Some common phrasal verbs and sentence transformation exercises in teaching english at ba thuoc high school (supplementary practice for teaching part e unit14 15 english 12)

INDEX TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale of the study 1.2 Aim of the study 1.3 Method of the study 1.4 Objective and scope of the study PROBLEM SOLVING 2.1 Theoretic basis of the problem 2.2 Practical basis of the study 2.3 Solutions to the problem 2.3.1 Some Common Phrasal Verbs 2.3.1.1 What is a phrasal verb? 2.3.1.2 Some common phrasal verbs 2.3.2 Practice on Phrasal Verbs 2.4 Evaluation of the results of the study 2.4.1 Findings of the study 2.4.2 The effectiveness of the study in comparison with the previous methods CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 3.1 General Overview and Enhancement of the study 3.2 Suggestions for further studies 3.3 Recommendations 1 1 2 2 3 14 14 SIGNATURE AND COMMITMENT REFERENCES 16 17 14 15 15 15 15 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale of the Study Phrasal verbs are essential parts of spoken and written English at all levels These are really difficult topics but interesting when we take deep investigation into them Not only students but also many teachers are challenged by phrasal verbs and idioms They appear in part E of Unit 14 and Unit 15 of the textbook of English 12 – basic curriculum When teaching these points, I myself find it confusing to get students to memorize the forming of the phrasal verbs and idioms The only way to keep them in our minds is to learn by heart and to practice regularly During my teaching and carrying out extensive research into this problem, I found it necessary to provide more common phrasal verbs and also extra practice for teachers and students when teaching and learning this For all the reasons, I would like to conduct my research on the topic: “Common Phrasal Verbs and Sentence Transformation Exercises” 1.2 Aim of the Study The main aims of the research are: - To provide teachers and students with some common phrasal verbs in English used in sentence transformation exercises - To provide opportunity to practice writing skills, especially the skill of doing sentence transformation exercises for gifted students - To hope to provide reference materials for any teachers or students who intend to master the language of English or want to make their English more natural and more fluent 1.3 Method of the Study Multi-methods are integrated to conduct this research, including mainly methods of observation and analysis Beside, the research is undertaken as a result of the reality of the long-time process of my daily teaching at school 1.4 Objective and Scope of the Study The objective of the study is phrasal verbs and idioms that are often used in sentence transformation exercises, including rewrite the sentences using the given words and rewrite the sentences using the key word(s) Some of them are taken from the textbook of English 12 of basic curriculum, and the others are collected from a variety of kinds of other material sources Because of many reasons, both subjective and objective, the study will limit itself within “sentences transformation with some common phrasal verbs and idioms”, and this will mainly apply to the gifted students or those who intentionally attend the classes learning Literature, Math and English, known as group D or Math, Physics and English – group A1 CONTENT 2.1 Theoretic basis of the problem As mentioned, phrasal verbs and idioms play a vital role in learning English Anyone who does not know them well are not considered good learners or speakers The most interesting thing when we study them is that they are almost unsystematically formed from so easy single words and that they have completely different meaning that is not related to the original words And it is unsystematic combination that challenges not only students but also many teachers Take another example of this: The only people he looks up to are his grandparents The meaning of this sentence is not related to the single word “look”, “up” or “to” itself It means: The only people he respects are his grandparents or The only people he admires are his grandparents Phrasal verbs and idioms occur around the textbooks of English 10, English 11 and English 12 and are the main contents of part E – Language Focus in English 12 at units 14 and 15 The only way to master them is to learn by heart and to practice them again and again This research hopes to be a good material for both teachers and students in their teaching and learning 2.2 Practical basis of the problem Ba Thuoc High School is located in the rural area with many mountainous and poor