Rewrite the following sentences using suitable conditionalsentences 1.You can earn alot of monney by working over time.(if) 2. Work hard and you will succeed.(if) 3. Be careful or you will fall down.(unless) 4. Listen to the teacher attentively or you won’t understand the lesson. (unless) 5. Take your father’s advice and you will be successful.(if) 6. You can speak English perfectly by practising it every day.(if) 7. Book now and you will get a 10% reduction. (if) 8. Behave yourself or your parents will be unhappy. (unless) 9. You do the shopping and I will cook lunch. (if) 10. Working too much will make me tired. (if) 11. Be calm or you will fail the driving test. ((if) 12. You can finish your work by staying up late. (if) 13. I don’t have a car so I have to go to work by bus. (if) 14. I am very busy so I can’t come to see you. (if) 15. He doesn’t know English so he can’t understand them. (if) 16. She is very young so she can’t understand this. (if). 17. She eats too much so she is overweight. (if) 18. He doesn’t play well so he can’t get into the team. (if) 19. We can’t take the car because I can’t drive.(if) 20. You work too fast , that’s why you make so many mistakes.(if) 21.People drive so fast . that’s why there are so many accidents. (if) 22. She isn’t here so she can’t give us any advice. (if) 23. He doesn’t work overtime so he can’t earn as much as I do. (if) 24. I haven’t the right change so we can’t get tickets from the machine. (if) 25. I am in a hurry. I won’t stay to dinner. (if) 26. I didn’t know your number so I didn’t ring.(if) 27. We didn’t go by air only because we didn’t have enough money. (if) 28. I didn’t enjoy school, so I didn’t do very well. (if) 29. John ate too much birthday cake so he was sick. (if) 30. My father didn’t earn much money, so life wasn’t easy for us. (if) 31. The house didn’t burn down because the fire bridgade came immediately. (if) 32. I had an accident because I wasn’t watching the road. (if) 33. I wasn’t sweating because it was so hot. (if) 34. The men were wearing protective clothing, so they were all quite safe. (if) 35. He wasn’t looking where he was going. That’s why he was run over. (if) 36. We missed the train because we were using an out of date timetable. (if) 37. They weren’t wearing lifejackets. Perhaps that’s why they were drawn. (if) 38. We came home from our holiday very early because we ran out of money. 9if) 39. I didn’t see the signal so I didn’t stop. (if) 40. He didn’t know you were in hospital, so he didn’t visit you. (if) 41. I didn’t work hard at school so I didn’t get a good job when I left. (if) 42. It was raining so I didn’t take the children to the beach. (if) 43. We didn’t have time so we didn’t visit the museum. (if) 44. John missed the ferry because his car broke down. (if) 45. He didn’t wear gloves so the police caught him. (if) 46. The flats are not clearly numbered so it is very difficult to find anyone. (if) 47. I can’t park near my office so I don’t come by car. (if) 48. They speak French to her, not English, so her English doesn’t improve. (if) 49. I live near my office, so I don’t spend much time travelling to work .(if) 50. She is very shy so she doesn’t enjoy parties. (if) 51. I haven’t got enough money so I can’t buy this new car. (if) 52. We can know the result of the exam but we have to phone Mr John.(provided) 53.She got good marks because she was very hard-working.(if) I. Choose the best word to complete the sentences: 1. If it…………………, I shall take an umbrella with me. (rain, rained, rains, will rain) 2. You ……this test if you don’t work hard. (will never pass, do never pass, never pass, pass) 3. She can do if she………….(tries, tried , trying, has tried) 4. If you broke the window, you………….to pay for it. (will have, would have , had, can have) 5. If I …me tomorrow, I would be able to give you the answer. (asks, will ask, would ask, asked) 6. If I ………you, I ……… her advice. (was/take, were/will take, am/ took, were / CONDITIONALSENTENCESI A Compare these examples: (1) LISA: Shall we go by bus or by train? JESS: If we go by bus, it will be cheaper For Jess, it is possible that they will go by bus, so she says: - If we go by bus, it will be (2) Lisa and Jess decide to go by train Later, Jess talks to Joe JOE: How are you going to travel? JESS: We're going by train If we went by bus, it would be cheaper, but the train is quicker Now Jess knows they are not going to travel by bus, so she says: - If we went by bus, it would be … (not If we go ) When we imagine something that will not happen, or we don't expect that it will happen, we use if+ past (if we went / if there was I / if you found etc.) But the meaning is not past: - What would you if you won a lot of money? (we don't really expect this to happen) - If there was (or were) an election tomorrow, who would you vote for? Compare if I