Analysis of product upgrading in weaving value chain addis ababa shiromeda

SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES (POPULATION, RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT STREAM) ANALYSIS OF PRODUCT UPGRADING IN WEAVING VALUE CHAIN: ADDIS ABABA SHIROMEDA M.A Thesis By: Zerihun Alebachew July, 2017 Addis Ababa University i|Page ANALYSIS OF PRODUCT UPGRADING IN WEAVING VALUE CHAIN: ADDIS ABABA (SHIRO MEDA) A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies of Addis Ababa University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Art in Population, Resources and Development By Zerihun Alebachew Advisor Tebarek Lika(PhD) July, 2017 ii | P a g e Statement of the Researcher I solemnly declare that this thesis has not been presented to any other institution anywhere for the award of any academic degree, diploma, or certificate and it is my authentic work and that all sources of materials used for this thesis have been duly acknowledged This thesis is to be submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for M.A degree at Addis Ababa University and it will be made available at the university libraries to borrowers under rules of the Library Brief quotations from this thesis are allowing without special permission, except acknowledgements of the source Requests for permission for extended quotation or coping of the thesis in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the department or the School of Graduate Studies Dean In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author iii | P a g e Addis Ababa University School of Graduate Studies This is to certify that the thesis prepared by Zerihun Alebachew, titled: Analysis of Product Upgrading in Weaving Value Chain in Addis Ababa: Shiro Meda for the Degree of Master of Arts (in Population, Resources and Development) complies with the regulation of the University and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality Approved by the examining committee: Advisor Signature Date Dr Tebarek Lika Examiner Signature Prof Tegegn Gebre-Egizaber Examiner Dr Kassa Teshager _ Signature _ Date Date _ Chair of Department of Graduate Program iv | P a g e Acknowledgement Special thanks to the omnipotent God for his guidance to my work come to success My thanks go to my advisor Dr Tebarek Lika for his guidance that made this thesis possible I also appreciate