villages People here are mainly farmers with average and low living standard As a result, students did not have much good chance of studying and using English until recently Students (and even their teachers) not have an English environment to practice Learning English here has not still been really important to students and people here Therefore, the teachers have so much difficulty in teaching English Working as a teacher for a long time, I myself understand the nature of the problem and usually find it necessary to find out the ways to improve the situation I try my best to this research with a view to getting my students and other teachers to benefit from it by giving them more opportunities to practice and to better their English 2.3 Solutions to the problem After studying the content of the textbooks English 10, 11 and 12, especially the part E – Language Focus of units 14 and 15, and taking deep investigation into this problem, I have found out some useful measures to deal with this problem The study consists of two main parts: Some Common Phrasal Verbs often used in Sentence Transformation Exercises, with clear meaning and examples and Practice, with exercises of rewriting the sentences using the given words and the key words at all levels 2.3.1.Some common phrasal verbs 2.3.1.1 What is a phrasal verb? A phrasal verb is a two-part or three-part verb and is sometimes called a compound verb It is a combination of a verb and an adverb, a verb and a preposition, and a verb with an adverb and a preposition It can have a literal meaning that is easy to understand because the meaning is clear from the words that are used It can also have an idiomatic meaning which cannot easily be understood by looking at the words themselves * Verb and Adverb: run + around - to run around something: to run in a circle around something (literal meaning) E.g The dog ran around the tree - to run around somewhere: to go to various places to something (idiomatic meaning) E.g I spent the day running around downtown * Verb and Preposition: run + into - to run into someone/ something: to hit or crash into someone or something (literal meaning) E.g The car ran into the truck on the busy street - to run into someone: to meet someone by chance (idiomatic meaning) E.g I ran into my friend in a restaurant yesterday * Verb and Adverb and Preposition: run + around + with - to run around with someone - to be friends and things with someone or with a group of people (idiomatic meaning) The boy is running around with a bad group of people 2.3.1.2 Some Common Phrasal Verbs This research will not focus on the form of phrasal verbs but give some common ones that are used in the exercises of rewriting the sentences + Add up to: to make a total amount of something E.g The bills add up to £734.96 That's more than I expected! + Bring up: raise; rear: Bring Sb up/ bring up Sb: to care for a child, teaching him or her how to behave, etc E.g - Lucy's parents died when she was a baby Her grandparents brought her up Bring St up/ bring up St: to mention a subject or start to talk about it E.g - Bring it up at the meeting + Brush St up/ brush up St/ brush up on St: to quickly improve a skill, especially when you have not used it for a time E.g - I must brush up on my Spanish before I go to Peru + Burn down: to be destroyed by fire (burn St down/ burn down St: to destroy St by fire) E.g - The house burned down in 1895 - Lightning struck Mr Kennedy's barn last night It burned down before the fire fighters arrived + Call St off/ call off St: to cancel St that has been scheduled; to decide that St will not happen E.g - They have called off their engagement - The game was called off because of bad weather + Call on/upon Sb: to ask Sb for an answer in class; to formally invite or ask Sb to speak, etc E.g - I don't know why the teacher never calls on you You always know the answer - I now call upon the chairman to address the meeting + Care for Sb: to look after Sb who is sick, very old, very young, etc (synonym: take care of); to love or like Sb very muc E.g - She moved back home to care for her elderly parents - He cared for her more than she realized + Break in: to enter a building by force E.g - Burglars had broken in while we were away + Break into St: to enter a building by force, to open a car, etc by force E.g - We had our car broken into last week + Break up: to separate into smaller pieces; to come to an end, to end a personal relationship E.g - The ship broke up on the rocks - Their marriage has broken up - Tim and Julie aren't going steady any more They got really angry with each other and broke up + Bring Sb/St back/ Bring back Sb/St: to return Sb/St E.g - Please bring back all library books by the end of the week - He brought me back in his car + Catch up with Sb: to reach Sb who is ahead by going faster; to reach the same level or standard as Sb who was better or more advanced E.g - Terry stopped to rest for a few minutes He'll catch up with us later - After missing a term through illness he had to work hard to catch up with the others + Check in (at…): to register for a hotel, a conference, etc.; let someone know officially that you have arrived E.g - We’ve checked in at the hotel - Please check in at least an hour before departure + Check out (of…): to pay your bill and leave a hotel, etc E.g - Don't forget to take your room key to the front desk when you check out - I’m sorry, they aren’t here They checked out this morning + Cheer up: to become more cheerful; Cheer Sb/St up/ cheer up Sb/St: to make Sb/St more cheerful E.g - Suzie's brother was depressed about not getting a promotion, so she sent him a funny card to cheer him up - Give Mary a call, she needs cheering up + Draw St up/ draw up St: to make or write St that needs careful thought or planning (a contract or a list, etc.) E.g - The Ajax and Tip-Top Banks have decided to merge Their lawyers will draw all the official documents up sometime this month + Drop in/ drop by/ drop round/ drop in on Sb/ drop into St: to pay an informal visit to a person or a place E.g - If you're in town next month, we'd love to see you Please try to drop in (Please try to drop in on us.) + Come across Sb/St (no passive): to meet or find Sb/St by chance E.g - I came across children sleeping under bridges - She came across some old photographs in a drawer + Eat out: to have a meal in a restaurant E.g - Do you feel like eating out tonight? + Eat up/ eat St up/ eat up St: to eat all of St E.g - Eat up! We’ve got to go out soon - Come on Eat up your potatoes + Count on Sb/St: to trust to St or to be sore that St will happen E.g - I’m counting on you to help me - Few people can count on having a job for life - We can’t count on this warm weather lasting + End up: to find yourself in a place or situation that you did not intend or expect to be in E.g - I ended up doing all the work myself - If you go on like this you’ll end up in prison - If he carries on driving like that, he’ll end up dead + Face up to St: to accept and deal with St that is difficult or unpleasant; to take responsibility for… E.g - She had to face up to the fact that she would never walk again - You have to face up to your responsibilities + Fall through: to not be completed, or not happen E.g - Our plans fell through because of lack of money - We had originally intended to go to Mexico for our vacation, but our trip fell through when I got sick + Feel for Sb: to have sympathy for Sb E.g - I really felt for her when her husband died - I feel for you, honestly + Feel up to St: to have the strength and energy to or deal with St E.g - Do we have to go to the party? I really don’t feel up to it - I know the accident was a terrible shock Do you feel up to talking about it? + Figure Sb/St out; Figure out Sb/St: to think about Sb/St until you understand them/it; to solve a problem by thinking about it carefully E.g - For a long time I couldn't understand the last problem, but I finally figured it out - I can't figure Margie out Sometimes she's very warm and friendly and sometimes she acts as if she doesn't know me + Fill in St/ Fill St in: to complete a form, etc by writing information E.g - The office needs to know your home address and phone number Could you fill them in on this form? + Fill in for Sb: to Sb’s job for a short time while they are not there, to temporarily substitute for another person E.g - You are going to fill in for me while I am away next week + Fill out St/ Fill St out: to fill St in E.g - Of course I completed my application I filled it out and mailed it over three weeks ago + Get along (with Sb)/ Get on (well) (with Sb): to have a friendly relationship with Sb E.g - Why can't you and your sister get along? Everyone else gets along with her just fine! - She’s never really got on with her sister - She and her sister have never really got on + Get over St (syn: overcome St, recover from St): to recover from an illness, a shock or painful experience; to deal with or gain control of St, etc E.g - She can’t get over her shyness - Katy was really upset when she failed the test She thought she would never get over feeling so stupid - He was disappointed at not getting the job, but he’ll get over it + Get down to (doing) St: to begin to St, to give serious attention to St E.g - Let’s get down to business - It’s time I got down to thinking about that