Pietrowska et al. Journal of Translational Medicine 2010, 8:66 http://www.translational-medicine.com/content/8/1/66 Open Access RESEARCH © 2010 Pietrowska et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Com- mons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduc- tion in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Research Mass spectrometry-based analysis of therapy-related changes in serum proteome patterns of patients with early-stage breast cancer Monika Pietrowska †1 , Joanna Polanska †2 , Lukasz Marczak 3 , Katarzyna Behrendt 1 , Elzbieta Nowicka 1 , Maciej Stobiecki 3 , Andrzej Polanski 2,4 , Rafal Tarnawski 1 and Piotr Widlak* 1 Abstract Background: The proteomics approach termed proteome pattern analysis has been shown previously to have potential in the detection and classification of breast cancer. Here we aimed to identify changes in serum proteome patterns related to therapy of breast cancer patients. Methods: Blood samples were collected before the start of therapy, after the surgical resection of tumors and one year after the end of therapy in a group of 70 patients diagnosed at early stages of the disease. Patients were treated with surgery either independently (26) or in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (5) or adjuvant radio/ chemotherapy (39). The low-molecular-weight fraction of serum proteome was examined using MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry, and then changes in intensities of peptide ions registered in a mass range between 2,000 and 14,000 Da were identified and correlated with clinical data. Results: We found that surgical resection of tumors did not have an immediate effect on the mass profiles of the serum proteome. On the other hand, significant long-term effects were observed in serum proteome patterns one year after the end of basic treatment (we found that about 20 peptides exhibited significant changes in their abundances). Moreover, the significant differences were found primarily in the subgroup of patients treated with adjuvant therapy, but not in the subgroup subjected only to surgery. This suggests that the observed changes reflect overall responses of the patients to the toxic effects of adjuvant radio/chemotherapy. In line with this hypothesis we detected two serum peptides (registered m/z values 2,184 and 5,403 Da) whose changes correlated significantly with the type of treatment employed (their abundances decreased after adjuvant therapy, but increased in patients treated only with surgery). On the other hand, no significant correlation was found between changes in the abundance of any spectral component or clinical features of patients, including staging and grading of tumors. Conclusions: The study establishes a high potential of MALDI-ToF-based analyses for the detection of dynamic changes in the serum proteome related to therapy of breast cancer patients, which revealed the potential applicability of serum proteome patterns analyses in monitoring the toxicity of therapy. Background Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and the fifth most common cause of cancer death (almost 1% of all Mothers With HBV May BreastFeed After Immunoprophylaxis From Medscape Education Clinical Briefs GENERAL PEDIATRIC DEPARTMENT CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL 5/30/2011 Target Audience This article is intended for primary care clinicians and other specialists who care for infants of mothers who are HBV carriers 5/30/2011 Goal The goal of this activity is to provide medical news to primary care clinicians and other healthcare professionals in order to enhance patient care 5/30/2011 Mothers With HBV May Breast-Feed After Immunoprophylaxis Breast-feeding after proper immunoprophylaxis did not contribute to mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV), according to the results of a meta-analysis and systematic review reported online May in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 5/30/2011 Mothers With HBV May Breast-Feed After Immunoprophylaxis "Presently, the WHO, the World Gastroenterology Organisation, and the CDC recommend joint immunoprophylaxis using hepatitis B vaccine (HBVac) and hepatitis B immunoglobulin at birth to interrupt HBV transmission during and after delivery from HBV-carrying mothers to their newborns," write Zhongjie Shi, MD, from the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, and colleagues "However, these recommendations are aimed at the general HBVcarrying population, most of whom have very low HBV infectiousness (HBV DNA undetectable) This metaanalysis evaluated the role of breastfeeding in HBV MTCT at to 12 months after birth." 