BAITAPBIENDOICAUTIENGANH8,9

Reported speech with the introductory verb in the present simple Ex: My teacher of Geography says, “ The Sun rises in the East.” My teacher of Geography says that the Sun rises in the

Part B: REPORTED SPEECH

I Reported speech with the introductory verb in the present simple

Ex: My teacher of Geography says, “ The Sun rises in the East.”

My teacher of Geography says ( that ) the Sun rises in the East.

II.Statements,commands, requests,advice in reported speech and indirect questions with if and whether

1 Statement in reported speech

Ex: Nam said, “ I am doing my homework now.”

Nam said (that) he was doing his homework then.

2 Commands in reported speech

Ex1: He said, “ Can you meet me after class?”

He asked me to meet him after class Ex2: “Don’t talk in class”, Our teacher said.

Our teacher told us not to talk in class.

Ex3: The policeman said, “ Please show me your driving licence.”

The policeman ordered me to show him my driving licence

Ex4: “Don’t touch this button or you’ll get an electric shock”,the man said to me

The man warned me not to touch that button or I would get an electric shock.

3 Advice in reported speech

EX: “ You should stop smoking,” my father said.

My father said/ told ( that ) I should stop smoking.

S1 + says (that) + S2 + V’ + O’

S + said (that) + S2 + V” + O”

asked told

S + ordered + O + ( NOT) + TO_infi

warned

4 Indirect questions with if and whether

Ex1: She asked me “ Do you like playing soccer?”

She asked if/whether I liked playing soccer.

Ex2: “Will Tom be here tomorrow?” she asked Ba.

She asked Ba if/whether Tom would be here the day after.

Ex3: “ Is the Big Ben in New York city?” Nam asked Lan.

Nam asked Lan if/whether the Big Ben was in New York city.

Ex4: She said, “ Do I look alright?”

She wondered if / whether she looked alright.

5 WH-questions in reported speech

Ex1: My teacher said to us, “ where are you going ?”

My teacher asked us where we were going

Ex2: Nga said, “ What time does the bank close?”

Nga wanted to know what time the bank closed

Ex3: She said to me, “ what’s your name?”

She asked me what my name was

4 “Mr and Mrs Pike have just read these newspapers”, Nga said

S + said/told ( that ) + S2 + Should + V_bare infi

S + asked (s.b) / wanted to know / wondered + If / Whether + S’ + V’ +…

asked ( O )

S + Wondered + WH_questions + S’ + V’

Wanted to know

………16.Nam said, “ I am doing my homework now.”

20.“Don’t touch this button or you’ll get an electric shock”,the man said

………47.“ Where can I find the director’s office?” the woman asked me.

………

56.The son said to his father, “ Will you come here every weekend, dad?”

……… 57.The teacher said to the students, “ Are you ready for tomorrow?”

Part C: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION

1.QUESTIONS WITH “HOW MUCH”

What + be + the price of sth ? <=> How much + be + sth ?

How much + do/does + sth + cost? a.What is the price of this watch?

2 QUESTIONS WITH “ HOW TO GET TO”

Can you show/tell me the way to + a place?

<=> Can you tell me how to get to + a place ?

a Can you tell me the way to the bank?

l Can you tell me how to get to Chu Se market?

………

3 HAVE-THERE IS/ARE

S + have <=> There is/are

a The café has a lot of tables

S + be + adj + noun <=> Noun + be + adj

a The national theatre has very comfortable seats

f The university has got numerous outstanding professors.

5 WITH + NOUN- ADVERB

S + V + with + noun <=> S + V + adv

a He handled the chinawares with care

S + V + time <=> It takes/ took + (SO) + time + to_infi

a I accomplished this task in three months

7 THE VERB “ MAKE”

S + be + adj <=> S + make + O + adj

a Why was she late?

What………

b The critics were strongly impressed by her performance

Her performance made ………

c I am always nervous when I travel by air

Travelling………

d He felt happy with the news

………

e She felt happy with the toys

The toys made………

f She heard the song and she felt homesick

The song made………

g They were late because of heavy traffice

………

h Nam’s sister is always sad when she sees that film.

………

i He was successful thanks to his hard work

His hard work made………

j We work all day and we have no time to spare

Our work makes………

8 ADJECTIVE-ADVERB

S + be + adj + noun <=> S + verb + adv

a They are fast typists

S + be + adj <=> What + (a/an) + adj + n !

