Introduction to Work and the Economy

Part Number: X08-65210 Course Number: 2500A Released: 12/2001 Delivery Guide Introduction to XML and the Microsoft ® .NET Platform Information in this document, including URL and other Internet Web site references, is subject to change without notice. Unless otherwise noted, the example companies, organizations, products, domain names, e-mail addresses, logos, people, places, and events depicted herein are fictitious, and no association with any real company, organization, product, domain name, e-mail address, logo, person, places or events is intended or should be inferred. Complying with all applicable copyright laws is the responsibility of the user. Without limiting the rights under copyright, no part of this document may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), or for any purpose, without the express written permission of Microsoft Corporation. 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Course Number: 2500A Part Number: X08-65210 Released: 12/2001 Introduction to XML and the Microsoft® .NET Platform iii Contents Introduction Course Materials 2 Prerequisites .3 Course Outline .4 Setup 7 Microsoft Certified Professional Program .8 Facilities .10 Module 1: The Microsoft .NET Platform and XML Overview 1 Lesson: XML in the .NET Platform .2 Lesson: XML as a W3C Standard 12 Module 2: Basic XML Overview 1 Lesson: The Form of XML 2 Lesson: Designing an XML Vocabulary .13 Lesson: Namespaces 17 Lab 2: Designing an XML Vocabulary 25 Review .28 Module 3: Validating XML Overview 1 Lesson: Introducing Validation 2 Lesson: Using XSD Schemas 11 Quiz Introduction to Work and the Economy Introduction to Work and the Economy Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Today, the jobs of these assembly-line workers are increasingly being eliminated as technology grows (Photo courtesy of John Lloyd/flickr) Ever since the first people traded one item for another, there has been some form of economy in the world It is how people optimize what they have to meet their wants and needs Economy refers to the social institution through which a society’s resources (goods and services) are managed Goods, or commodities, are the physical objects we find, grow, or make in order to meet our needs and the needs of others Goods can meet essential needs, such as a place to live, clothing, and food, or they can be luxuries—those things we not need to live but want anyway In contrast to these objects, services are activities that benefit people Examples of services include food preparation and delivery, health care, education, and entertainment These services provide some of the resources that help to maintain and improve a society The food industry helps ensure that all of a society’s members have access to sustenance Health care and education systems care for those in need, help foster longevity, and equip people to become productive members of society Economy is one of human society’s earliest social structures Our earliest forms of writing (such as Sumerian clay tablets) were developed to record transactions, payments, and debts between merchants As societies grow and change, so their economies The economy of a small farming community is very different from the 1/2 Introduction to Work and the Economy economy of a large nation with advanced technology In this chapter, we will examine different types of economic systems and how they have functioned in various societies 2/2 [...]... executed in a speciic order that together solves a speciic task A program is written as a text document that contains all the necessary commands his document is called the programs code or source code he individual commands must be written in a very precise way, that the computer can understand them, and it is here a programming language comes into the picture A programming language provides precise... of programming and the language quickly to introduce the necessary to be able to write programs with a graphical user interface and thus to arrive quickly to write more interesting and realistic programs I chose the irst way because the other has a tendency to obscure the basic and almost drown all the basic ingredients in the incredible number of concepts and details related to the development of a... values automatically are converted to a string Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 23 C# 1 Introduction to programming and the C# language Variables Operators C# has a number of operators, which acts on variables or values he above program used the + operator Note that the signiicance of the operator is dependent on the type of the variables or constants the operator acts on In the irst case where... basics and what is necessary knowledge for being able to write programs herefore, all examples are simple console programs When you have to give an introduction to programming, you can choose Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 11 C# 1 Introduction to programming and the C# language Foreword only to look at console programs as a way to keep focus on the basics regarding substance of programming and the. .. as a text document (in practice several or many) and the program is thus a simply document with commands Commands are also called statements Because these commands or statements are just text, the machine can not immediately execute the commands, but they must irst be translated into an internal format that the computer understands his process is called translation or compilation and executed by a program... to programming and the C# language Introduction 1 Introduction C# is an object-oriented programming language he fundamental architectural element of a program is a class, and from a programmer’s perspective is a C# program a family of classes, that collectively deine all the application’s properties and functionality Writing a program is thus to deine – design – and write the code for the program’s classes.. .C# 1 Introduction to programming and the C# language [...]