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Số lượng câu hỏi trong đề thi đại học không nhiều, thường chỉ giới hạn trong khoảng 5 câu. Tuy nhiên để làm được chính xác cả 5 câu đó, các sĩ tử đã phải ra sức tìm tòi, sưu tập cho đủ bộ các cấu trúc tiếng Anh từ đơn giản cho tới phức tạp. Làm thế nào để nhớ hết được các cấu trúc câu đã học? Nhiều bạn học sinh cứ miệt mài chăm chỉ ghi chép, học thuộc lòng tất cả những gì thu nhận được từ trên lớp một cách chi tiết và tỉ mỉ. Đó cũng là một chiều hướng tích cực trong việc học ngoại ngữ. Tuy nhiên, để tiết kiệm thời gian và đẩy nhanh hiệu quả học, các bạn nên có những cái nhìn tổng quát về hệ thống cấu trúc câu, các mẫu câu thường gặp. Đó là cách học thông minh, có sự phân tích kĩ lưỡng. Liên quan tới hệ thống cấu trúc câu, các bạn cần biết tới các yếu tố sau: · Chủ ngữ và vị ngữ · Cụm từ · Mệnh đề · Dấu câu · Các loại câu và chính tả · Các mẫu câu cơ bản · Việc chuyển đổi các mẫu câu · Thể câu Ở mức độ thi đại học hiện nay, các em chưa thể đi sâu nghiên cứu các yếu tố trên đây. Việc nắm được các mẫu câu cơ bản là cần thiết hơn cả. Các kí hiệu và thuật ngữ cần biết: · V-be = verb of being (động từ tobe) · LV = linking verb (hệ từ) · V-int = intransitive verb (nội động từ) · V-tr = transitive verb (ngoại động từ) · ADV/TP = adverbial of time or place (trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian hay địa điểm) · ADJ = adjective (tính từ) · NP = Noun phrase (Cụm danh từ) · subject complement: bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ · direct object: tân ngữ trực tiếp · indirect object: tân ngữ gián tiếp Trong tiếng Anh có 10 mẫu câu cơ bản sau: 1. NP1 + V-be + ADV/ TP · Động từ to be được theo sau bởi động từ chỉ địa điểm hay thời gian. My friends are here. NP1 (subject) V-be ADV/ TP · Trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian và địa điểm có thể là một cụm giới từ. My friends are at the library. NP1 (subject) V-be ADV/ TP 2. NP1 + V-be + ADJ · Động từ to be theo sau bởi một tính từ (có chức năng làm thuộc ngữ – bổ nghĩa cho chủ ngữ). His clear tenor voice was quite lovely NP1 (subject) V-be ADJ (subjective complement) · Tính từ có chức năng làm bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ có thể là một cụm giới từ. The supervisor was in a good mood today. NP1 (subject) V-be ADJ (subjective complement) 3. NP1 + V-be + NP1 · Động từ to be theo sau bởi một danh từ có chức năng làm bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ. Mr. James has bee n a teacher for forty years NP1 (subject) V-be NP1 (subjective complement) Chú ý: Cụm danh từ thứ 2 có cùng số với cụm danh từ thứ nhất vì nó cùng chỉ một chủ ngữ (Mr. James = teacher). 4. NP1 + LV + ADJ · Động từ liên kết được theo sau bởi một tính từ có chức năng làm bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ. The cake on the table looks delicious. 1 NP1 (subject) LV ADJ (subjective complement) · Tính từ này có thể là một cụm giới từ. Marianne looks like her mother. NP1 (subject) LV ADJ (subjective complement) 5. NP1 + LV + NP1 · Động từ liên kết được theo sau bởi một danh từ làm bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ. Trong đề thi trắc nghiệm đại học các bạn thường bắt gặp những câu hỏi mà cả 4 phương án A, B, C, D đều không khác nhau về nghĩa hoặc nghĩa gần tương đương nhau. Các bạn rất bối rối vì không biết phương án nào là đáp án đúng của câu. Có những từ chỉ kết hợp được với từ này mà không thể kết hợp được với từ khác – ta gọi đó là sự kết hợp từ vựng. 1.Có những nhóm từ tự do được xác định theo ngữ nghĩa gọi là nhóm từ tự do. Ví dụ: good (tốt), boy (thằng bé), bad (xấu), book (quyển sách), v.v. Có Unit 1: HOME LIFE Exercise 1: Hãy chọn câu trả lời nhất: My mother works _a nurse in a big hospital She examines the patients A for B as C in D at She had to work on _last night, so she is very tired this morning A the roof B the table C the bed D night shift My father is very busy with his work at the office He usually comes home very _at night A late B early C on time D past My mother _very early in the morning to prepare our breakfast A cries B sleeps C gets up D stays up My mother is a _woman She does all the household chores to make us more comfortable A caring B careless C harmful D boring In my free-time, I often help mom with _the house A to clean B clean C cleaning D cleans I take responsibility to _my little brothers because they are sometimes very naughty A look after B get up C sit down