How to recognize the identical pairs of vowels in the english program 10

THANH HOA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HAU LOC I HIGH SCHOOL EXPERIENCE INITIATE Title : “ HOW TO RECOGNIZE THE IDENTICAL PAIRS OF VOWELS IN THE ENGLISH PROGRAM 10” The writer : Hoàng Thị Thường Position : Teacher School : Hau loc I high school Experience initiative: English THANH HOA - 2016 CATEGORIES I INTRODUCTION Page II CONTENTS 1 Status of the problem Theoretical background Practical background The solutions III CONCLUSION 13 References 15 Appendices 16 I INTRODUCTION In modern times, English has been an essential means in all areas of socioeconomic life It is an important tool in communicating with countries around the world Thanks to the English we have the opportunity to expand the relationship, more exchanges with all the countries in the world Therefore, learning English is necessary for all of us For students , that is a required task because English is a compulsory subject in national examinations However , learning English is not simple, because English contains a variety of vocabulary, complex grammar and irregular phonetic systems As we know, phonetic is an indispensable part in the tests and exams Most of the children in doing this part is often difficult to identify the vowels so the results are not high The cause of this is that the Pronunciation is only a small part in the Language focus lesson so students not have time to distinguish and remember the sounds they’ve learnt Realizing this, over the years of teaching I have found some of the rules to be able to distinguish some couples of vowels in the English program 10 that helps students can better phonetic exercises That is the reason why I would like to have a writing named "How to recognize the identical pairs of vowels in the English program 10” II CONTENTS Status of the problem: In the English program 10 , pronouncing the vowels predominate the lessons in the book The most difficulty for students is to distinguish short vowels with long vowels If only through reading it is not easy to recognize them So in the process of teaching, I had them types of exercise containing the vowels several times in different classes As a result, they did not get high mark in this part They often make the errors of distinguishing short vowels and long vowels especially couples of vowels having similar pronounciation such as : /i:/ and /i/; /a:/ and /ʌ/ ; /e/ and /æ/ ; /ɔ:/ and /ɒ/ ; /u:/ and /ʊ/; /ə/ - /з:/ ; They not know the rules combining letters to form the vowels Survey results of distinguishing vowels in classes 10A3 and 10A7 gave the following data: class 10A3 10A7 Number of students 44 49 Excellent number % Pretty number % Medium number % Weak number % 0 18,1 21 47,7 15 34,2 0 10 20,4 19 38,7 20 40,9 Theoretical background Vowel section is located mainly in units : 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 in English 10 However, in my research, I hope to help students with the ways to recognize the vowels in the words so that they can better phonetic exercises If so the students have to distinguish between normal vowels and remember the sounds called "disastrious sounds" Therefore, I just focused on several issues: The definition of vowel in English, the ways to distinguish some identical couples of vowels in the English program 10 such as /i:/ and /i/; /a:/ and /ʌ/ ; /e/ and /æ/ ; /ɔ:/ and /ɒ/ ; /u:/ and /ʊ/; /ə/ - /з:/ ; several