How + adj + S +be

S + V + adv <=> How + adv + S + V !

a She is a very graceful girl

What………

b How fast he run!

a Bi let Ba keep the kitten.

f The national laws allow us to do private businesses

The national laws………

g Thay don’t allow outsiders to attend their meeting

12 THE VERB “ SUGGEST” FOLLOWED BY PRESENT SUBJ

a Let’s + V S + suggest + that + S + present subj

b In my opinion

c S + advise

d Why don’t you do sth? Or S + suggest + V_ing

a “Let’s go for a walk in the part,” said Ann

Ann suggested that………

b In my opinion you are not telling the truth

I suggested………

c “ I’d take a taxi if I were you”, said Peter

Peter suggested………

d The doctor advised me to take a rest

The doctor suggested………

e “ Why don’t you complain to the company, Peter?” said William

William suggested……….

f Why don’t you meet to discuss the pay offer?

j People wanted the train to arrive at 6.00

The train was………

14 PREFER- WOULD RATHER

a S + would prefer S + would rather + S + past subj

b S + like….better than <=> S + would rather…than….

c S + prefer S + would rather + V.

a He would prefer you to tell him a story

S + find + it ( unreal object ) + adj + to_infi

a The heavy traffic annoys the residents

The residents find………

b We must clean and tidy our school

We must keep………

c Some visitors to Britain get depressed by the weather

Some visitors to Britain find………

d Cark has no problems in marking friends

Cark finds it………

e He found that it was difficult to tell them the truth

h The office work doesn’t allow us to rest

The office work keeps………

i We shouldn’t pollute our environment

We should keep………

j Her words embrrassed us

We found………

16 TOO + ADJ + TO_INFI AND SO… THAT

a S + be + too + adj + to_infi

<=> S + be + so + adj + that + ( S + can’t + V_infi )

b S + V + too + adv + to_infi

<=> S + V + so + adv + that + ( S + can’t + V_infi )

a This iron bar is too cold for the worker to strike

i I think that my sister is too busy to help them.

b S + be + too + adj + to_infi

<=> S + be + adj + enough + to_infi

c S + V + so + adv + that+ S + V

<=> S + V + adv + enough + to_infi

a The water was so cold that children could not swim in it

a S + once + past verb

b S + present verb ( negative ) any more

c This is the first time + The present perfect tense

<=> S + be not used to + V_ing

a They once started these machines by hand

………

b He doesn’t get up late any more

………

c I don’t listen to the radio any more.

21 NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO

b She can enjoy a good meal and she can go fishing on the lake

She can not………

c They ate lamb chops and fish

2 Causative passive: <=> S + have + sth + P.P

a Someone is going to repair my TV set tomorrow

I am going to………

b They had the porter carry their luggage to a taxi

They had their………

c They had an electrician rewire their house last month

They had their house………

d I am going to ask somebody to mend your bike.

j The teacher asks the girls to do needle work at home

The teacher has………

23 ALTHOUGH AND IN SPITE OF

Although + clause <=> In spite of + Noun / gerund

f Old Mr Ba attended the tree planting ceremony although the

weather was awfully sultry

………

………

g The people of HCM City will accomplish the “ green revolution” victoriously although water scarce

24 BE NECESSARY AND HAVE TO S + don’t need to

S + be + not necessary / pointless S + don’t have to

j It will be necessary for her to give up her job soon.

Soon she………

25 THE VERB “MAY”

Perhaps + S + will or S + will probaly + V Look as if

It is possible that

S + May <=> Seem

There’s a good chance + S + will + V

In all probability / likelihood + S + will + V It’s quite likely that + S + will + V

a I think it may rain

f Over the years one may become an authority on one’s hobby

Over the years it is quite

26 SURPRISE-FANCY

What a surprise to do sth <=> Fancy + doing

a What a surprise to see you here!

f The girl is proud of her beauty.

28 IT’S HIGH TIME

It’s high time + S + past subjunctive

a You really should be able to dress yourself by now

It’s high time you………

b “ It’s time for you to go to the hospital,” Sam said to Hellen

“It’s time you………

c When is the council going to do something about the city’s traffic problems?

It’s high time something………

d I had better get back to work

29 WOULD RATHER + CLAUSE AND IF ONLY

1 If only + past subjunctive

Past perfect subjunctive

2 S + would rather + S + subjunctive

a “It’s silly of you to worry so much!” Helen answered, laughing

If + S2 + V2 + comparative adj / adv + S1 + V1

<=> the comparative adj / adv + S2 + V2

the comparative adj / adv + S1 + V1

a If you work harder, you make more products

The harder you work,………

b If you have a better job, you get higher pay

The better the job,………

c If you are happier, you look younger

The happier………

d If there are more people, it will be better

The more people……….

e If they rise higher, they will fall harder

The higher………

f If it rains and rains, you feel more like not going out

The more it rains………

g If you get here sooner, we’ll be able to start out sooner

The sooner………

h If you hear more about it, you become more anxious

The more you………

i If the letter is heavier, you have to put more stamps on it

The heavier the letter………

j If you travel to more places, you find out more about the world.The more places………