The visible light we see from our Sun comes from which part?b Corona c Photosphere d Chromosphere e Convection zone © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc... The visible light we see from our Sun
Trang 1TO THE UNIVERSE
EIGHTH EDITION
CHAPTER 9
The Sun
Clickers
Trang 2The visible light we see from our Sun comes from which part?
b) Corona
c) Photosphere
d) Chromosphere
e) Convection zone
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Trang 3The visible light we see from our Sun comes from which part?
b) Corona
c) Photosphere
d) Chromosphere
e) Convection zone
Explanation: The photosphere
is a relatively narrow layer below
the chromosphere and corona,
with an average temperature of
about 6000 K
Trang 4The density of the Sun is most similar to that of
a) a comet
b) Jupiter
c) Earth
d) interstellar gas
e) an asteroid
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Trang 5The density of the Sun is most similar to that of
a) a comet
b) Jupiter.
c) Earth
d) interstellar gas
e) an asteroid
Explanation: The Sun is a ball
of charged gas, without a solid
surface Jupiter has a similar
composition, but does not have
enough mass to be a star
Trang 6The Sun is stable as a star because
a) gravity balances forces from
pressure
b) the rate of fusion equals the
rate of fission
c) radiation and convection balance
d) mass is converted into energy
e) fusion doesn’t depend on temperature
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Trang 7The Sun is stable as a star because
a) gravity balances forces from
pressure.
b) the rate of fusion equals the
rate of fission
c) radiation and convection balance
d) mass is converted into energy
e) fusion doesn’t depend on temperature
Explanation: The principle of hydrostatic equilibrium explains how stars maintain their stability
Trang 8The proton–proton cycle involves what kind of fusion process?
a) Carbon (C) into oxygen (O)
b) Helium (He) into carbon (C)
c) Hydrogen (H) into helium (He)
d) Neon (Ne) into silicon (Si)
e) Oxygen (O) into iron (Fe)
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Trang 9The proton–proton cycle involves what kind of fusion process?
a) Carbon (C) into oxygen (O)
b) Helium (He) into carbon (C)
c) Hydrogen (H) into helium (He)
d) Neon (Ne) into silicon (Si)
e) Oxygen (O) into iron (Fe)
Explanation: In the P–P cycle,
four hydrogen nuclei (protons)
fuse into one helium nucleus,
releasing gamma rays and
neutrinos
Trang 10A neutrino can escape from the solar core within minutes How long does it take a photon to escape?
a) Minutes
b) Hours
c) Months
d) Hundreds of years
e) About a million years
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Trang 11A neutrino can escape from the solar core within minutes How long does it take a photon to escape?
a) Minutes
b) Hours
c) Months
d) Hundreds of years
e) About a million years
Explanation: Gamma ray photons
are absorbed and reemitted continuously in the layers above the core They gradually shift in spectrum to visible and infrared light at the photosphere
Trang 12What is probably responsible for the increase in temperature of the corona far from the Sun’s surface?
a) The higher rate of fusion
b) The Sun’s magnetism
c) Higher radiation pressures
d) Absorption of X-rays
e) Convection currents
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Trang 13What is probably responsible for the increase in temperature of the corona far from the Sun’s surface?
a) The higher rate of fusion
b) The Sun’s magnetism
c) Higher radiation pressures
d) Absorption of X-rays
e) Convection currents
Explanation: Apparently, the Sun’s
magnetic field acts like a pump to
increase the speeds of particles in
the upper corona
Trang 14The number of sunspots and solar activity in general peaks
a) every 27 days, the apparent rotation period of the Sun’s surface
b) once a year
c) every 5½ years
d) every 11 years
e) approximately every 100 years
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Trang 15The number of sunspots and solar activity in general peaks
a) every 27 days, the apparent rotation period of the Sun’s surface
b) once a year
c) every 5½ years
d) every 11 years.
e) approximately every 100 years
Explanation: The sunspot cycle shows a consistent 11-year pattern of activity dating back more than 300 years
Trang 16The solar neutrino problem refers to the fact that astronomers
a) cannot explain how the Sun is stable
b) detect only one-third the number of neutrinos
expected by theory
c) cannot detect neutrinos easily
d) are unable to explain how neutrinos oscillate between other types
e) cannot create controlled fusion reactions on Earth
© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
Trang 17The solar neutrino problem refers to the fact that astronomers
a) cannot explain how the Sun is stable
b) detect only one-third the number of neutrinos expected by theory.
c) cannot detect neutrinos easily
d) are unable to explain how
neutrinos oscillate between other types
e) cannot create controlled fusion
reactions on Earth
Explanation: Further experiments have shown that solar neutrinos can change into other types that were not initially detected