find and if I found: - I think I left my watch at your house If you find it, If I won a lot of money can you call me? but If you found a wallet in the street, what would you with it?' B We not normally use would in the if-part of the sentence: - I'd be very scared if somebody pointed a gun at me (not if somebody would point) - If we went by bus, it would be cheaper (not If we would go) But you can use if would when you ask somebody to something: (from a formal letter) - I would be grateful if you would let me know your decision as soon as possible C In the other part of the sentence (not the if-part) we use would ('d) I wouldn't: - What would you if you were bitten by a snake? - I'm not going to bed yet I'm not tired If I went to bed now, I wouldn't sleep - Would you mind if I used your phone? Could and might are also possible: - If I won a lot of money, I might buy a house (= it is possible that I would buy a house) - If it stopped raining, we could go out (= we would be able to go out) PTBM PRACTICE I What you say in these situations? Of course you don't expect to win the lottery Which you say? a If I win the lottery, I'll buy a big house b If I won the lottery, I'd buy a big house (b is correct) You're not going to sell your car because it's old and not worth much Which you say? a If I sell my car, I won't get much money for it b If I sold my car, I wouldn't get much money for it You often see Sarah A friend of yours wants to contact her Which you say? a If I see Sarah, I'll tell her to call you b If I saw Sarah, I'd tell her to call you You don't expect that there will be a fire in the building W hich you say? a What will you if there is a fire in the building? b What would you if there was a fire in the building? You've never lost your passport You can only imagine it a I don't know what I'll if I lose my passport b I don't know what I'd if I lost my passport Somebody stops you and asks the way to a bank Which you say? a If you go right at the end of this street, you'll see a bank on your left b If you went right at the end of this street, you'd see a bank on your left You're in a lift There is an emergency button Nobody is going to press it Which you say? a What will happen if somebody presses that button? b What would happen if somebody pressed that button? II Put the verb into correct form I'd be very scared if somebody pointed (point) a gun at me I can't afford to buy a car If I (buy) a car, I'd have to borrow the money Don't lend Amy your car If she (ask) me, I wouldn't lend her mine If the computer factory closed down, many people (lose) their jobs I don't think Gary and Emma will get married I (be) amazed if they did What would you if you .(be) in a lift and it .(stop) between floors? If somebody (give) me £10,000, I have) a very long holiday III Write sentences beginning If We've decided not to cat ch the 10.30 train (arrive too early) If we caught the 10.30 train, we'd arrive too early Kevin is not going to his driving test now (fail) If he We've decided not to stay at a hotel (cost too much) If Sally isn't going to leave her job (not I get another one) EXTRA COURSE 11 CONDITONAL SENTENCES We've decided not to invite Ben to t he party (have to invite his friends too) I'm not going to tell him what happened (not I believe me) IV Use your own ideas to complete these sentences If I won a lot of money, I'd beveryangry if If you bought a car, I'd be surprised if Would you mind if V Complete each sentence giving computer advice , so that it has the same meaning as the first sentence Don't press that button on the keyboard, or you'll lose what you've written If you press that button on the keyboard, you'll lose what you've written Make a back-up copy of your work or you'll lose it You won't You need virus protection to avoid having problems with your computer If you don't Sitting too long at the computer will make your back and arms ache You Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs, or you ... Dong son I Upper Secondary School REVISION OF CONDITIONALSENTENCES I- Choose the most suitable tense 1- I can’t understand what he sees in her! If anyone treats / will treat / treated me like that, I am / will be / would be extremely angry. 2- If you help / helped me with this exercise, I will do / would do the same for you one day. 3- According to the timetable, if the train leaves / left on time, we will / would arrive at 5.30. 4- If it is / will be fine tomorrow, we go / will go to the coast. 5- If we find / found a taxi, we will get / would get there before the play starts. 6- It’s quite simple really. If you take / will take / took these tablets every day, then you lose / will lose / lost / would lose weight. 7- I don’t like this flat. I think I will be / I am / I’d be happier if I lived / live / will live / would live in a house in the country. 