5/30/2011 Mothers With HBV May Breast-Feed After Immunoprophylaxis Using published and unpublished data from January 1, 1990, to August 31, 2010, the reviewers constructed a database from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, National Science Digital Library, and China Biological Medicine Database, as well as from information provided by appropriate experts All included studies were peer reviewed and met predefined selection criteria, with study endpoints including HBV intrauterine infection, MTCT, maternal blood and breast milk infectiousness, infant immunoprophylaxis methods and response, and adverse events Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained using the Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effects model 5/30/2011 Mothers With HBV May Breast-Feed After Immunoprophylaxis The meta-analysis included 10 qualified studies, all of which were clinical controlled trials, enrolling a total of 751 infants who were breast-feeding, and 873 who were not breast-feeding 5/30/2011 Mothers With HBV May Breast-Feed After Immunoprophylaxis For the breast-feeding group compared with the nonbreast-feeding group, the OR of MTCT of HBV, as reflected in infant peripheral blood hepatitis B surface antigen or HBV DNA positivity at age to 12 months, was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.51 - 1.45; from clinical controlled trials, P = 56; I = 0%, P = 99) For the breast-feeding group compared with the non-breast-feeding group, the OR of development of hepatitis B surface antibodies, as indicated by infant peripheral blood hepatitis B surface antibody positivity at age to 12 months, was 0.98 (95% CI, 0.69 - 1.40; from clinical controlled trials, P = 93; I = 0%, P = 99) There were no apparent adverse events or complications associated with breast-feeding 5/30/2011 Mothers With HBV May Breast-Feed After Immunoprophylaxis Limitations of this study include searching only for studies published in English or Chinese, which could result in selection bias 5/30/2011 Mothers With HBV May Breast-Feed After Immunoprophylaxis "To more thoroughly evaluate the role of breastfeeding in HBV MTCT, more randomized controlled trials or [clinical controlled trials] with detailed breast milk HBV marker testing and larger size are needed for further investigations and more convincing results," the study authors write "In summary, our meta-analysis provides strong evidence that without cracked or bleeding nipples or lesions, breast-feeding did not contribute to MTCT of HBV after proper immunoprophylaxis in the infants and should be recommended as a valuable source of nutrition to infants." 5/30/2011 10 Mothers With HBV May Breast-Feed After Immunoprophylaxis • This is a meta-analysis and systematic review of prospective studies to determine the role of breast-feeding on MTCT of HBV infection from mothers who are HBV carriers 5/30/2011 12 Mothers With HBV May Breast-Feed After Immunoprophylaxis • The databases of MEDLINE, EMBADSE, Cochrane Library, Natural Science Digital Library, and China Biological Medicine Database were searched for articles from 1990 to 2010 • independent reviewers assessed the articles for inclusion criteria and quality • Included were studies in which descriptions were provided of HBV intrauterine infection, MTCT, newborn immunoprophylaxis, breastfeeding, and follow-up of at least month 5/30/2011 13 Mothers With HBV May Breast-Feed After Immunoprophylaxis • Mothers in the studies were HBV carriers who were asymptomatic with hepatitis B surface antigen ...BioMed Central Page 1 of 7 (page number not for citation purposes) Virology Journal Open Access Research The association of complex liver disorders with HBV genotypes prevalent in Pakistan Saeeda Baig* 1 , Anwar Ali Siddiqui 2 , Waqaruddin Ahmed 3 , Huma Qureshi 4 and Ambreen Arif 5 Address: 1 Associate professor, Department of Biochemistry, Ziauddin Medical College, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan, 2 Associate Dean, Department of Research and Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan, 3 Incharge, Pakistan Medical Research Council, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan, 4 Executive Director Pakistan Medical Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan and 5 Research Officer, Pakistan Medical Research