm sorry that he won't accept the job he 's been offered
A I wish he will accept the job he's been offered
B I wish he would accept the job he's been offered
C I wish he had accepted the job he's been offered
D I wish he would haveaccepted the job he's been offered.5.I regret going to bed so late last night
A I wish I didn't go to bed so late last night
B I wish I went to bed early last night
C I wish I hadn't gone to bed so late last night
D I wish I had gone to bed early last night
6.what a pity! You aren’t here with us now
A I wish you aren’t here with us now
B I wish you weren’t here with us now
C I wish you were here with us now
D I wish you would be here with us now
7 I’d like my father give up smoking
A I wish my father gave up smoking
B I wish my father will give up smoking
C I wish my father gives up smoking
D I wish my father can give up smoking
8 He doesn’t help his mother with house work
A I wish he helps his mother with house work
B I wish he does helped his mother with house work
C I wish he helped his mother with house work
D I wish he would help his mother with house work
9 My friends often go on a camping trip without me
A I wish my friends go on a camping trip without me
B I wish my friends went on a camping trip without me
C I wish my friends go on a camping trip with me
D I wish my friends went on a camping trip with me
10 He must go now
A He wishes he doesn’t go now
B He wishes he won’t go now
C He wishes he didn’t have to go now
D He wishes he hadn’t to go now
Trang 20Chapter 3: Passive voice
I.Câu chủ động và câu bị động
*Active voice(câu chủ động): Người hoặc vật thực hiện hành động
Ex: They built this house in 1994
*Passive voice(câu bị động): Người hoặc vật chịu sự tác động của hành động
Ex: This house was built in 1994
II.Cách chuyển sang bị động
* Công thức chuyển câu bị động
Chủ động : S + V + O
Bị động : S + Be + V pp + ( by + chủ thể của hành động)
* Quy tắc đổi câu bị động
Khi biến đổi 1 câu từ chủ động sang bị động ta làm theo các bước sau:
Bước 1: Xác định S, V, O và thì của V trong câu chủ động
Bước 2: Lấy O trong câu chủ động làm S của câu bị động
Bước 3 : Biến đổi V chính trong câu chủ động sang bị động theo đúng thì hoặc cấu trúc
Hoàn thành had + been + Vpp
will/shall + have been + Vpp
Tương lai gần am/is/are +going to + be + Vpp
Bước 4: Lấy S trong câu chủ động làm O và đặt sau “By “trong câu bị động
Trang 21This book is bought
Ex: I have my father repair my bike
=> I have my bike repaired by my father
2.BỊ ĐỘNG TRONG TRƯỜNG HỢP 2 TÂN NGỮ
Oi = Indirect Object (tân ngữ gián tiếp)
Od = Direct Object.(tân ngữ trực tiếp)
Ex: My friend gave me a present on my birthday
V Oi Od
A present was given to me by my friend on my birthday
I was given a present on my birthday by my friend
Ex: They say that he is the best doctor
=> It is said that he is the best doctor
=> He is said to be the best doctor
Cách chia bị động kép:
Cách1: Ta dùng chủ ngữ giả và bị động theo đúng thì của V1:
It+ be V1pp+…………
They say that he is the best doctor
=> It is said that he is the best doctor
Cách 2: Ta chuyển S2 lên đầu câu và giải quyết động từ vế 2 theo nguyên tắc sau
*Nếu V2 ở hiện tại thì khi chuyển sang bị động=> to V
*Nếu V2 ở QK thì chuyển sang bị động=> to have Vpp
Ex: they know that he stole the money
Trang 22=>It is known that he stole the money
=>he is known to have stolen the money
*Nếu V1 đã ở QK thì V2 chỉ đưa về To V
Ex: People believed that the earth was flat
=>It was believed that………
=>The earth was believed to be flat
*Nếu V2 gồm nhiều động từ liền nhau thì ta chỉ xử lý động từ đầu tiên
Ex: They report that the criminal is hiding in Paris
=>It is reported that………
=>The criminal is reported to be hiding in Paris
Exercise :
I.Rewrite these sentences, using Causative Active Form :
1 I asked Jack to polish my shoes
Trang 2315 We must tell the painter to paint our room soon.