D shut up My responsibility is to wash dishes and _the garbage A take off B take out C take care of D take over My brothers love joining my dad in _things around the house at weekends A mend B mended C to mend D mending 10 Whenever problems come up, we discuss frankly and find _quickly A solve B solution C solved D to solve 11 Mai is my closest friend We are always willing to _feelings to each other A tear B cut C share D shake 12 My family is the base from which we can go into the world with _ A confide B confidence C confident D confiding 13 I like doing _such as cooking, washing and cleaning the house A house-keeper B white house C lord of house D household chores 14 My father is a _He often does researches with animals and plants A botanist B biologist C chemist D mathematician 15 In my family, both my parents _to give us a nice house and a happy home A join hands B get out C shake hands D clutch hands 16 My brothers are often very _to what I say They are really lovable A obey B obedience C obedient D obstacle 17 Unlike most men, my uncle likes _very much I like his eel soup very much A having a shower B drinking beer C playing cards D cooking 18 My responsibility is to _my little brothers A take care of B join hands C take over D work together 19 Although my father is very busy, he tries _much time taking care of his children A to spend B spending C to get up D getting up 20 My father is very helpful He is always _give a hand with cleaning the house A will to B will C willing D willing to Exercise 2: Hãy xác định câu có phần gạch cần sửa lại cho đúng: My brothers love joining my dad in to mend things around the house at weekends A B C D I am now in my attempt winning a place at the same university to my brother A B C D My mother works in a doctor in a big hospital She examines the patients A B C D My responsibility is to wash dishes and take off the garbage A B C D In my free-time, I often help mom with cooking the house A B C D My father and my mom joins hands to give us safety, security and happy family A B C D Once a week, my mother have to work on a night shift at hospital A B C D His eel soup is the best one I have ever eat A B C D I’m now under study pressure, so I feel very fine all the time A B C D 10 After hospital, my mother rushes to the market, then hurried home for the dinner A B C D Exercise 3: Hãy đọc đoạn văn chọn câu trả lời cho chỗ trống tương ứng sau: The United States has many different types of families While most American families are traditional, (1) _ a father, a mother and one or more children, 22 percent of all American families in 1998 were headed by one parent, usually a woman In a few families in the United States, there are no children These (2) _ couples may believe that they would not make good parents; they may want freedom from responsibilities of childbearing; or, perhaps they (3) _ physically able to have children Other families in the United States have one adult (4) _ a stepparent A stepmother or stepfather is a person who joins a family by marrying a father or a mother Americans tolerate and accept these different types of families In the United States people have right to privacy and Americans not believe in telling other Americans what type of family group they must belong to They respect each other’s choices regarding family groups Families are very important (5) _ Americans A consist of B consisting of C consisting D including of A childish B childlike C childless D childhood A are not B can’t C couldn’t D weren’t A who is B is C which is D which has A for B of C in D to Exercise 4: Hãy đọc đoạn văn chọn câu trả lời cho chỗ trống tương ứng sau: One evening Dr Peterson was at a party A woman came up to him and began to talk about her back "Its very painful (1) _ I've worked for a long time in my garden", the woman said "You've hurt it by bending for too long", Dr Peterson replied He than showed her (2) _ to some exercises However, (3) _ the woman left he felt very angry He went up to a friend of his who was a lawyer He told him about (4) _ the woman and asked him for his advice "Do you ...Mẹo làm bài thi trắc nghiệm đại học môn tiếng Anh !"#$%&'(')*+ ,-.)/0$1)2-342'56789: -/- ! "#$%&'(!)*$+,$$-!. )& (!/##0123$)(!$45$/ !$ $,067 '8 !9$:/;7: !<+' 2 ,$-=$</ !>$'?9$$"!&012) ($'25&48@)A$0 <: !>$'B7>:C DEF$,//G$, DEH. DI ! DJ DE)/4+ DE?K+ DL !7=? D6 M(! !:7'N:$ 7> 70L !O?K+)BK+0 Cc k hiêu và thuât ng! c"n biết: DLPNQ/NRN$S(!