... chemists to understand how fossils are preserved and to use fossils to interpret ancient climates and atmospheres Paleontologists work with engineers and physicists to understand how ancient animals moved, and with biologists to understand how ancient organisms lived and how they are related to each other Paleontologists work with mathematicians to understand all kinds of aspects of evolution and events, and. .. be added, so the animals interacted with the backgrounds If they run through a forest, they have to disappear behind trees and bushes, and their muscles have to move beneath their skin (Fig 1.5); all this can be semiautomated through the CGI software Continued 10 INTRODUCTION TO PALEOBIOLOGY AND THE FOSSIL RECORD Figure 1.5 The sabertooth Smilodon as seen in Walking with Beasts (2001) The animals were... everywhere in the world These were the key steps in the foundations of stratigraphy, an understanding of geologic time (see p 24) FOSSILS AND EVOLUTION The vastness of geological time Progressionism and evolution Many paleontologists realized that the sedimentary rocks and their contained fossils Knowledge of the fossil record in the 1820s and 1830s was patchy, and paleontologists PALEONTOLOGY AS A SCIENCE... constructed at the AMNH, and photographs and dioramas of the scene were seen in books and magazines worldwide: Oviraptor was the mean egg thief who menaced innocent little Protoceratops as she tried to protect her nests and babies Then, in 1993, the AMNH sent another expedition to Mongolia, and the whole story turned on its head More nests were found, and the researchers collected some eggs Amazingly, they also... known as glossopetrae (“tongue stones”), in reference to their supposed resemblance to tongues, and many people believed they were the petrified tongues of snakes This interpretation led to the belief that the glossopetrae could be used as protection against snakebites and other poisons The teeth were worn as amulets to ward off danger, and they were even dipped into drinks in order to neutralize any poison... scientists found another Oviraptor on her nest just across the border in northern China Read more about these discoveries in Norell et al (1994, 1995) and Dong and Currie (1996), and at http://www.blackwellpublishing.com /paleobiology/ 7 8 INTRODUCTION TO PALEOBIOLOGY AND THE FOSSIL RECORD Anoplotherium commune Anoplotherium gracile Palaeotherium magnum Palaeotherium minus Figure 1.4 Some of the earliest reconstructions... INTRODUCTION TO PALEOBIOLOGY AND THE FOSSIL RECORD a long-running program of study of dinosaurs and other fossil groups from the Cretaceous of Madagascar (Box 1.4) Field expeditions attract wide attention, but most paleontological research is done in [...]... get to models of computation that are capable of producing answers more complicated than yes or no If we restrict ourselves for the time being, then, to computations that are supposed to solve decision problems, or to accept languages, then we can adjust the level of complexity of our model in one of two ways The first is to vary the problems we try to solve or the languages we try to accept, and to. .. − 1 < n! Therefore, p < n!, which is one of the inequalities we need To show the other one, suppose for the sake of contradiction that p ≤ n Then by the definition of factorial, p must be one of the factors of n! However, p cannot be a factor of both n! and n! − 1; if it were, it would be a factor of 1, their difference, and this is impossible because a prime must be bigger than 1 Therefore, the assumption... p and q p or q not p if p then q p only if q p if and only if q Each of these connectives is defined by saying, for each possible combination of truth values of the propositions to which it is applied, what the truth value of the result is The truth value of ¬p is the opposite of the truth value of p For the other four, the easiest way to present this information is to draw a truth table showing the. .. appropriate to the level of the problem Accepting the language of legal algebraic expressions turns out to be moderately difficult; it can’t be done using the first model of computation we discuss, but we will get to it relatively early in the book The second approach is to look at the computations themselves: to say at the outset how sophisticated the steps carried out by the computer are allowed to be, and to. .. f from A to B, we call A the domain of f and B the codomain of f The domain of a function f is the set of values x for which f (x) is defined We will say that two functions f and g are the same if and only if they have the same domain, they have the same codomain, and f (x) = g(x) for every x in the domain In some later chapters it will be convenient to refer to a partial function f from A to B, one... the description of f is its range, which is the set {f (x) | x ∈ A} (a subset of the codomain B) The range of f is the set of elements of the codomain that are actually assigned by f to elements of the domain Definition 1.7 One -to- One and Onto Functions A function f : A → B is one -to- one if f never assigns the same value to two different elements of its domain It is onto if its range is the entire set... contradiction is the opposite, a proposition that is false in every case The proposition p ∨ ¬p is a tautology, and p ∧ ¬p is a contradiction The propositions p and ¬p by themselves, of course, are neither According to the definition Ch 52 Warm-Up Name examples of biotic and abiotic factors in the environment surrounding LHS Which biomes can be found in Colorado? Define the following terms (either on separate notecards or vocab list page):  population  community  ecosystem  biosphere Warm-Up – Generating Hypotheses      Question: What type of cleaner will kill the most germs? Develop a hypothesis based on this question Be sure to include:  Independent variable (IV)  Dependent variable (DV) What will your control be? What are some things that you will keep constant between test groups? Vocab terms: biogeography, fixed action pattern, sign stimulus, kinesis, taxis, imprinting, migration CHAPTER 52 An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere You Must Know    The role of abiotic factors in the formation of biomes Features of freshwater and marine biomes Major terrestrial biomes and their characteristics Ecology: the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and the environment  The ecological study of species involves biotic and abiotic influences  Biotic = living (organisms – behaviors & interactions between organisms)  Abiotic = nonliving (temp, water, salinity, sunlight, soil) Heirarchy      Organisms Population: group of individuals of same species living in a particular geographic area Community: group of populations of different species in an area Ecosystem: community of organisms + physical factors Landscape: mosaic of connected ecosystems Climate: long-term prevailing weather conditions in a particular area   Climate = temperature + precipitation + sunlight + wind Macroclimate vs microclimate:  Macro: work at seasonal, regional or local level  Micro: small-scale environmental variation (eg under a log)  Climate change: some species may not survive shifting ranges Global Climate Patterns: Sunlight intensity Global Climate Patterns: Air Circulation & Precipitation Patterns Chaparral Temperate Grassland Northern Coniferous Forest Temperate Broadleaf Forest Tundra Lakes Wetlands Streams & Rivers Estuaries Intertidal Zones Oceanic Pelagic Zone (Open Water) Coral Reefs Marine Benthic Zone Biogeography: Biogeography geographic distribution of species  Factors:  Dispersal – movement away from area of origin  Behavior – habitat selection  Biotic factors – other species, food resources, competition, pollinators, predators  Abiotic factors – temp, water, oxygen, salinity, sunlight, rocks & soil What factors may have influenced the distribution of this species? .. .Introduction to Work and the Economy economy of a large nation with advanced technology In this chapter, we will examine different types of economic systems and how they have functioned