………
II Rewrite these sentences, using Causative Passive Form :
1 The mother has had her daughter make a dress
1 He has his shoes ……… every day (shine)
2 He gets his hair ……… once a month (cut)
3 We shall have those books ……… to you (bring)
4 Maria had her landlord ……… the broken windows before winter (fix)
5 I’ll get a specialist ……… my health (check up)
6 They are going to have their wedding card ……… there (print)
7 She got the post office ……… a telephone in his flat (install)
8 Before we leave, let’s have Sally ……… a map so we wouldn’t get lost (draw)
9 She can’t always get her mother ……… aloud to her (read)
10 She can make any dogs ……… her (obey)
11 I called the company to have my telephone ……… (change)
12 They are going to have a new school ……… (build)
13 She had a street artist ……… her portrait (paint)
14 She got the dentist ……… her decaying tooth (pull out)
Trang 2415 To please my son, I had his old bicycle ……… (repair) I/ Rewrite the sentences, use the verbs in present passive form:
1 People use milk for making butter and cheese
"will/ can/ should/ must + be + past participle."
1 Some body will clean the room later
Trang 259 We should use cloth bags instead of plastic bags.
-> ………
10 We can use the garbage to make fertilizer
-> ………
III/ Change these sentences into passive:
1 Some body clean the house every day
Trang 26Ex: 0 They asked me to repair the table.
-> I was told to repair the table
1 They told him to stay home for three days
1 We must pay the bill at once
Trang 2710 The repairman is going to repair my car next week.
-> We are going to have………11.They can make tea with boiled water
-> Tea
12 He is instructing all the workers of the plan at the moment
-> All the workers of the plan
13 A boy has just taken some of my books away
18 Hung took some pictures of his father away yesterday
-> Some pictures of his father
19 They may use their rooms for the classrooms
-> Their rooms
20 The teacher is going to punish some students
-> Some students
III/ Change these sentences into passive:
1 Peter is writing a letter to his friend
Trang 286 they are demolishing the entire block
Trang 2926 They have paid doctors a lot of money
31 Lan is helped by the teacher
Trang 30IV/Choose the best answer
1 They use cars and trucks to carry food to market
A Cars and trucks are used to carrying food to market
B Cars and trucks are used to carry food to market
C Cars and trucks are use to carry food to market
D Cars and trucks are used to carried food to market
2 We will meet him at the station
A He will be met at the station
B He will meet at the station
C He will be meet at the station
D He will be meeted at the station
3 How long have they doe their work?
E How long have their work been done?
F How long has their work be done?
G How long has their work been done?
H How long have their work done?
4 No one could help him
I He could be helped by no one
J He couldn’t be helped by no one
K He could be helped
L He could helped
5 The gate is painted once a year
M They paint the gate one a year
N They painted the gate one a year
O They are painting the gate one a year
P D They will paint the gate one a year
6 Food can’t be sold on the sidewalk
Q They can’t sold food on the sidewalk
R They can’t be sold food on the sidewalk
S They can’t sell food on the sidewalk
T They can sell food on the sidewalk
7 The flowers shouldn’t be cut in this garden
U You shouldn’t be cut the flowers in this garden
V The flowers shouldn’t cutting the flowers in this garden
W The flowers shouldn’t cut the flowers in this garden
X D You shouldn’t cut the flowers in this garden
8 When was this car bought?
A When do they buy this car ?
B When did they bought this car?
Trang 31C When did they buy this car?
D When are they bought this car?
9 Why isn’t she taken to the cinema with them?
B Why don’t they taken her to the cinema with them?
C Why doesn’t she take to the cinema with them?
D Why doesn’t she take them to the cinema?
D Why don’t they take her to the cinema with them?
10 Who was she invited to the party by?
A Who invited her to the party by?
B Who invited her to the party?
C Whom invites her to the party?
D Whom invited her to the party?
81 They say that she is the best singer in this town
Trang 3294 We knew that you are in town on the night of the crime.