his tolerance during the course of this work and enthusiasm to see the best of this study I really cannot stop be thankful for his outstanding guidance and comments throughout the course of the study And thanks to also my informants for their fortitude in providing me with all the information I wanted for this study i|Page Acronyms and Abbreviations AACCSA Addis Ababa Chamber of Commerce & Sectoral Associations C/HMI Cottage/Handicraft Manufacturing Industry CSA Central Statistics Authority ESD Education for Sustainable Development ETB Ethiopian Birr EDRI Ethiopian Development Research Institute FOP Factor of Production GNI Gross National Income HIE Higher Income Economies ILO International Labor Organization LIE Lower Income Economies LMIE Lower Middle Income Economies MSEs Micro and Small Enterprises PLC Private Limited Company PPP Purchasing Power Parity SSEA Small Scale Enterprise Administration TIDA Trade and Industry Department Administration TWI Traditional Weaving Industry UMIE Upper Middle Income Economies UNIDO United Nation Industrial Development Organization USAID United States Agency for International Development VCA Value Chain Analysis WB World Bank ii | P a g e Table of Contents List of Contents Page Acknowledgement i Acronyms and Abbreviations ii Table of Contents iii List of Contents iii List of Tables v List of Figures v Abstract vii CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study 1.2 Statement of the Problem 1.3 Objectives 1.3.1 General Objective 1.3.2 Specific Objectives 1.4 Research Questions 1.5 Significance of the Study 1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study 1.7 Organization of the Paper CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Definition of Value Chain 2.2 Forms of Value Chain 2.2.1 The Simple Value Chain 2.2.2 The Extended Value Chain 2.3 Importance of Value Chain Analysis (VCA) 2.4 Value Chain Upgrading 10 2.5 Product Upgrading 11 2.6 Weaving Value Chain Map 14 2.7 Weaving Value Chain in Ethiopia 16 iii | P a g e 2.8 Review of Empirical Studies 20 2.9 Conceptual Framework 23 CHAPTER THREE 24 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 24 3.1 Description of the Study Area 24 3.2 Research Design 26 3.3 Sources of Data and Method of Data Collection 26 3.4 Sample Size Determination and Sampling Technique 26 3.5 Method of Data Analysis 28 CHAPTER FOUR 29 