$.NT DLQ)8$/NS !.T DLPQ:/N/NS(!(!$.T DLPQ:/N/NS$(!$.T DUJLV6WQ:X/N:)RN&):NS$$,#9$::7G:T DUJYQ:XZN/NS4.T DWQ&:NSEHX:.T DZN&)NNC=$,F$, DXNZNC$,5& DXNZNC$,$& Trong tiếng Anh c% 10 m(u câu cơ b*n sau: 1. NP1 + V-be + ADV/ TP D1(!$.NN:[(!$.#G::79$:0 ; <=>) .= == W\SZNT LPN UJLV6W D6$$,#9$:/G:2)(!H$.0 ; <=>) .= .=4. W\SZNT LPN UJLV6W 2. NP1 + V-be + ADJ D1(!$.NN:[(!4.S2"$)(!$,]=$@: F$,T0 http://kinhhoa.violet.vn 1 ?)=.= @= A.) B= @= W\SZNT LPN UJYSZN/N&)NNT D64.2"$)=$,F$,2)(!H$.0 =)-=@) A.) .>$> >. W\SZNT LPN UJYSZN/N &)NNT 3. NP1 + V-be + NP1 D1(!$.NN:[(!X:.2"$)=$,F$,0 ;C.$=) . ) 4== . =.= << =.) W\SZNT LPN W\SZN/N &)NNT E^CEHX:._2`$>/HX:./-2`$#(! F$,SI0Y:NQN:NT0 4. NP1 + LV + ADJ D1(!$.) 8N:[(!4.2"$)=$,F $,0 =.= =.4= ) >=) W\SZNT L UJYSZN/N &)NNT D64.72)(!H$.0 ;..= ) ==$= W\SZNT L UJYSZN/N &)NNT 5. NP1 + LV + NP1 D1(!$.) 8N:[(!X:.)=$,F$,0 DE$'44DF-G$# H-:'8IJK'.@*.F*.L ::.J'454@047-:'##'- '63.J(G97-@9# $#"7 -@9'M.(#)N7-9@N 1.C% nh!ng nh%m từ tự do được xc định theo ng! nghĩa gọi là nh%m từ tự do. Grade 12 THE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION Page 1 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress in each of the following questions. 1. A. generous B. electricity C. horrible D. famous 2. A. mathematics B. history C. literature D. physics 3. A. overweight B. popular C. beautiful D. tomorrow 4. A. invention B. complexion C. tradition D. question 5. A. economy B. village C. interest D. industry Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. 6. We _____ for three hours and are very tired. A. are walking B. have been walking C. were walking D. had been walking 7. The policeman explained to us___________________get to the market. A. how B. how could C. how we could D. how could we 8. _______________________ from Bill, all the students said they would go. A. Except B. Only C. Apart D. Separate 9. Not until a monkey is several years old___________to exhibit signs of independence from its mother. A. beginning B. does it begin C. and begin D. it begins 10. At the election you must mark your paper, fold it and drop it in to the ________box A. voting B. ballot C. selection D. nomination 11. Had the drought not lowered the reservoir the ancient village_______________________ A. wouldn't be discovered B. wouldn't have been discovered C. can't have been discovered D. can't be discovered 12. “Never say that again, __________________________” A. won’t you B. do you C. don’t you D. will you 13. Mary: “ Do you think it will rain ? “ Jenny: “Oh ! ________” A. I don’t hope. B. I hope not. C. I don’t hope so D. It’s hopeless 14. It is believed _____________ causes insomnia. A. too much caffeine which B. that too much caffeine C. it in too much caffeine D. too much caffeine that 15. The train accident _____________ the other train’s departure by a few hours. A. sent back B. called off C. delayed D. retained 16. Not only________ much bigger than any other planets, but unlike the planets, it consists completely of gaseous material. A. Sun is B. the Sun, which is C. is the Sun D. that the Sun 17. - “ More coffee?, Anybody?” - “ ______________________________.” A. I don’t agree, I’m afraid B. Yes, I’d love to C. Yes, please D. It’s right, I think 18. ____________ to the national park before, Sue was amazed to see the geyser. A. Being not B. Not having been C. Have not been D. Having not been 19. She has to pass all her exams or _____________she would have no holiday. A. instead B. else C. therefore D. though 20. We have had the roof of our house __________________________ A. to replace B. replace C. replaced D. been replaced 21. From the hotel there is a good ___________________________of the mountains. A. vision B. view C. sight D. picture 22. If you require any more ______________________about the holiday, please telephone us. A. description B. information C. news D. fact 23. He __________________________me to believe that they had left the district. Grade 12 THE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION Page 2 A. made B. led C. assured D. confirmed 24. He was completely_________________________by her tale of hardship. A. taken away B. taken down C. taken in D. taken up 25. He lost his job_____________________________no fault of his own. A. through B. by C. with D. over 26. Sarah is a young girl with________ and a straight nose. A. almond-shaped eyes B. almond-eyed shape C. eyes shaped almond D. almond-shape eyed 27. You shouldn't ___________ to your teacher like