You ………
95 People believe that he was killed by terrorists
He ………
Chapter 4: prepositions
Giới từ là những từ được dùng với danh từ (hoặc đại từ,danh động từ)để chỉ sự liên
hệ các từ ấy với các từ khác trong câu
THE USE OF PREPOSITIONS (CÁCH DÙNG CỦA GIỚI TỪ)
- Mùa : in spring, in summer
- Buổi : (trừ at night) in the morning, in the afternoon
- In time (đúng giờ)
* Cho nơi chốn :
- in (ở trong) in the box, in the living roon…
- in đứng trước các thành phố, đất nước, miền, phương hướng in London, in Viet Nam, in the East …
3/ON :
* Cho thời gian:
- on được dùng trước thứ(ngày trong tuần) on Sunday, on Monday…
- on được dùng đứng trước ngày tháng on June 10th …
- on time (đúng giờ-chính xác)
* Cho nơi chốn :
- on (ở trên) there is a book on the table
- on food, on radio, on TV, on the beach …
4/BY :
- By được dùng trong câu bị động (có nghĩa là bởi)
- By được dùng để chỉ phương tiện đi lại by bike, by car …
Trang 33- By the time (trước khi), by change(tình cờ), learn by heart (học thuộc lòng)
– full of(đầy), hopeful of(hy vọng)
– independent of(độc lập) – proud of(tự hào)
– jealous of(ghen tị) – guitly of(có tội) – sick of(chán nản) – joyful of(vui mừng) – quick of(nhanh chóng về)
2/TO:
-acceptable to(có thể chấp nhận)
– accustomed to(quen với)
– addicted to (đam mê)
– delightful to(thú vị đối với ai)
– familiar to sb(quen thuộc với ai) – clear to(rõ dàng)
– contrary to(trái lập) – similar to(giống,tương tự) - …
3/ FOR:
-late for (trễ)
– famous for(nổi tiếng)
– necessary for(cần thiết)
– greedy for(tham lam)
perfect for(hoàn hảo)
– suitable for(phù hợp)
-sorry for (xin lỗi) – good for(tốt cho) – useful for(co ích) – ready for(sẵn sàng– convinient for(thuận lợi) – responsible for(chịu trách nhiệm)…4/AT :
-good at(giỏi về)
– bad at(kém về)
– clever at(khéo léo)
– skilful at (có kĩ năng) – quick at(nhanh) – amazed at(ngạc nhiên)
Trang 34– amused at(vui về)
– excellent at(xuất xắc về)
– present at(hiện diện)
– surprised at(ngạc nhiên) – angry at(giận về điều gì) – annoy at(khó chịu về)…
5/WITH :
-bored with(chán)
– fed up with(chán)
- busy with(bận)
– crowded with (đông đúc)
– angry with (giận dữ)
– friendly with (thân mật) – acquainted with (làm quen) – popular with (phổ biến) – satisfied with (thỏa mãn )- …
- isolated from(bị co lập)
– absent from(vắng mặt)
– different from(khác)
– far from(xa) – safe from(an toàn) – divorced from(ly dị) 9/ON: keen on (hăng hái về)
PREPOSITIONS FOLLOWING VERBS (Giới từ theo sau các động từ)
-apologize sb for sth : xin lỗi ai về
-arrive at : tới nơi nhỏ
-arrive in : tới nơi lớn
-wait for sb : chờ đợi
-join in : tham gia vào
-blame sb for sth : đổ lỗi cho ai
-escape from : thoát khỏi
-congratulate sb on sth: chúc mừng ai
về
-introduce to : giới thiệu ai với ai
-give up : từ bỏ -look at : nhìn -look after : chăm sóc -look for : tìm kiếm-look forward to : mong đợi-put on : mang vào, mang vào-put off : hoãn lại
-stand for : tượng trưng-call of : hủy bỏ-object to + V-ng : phản đối-infer from :suy ra từ
-participate in : tham gia -succeed in : thành công-prevent sb from : ngăn cản -provide with : cung cấp