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 29 4.1 Demographic Characteristics of Sample Respondents 29 4.1.1 Demographic Characteristics of Producer and Processer Respondents 29 4.1.2 Demographic Characteristics of Trader Respondents 32 4.1.3 Demographic Characteristics of Consumers 36 4.2 Weaving Production 38 4.3 Upgrading Weaving Product by Processing 43 4.4 Traders Commercial Activities 47 4.5 Weaving Product in the Eyes of Consumers 50 4.6 Value Chain Mapping of Weaving Product 53 CHAPTER FIVE 55 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 55 5.1 Conclusion 55 5.2 Recommendations 57 References 59 APPENDIX 63 iv | P a g e List of Tables Table 3.1: Total Population and Sample Distribution 28 Table 4.1: Producer and Processor Sample Respondents Distribution by Sex 29 Table 4.2: Trader Respondents Distribution by Sex 33 Table 4.3: Distribution of Consumer Respondents by Sex 37 Table 4.4: Producer raw material sources 39 Table 4.5: Price determination of weaving product 39 Table 4.6: Year of experiences of sample Producer and Processor 40 Table 4.7: Learning weaving production 41 Table 4.8: Average income of producers from per unit product eg kemis 41 Table 4.9: Purchasing power parity (PPP) of sample Producer and Processor 42 Table 4.10: Price determination of weaving final product 47 List of Figures Figure 2.1: Four links in a simple value chain Figure 2.2: The value chain approach; Map of weaving value chain 14 Figure 2.3:Traditional weaving products value chain map 15 Figure 2.4:Micro level actors of traditional weaving products value chain map 16 Figure 2.5: Conceptual Framework 23 Figure 3.1: Geographical map of the study area 25 Figure 4.1: Producer and Processor sample respondent distribution by age group 30 Figure 4.2: Producer and Processor respondent distribution by marital status 31 Figure 4.3: Producer and Processor sample respondent distribution by educational level 32 Figure 4.4: Trader respondent distribution by age category 34 v|Page Figure 4.5: Trader respondent distribution by marital status 35 Figure 4.6: Trader respondent distribution by educational level 36 Figure 4.7: Distribution of Consumer respondent by age group 37 Figure 4.8: Distribution of Consumer respondent by marital status 38 Figure 4.9: Production of weaving product 42 Figure 4.10: Production of weaving product 43 Figure 4.11: Price and contract agreement 44 