forms of phonetic exercises to reinforce the theoretical part and also to help students remember deeper knowledge Practical background: Right from the beginning of the 10th grade, I was prepared and distributed to the pupils exercises involving the vowels I ask them to and to distinguish the vowels by circling on the words that contain vowels I also found the picture of how to pronounce the vowels to memorize them easily The students are also provided for exceptions and require rote memorization All these things are checked regularly The solutions: Through years of teaching, through reference documents both online and textbooks, I have drawn some rules of vowel pronunciation, which can help my students phonetic exercises faster and better In fact, I have applied these rules in the classes I was teaching, and has obtained obvious results Therefore I would like to state the steps that I have applied as follows: 4.1 The definition of the vowel vowels are sounds from the vibrations of the laryn, Separate itself or in combination with loud consonants in words, consonant may come before or after the vowel There are vowels in English such as : a, i, u o, e, Vowels in the English program 10 are divided into classes: long vowel, short vowel and dipthongs However, in this study I only mention the rules to distinguish some identical couples of vowels such as: as /i:/ and /i/; /a:/ and /ʌ/ ; /e/ and /æ/ ; /ɔ:/ and /ɒ/ ; /u:/ and /ʊ/; /ə/ and /з:/ 4.2 The ways to identify the couples of vowels 4.2.1.Distinguishing vowel /i/ - /i:/ (unit 1-language focus-page19) - /i/ is a short sound/ɪ/ is a short vowel sound Make your mouth a bit less wide than for /i:/ Your tongue is a bit further back in your mouth than for /i:/ It's pronounced /ɪ/ /ɪ/ - /i:/ is a long sound - To achieve pronounce / i: / mouth to reveal a smiling lips Tongue to be high and towards the top of the upper jaw / I: / is the sound of the vowel E, when the structure: E + C + E + / i: / is called a long sound 4.2.1.1 Some rules to identify sound /i:/ a Group / ea- /: - Words ending /ea/ or /ea + consonant are pronounced by /i:/ Examples: sea /si:/ = biển Seat /si:t/ = chỗ ngồi Teach /ti:tʃ/ = dạy học Exceptions: break /breik/ = làm vỡ Measure /'meʤə/ = đo lường… b Group /ee-/: - Words end /ee/ or /ee/ with one or two consonants Examples: bee /bi:/ = ong Green /gri:n/ = xanh lục c Group /-e/ : - Some words such as: be/bi:/ = , là, She /ʃi:/ = cô We /wi:/ = Evil /i: vl/ xấu xa e Group /e-e/ : - Words have a consonant between two letters /e-e/ Examples: even /’I:vən/ = đến Complete /kə’pli:t/ = hoàn toàn f Group /ie-/ -Group /ie/ with one or two consonants Examples: chief /tj i:f/ = người đứng đầu, xếp Believe /bi’li:v/ = tin tưởng g Group /ei-/ - Words contain /ei/ with one or two consonants and only after letters c,s Examples: deceive /di’si:v/ = lừa đảo Receive /ri’si:v/ = nhận Receipt /ri’si:t/ = biên lai Exceptions are sufixes such as: mese : Vietnamese, chinese… 4.2.1.2 Some rules to identify sound /i/ a Group /i-/ - Words have one syllabble ending with one or two consonants /I + consonant/ Examples: dig /dig/ = đào lên Thick /θik/ = dầy, đần độn b Group /e/ - Letter /e/ in the prefixes such as: re, de, be, e, ex, em, en, pre Examples: become /bi’kʌm/ = trở nên Exchange, renew, eradicate, predict… c Words end with : + age : passage, message + ate : temperate, climate + y , ly : industry , friendly + ey : money , donkey + ive : expensive + et : market + let : booklet d Special words: England , women , busy , business 4.2.2 Distinguishing couple of sounds /e/ and / æ/ (Unit3: Language focus) - /e/ is a short sound - / æ/ is a short sound - To achieve pronounce / e /, revealed fewer mouth tongue must have placed a little higher and a little put forward / E / minus of vowels and diphthongs ea e, when e and ea precedes one or two consonants when pronouncing a tongue touches the lower teeth, tongue lowered and mouth widely opens 4.2.2.1 Some rules to identify sound /e/ a Group /e-): - Words have one syllable ending with many consonants except /r/ Examples: bed /bed/ = giường Better /bet ə/ = tốt b Goup /- ead) Examples: bread /bred/ = bánh mì Head /hed/ = đầu Dead, lead(chì) Exception: lead/li:d/ = dẫn dắt c Group /eath/ - Some words ending /eath/ are pronounced /e/ Examples: breath/breθ/ = thở Death /deθ /= chết Wealthy /’weθi/ = giàu có 4.2.2.2 Some rules to identify / æ/ a Group /a-/ - Words having one syllable end with one or more consonants Examples: bad /bæd / =xấu Hang /hæɳ/ = treo lên Fan/f æn/ = quạt Exceptions: father /'fɑ:ðə / = cha Calm /ka:m/ = bình tĩnh 4.2.3 Distinguishing couple of sounds /ʌ/ and /a:/ ( unit 2-language focus) - To be pronounced / ʌ /, mouth is opened , two lips close distance of about 1cm The tongue must be placed in the mouth a little higher compared to pronounce / a: / + / ʌ / is pronounced between the â + ă in monosyllabic words and syllables with accent + / ʌ / minus of u vowel (u + consonant + consonant) - The common types are: UCT, UCK, UD, UG, ULT, UM, UMB, UMP, UNG, UN, UST, UT + /u /is pronounced / ʌ / occur in monosyllabic words form except ULL following words: bull, full, pull + / ʌ / minus of the form vowel O when OVE, - To make the sound / a: /, your tongue should be placed in a low position in the mouth, and lips should be extended to at pronunciation - / A: / is the sound of the group: AR, ALM, ALF, ALV, AFT, AST, ASK, AUGH, AFF, Eart 4.2.3.1 Some rules to identify sound /a:/ a Group /ar-/ - In the words of one syllable that ends r and (r + consonant) or (ar + consonant) Examples: car /ka:/ = xe Cart /ka:t/ = xe ngựa Charm /tʃɑ:m/ = duyên dáng b Special words: Father / 'fɑ:ðə / = cha Calm /ka:m/ = bình tĩnh Clerk /kla:k/ = thư ký Heart /ha:t/ = trái tim 4.2.3.2 Some rules to identify sound / ʌ/ a Group /u-/ - Pronounced/ ʌ/ with words ending u+ consonant Examples: sun /s ʌn/ = mặt trời Duck /dʌk/ = vịt Hut /hʌt/ = túp lều b Group /ou-/ - Pronounced /ʌ/ with words ending ou + one or two consonants Examples: young /jʌŋ/ =trẻ Rough /rʌf/= ghồ ghề Touch /tʌt∫/ = chạm, sờ c Group /o/ - - Reading is / ʌ / with one-syllable words, and syllables are emphasized in the words of many syllables Example: mother /’mʌðə/ = mẹ Son /sʌn/ = trai Nothing'nʌθiŋ/ = chẳng Monkey /'mʌɳki/ = d Group /o-e/ - Words contain group o-e having one consonant between them Examples: come /kʌm/ = đến Dove/dʌv/ = chim bồ câu Glove/glʌv/ = găng tay - Most of the group /o-e/ is pronounced /ou/ However, Some verbs ending /-ove/ are pronounced/ vu/ e Some special words Blood /blʌd/ = máu Flood /flʌd/ = nạn lụt nothing /'nʌθiŋ/ = chẳng f Groups of words containing /u/ in the following groups are pronounced / ʌ / -ug: Examples: rug/ rʌg/ = thảm Drug /drʌg/ = thuốc - uck: Examples: duck /dʌk/ = vịt Chuckle /tjʌkl/ = cười khúc khích -ust : Examples: must /m ʌst/ = cần phải dust /dʌst/ = bụi bẩn -un: Exxamples: uneasy /ʌn'i:zi/ = không dễ unhappy /ʌn'hæpi/ = không hạnh phúc -um: Examples: umbrella /ʌm'brelə/ =ô, dù, lọng umbrage /'ʌmbridʒ/ =coi thường, xúc phạm -ung: Example: lung /lʌη/ = phổi 4.2.4 Distinguishing couple of vowel /ɔ:/ and /ɒ/ (Unit4: Language Focus Page 52) - ɔː/ is a long vowel sound Put the front of your tongue down Round your lips It’s pronounced /ɔː/ /ɔː - ɒ/ is a short vowel sound To make this sound, round your lips a little The front of your tongue is low and towards the back of your mouth It's pronounced /ɒ/ /ɒ/ 4.2.4.1 Some rules to identify vowel /ɒ / a Group /o-/ - - To be pronounced as / ɒ / to words contain one syllable, ending in a consonant and the emphasized syllable of words containing many syllables Examples : dog/dog/ = chó Doctor/ dɔktə/ = bác sĩ Modern/ 'mɔdən/ = đại Voluntary / vɔləntəri/ = tự ý, tình nguyện Note: group /ock/ is usually pronounced as /ɔk/ Example: lock//lɔk/ = ổ khóa Clock/ klɔk/ = đồng hồ b Group /-ong/ - Words end /ong/ : Long //lɔɳ/ = dài, lâu Strong /strɔɳ/ = mạnh, đậm đặc wrong /rɔɳ/ = sai Note: among /ə'mʌɳ/ = số Gone //gɔn/ = khứ go 4.2.4.2 Some rules to identify vowel /Ɔ:/ a Group /all-/ - Pronounced as / Ɔ:/ with words containing one syllable and ending /all/ Examples: call /kɔ:l/ = gọi Ball /bɔ:l/ = bóng Small /smɔ:l/ = nhỏ bé b Group au- Most words contaiing “au” are pronounced as /ɔ:/ Examples: author //'ɔ:θə/ = tác giả August/'ɔ:gəst/ = tháng tám Daughter /'dɔ:tə/ = gái Audience/'ɔ:djəns/ = khán giả Exceptions: Laugh /la:f/ = cười Aunt /a:nt/ = cô, dì c Group /aw- / - Words end with “aw” or “aw + one consonant” Examples: law /l ɔ:/ = luật pháp Draw /dr ɔ:/ = vẽ Awful / ɔ:ful/ = kinh khủng Lawn /l ɔ:n/ = bãi cỏ d Group /wa-/: - Words containing “wa” along with one or two consonants Examples: wall /w ɔ:l/ = tường Water /wɔ:tə / = nước Forewarn /fɔ:'wɔ:n/ = cảnh báo trước d Group /os-/ - Words contain “os” with consonants Examples: cross /krɔ:s/ = dấu thập, băng qua Cost /kɔ:st/ = có giá , tốn Loss /lɔ:s/ = mát, thua lỗ e Group /-or-/ - Words with /or / and consonant : Examples: for/f ɔ:/ = để, cho Port /pɔ:t/ hải cảng Report /ri’pɔ:t/ = tường trình Short / /ʃɔ:t/ = ngắn f Group /oar-/ - Words contain “oar” or “oar + consonant”: Examples: roar /rɔ:/ = gầm thét Board /bɔ:d/ = bảng, ván Coarse /kɔ:s/ (adj) = thô lỗ g Group our(-) - Words contain “ou” or “our”: Examples: four /fɔ:/ = bốn Pour/pɔ:/ = rót ra, đổ Court /kɔ:t/ = tòa án, sân, triều đình 10 Course /kɔ:s/ = khóa học h Group /oor/ - Examples: door / d ɔ:/ = cửa vào Floor /fl ɔ:/ = sàn nhà, tầng nhà 4.2.5 Distinguishing couple of vowel /u:/ and /u/ (Unit5: Language Focus Page 60) - /u:/ is a long vowel sound Make a lip into a circle Put your tongue up and back It's pronounced /u:/ - /ʊ/ is a short vowel sound Make your lip a little rounded Your tongue is not so far back as for /u: / It’s pronounced /ʊ/…/ʊ/ 4.2.5.1 Rules to identify sound / u:/ a Group oo(-) - Words end with “oo” or “oo + consonants”: Examples: too /tu:/ = cũng, Food /fu:d/ = thức ăn Choose /tʃu:z/ = lựa chọn Moon / m u:n/ = mặt trăng b Group /u-e/ - Words contain “ue” or one consonant between u and e: Examples: shoe / /ʃu:/ = dày Rule /r u:l/ = quy tắc Clue /kl u:/ = bí quyết, manh mối c Group o(-) - Some words end “o” or “o + consonant”: Examples: do/d u:/ = làm 11 Two /t u:/ = hai Who /h u:/ = Whom /h u:m/ = d Group (-) ew - Words end with “ew” are pronounced as /u:/: Examples: crew /kr u:/ = thủy thủ Screw /skr u:/ = đinh ốc Flew /fl u:/ = bay( khứ fly) - Sometimes “-ew” is pronounced as /ju:/ e Group ui ( -) - Some words : bruise / br u:z/ = vết bầm Fruit /fr u:t = hoa Bruit /br u:t/ = tin đồn, tiếng đồn Juice /dʤu:s/ = nước ép trái 4.2.5.2 Rules to identify vowel /u/ a Group “ould” - words containing “ould” arre pronounced as /u/ Examples: could /kud/ = Should / ʃud/ = nên, phải Would / wud/ = sẽ, muốn b group oo (-): - Words end with “ oo + consonant” Examples: wood /wud/ = rừng, gỗ Good /gud/ = tốt Book /buk/ = sách Cook /kuk/ = đầu bếp Hook /huk/ = móc c Group u (-) - Words end “ u + one or two consonants” Examples: bush /buʃ/ = bụi Full /ful/ = đầy đủ Put /put/ = đặt, để Butcher /'butʃə/ = người bán thịt d Group o (-) - Some words: woman /’wumən/ = phụ nữ Wolf /’wulf/ = sói rừng 4.2.6 Distinguishing couple of vowel /ə/ and /з:/ ( Unit6: Language Focus – Page 70) /ə/ is a short vowel sound 12 Open your mouth very slightly and simply The lips and tongue are relaxed It's pronounced /ə/ /ə/ - /ɜː/ is a long vowel sound Your mouth and tongue should be relaxed It’s pronounced /ɜː/ /ɜː/ 4.2.6.1 Rules to identify vowel /ə/ Groups end “ unemphasized ar, er, or, ure a, group /-ar/ particular / /pə'tikjulə/ = đặc biệt awkward / /'ɔ:kwəd/ = khó xử, vụng b, group /– er/ worker / /'wə:kə/ = công nhân teacher / 'ti:tʃə/ = giáo viên c, - or : doctor / 'dɔktə/ = bác sĩ sailor /’seilə/ = thủy thủ d, -ure : temperature /'tempritʃə/ = nhiệt độ literature /'litəritʃə/ = văn học Group /e/ - unemphasized Syllables containing /e/ in words: Examples: silent /sailənt/ = im lặng Open /’oupən/ = mở Chicken/’tʃikən/ = gà Group a - Unemphasized syllables contain a: Examples: balance //'bæləns/ = cân Explanation /eksplə'neiʃn/ = giải thích Capacity /kə'pæsiti/ = khả Group o 13 - Unemphasized syllables contain /o/ : Examples: atom/ 'ætəm/ = nguyên tử Compare / kəm'peə/ = so sánh Control / kən'troul/ = kiểm soát 4.2.6.2 Rules to identify vowel / з:/ Group /-ir-/ - Words end /ir / or /ir + consonant/ : Examples: shirt //ʃ з:t/ = áo sơ mi Girl /g з:l/ = cô gái Bird /b з:d/ = chim Skirt /sk з:t/ = váy Group (-) er (-) Examples: err / з:/ = sai lầm Serve /s з:v/ = phục vụ Verse /v з:s/ = câu Group /–or-/ Examples: world /wз:ld/ = giới Worm /w з:m/ = giun Group /-ur-/ Examples: nurse /n з:s/ = y tá Burn /b з:n/ = đốt cháy Curse /k з:s/ = nguyền rủa Thursday/ /'θə:zdi/ = thứ năm Group (-) ear (-) Examples: learn /l з:n/ = học Earth / з:θ/ = trái đất III CONCLUSION Consequence: Through practical implementation of the lesson, the poll of students and compare before you apply to recognize the vowel pairs above and after use in combination with my explanation that class became more alive, more vibrant, students actively participate in all training and acquiring better Doing tests of phonological fewer mistakes Most children love to learn and read English test results in class 10A4 , 10 A5 are as follow : class 10A4 10A5 Number of students 45 43 Excellent Number % Pretty number % Medium number % Weak number % 17,7 20 44,4 17 37,9 0 11,6 20 46,5 16 37,2 4,7 14 2.The learned lessons : A teacher who also wants to get a good lesson page, the unit effective where his beloved students can understand, grasp the lesson well And good use as a test lecture Thus, what each teacher is always towards each hour taught effectively Therefore, this is only my personal experience over many years of teaching I have found it effective should really come up with a new desire to consult colleagues, medical