Council, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan Email: Saeeda Baig* - baigsaeeda@yahoo.com; Anwar Ali Siddiqui - anwar.siddiqui@aku.edu; Waqaruddin Ahmed - pmrcjpmc@hotmail.com; Huma Qureshi - pmrc@comsats.net.pk; Ambreen Arif - pmrcjpmc@hotmail.com * Corresponding author Abstract Background: Genotyping of HBV is generally used for determining the epidemiological relationship between various virus strains and origin of infection mostly in research studies. The utility of genotyping for clinical applications is only beginning to gain importance. Whether HBV genotyping will constitute part of the clinical evaluation of Hepatitis B patients depends largely on the availability of the relevance of the evidence based information. Since Pakistan has a HBV genotype distribution which has been considered less virulent as investigated by earlier studies from south East Asian countries, a study on correlation between HBV genotypes and risk of progression to further complex hepatic infection was much needed Methods: A total of 295 patients with HBsAg positive were selected from the Pakistan Medical Research Council's (PMRC) out patient clinics. Two hundred and twenty six (77%) were males, sixty nine (23%) were females (M to F ratio 3.3:1). Results: Out of 295 patients, 156 (53.2%) had Acute(CAH), 71 (24.2%) were HBV Carriers, 54 (18.4%) had Chronic liver disease (CLD) Hepatitis. 14 (4.7%) were Cirrhosis and HCC patients. Genotype D was the most prevalent genotype in all categories of HBV patients, Acute (108), Chronic (39), and Carrier (53). Cirrhosis/HCC (7) were HBV/D positive. Genotype A was the second most prevalent with 28 (13%) in acute cases, 12 (22.2%) in chronics, 14 (19.7%) in carriers and 5 (41.7) in Cirrhosis/HCC patients. Mixed genotype (A/D) was found in 20 (12.8%) of Acute patients, 3 (5.6%) of Chronic and 4 (5.6%) of carriers, none in case of severe liver conditions. Conclusion: Mixed HBV genotypes A, D and A/D combination were present in all categories of patients except that no A/D combination was detected in severe conditions. Genotype D was the dominant genotype. However, genotype A was found to be more strongly associated with severe liver disease. Mixed genotype (A/D) did not significantly appear to influence the clinical outcome. Published: 27 November 2007 Virology Journal 2007, 4:128 doi:10.1186/1743-422X-4-128 Received: 12 October 2007 Accepted: 27 November 2007 This article is available from: http://www.virologyj.com/content/4/1/128 © 2007 Baig et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by BioMed Central Page 1 of 7 (page number not for citation purposes) Virology Journal Open Access Research The association of complex liver disorders with HBV genotypes prevalent in Pakistan Saeeda Baig* 1 , Anwar Ali Siddiqui 2 , Waqaruddin Ahmed 3 , Huma Qureshi 4 and Ambreen Arif 5 Address: 1 Associate professor, Department of Biochemistry, Ziauddin Medical College, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan, 2 Associate Dean, Department of Research and Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan, 3 Incharge, Pakistan Medical Research Council, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan, 4 Executive Director Pakistan Medical Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan and 5 Research Officer, Pakistan Medical Research Council, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan Email: Saeeda Baig* - baigsaeeda@yahoo.com; Anwar Ali Siddiqui - anwar.siddiqui@aku.edu; Waqaruddin Ahmed - pmrcjpmc@hotmail.com; Huma Qureshi - pmrc@comsats.net.pk; Ambreen Arif - pmrcjpmc@hotmail.com * Corresponding author Abstract Background: Genotyping of HBV is generally used for determining the epidemiological relationship between various virus strains and origin of infection mostly in research studies. The utility of genotyping for clinical applications is only beginning to gain importance. Whether HBV genotyping will constitute part of the clinical evaluation of Hepatitis B patients depends largely on the availability of the relevance of the evidence based information. Since Pakistan has a HBV genotype distribution which has been considered less virulent as investigated by earlier studies from south East Asian countries, a study on correlation between HBV genotypes and risk of progression to further complex hepatic infection was much needed Methods: A total of 295 patients with HBsAg positive were selected from the Pakistan Medical Research Council's (PMRC) out patient clinics. Two hundred and twenty six (77%) were males, sixty nine (23%) were females (M to F ratio 3.3:1). Results: Out of 295 patients, 156 (53.2%) had Acute(CAH), 71 (24.2%) were HBV Carriers, 54 (18.4%) had Chronic liver disease (CLD) Hepatitis. 