Trang 35-agree with : đồng ý
-beg for : van nài cho
-borow sth from sb : mượn cái gì của ai
-depend on : phụ thuộc vào -die of : chết vì bệnh tật
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions of time
1 He was born in a small village _ 1957
2 Tell me where you were _ Friday,27 october
3 He used to work as a fashion designer _ 1960 and 1970
4 _1785 _1790, the capital of the US was located in New York city
5 Author Susan Glaspell won a pulitzer prize _ 1931 for her play Alison’s house
6 He goes to his office everyday except Sunday Sunday he stays at homeand works in his garden
7 I’m returning to England the end of this term
8 He started going to school the age of 5.so now he’s been in school _ ten years
9 first I found the work very tiring, but _ a few weeks I got used to it
10 I’m going to Paris _ Monday morning with Tom
11 Children get presents chritmas and _ their birthday
12 Children are very fond of swimming the summer
13 My father works 7am 5pm
14 _ my birthday there will be a party 7pm and 10 pm
15 _years afterwards,people stil remember that terrible now
16 They arrived _ 3 o’clock yesterday
17 I’ve been waiting for her half past six
18 I watched TV 9 12 last night
19 He lived in Paris three years
20 She’ll be at home Friday morning
21 Our football season often begins _ August every year
22 _ the end of the holiday,I needed anotherholiday
23 We met Easter day and went for a walk across the hills
24 The church was built 1910
25 Tom and Peter came here _ the same time
Prepositions
1 Translate this article English for me, please
2 You remind me my sister
3 We can see many stars the sky at night
4 Children like to go to the circus sunday
5 Who is talking the phone, my dear?
6 when I saw Lan She was talking a friend hers
Trang 367 My wife has been Ho Chi Minh city several times
8 he is very interested football
9 Do you go to school car or foot
10 She is good English
11 They have only been there a few minutes
12 The canoe overturned and evryone fell the deep water
13 Do you mind if I sit the front seat the car?
14 Donna is thinking importing flowers Vietnam
15 Would you mind if I had a look your luggage?
16 How going to Ben Thanh Market this afternoon?
17 You can use dictionary to find new words
18 They are very proud their new house
19 They named their daughter their favorite singers
20 The passage is written English
21 I'll come to pick her at 8 o'clock
22 Mrs Lan called her newspaper delivery
23 He worked very hard and finally came .a very important invention
24 I couldn’t meet Mrs Chi because she's
25 Tam had high marks exams working very hard school
26 To be remember of our organization, you can register today
27 That's very kind you to help me this math problem
28 It has rained two o'clock
29 Try to learn the meaning of new words heart
30 Please wait me a few minutes
31 In this respect, french differs English
32 This restaurant is famous its Chinese dishes
33 She enjoys participating raising funds for the poor
34 The house is very dirty We haven't cleaned it ages
35 My grandmother prefers living in the countryside living in the city
36 My parents are tired living in the city
37 She’s looking forward seeing her sister
38 I’m grateful him a wonderful evening
39 Thank you advising me not to smoke
40 Jacson was late because he was not aware the time
41 Mary is sitting her father and mother
42 She’s looking forward seeing her sister
43 I’m grateful him a wonderful evening
44 Thank you advising me not to smoke
45 Jacson was late because he was not aware the time
Trang 3746 Mary is sitting her father and mother
47 Pasteur devoted all his time science
48 Are you jealous his success
49 He is so busy his work
50 They spend much time reading books
51 They were excited the TV programme
52 We buy it a low price
53 A raincoat keeps you being ill
54 He asked some money
55 His teacher believes his improvement
56 Three prisoners escaped the prison in May
57 He’s very good telling jokes
58 Better methods of refrigeration depend engineers
59 That’s very kind you to help me
60 What is the reason your absence?
61 I’m really proud my mother
62 Did Mr John succeed selling his old car?
63 Measuring money must be very difficult to carry
64 Why did those fellows insist doing everything themselves?
65 The teacher divided the class two groups
66 We will provide you plastic bags
67 We're afraid to say that we don’t agree your project.It causes many bad things environment