essay + Give up: to stop trying to St E.g - She doesn’t give up easily + Give St up/ Give up St/ Give up doing St: to stop doing St E.g - She didn’t give up work when she had the baby - You ought to give up smoking + Go out (with Sb): to leave your house to go to a social event; to spend time with Sb and have romantic or sexual relationship with them E.g - She goes out drinking most evenings - Tom has been going out with Lucy for six weeks + Hand in St(to Sb)/ Hand St in (to Sb): to submit homework, an assignment, etc., to give St to a person in authority, especially a piece of work or St that is lost E.g - You must all hand in your projects by the end of next week - You'd better get started on your report You know that you have to hand it in at 8:30 tomorrow morning! + Hand out St (to Sb)? Hand St out (to Sb): to distribute St to the members of a group E.g - Could you hand these books out, please? - Why don't you have a course description and list of assignments? The teacher handed them out on the first day of class." + Hang up: to end a telephone conversation by putting the telephone receiver down or switching the telephone off E.g - After I up I remembered what I’d wanted to say - I'd like to talk longer, but I'd better hang up My sister needs to make a call + Hang St up/ Hang up St: to finish using St for the last time E.g - Ruth has up her dancing shoes + Hold up/ Hang up St: to delay or block the movement or progress of Sb/St; to steal from a bank, shop/store, etc using a gun E.g - An accident is holding up traffic - When she was walking home last night, two men held her up and took her purse + Keep on: to continue E.g - I'm not ready to stop yet I think I'll keep on working for a while + Look down on Sb/St: to think that you are better than Sb/St E.g - She looks down on people who haven’t been too college - It's not surprising that Fred has few friends He seems to look down on anyone who doesn't like the same things that he does + Look over: to examine St to see how good, big, etc it is E.g - We looked over the house again before we decided we would rent it - I think I may have some typos in this report Could you look it over? + Look up to Sb: to admire Sb, to repect Sb E.g - Everyone looks up to Joyce because she always makes time to help others + Keep on: to continue E.g - The train kept on all night + Make St up/ Make up St: to form St, to invent a story, etc, especially in order to trick or entertain Sb E.g - Women make up 56% of the students numbers - Judy's story is hard to believe I'm sure she made it up + Pass away: to die E.g - I was very sorry to hear that your grandfather passed away + Put off: to postpone, to delay E.g - I can't put this work off any longer If I don't it soon, it'll be impossible to finish it in time + Put up with: to tolerate E.g - It's really important to come to work on time The boss won't put up with lateness + Put back: to return something to the proper place E.g - I've finished with these books Do you want me to put them back on the shelves? + Run into Sb: to meet Sb by chance E.g - Yesterday at the supermarket, Jan ran into her former roommate Before yesterday, they hadn't seen each other for nearly five years + Run out (of St): to use up or finish a supply of St E.g - Could I have a cigarette? I seem to have run out - On the way home from work, Arthur ran out of gas." + Show off: to try to impress others by talking about your abilities, possessions, etc E.g - He’s just showing off because that girl he likes is here + Show up: to arrive where you have arranged to meet Sb or St E.g - It was getting late when she finally showed up - The boss was very upset when you didn't show up for the meeting What happened? + Stand for (no passive): to be an abbreviation or symbol of St E.g - The book’s by T.C Smith What does “T.C” stand for? + Take after Sb (no passive): to look or behave like an older member of your family, especially your mother or father; to resemble Sb E.g - Both my sister and I take after our father + Take care of Sb/St/Yourself: to care for Sb/St/yourself; to be careful about St E.g - Lois has been taking care of her father since he returned home from the hospital + Take off: (of an aircraft, etc.) to leave the ground and begin to fly; Take St off/ Take of St – to remove St, especially a piece of clothing from your/Sb’s body E.g - The plane took off an hour late - Please take your hat off when you go inside a building + Try out: to use a machine briefly to determine how well it works E.g - I really like the way this car looks May I try it out? + Turn Sb/St down/ Turn down Sb/St: to reduce the noise, heat, etc produced by a piece of equipment by moving its controls; to reject or refuse to consider an offer, a proposal, etc or the person who makes it E.g - He asked her to marry him but she turned him down + Turn up/ Turn St up/ Turn up St: to arrive; to increase the sound, heat, etc of a piece of equipment E.g - We arranged to meet at 7.30, but she never turned up - I can barely hear the TV Can you turn it up a little? + Write St down/ Write down St: to write St on paper, especially in order to remember or record it E.g - Could you tell me your e-mail address again? I want to write it down 2.3.2 Practice on phrasal verbs EXERCISE 1: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words A rather nasty problem has appeared => We’ve come …………………………………………………………………… Brenda doesn’t get on with her next-door neighbour any more => Brenda has …………………………………………………………… ……… That isn’t my car => That car ………………………………………………………………………… The hotel gives you everything except a toothbrush! => It provides ……………………………………………………………………… She looks like my cousin => She reminds me ………………………………………………………………… It’s wrong to keep offering people drinks => Don’t keep plying ……………………………………………….……………… I’d like to meet your parents => Please introduce ………………………………………………….……………… $100 sounds reasonable for that camera Have you looked at prices in other shops? => Have you compared …………………………………………………………… I burst into tears when I heard the bad news => I broke …………………………………………………………………………… 10 Jean persuaded the others to agree with her point of view => Jean brought ……………………………………………………… …………… EXERCISE 2: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words I’ll the ironing in the end => I’ll get …………………………………………………………….…………… The arrangements for our holiday didn’t come to anything => Our holiday ……………………………………………………………………… The best solution was thought of by Sally => Sally came …………………………………………………………………… Gerry has applied for the job of financial director => Gerry has put …………………………………………………………… …… Our teacher used Sophia as an example of a good student => Our teacher held ……………………………………………………….……… I’m not much interested in sports => I don’t really go ………………………………………………………….…… Terry was rude but Anne got her revenge on him => Anne paid …………………………………………………………….………… You can stay with us for a week => We can ……………………………………………………………… ………… The police only warned Sally because it was her first offence => Sally was let … 10 Sue drew attention to the flaw in the plan => Sue pointed …………………………………………… ……………………… EXERCISE 3: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words The huge traffic jam on the motorway delayed us for several hours (held) => The huge traffic jam on the motorway ………………… …… for several hours Our plane’s departure time is 10.00 am (takes) => Our plane ………………………….………………………………… 10.00 am She owns all this land now ( belongs ) => All ………………………………….………… ………………………… now Can you take me to the station by car? ( give) => Can you ……………………………………….………………… to the station? There is no sugar left (run) => We have ………………………………… ……………………………… sugar I’ll never be able to persuade her to agree with the idea ( bring) => I’ll never ……………… ………………………………………… to the idea I found my old diary by chance (came) => I ………………………………………………….…… my old diary by chance The football match was postponed due to the rain (put ) => The football match was ………………………… …………… due to the rain It’s a very formal dinner party (dress) => We are expected ………………………………………… for the dinner party 10 An ankle injury prevented her from taking part in the race (drop) => She had to ………………………… the race because of an ankle injury EXERCISE 4: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words Peter always trusts me with his secrets (in) => …………………………………………………………………………………… I don’t understand the reference of this phrase (to) => …………………………………………………………………………………… You were in my dreams last night (about) => …………………………………………………………………………………… This house brings home to mind! (of) => …………………………………………………………………………………… Tina rewrote the French book in Spanish (from) => …………………………………………………………………………………… Christmas and roast turkey go together in my mind (with) => …………………………………………………………………………………… I think a rest would you good (from) => …………………………………………………………………………………… When he has to face a crisis, Tony panics (faced) => …………………………………………………………………………………… Collecting stamps gives me a lot of pleasure (derive) => …………………………………………………………………………………… 10 The deaths of over fifty people were caused by the storm (resulted) => ………………………………………………………………………… ……… EXERCISE 5: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words We have given winter equipment to all the soldiers (provide) => ……………………………………………………………………… ………… You haven’t explained exactly how the money disappeared (accounted) => …………………………………………………………………………………… Brian is good at looking after the sick (care) => …………………………………………………………………… …….