14 (4.7%) were Cirrhosis and HCC patients. Genotype D was the most prevalent genotype in all categories of HBV patients, Acute (108), Chronic (39), and Carrier (53). Cirrhosis/HCC (7) were HBV/D positive. Genotype A was the second most prevalent with 28 (13%) in acute cases, 12 (22.2%) in chronics, 14 (19.7%) in carriers and 5 (41.7) in Cirrhosis/HCC patients. Mixed genotype (A/D) was found in 20 (12.8%) of Acute patients, 3 (5.6%) of Chronic and 4 (5.6%) of carriers, none in case of severe liver conditions. Conclusion: Mixed HBV genotypes A, D and A/D combination were present in all categories of patients except that no A/D combination was detected in severe conditions. Genotype D was the dominant genotype. However, genotype A was found to be more strongly associated with severe liver disease. Mixed genotype (A/D) did not significantly appear to influence the clinical outcome. Published: 27 November 2007 Virology Journal 2007, 4:128 doi:10.1186/1743-422X-4-128 Received: 12 October 2007 Accepted: 27 November 2007 This article is available from: http://www.virologyj.com/content/4/1/128 © 2007 Baig et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by SHOR T REPOR T Open Access Health status of older adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus after aerobic or resistance training: A randomised trial Cindy Li Whye Ng 1*† , E Shyong Tai 2 , Su-Yen Goh 2 and Hwee-Lin Wee 3,4† Abstract Background: A prior study showed positive effects of resistance training on health status in individuals with diabetes compared to aerobic or no exercise, the exercise regimens were either differe nt in volume, duration or rate of progression. We aimed to compare the effects of progressive resistance training (PRT) or aerobic training (AT) of similar volume over an 8-week period on health status (measured using the Short-form 36 Questionnaire) in middle aged adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Findings: Sixty subjects aged 58 (7) years were randomised to PRT (n = 30) or AT (n = 30). General health and vitality were significantly improved in both groups (me an (SD) change scores for PRT were 12.2(11.5) and 10.5(18.2), and for AT, 13.3(19.6) and 10.0(13.1), respectively) and exceeded the minimally important difference of 5 points. The PRT group also had improved physical function and mental health status (mean (SD) change scores: 9.0(22.6), p < 0.05 and 5.3(12.3), p < 0.05, respectively), which was not observed in the AT group. However, the between group differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Both exercise regimens have positive impact on health status that correlated well with clinical improvement in patients with T2DM. PRT may have some additional benefits as there were significant changes in more domains of the SF-36 than that observed for the AT group. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01000519 Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Exercise training, SF-36 Background In Asia, more than 100 million people were living wi th T2DM in 2007 [1]. The prevalence in Singapore is 8.2% in adults aged 18 to 69 years and is expected to rise [2]. It is important to assess the impact of interventions that affect blood glucose control on health status besides clinical outcomes such as glycemic control [3]. Exercise is considered a critical part of therapeutic lifestyle inter- vention in the treatment of individuals with type 2 dia- betes mellitus (T2DM) [4,5]. Exercise has been shown to improve quality of life in special populations [6,7]. In patients with T2DM, it is recommended that patients undertake both aerobic training and progressive resis- tance training [4]. We have recently shown that both types of training improve metabolic control to a similar degree [8]. In a recent study by Reid et al, it appeared that resistance training had more beneficial effects on physical health status t han aerobic training [9]. How- ever, the differences in the effects were not statistically significant [9]. Furthermore, they did not attempt to ensuresimilarvolumeordurationofexerciseinall groups. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of progressive resistance training (PRT) and aerobic train- ing (AT), of similar volume and duration, on health Nâng nở ngực bằng máy Breast Fit System Trong xã hội ngày nay, cái đẹp ngày càng được đánh giá toàn diện, người con gái đẹp hiện đại nhất thiết phải có một khuôn ngực nở nang, săn gọn. Giải pháp có bộ ngực quyến rũ, gợi cảm nhưng hòan tòan tự nhiên, là của chính mình, không phải giải phẫu để đưa “vật thể lạ” bên ngòai vào chỉ có được từ các công nghệ kết hợp với nhau của máy Breast Fit System Một số ca giải phẫu túi ngực gần đây tại Việt Nam bị tai biến đã gây ra sự lo lắng và hoang mang trong giới chị em. Vấn đề đặt ra làm sao có một bộ ngực đẹp mà không cần giải phẫu để đảm bảo an toàn tuyệt đối cho sức khoẻ. Trên thị trường hiện nay có rất nhiều máy công nghệ của châu Á làm nở ngực, tuy nhiên những phương pháp này chỉ có thể làm nở ngực tự do, tràn bẹt sang hai bên. Để tạo dáng, thu gần khoảng cách giữa hai bầu ngực thì chỉ duy nhất có hệ thống máy Breast Fit System (của hãng chuyên làm đẹp ngực không cần phẫu thuật nổi tiếng, nhất trên thế giới hiện nay - Shap & Botanica đến từ Italy). Trung Tâm Thẩm Mỹ Mxinh tại thành phố Hồ Chí Minh hiện là nơi đang sử dụng hệ thống máy BFS và đã tích lũy khá nhiều kinh nghiệm trong điều trị nâng nở lớn và làm săn chắc ngực bằng BFS. Breast Fit System là một hệ thống bao gồm 16 chương trình chăm sóc ngực đặc biệt phù hợp với từng tình trạng ngực khác nhau bằng các thiết bị tiên tiến nhất. Thiết bị rung động âm chân không, thiết bị kích thích các cơ ngực bằng siêu điện cực (-, +), thiết bị khắc phục tình trạng ngực chảy sệ bằng chùm ánh sáng LED, thiết bị định hình và tạo dáng cân đối hai bầu ngực bằng tần số ánh sang, thiết bị làm hồng nhũ hoa. Mỗi thiết bị đảm nhiệm một chức năng để tạo nên một cặp nhũ hoa hoàn hảo nhất cho bạn. Liệu trình: 16 lần. Kết quả: ngực sẽ lên được từ 3 - 6 cm Đặc biệt hệ thống máy rất hiệu quả cho những chị em phụ nữ sau khi sinh, lớn tuổi, ngực lớn mà không gọn…. Sau khi điều trị sẽ có một đôi gò bồng bảo đảm săn gọn, sắc nét thanh xuân như thời con gái. Đây cũng chính là kỹ thuật độc quyền của riêng hệ thống mà hiện nay chưa có một thiết bị hay giải pháp này có thể so sánh với nó. Giải pháp của BFS là kích thích chính các hệ cơ, lớp mỡ đệm trong bầu ngực bạn gái vì lý do nào đấy mà chưa phát triển hết mức; Hoặc phục hồi ngực phụ nữ sau khi sinh cho con bú bị chảy nhão, teo nhỏ…. Phương pháp hòan tòan tự nhiên, không gắn với phẫu thuật, không đưa các lọai túi nước biển, silicon…(Là các “vật thể lạ” có thể phản ứng với một số người) nên tuyệt đối an tòan. Và Điểu cự kỳ quan trọnng là các ông xã của các quý bà sẽ vẫn cảm thấy hài lòng, mãn nguyện hơn với đồ thật. Trong và sau liệu trình điều trị chuyên viên tư vấn của trung tâm Mxinh sẽ tư vấn cho các khách hàng cách thức chăm sóc và bảo vệ cặp nhũ hoa của mình. Máy BREAST FIT SYSTEM hiện đang là giải pháp tốt nhất mang đến một bộ ngực hoàn hảo, gợi cảm mà vẫn đảm bảo an toàn cho sức khoẻ của bạn. Một lịch trình điều trị diễn ra trong khoảng 5 – 8 tuần với 16 buổi điều trị. Theo Thống kê, phân tích và đánh giá của chuyên gia hãng Sharp & Botanica, sau mỗi liệu trình điều trị: - 80% phụ nữ cải thiện độ săn chắc, nâng cao 2 bầu ngực (từ 3- 6cm). - 78% phụ nữ sau khi sinh được phục hồi lớp mỡ đệm làm tăng kích cỡ ngực. - 85% phụ nữ ngực nhỏ bẩm sinh cải thiện đựơc hình dáng, thu gần khoảng cách giữa hai bầu ngực 1 – 2 cm. Breast Fit System là một hệ thống bao gồm 16 chương trình chăm sóc ngực đặc biệt phù hợp với từng tình trạng ngực khác nhau bằng các thiết bị tiên tiến nhất. Thiết bị rung động âm chân không, thiết bị kích thích các cơ ngực bằng siêu cực điện (-, +), thiết bị làm hồng nhũ hoa, thiết bị khắc phục tình trạng ngực chảy sệ bằng chùm ánh sáng LED, thiết bị định hình và tạo dáng cân đối hai bầu ngực bằng tần số ánh sáng. Mỗi thiết bị đảm nhiệm một chức năng để tạo nên một cặp nhũ hoa hoàn hảo nhất. Hệ thống máy duy nhất lần đầu tiên sử dụng kết hợp 6 công nghệ mới nhất cho việc làm nở lớn. Săn chắc ngực gồm: - Diot phát ánh sáng: chiếu ... who were breast- feeding, and 873 who were not breast- feeding 5/30/2011 Mothers With HBV May Breast- Feed After Immunoprophylaxis For the breast- feeding group compared with the nonbreast-feeding... within 24 hours of birth, breastfeeding was not associated with increased MTCT of HBV infection 5/30/2011 19 Mothers With HBV May Breast- Feed After Immunoprophylaxis Clinical Implications • Breast- feeding... studies to determine the role of breast- feeding on MTCT of HBV infection from mothers who are HBV carriers 5/30/2011 12 Mothers With HBV May Breast- Feed After Immunoprophylaxis • The databases