that. It was very rude. A. have talked B. talk C. have be talked D. talked 28. Old houses have a_____________________________to be draughty. A. tendency B. habit C. problem D. characteristic 29. Oh, no! My wallet has been __________________________________ A. robbed B. picked C. stolen D. theft 30. There's someone at the door Name: Class: Basis No 1 VERB TENSES Mark Exercise 1 1. The wedding party________ at the Rex Hotel. a. is b. is being c. will be d. is going to be 2. How many languages_____ John speak? a. do b. does c. did d. will 3. Hurry! The train________ I don't want to miss it. a. comes b. is coming c. came d. has come 4. Angelina Jolie is a famous actress. She ________ in several film. a. appears b. is appearing c. appeared d. has appeared 5. I saw Maggie at the party. She ________ in several film. a. wears b. wore c. was wearing d. has worn 6. What time________ the next train leave? a. does b. will c. shall d. would 7. Monica________ with her sister at the moment until she finds a flat. a. stays b. is staying c. will stay d. is going to stay 8. After I________ lunch, I looked for my bag. a. had b. had had c. have has d. have had 9. By the end of next year, George________ English for 2 years. a. will have learned b. will learn c. has leaned d. would learn 10. The man got out of the car,_______ round to the back and opened the boot. a. walking b. walked c. walks d. walk 11. For several years his ambition ________ to be a pilot. a. is b. has been c. was d. had been 12. Henry________ into the restaurant when the writer was having dinner. a. was going b. went c. has gone d. did go 13. He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he ________ dinner. a. finish b. finishes c. will finish d. shall have finished 14. Before you asked, the letter________ a. was written b. had been written c. had written d. has been written 15. She ________ English at RMIT these days. a. studies b. is studying c. will study d. is gong to study 16. She's at her best when she________ big decisions. a. is making b. makes c. had made d. will make 17. We________ next vacation in London. a. spend b. are spending c. will spend d. are going to spend 18. Robert________ tomorrow morning on the 10:30 train. a. arrived b. is arriving c. has arrived d. would arrive 19. Look! The bus________ a. left b. has left c. leaves d. is leaving 20. Mike________ one hour ago. a. phoned b. was phoning c. had phoned d. has phoned 1c 2b 3b 4d 5c 6a 7b 8b 9a 10b 1 11b 12b 13b 14b 15b 16a 17b 18b 19d 20a Exercise 2 1. I shall be glad when he________ a. had gone b. did go c. went d. had gone 2. Ask her to come ad see me when she ________ her work. a. finish b. has finished c. finished d. finishing 3. After you finish your work, you________ a break. a. should take b. have taken c. might have taken d. takes 4. Oil________ if you pour it on water a. floated b. floats c. will be floated d. float 5. When he returned home, he found the door________. a. unlocking b. unlocked c. to be unlocked d. have unlocked 6. That dancing club________ north of the city a. lays b. lies c. locates d. lain 7. Almost everyone________ for home by the time we arrived. a. leave b. left c. leaves d. had left 8. By the age of 25, he ________ two famous novels. a. wrote b. writes c. has written d. had written 9. While her husband was in the army, Janet________ to him twice a week. a. was writing b. wrote c. was written d. had written 10. I couldn't cut the grass because the machine_______ a few days previously. a. broken down b. has been broken c. had broke down d. breaks down 11. We ________English this time last week. a. learned b. were learning c. have learned d. had learned 12. Is it raining? - No, it isn't but the ground is wet. It________ a. rained b. had rained c. has rained d. has been raining 13. Her family________ to America before 1975. a. went b. have gone c. had gone d. would go 14. When I arrived at the party, Martha________ home already. a. went b. have gone c. had gone d. would go 15. Henry________ for 10 years when he finally gave it up. a. has smoked b. has been smoking c. had smoked d. had been smoking' 16. Yesterday morning I got up and looked out of the window. The sun was shinning but the ground was very wet. It________ a. rained b. has been raining c. had rained d. had been ÔN THI HSG TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8 1. We must hand in the exercise _______ o'clock. A. before B. between C. on D. in 