……… That sort of behaviour is deplorable, in my opinion (approve) => …………………………………………………………………………………… The new lecturer was unpopular with his students (take) => …………………………………………………………………………………… We wouldn’t want to restrict the freedom of the students in any way (impose) => ……………………………………………………………………….………… I suddenly realized the meaning of a “freebie” (dawn) => ………………………………………………………………………… ……… His charming manners deceived several people, including me (taken) => …………………………………………………………………… …………… 10 I don’t think this record will ever be popular (catch) => …………………………………………………………………… …………… EXERCISE 6: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words A police car has just stopped outside (up) => …………………………………………………………………………………… They didn’t punish Karen, only gave her a warning (got) => …………………………………………………………………………………… What are you trying to say? (at) => …………………………………………………………………………………… Graham stopped talking to deal with a customer (off) => …………………………………………………………………………………… I have to leave early because something has happened (up) => …………………………………………………………………………………… John is a bit too ill to go out (up) => …………………………………………………………………… …………… You can rely on Susan for help (count) => ……………………………………………………………………… ………… What sort of progress are you making in your new job? (getting) => …………………………………………………………………………………… Because it was late, I had to walk home in the end (up) => …………………………………………………………………… …………… 10 Ted’s illness was caused by overwork (on) => ………………………………………………………………… ……………… ANSWER KEY EXERCISE 1: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words up against a rather nasty problem fallen out with her next-door neighbour doesn’t belong to me you with everything except a toothbrush of my cousin people with drinks me to your parents prices of that camera with those in other shops? down when I heard the bad news 10 the others round to her point of view EXERCISE 2: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words round to the ironing in the end fell through up with the best solution in for the job of financial director up Sophia as an example of a good student 6 in for sports Terry back for being rude to her put you up for a week off with a warning because it was her first offence 10 out the flaw in the plan EXERCISE 3: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words held us up bring her round takes off at came across this land belongs to her put off give me a lift to dress up run out of 10 drop out of EXERCISE 4: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words Peter always confide in me I don’t understand what this phrase refers to I dreamt about you last night This house reminds me of home Tina translated/rewrote the book from French into Spanish I associate Christmas with roast turkey I think you would benefit from a rest When faced with a crisis, Tony panics./ Faced with a crisis, Tony panics I derive a lot of pleasure from collecting stamps 10 The deaths of over fifty people resulted from the storm EXERCISE 5: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words We have provided all the soldiers with winter equipment You haven’ accounted exactly for how the money disappeared Brian is good at caring for the sick./ Brian is good at taking care of the sick./ Brian is well able to care for the sick.) I don’t approve of that sort of behaviour The students didn’t take to the new lecturer We wouldn’t want to impose any restrictions on the freedom of the students It suddenly dawned on me what the meaning of a “freebie” was./The meaning of a “freebie” dawned on me Several people were taken in by his charming manners, including me 10 I don’t think this record will ever catch on EXERCISE 6: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words A police car has just drawn up outside Karen got off with a warning What are you getting at? Graham broke off to deal with a customer I have to leave early because something has come up/ cropped up 6 John doesn’t feel up to going out You can count on Susan for help How are you getting on in your new job? Because it was late, I ended up walking home 10 Ted’s illness was brought on by overwork 2.4.Evaluatiion the results of the study 2.4.1 Findings of the study After a trial period in some classes at Ba Thuoc High School in the school year 2015 - 2016, I noticed that the students made a considerable progress in comparison with those in the previous years They know more phrasal verbs and know how to rewriting sentences exercises with them effectively Specific findings School year 2014 – 2015: 8-10 6.5-7.9 5-6.5