8- I can’t play football, but I’m sure that if I will do / do / did, I play / will play / would play a lot better than anyone in this awful team. 9- I phone / will phone / phone you tonight, are you / will you be / would you be in? 10- Why didn’t you tell me? – If you told / had told me, I had / would have helped you. 11- If Bill didn’t stea l/ hadn’t stolen the car, he weren’t / wouldn’t be / hadn’t been in prison now. 12- If Ann weren’t driving / didn’t drive / hadn’t driven so fast, her car didn’t crash / wouldn’t crash / wouldn’t have crashed into a tree. 13- Let me give some advice. If you smoked / would smoke / had smoked less, you didn’t feel / wouldn’t feel / wouldn’t have felt tired. 14- What bad luck! If Alan didn’t fall / hadn’t fallen / wouldn’t fall over, he won / would win / would have won the race. 15- If you invited/had invited me last week, I was able/had been able/would have been able to come. 16- I’m sure your letter hasn’t arrived yet. If it came/had come, I’m sure I noticed/had noticed/would have noticed it. 17- We have a suggestion to make. How do you feel/would you feel if we offered/would offer/had offered you the job of assistant manager. 18- If you lent/had lent us the money, we paid/would pay/had paid you back next week. 19- I wish Peter doesn’t live/didn’t live/wouldn’t live so far away from the town center. We’ll have to take a taxi. 20- I feel rather cold. I wish I brought/had brought my pullover with me. 21- I wish you tell/had told/told me about the test. I haven’t done my revision. 22- I’m sorry I missed your birthday party. I really wish I come/came/had come/would come. 23- I like my new boss but I wish she gave/would give/could give me some more responsibility. 24- Having a lovely time in Brighton, I wish you are/were/had been here. Love, Mary. 25- A cheque is all right, but I’d rather you pay/paid me cash. 26- If only I have/had/would have a screwdriver with me. 1 27- If you want to catch the last train, it’s time you leave/left 28- I’d rather you don’t tell/didn’t tell anyone about our conversation. 29- It’s high time you learn/learned to look after yourself. 30- Jean thinks that everyone likes her. If only she knows/knew what people say behind her back. II- Put each verb in bracket into a suitable tense 1- It’s a pity you missed the party. If you (come)…….you (meet)………… my friend from Hungary. 2- If we (have)…… some tools, we (be)……….able to repair the car, but we haven’t had any with us. 3- Thank you for your help. If you (not help)………me, I (not pass)……….the examination. 4- It’s a beautiful house, and I (buy)……….it if I (have)………the money, but I can’t afford it. 5- I can’t imagine what I (do)……… with the money if I (win) ……….the football pools or a lottery. 6- Mark isn’t a serious athlete. If he (train)…………harder, he (be)…….quite a good runner. 7- If Claire (listen)………to her mother, she (not marry)……….David in the first place. 8- It rained every day in our holiday. If we (not take)……… the TV with us, we (not have) anything to do. 9- Jim is so untidy! If he (buy)………some new clothes, he (not look) so bad. 10- I wish Conditionalsentences Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct forms. 1. If I (have) .time, I will write to him. 2. If it’s cold, I (need) a heavier coat. 3. What are you going to do if you (have) a holiday? 4. If I can go tomorrow, I (let) you know. 5. If I should meet Helen, I (give) her your message. 6. If flowers don’t get any water, they (die) . 7. If I (get) .a headache, I usually take some aspirins. 8. I will go to the party unless it (rain) . 9. She will buy the car as long as it (not be) .too expensive. 10. Everything (be) .provided you tell the truth. 11. If he (come) ., please tell him that I’ll be back in a few minutes. 12. Don’t come if they (not call) .you. 13. If you (need) , why don’t you tell me? 14. Suppose you (win) a lot of money, what would you do? 15. If I got up earlier, I (not be) late for work. 16. If I didn’t feel so tired, I (go) .out with you. 17. If you (not pass) . the exam, would you take it again? 18. If I (be) . you, I would apply for the job. 19. I could repair the car if I (have) the right tools. 20. If I (study) .hard, I would have passed the exam. 21. If I (not be) busy yesterday, I would have visited you. 22. She (go) to the university if she had had the opportunity. 23. Suppose they had offered her a job, do you think she (take) .it? 24. If she hadn’t been ill yesterday, she (go) to work now. 25. If I (be) you, I wouldn’t have told him the truth yesterday. 26. If today were Monday, I (not go) to work yesterday. 27. What would happen if you (not go) to work tomorrow. 28. If I had gone to yoour party last night, I (be) .very tired now. Exercise 2: Put each verb in brackets into a suitable tense. 1. Why didn’t you phone? If I (know) .you were coming, I (meet) . you at the airport. 