2. I'll try my _______ to improve my French. A. better B. good C. best D. well 3. My mother told me to study _______ . A. hardly B. good C. bad D. hard 4. Mai _____ the book at home. A. left B. leave C. live D. lived 5. We'll organize a party _______ 27th May. A. between B. in C. on D. at 6. He used to _______ football when he was a kid. A. plays B. playing C. played D. play 7. Each of us _______ a new bag. A. have B. having C. are having D. has 8. Lan is Mr Sang's _______ . A. assist B. assistant C. assistance D. assisting 9. Helen is my aunt's daughter. She's my_______. A. sister B. nephew C. cousin D. niece 10. My grandma ______ us when my parents were away from home. A. looked at B. looked for C. looked afterD. looked in 11. He had to do everything without the help of _________. A. modern equipments B. modern equipment C. equipment modern D. equipments modern 12. The step mother was very _________ the little poor girl. A. cruel with B. cruel to C. cruel of D. cruel for 13. The beautiful girl finally got ________ the prince. A. married to B. married with C. married D. married at 14. Are there enough apples for us to have one_________? A. every B. each C. self D. individually 15. The room was_______ of strangers A. full B. complete C. crowded D. filled 16. Why don’t you ______ your brother repair your computer? – He’s too busy. A. have B. ask C. advise D. get 17. I was reading a newspaper______ he came. A. while B. when C. at times D. since 18. I think we should organize some shows to ______ the fund for the poor. A. collect B. bring C. offer D. raise 19. Would you like me to get you something to drink? - ______ A. No, I’m sorry B. That’s too bad C. My pleasure D. That would be nice 20. More and more people are ______about protecting the environment nowadays. A. proud B. interested C. concerned D. fond 21. Would you ______ helping me move this table? – No, of course not. A. please B. mind C. suggest D. prefer 22. There is nothing ______ to do in this small town. A. exciting B. amazed C. excite D. excitedly 23. Could you please ______ me the way to the nearest bank? – Yes, sure. A. explain B. show C. say D. talk 24. I still can’t believe it. My bike ______ last night. A. were stolen B. was stolen C. has been stolen D. stolen 25. Nga asked me ______ Ha Long Bay was in northern Viet Nam. A. if B. whether C. that D. A or B 26. Mrs Psyche Kennett has been living in Viet Nam ______ five years. A. for B. since C. in D. on 27. We would go camping ______ the weather were fine. A. although B. if C. unless D. but 28. He won’t pass the exam ______ he works hard. A. if B. or C. whether D. unless 29. Playing football is one way ______ spending free time in England. A. of B. at C. on D. to 30. My father often goes fishing ______ Sundays. A. with B. at C. on D. in 31. Fresh air is ______ great use to our health. A. in B. of C. at D. about 32. He was born ______ 1988. A. on B. for C. in D. since 33. They were the children ______ won the match yesterday. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose 34. Nobody has ______ done this before. A. any B. not C. never D. ever 35. He spent his ______ life in the countryside. A. complete B. total C. whole D. all 36. I’m lucky enough ______ a lot of friends. A. to have B. having C. have D. has 37. Yesterday, Hoa ______ Nien a letter. A. send B. sent C. sends D. to send 38. She ______ a movie tonight. A. see B. seeing C. is going to see D. saw 39. You will have to ______ dinner yourself. A. cooking B. cook C. to cook D. cooks 40. It only takes one ______ to cause a fire. A. book B. tree C. match D. lamp 41. Can you help me ______ my bags? A. carry B. carried C. carries D. carring 42. They ______ here since last week. A. lived B. live C. living D. have lived 43. My Dad ______ for his company for 20 years. A. hasn’t worked B. worked C. works D. to work 44. Lipton tea is ... preparing 17 I haven’t seen him for months A It’s months since I last saw him B It’s months when I last saw him C It’s months before I last saw him D It’s months after I last saw him 18 Tim ... ) _ A their children’s making a lot of money in the future B one day seeing their children become famous people C one day living on their children’s money D a bright future for their children... has done B went/ had done C goes/ have done D goes/ did 46 He is the most wonderful person I A have ever met B had ever met C ever meet D am meeting 47 Millions of dollars spent on advertising