help, added to possible The highest efficiency Proposals: 3.1 With the management levels: - It is necessary to pay more attention to his English subjects, especially equipped with full facilities for the teaching of English in schools better - Inclusion of English subjects in compulsory examination subject not only at the graduation exams, especially the semester exam, exam on 10 to guide students interested in learning English is more, the lecturer less hard than the English 3.2 With colleagues: - The vowel occupies a small part of the language focus, but it is an integral part of the exams So teachers must teach this section fully and carefully as I have mentioned in this paper Thereby , students avoid mistakes and achieve superior results Statement of authorship: I hereby acknowledge that this study is mine The data and findings discussed in thesis are true, used with permission from associates and have not been published elsewhere The confirmation of the Head - Master: Thanh Hoa, 18th May in 2016 Author: Hoàng Thị Thường 15 REFERENCES Luyện phát âm đánh dấu trọng âm Tiếng anh (Tác giả: Xuân Bá- Quang Vinh - nhà xuất Hà nội - Xuất 2006) Luyện phát âm ngữ điệu Tiếng anh ( Tác giả : Quang minh – Đức Thiện – nhà xuất Hà Nội- 2007) Cách phát âm đánh dấu trọng âm Tiếng anh ( Tác giả: Xuân Bá – Nhà xuất ĐH sư phạm ) Luyện phát âm Tiếng anh giống giọng Mỹ (Tác giả : Quang Minh – Đức Thiện – Nhà xuất Hà Nội) Tài liệu luyện phát âm Tiếng anh “ Ship or sheep” ( Cambrige University Press) 16 APPENDICES Some kinds of Exercises of pronunciation Pick out the words underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others A heal B tear C fear D ear A break B heat C mean D weave A feet B sheep C beer D fee A great B repeat C East D Cheat Key: A heal /hi:l/ B tear /tiə/ C fear /fiə/ D ear /iə/ A break/breik/ B heat/hi:t/ C mean/mi:n/ D weave/wi:v/ A feet/fi:t/ B sheep/ ʃi:p/ C beer/ /biə/ D fee/fi:/ A great /greit/ B repeat/ri'pi:t/ C East/i:st/ D Cheat/tʃi:t/ Pick out the words underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others A hall B charm C far D calm A paw B raw C war D car A transport B afford C horse D hose A because B aunt C auditory D automobile Key: A hall /hɔ:l/ B charm/tʃɑ:m/ C far/fɑ:/ D calm /kɑ:m/ A paw /pɔ:/ B raw/rɔ:/ C war/wɔ:/ D car/kɑ:/ A transport/trænspɔ:t/ B afford/ə'fɔ:d/ C horse/hɔ:s/ D hose/houz/ A because/bi'kɔz/ B aunt/ɑ:nt/ C auditory/'ɔ:ditəri/ D automobile/'ɔ:təməbi:l/ Pick out the words underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others A fuel B blue C hue D cue A flew B few C crew D chew A cruise B build C bruise D fruit A tooth B booth C good D soon Key: 17 A Fuel/fjul/ B blue/blu:/ C hue/hju/ D cue/dju/ A flew/flu:/ B few/fju/ C crew/kru:/ D chew/tʃu:/ A cruise/ku:s/ B build/bi:ld/ C bruise/bru:z/ D.fruit/fru:t/ A tooth/tu:θ/ B booth/bu:θ/ C good/gud/ D soon/su:n/ 18 ... to the pupils exercises involving the vowels I ask them to and to distinguish the vowels by circling on the words that contain vowels I also found the picture of how to pronounce the vowels to. .. - /з:/ ; They not know the rules combining letters to form the vowels Survey results of distinguishing vowels in classes 10A3 and 10A7 gave the following data: class 10A3 10A7 Number of students... program 10 II CONTENTS Status of the problem: In the English program 10 , pronouncing the vowels predominate the lessons in the book The most difficulty for students is to distinguish short vowels