TIẾNG ANH KINH TẾ Slides unit 6 transport

TRANSPORTATION • • • • • • • • Carton Bale Container Drum Crate Case Barrel Sack        Gearboxes Meat Tyres Crockery Cement Wine Flowers  Fragile  Keep Dry  This Side Up  Heavy  Do Not Freeze  Do Not Stack  Explosives  Symbol (exploding bomb): black on orange bottom, the number "1" in the bottom corner Goods transported by rail -Bulk liquids -Dry cargo -Coal • Advantages of rail transportation -Rarely affected by weather conditions -Quicker and cheaper for distances over 200 km • Disadvantages of rail transportation -Transhipment to other forms of transport essential -Inflexible timetabling • Types of sea transport -Freighter -VLCC -RoRo ferry -Boats -Ships -Canoes -Submarines • Goods transported by sea -Bulk goods -Scrap metal • Advantages of sea transportation -Very high capacity of load -Low freight rates -World-wide transport operations -Continuous operations on 24-hour basis • Disadvantages of sea transportation -Transhipment to other forms of transport essential -Inflexible timetabling -Delays due to bad weather -High capacity means disproportionate increase in transit time -Heavier packaging -Slow speeds -Low speed over long distances - Less frequent services • Types of air transport -Seaplanes -Passenger jets -Helicopters -Airships -Hot-balloons • Goods transported by air -Platinum -Medical supplies -Fashion goods -Fresh flowers • Advantages of air transportation -High travelling speed -High speed delivery -Cheap insurance because goods are at risk for shorter periods -World-wide transport operations • Disadvantages of air transportation -Transhipment to other forms of transport essential -Restrictions on weight and size • -Inflexible timetabling -Delays due to bad weather -Operating and maintenance costs are high -High freight rates Nature of the goods -Dimensions -Weight -Value -Fragility -Perishability -Pilferability • The time factor: Fast transport -Reduce distribution cost -Reduce cost of finance tied up in transit -Require less insurance cover -Means earlier use/ resale of goods • Freight rates -Sea freight rates -Air freight rates • ... rail transportation -Transhipment to other forms of transport essential -Inflexible timetabling • Types of sea transport -Freighter -VLCC -RoRo ferry -Boats -Ships -Canoes -Submarines • Goods transported... -Security problem • Types of rail transport -Trains -Trolleys -Trams -Hopper wagon • Goods transported by rail -Bulk liquids -Dry cargo -Coal • Advantages of rail transportation -Rarely affected... Advantages of sea transportation -Very high capacity of load -Low freight rates -World-wide transport operations -Continuous operations on 24-hour basis • Disadvantages of sea transportation -Transhipment