68 Tom's parents was disappointed him because he failed final test
69 Take an umbrella with you It will save you getting wet on the way home
70 The boys keeps asking his father protecting the environment
71 The street are full garbage
72 We are all responsible keeping the environment clear and clean
73 There’s no point arguing
74 She’s famous her intelligence
75 if you earn a good salary,you can be independent your parents
76 She was quite satisfied your anwser
77 This story is similar that one
78 He often borrow money his friends
Correct the mistakes where necessary
1 Lan is a very good student.She always comes to class in time
2 His birthday falls in 23 july
3 Always take a short nap in the afternoon before you start working again
Trang 384 We have class meeting on Saturdays
5 We were very lucky not to miss the first part of the play We came to the theater just on time
6 At the end of the day studying,he felt a pain in his chest
7 Ho Chi Minh city appears extremely beautiful in night
8 We moved into this city on 2009
9 since 1975 to 2009,I studied at Nguyen Thi Minh Khai high school
10 What are you doing at the time being?
Choose the best answer
III.Choose the best answer
1 She was very surprised the grade she received
5 A sign warned motorists dangers
a of b for c about d a and c
6 They translated the letter French
a for b with c intod about
7 I was disappointed the grade I received on my last essay
a for b about c to d a and b
8 The medical center is close campus
11 He always prevents me _ doing my duty
a of b from c with d against
12 I write letters _ my right hand
a in b by c with d at
13 The war victims suffered terribly cold and hunger
a with b from c through d of
14 She is absent _ class
a at b from c to d away
15 It is very nice of _ you to take so much trouble
a of b to c for d from
Trang 3916 She arrived …… two o’clock…… the morning.
a at/ on b in/ in c at / in d on/ in
17 Brown and yellow hair is fashionable………the moment
18 They see each other …… lunchtime and …… night only
a in/ in b on/ on c at/ at d in/ at
19 Remember the meeting will be …… Tuesday, …… 9 am and 11am
a on/ at b on/ from c on / between d at/ at
20 I know Jane I first met her ……Christmas……1990
a in/ in b at/ in c at/ at d on/ in
Chapter 5: Adverb clauses of result
(so,so that,so…that,such…that,too…to,enough … to)
1 Mệnh đề chỉ mục đích:
so that will/would
S+V+ +S+ can/could +(Not) +V (ng.mẫu)
in order that may/might
Ex: I’ll try my best to study English so that I can find a better job
He wore glasses in order that nobody would recognize him
I put the milk in the fridge in order that it won’t spoil
*Note:
-Will,can,may => diễn đạt mục đích ở hiện tại
-Would,could,might => diễn đạt mục đích ở quá khứ
-Đôi khi dùng thì HTĐ sau “so that, in order that” để chỉ ý nghĩa ở tương lai
He went to France to study French
He does morning exercises in order to improve his health
She is hurrying so as not to miss the bus
3.Cụm từ chỉ kết quả:
a.enough ….to (đủ … để có thể)
Trang 40adj / adv + enough + (for O) + to V
S + V +
enough + N + to V
Ex: Mary is old enough to do what she wants
I have enough strength to lift that box
b too … (quá ….không thể)
too + adj / adv (for O) + to V
S + V +
too much/too many + N
Ex: Tim spoke too quickly for us to understand
Tim is too short to play basketball
There are too many people at the entrance
4.Mệnh đề chỉ kết quả:
a.so ….that (quá … đến nỗi)
S+ V + so + adj / adv + that + S + V ……
Ex: It was so dark that I couldn’t see anything
She walked so quickly that nobody could keep up with her
So + many,much,little,few + N + that… (Quá nhiều/ít đến nỗi)
Ex: He has invested so much money in the project that he can’t abandon it now
S + V + so + adj + a + Noun (đếm được số ít) + that …
b such … that (quá … đến nỗi)
S+ V + such (a/an) + adj + N + that + S + V ……
Ex: It was such a heavy piano that we couldn’t move it
*Note:
- Có thể dùng “such” trước danh từ mà không có tính từ
Ex: She is such a baby that we never dare to leave her alone
- So many, much, few, little > < Such a lot of
Ex: Why did you buy so much food?
= Why did you buy such a lot of food?
Ex: It was so hot a day that we decided to stay in door
Fill in the blanks with so or such
4 The city is _ green that it attracts a lot of tourists
5 It was _ a peaceful place that we enjoyed ourselves so much
6 They are _ good players that they always win the tournament
7 The actor played well that he won an Oscar
8 It was _ a boring speech that most of us fell asleep