2. It’s a pity you missed the party. If you (come) , you(meet) . my friends from Hungary. 3. If we (have) .some tools, we (be able) to repair the car, but we haven’t got any with us. 4. Thank you for your help. If you (not help) ., I (not pass) the examination. 5. It’s a beautiful house, and I (buy) it if I (have) the money, but I can’t afford it. 6. I can’t imagine what I (do) with the money If I (win) the football pools or a lottery. 7. Mark isn’t a serious athlete. If he (train) .harder, he (be) .quite a good runner. 8. If Claire (listen) .to her mother, she (not marry) David in the first place. 9. It rained every day on our holiday. If we (not take) the television with us, we (not have) anything to do. 10. Jim is so untidy! If he (buy) .some new clothes, he (not look) .so bad. Exercise 3: Rewrite these sentences, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same. 1. I don’t buy it because I don’t have enough money. ----> If I 2. I didn’t buy it because I didn’t have enough money. ----> I would 3. There was a test yesterday. I didn’t know that, so I didn’t study for it. ----> If I 4. I’m busy right now, so I can’t help you. ----> I could . 5. He’s very thin, that’s why he feels the cold so much. ----> If he . 6. I didn’t eat breakfast several hours ago, so I am hungry now. ----> If I 7. If John had played for our football team, we would not have lost the game. ----> Unless 8. W W E E L L C C O O M M E E E E V V E E R R Y Y O O N N E E Choose the best answer for each sentence Choose the best answer for each sentence 1. He works 1. He works I do. I do. a.as hard as a.as hard as b.as hardly as b.as hardly as c.more hard than c.more hard than d.so hard as d.so hard as 2. Her husband is twice 2. Her husband is twice she is. she is. a.as old as a.as old as b.the older than b.the older than c.more old than c.more old than d.oldest than d.oldest than 3. Pick out the correct comparative: 3. Pick out the correct comparative: a.I have less books and money than you. a.I have less books and money than you. b.I have fewer books and money than you. b.I have fewer books and money than you. c.I have less books and fewer money than you. c.I have less books and fewer money than you. d.I have fewer books and less money than you. d.I have fewer books and less money than you. Choose the best answer for each sentence Choose the best answer for each sentence 1. He works 1. He works I do. I do. a.as hard as a.as hard as b.as hardly as b.as hardly as c.more hard than c.more hard than d.so hard as d.so hard as 2. Her husband is twice 2. Her husband is twice she is. she is. a.as old as a.as old as b.the older than b.the older than c.more old than c.more old than d.oldest than d.oldest than 3. Pick out the correct comparative: 3. Pick out the correct comparative: a.I have less books and money than you. a.I have less books and money than you. b.I have fewer books and money than you. b.I have fewer books and money than you. c.I have less books and fewer money than you. c.I have less books and fewer money than you. d.I have fewer books and less money than you. d.I have fewer books and less money than you. Choose the best answer for each sentence Choose the best answer for each sentence 1. He works 1. He works I do. I do. a.as hard as a.as hard as b.as hardly as b.as hardly as c.more hard than c.more hard than d.so hard as d.so hard as 2. Her husband is twice 2. Her husband is twice she is. she is. a.as old as a.as old as b.the older than b.the older than c.more old than c.more old than d.oldest than d.oldest than 3. Pick out the correct comparative: 3. Pick out the correct comparative: a.I have less books and money than you. a.I have less books and money than you. b.I have fewer books and money than you. b.I have fewer books and money than you. c.I have less books and fewer money than you. c.I have less books and fewer money than you. d.I have fewer books and less money than you. d.I have fewer books and less money than you. Choose the best answer for each sentence Choose the best answer for each sentence 1. He works 1. He works I do. I do. a.as hard as a.as hard as b.as hardly as b.as hardly as c.more hard than c.more hard than d.so hard as d.so hard as 2. Her husband is twice 2. Her husband is twice she is. she is. a.as old as a.as old as b.the older than b.the older than c.more old than c.more old than d.oldest than d.oldest than 3. Pick out the correct comparative: 3. Pick out the correct comparative: a.I have less books and money than you. a.I have less books and money than you. b.I have fewer books and money than you. b.I have fewer books and money than you. c.I have less books and fewer money than you. c.I have less books and fewer money than you. d.I have fewer books and less money than you. d.I have fewer books and less money than you. If we If we put put an ice in the air, it an ice in the air, it melts melts . . 1.THE ZERO CONDITIONAL 1.THE ZERO CONDITIONAL It is used for a fact It is used for a fact I/ Complete the sentences with the verbs in parentheses. 1. If she (read) in bad light, she’ll ruin her eyes. 2. He’ll be late for the bus if he (not start) at once. 3. Jim isn’t at hone right now. If he (be) at home, I (visit) him. 4. Fred failed the test because he didn’t study. However, if he (study) for the test, he (pass) it. 5. If I (know) that there was a test yesterday, I (study). 6. If you have enough time, please (paint) the chair before you leave. 7. I (accept) if they invite me to the party. 8. Had we known your address, we (write) you a letter. 9. If you (do) as I told, you (succeed). 10. If you come here in Spring, you (have) a chance to go to the village fair. 11. I could understand the French teacher if she (speak) more slowly. 12. We could go for drive if today (be) Sunday. 13. If your mother (buy) that motorcycle for you, will you be happy? 14. If I (see) the movie last night, I (tell) you about it. 15. I will ring the bell once more. If he (not answer), I think he (must go) out. 16. If I made a promise, I (keep) it. 17. He described the accident as if he (see) himself. 18. We’re going to play tennis this afternoon if it (stop) raining. 19. If I had asked you, (you/ accept). 20. If he (come), please (tell) me. 21. You were late last night. If you (arrive) ten minutes earlier, you (get) a seat. 22. If I (realize) that the traffic lights were red, I (stop). 23. If you (go) to Paris, where (you/ stay)? 24. She won’t open the door unless she (know) who it is. 25. If you (must) go abroad now, what (you/ do)? 26. I (not lend) him the money if you (tell) me that he never paid his debts. 27. If I can speak two languages last year, I (get) a good job. 28. If there (be) no sunshine, we all (die) soon. 29. You shouldn’t believe it if you (not see) it with your own eyes. 30. I (not do) that if I (be) you. 31. What (you/ do) if you (be) in my situation? 32. If I finish my research before Friday, I (send) it to my teacher. 33. If I (understand) my problem, I would have asked for your help. 34. I don’t have money now. If I (have) money, I (lend) you some. 35. If she (study) harder, she (not fail) her exam like that. 36. If I (can) speak Japanese, I (go) to Japan next year. 37. If you (continue) to interrupt me, I (not say) anymore. 38. She couldn’t have gone abroad if her parents (let) her study what she liked. 39. If you have lost your key, you (have) to buy another one. 40. If the medicine (be) good, she (be) well soon. II. Rewrite the following sentences. 1. He works hard and he will pass the exam. - If he ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… . 2. He didn’t pass the exam because he didn’t work hard. - If …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. We can avoid waiting by booking the tickets in advance. - If …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. She didn’t hurry, so she missed the train. - If …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. They wanted to buy the house, but they hadn’t have enough money. - If …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. We must go or we’ll be late. - If …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7. He was planning to go to the teacher training college but his father died. - If …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8. They didn’t follow the map, so they got lost. - If …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9. I’m having a lot of troubles now because I lost my passport last week. - If …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10. I would to be rich and famous. - If only ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11. I’ll only help you if you promise to try harder. - Unless ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12. The flat is very noisy but they enjoy living there. - Even ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13. I was drowning, but he saved me. - If he ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… . 14. If it doesn’t rain soon, millions of pound’s worth of crops will be lost. - If …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 15. When ... somebody broke into my house If you bought a car, it would cost you a lot to maintain it I' d be surprised if the economic situation improved Would you mind if I didn't go out with you tonight? V .you... have to invite his friends too (or) we would have to If I told him what happened, he wouldn't believe me IV Possible answers: If I won a lot of money, I' d buy a new car I' d be very angry if somebody... We've decided not to invite Ben to t he party (have to invite his friends too) I' m not going to tell him what happened (not I believe me) IV Use your own ideas to complete these sentences