Figure 4.12: Constraints in the process of weaving product 45 Figure 4.13: Processing of weaving product 46 Figure 4.14: Processing of weaving product 46 Figure 4.15: Trader judgment in the current weaving price 47 Figure 4.16: Customers of Traders 48 Figure 4.17: Trading of weaving product 49 Figure 4.18: Trading of weaving product 50 Figure 4.19: Consumer of weaving product 51 Figure 4.20: Consumer of weaving product 52 Figure 4.21: Income category of consumers 53 Figure 4.22: Product upgrading of value chain map in weaving sector 54 vi | P a g e Ingrid Fromm (2007) Upgrading in Agricultural Value Chains: The Case of Small Producers in Honduras Institute of Global and Area Studies GIGA Hamburg ILO (2010) Gender Mainstreaming in Local Economic Development Strategies (http:// www.ilo.org.) Jacques H Trienekens (2011) Agricultural Value Chains in Developing Countries A Framework for Analysis Wageningen: IFAMA Jonathan Mitchell, Christopher Coles and Jodie Keane (2009) Upgrading along Value Chains: strategies for poverty reduction in Latin America Jörg Meyer-Stamer and Frank Wältring (2007) Linkng Value Chain Analysis and The ''Making Markets Work Better for The Poor'' concept Duisburg and Dortmund: gtz Merima Abudullahi and Gezahegn Ayele (Ph.D) (2008) Agri-Chain Analysis of Cotton SubSector in Ethiopia Addis Ababa Ethiopian Development Research Institute (EDRI) Mico links https://www.microlinks.org/good-practice-center/value-chain-wiki/types-upgrading Mulat, D., N Tewodros, D Solomon, B Assefa and A Temesgen (2004) Decent Work Deficits in the Ethiopian Cotton Sector Addis Ababa: SRO Porter, M.E (1985) Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance New York: Free Press Raphael Kaplinsky and Mike Morris (2000) A handbook for value chain research New york: IDRC Raphael Kaplinsky, Mike Morris, and Jeff Readman (2002) Understanding Upgrading Using Value Chain Analysis University of Brighton and Natal Rickey Rani Boruah and Dr Satvinder Kaur (2015) A study on the analysis of the economics of weavers’ cooperative societies in Assam (http://www.ijsrp.org) Silverman A and Raymond (1999) Traditions of Creativity Seattle and London: University of Washington Press UNIDO 2009 Agro Value Chain Analysis and Development Vienna A staff working paper World Bank (2016) New Country Classifications by Income Level (https://blogs.worldbank.org/2016) Yamane Taro (1967).Statistics, An introductory Analysis New York: Academic Press 60 | P a g e APPENDIX አዲስ አበባ ዩኒቨርስቲ የማህበራዊ ሳይንስ ኮሌጅ የጂኦግራፊ እና አካባቢያዊ ጥናት የትምህርት ክፍል የህዝብ፣ ሀብት እና ልማት ንዑስ ትምህርት “Product Upgrading of Value Chain Analysis in Weaving Sector: Addis Ababa Shiro Meda” የዚህ መጠይቅ ዋና ዓላማ ለሚደረገው ትምህርታዊ ጥናት መረጃ ለማሰባሰብ ነው፡፡ከዚህ መጠይቅ የሚገኘው መረጃ ለትምህርታዊ ጥናት ብቻ የሚውል እና ዋስትናው የተጠበቀ መሆኑን ላረጋግጥልዎት እፈልጋለሁ፡፡ ስለሆነም ከዚህ ለሚከተሉት ጥያቄዎች ትክክለኛ መልስ እንዲሰጡኝ በአክብሮት እጠይቃለሁ፡፡ በአምራቾች የሚሞላ መጠይቅ የመጠየቅ ኮድ የጠያቂው ስም ፊርማ ቀን ክፍል 1፡የመነሻጥያቄዎች (እባክዎ መልስዎ ላይ የክብ ምልክት ያስቀምጡ) ጾታ ሀ ወንድ ለ ሴት ዕድሜ _ የጋብቻ ሁኔታ ሀ ያላገባ ሐ አግብቶ የፈታ ለ ያገባ መ አግብቶ በሞት የተለየበት/ችበት የትምህርት ደረጃ ሀ ያልተማረ ሐ የመጀመሪያ ደረጃ (1-8) ለ መፃፍ እና ማንበብ መ ሁለተኛ ደረጃ (9-12) 63 | P a g e ክፍል 2፡ስለምርት እና ስለዋጋ (እባክዎ መልስዎ ላይ የክብ ምልክት ያድርጉ) የሸማ ምርትን ጥሬ እቃ ከየት ነው የሚያገኙት? ሀ ከገበሬዎች መ ከማህበራት ለ ከጅምላ ሻጮች ሠ ሌላ ካለ ይግለፁ _ ሐ ከችርቻሮ ሻጮች አንድን የሸማ ምርት ለማምረት ምን ያህል ጊዜ ያጠፋሉ? ለምሳሌ ቀሚስ _ የአንድን የሸማ ምርት ጥሬ እቃ ለመግዛት ምን ያህል ወጪ ያወጣሉ? ለምሳሌ ቀሚስ _ የሸማምርቶችን ዋጋ ማን ነው የሚወስ ነው? ሀ እኔ ሐ የገበያሁኔታ (አቅርቦት እና ፍላጎት) ለ ገዥ መ ድርድር በቀን ምን ያህል ያመርታሉ? ለምሳሌ ቀሚስ 10 በዋናነት ምርትዎን ለማን ነው የሚሸጡት? ሀ ለጠላፊዎች መ ለሸማቾች ለ ለጅምላ ነጋዴዎች ሠ ሌላ ካለ ይግለጹ _ ሐ ለችርቻሮ ነጋዴዎች 11 የሸማ ምርትን በማምረት ለምን ያህል ጊዜ ቆዩ _ 12 ምርትዎን ከመሸጥዎ በፊት ዋጋ ያጣራሉ? ሀ አዎ ለ አላጣራም 13 ምርትዎን በኮንትራት ስራ መልክ ነው የሚሠሩት? ሀ አዎ ለ አይደለም 14 ለጥያቄ ቁጥር 13 መልስዎ አዎ ከሆነ ከማ ጋር ነው በኮንትራት የሚሠሩት? _ 15 የራስዎ የሆነ የችርቻሮ ሱቅ አለዎት? ሀ አዎ ለ የለኝም 16 ለጥያቄ ቁጥር 15 መልስዎ የለኝም ከሆነ ለምን? 17 በሸማ ስራ ላይ ያሉ ችግሮች ምን ይመስልዎታል? ሀ የሸማቾች ፍላጎት ለ የህብረተሰቡ አስተሳሰብ ሐ የመንግስት ስርዓት (መመሪያ እና ደንብ) መ የአቅርቦት ችግር ሠ የገበያ ችግር ረ ምንም ዓይነት ችግር የለም ለ ሌላ ካለ ይግለፁ 18 እባክዎ ስለሸማ ስራ የሚሰማዎት ነገር ይግለፁ? 64 | P a g e አዲስ አበባ ዩኒቨርስቲ የማህበራዊ ሳይንስ ኮሌጅ የጂኦግራፊ እና አካባቢያዊ ጥናት የትምህርት ክፍል የህዝብ፣ ሀብት እና ልማት ንዑስ ትምህርት “Product Upgrading of Value Chain Analysis in Weaving Sector: Addis Ababa Shiro Meda” የዚህ መጠይቅ ዋና ዓላማ ለሚደረገው ትምህርታዊ ጥናት መረጃ ለማሰባሰብ ነው፡፡ከዚህ መጠይቅ የሚገኘው መረጃ ለትምህርታዊ ጥናት ብቻ የሚውል እና ዋስትናው የተጠበቀ መሆኑን ላረጋግጥልዎት እፈልጋለሁ፡፡ ስለሆነም ከዚህ ለሚከተሉት ጥያቄዎች ትክክለኛ መልስ እንዲሰጡኝ በአክብሮት እጠይቃለሁ፡፡ በእሴት ጨማሪዎች የሚሞላ መጠይቅ የመጠየቅ ኮድ የጠያቂው ስም ፊርማ ቀን ክፍል 1፡የመነሻጥያቄዎች (እባክዎ መልስዎ ላይ የክብ ምልክት ያስቀምጡ) ጾታ ሀ ወንድ ለ ሴት ዕድሜ _ የጋብቻ ሁኔታ ሀ ያላገባ ሐ አግብቶየፈታ ለ ያገባ መ አግብቶ በሞት የተለየበት/ችበት የትምህርት ደረጃ ሀ ያልተማረ ሐ የመጀመሪያ ደረጃ (1-8) ለ መፃፍ እና ማንበብ መ ሁለተኛ ደረጃ (9-12) ክፍል 2፡ስለምርት፣ገበያ እና ዋጋ (እባክዎ መልስዎ ላይ የክብ ምልክት ያስቀምጡ) አሁን ያለውን የገበያ ዋጋ እንዴት ይመዝኑታል? ሀ ርካሽ ነው ሐ ውድ ነው ለ መካከለኛ ነው የሸማ ምርቶችን ከየትነው የሚያገኙት? ሀ ከጅምላ ሻጮች መ ከማህበራት ለ ራሴ አዘጋጃለሁ ሠ ሌላ ካለ ይግለጹ ሐ ከቸርቻሬዎች በአንድ የሸማ ዕቃ ላይ እሴት ለመጨመር ምን ያህል ጊዜ ያጠፋሉ? ለምሳሌ ቀሚስ አንድ የሸማን ምርት ለመግዛት ምን ያህል ገንዘብ ያወጣሉ? ለምሳሌ ቀሚስ 65 | P a g e የሸማን ምርት ዋጋ ማነው የሚወስ ነው ሀ እኔ ራሴ ሐ የገበያ አቅርቦት እና ፍላጎት ለ ነጋዴዎች መ በስምምነት (በድርድር) 10 ምርትዎን በዋናነት ለማን ነው የሚሸጡት? ሀ ለነጋዴዎች ለ ለተጠቃሚዎች (ለሸማቾች) ሐ ሌላካለይግለፁ _ 11 የሸማ ምርት ላይ ዕሴት በመጨመር ሂደት ውስጥ የሚያጋጥሙ እንቅፋቶች ምንድን ናቸው? ሀ የጥራት እና የደረጃ ችግር መ የመንግስት መመሪያ እና የብሩክራሲችግር ለ የባለሞያ ሰራተኛ ችግር ሠ የመሠረተ ልማት አቅርቦት ችግር ሐ ብድር ያለመመቻቸ ትችግር ረ ሌላ ካለ ይግለፁ 12 ስለሸማ ስራ እንዴት ተማሩ? ሀ ከቤተሰብ ለ በመንግስት ከሚሰጥ ስልጠና ሐ በትምህርት መ ሸማን በመስራት ሠ ሌላ ካለ ይግለፁ 13 ጥሬ እቃ በበቂ ሁኔታ ያገኛሉ? ሀ አዎ አገኛለሁ ለ አላገኝም 14 ጥሬ እቃን በበቂ ሁኔታ የሚያገኙ ከሆነ ለምን የሚያገኙ ይመስልዎታል? 15 በወር ምን ያህል ገቢ ያገኛሉ? ሀ ከ 1000 ብርበታች ሐ ከ 3000 – 5000ብር ለ ከ 1000 – 3000ብር መ ከ 5000ብርበላይ 16 በሚሰሩት ስራ የሚያገኙትን ገቢ ለኑሮዎ እንዴት ያዩታል ሀ ደካማ ነው ሐ በቂ ነው ለ መካከለኛ ነው መ እጅግ በጣም ጥሩ ነው 17 የሸማ ምርትን በማምረት ሂደት ላይ ያሉ ችግሮች ምን ይመስልዎታል ሀ የሸማቾች ፍላጎት ሠ የመንግስት ስርዓት ለ የገበያ ችግር ረ የአቅርቦት ችግር ሐ የህብረተሰቡ አስተሳሰብ ሰ ሌላ ካለ ይግለፁ መ ምንም ዓይነት ችግር የለም 18 እባክዎ ስለሸማ ምርት የሚሰማዎት ነገር ይግለፁ 66 | P a g e አዲስ አበባ ዩኒቨርስቲ የማህበራዊ ሳይንስ ኮሌጅ የጂኦግራፊ እና አካባቢያዊ ጥናት የትምህርት ክፍል የህዝብ፣ ሀብት እና ልማት ንዑስ ትምህርት “Product Upgrading of Value Chain Analysis in Weaving Sector: Addis Ababa Shiro Meda” የዚህ መጠይቅ ዋና ዓላማ ለሚደረገው ትምህርታዊ ጥናት መረጃ ለማሰባሰብ ነው፡፡ከዚህ መጠይቅ የሚገኘው መረጃ ለትምህርታዊ ጥናት ብቻ የሚውል እና ዋስትናው የተጠበቀ መሆኑን ላረጋግጥልዎት እፈልጋለሁ፡፡ ስለሆነም ከዚህ ለሚከተሉት ጥያቄዎች ትክክለኛ መልስ እንዲሰጡኝ በአክብሮት እጠይቃለሁ፡፡ በነጋዴዋች የሚሞላ መጠይቅ የመጠየቅ ኮድ የጠያቂው ስም ፊርማ ቀን ክፍል 1፡የመነሻ ጥያቄዎች (እባክዎ መልስዎ ላይ የክብ ምልክት ያስቀምጡ) ጾታ ሀ ወንድ ለ ሴት ዕድሜ _ የጋብቻ ሁኔታ ሀ ያላገባ ሐ አግብቶ የፈታ ለ ያገባ መ አግብቶ በሞት የተለየበት/ችበት የትምህርት ደረጃ ሀ ያልተማረ ሐ የመጀመሪያ ደረጃ (1-8) ለ መፃፍ እና ማንበብ መ ሁለተኛ ደረጃ (9-12) ክፍል 2፡ የገበያ፣ የዕቃ እና የዋጋ ሁኔታ (እባክዎ መልስዎ ላይ የክብ ምልክት ያስቀምጡ) የዕቃን ዋጋ ማን ነው የሚወስ ነው? ሀ ራሴ ሐ የገበያ ሁኔታ (አቅርቦት እና ፍላጎት) ለ ገዥ መ ስምምነት አሁን ያለውን የገበያ ዋጋ እንዴት ይመዝኑታል? ሀ ርካሽ ነው ሐ ውድ ነው ለ መካከለኛ ነው የሸማ ምርቶች ላይ ወቅቶች ተፅዕኖ አላቸው ወይ? ሀ አዎ አላቸው ለ የላቸውም ለአንድ ዕቃ ምን ያህል ያስከፍላሉ? ለምሳሌ ቀሚስ ሀ 1000 ብር ሐ 3000 ብር ሠ ከ 4000 ብርበላይ ለ 2000 ብር መ 4000 ብር በአጠቃላይ የሸማ ንግድን አትራፊነት እንዴት ይመዝኑታል? ሀ በየጊዜው ትርፉ እየጨመረ ነው ሐ ትርፉም ኪሳራም የለውም እየቀነሰነው ለ ኪሳራ ነው መ ትርፉ እየቀነሰ ነው 67 | P a g e 10 ምርቶችን ከማን ነው የሚገዙት? ሀ ከሸማኔ መ ከተደራጁ ሸማኔዎች ለ ከጠላፊዎች ሠ ከቸርቻሪዎች ሐ ከጅምላ ሻጮች ረ ሌላ ካለ ይግለጹ 11 አቅራቢዎችን እንዴት ነው የምትስቧቸው? ሀ የተሻለ ዋጋ በመስጠት ሐ በገበያ የዋጋ ድርድር ለ ደንበኛ በመያዝ መ ሌላ ካለ ይግለፁ _ 12 ገዥዎችን እንዴት ነው ወደ እናንተ የምትስቧቸው? ሀ ዝቅተኛ ዋጋ በማቅረብ ሐ ጥራት ያለው ዕቃ በማቅረብ ለ በሰው በሰው መ ሌላ ካለ ይግለፁ 13 በመደበኛነት ደንበኞቻችሁ እነማን ናቸው ሀ የውጭ ዜጋ ለ.የሀገር ውስጥ ህብረተሰብ ክፍል ሐ.በውጭ የሚኖሩ ኢትዮጵያውያን 14 የሸማምርትዋጋበምንምክንያትይጨምራልእናይቀንሳል? ሀ በኑሮ ውድነት ሐ በጋቢ ለ በፍላጎት መ ሌላ ካለ ይግለፁ 15 የሚያገኙትን ገቢ እንዴት ይመዝኑታል? ሀ ዝቅተኛ ነው ለ መካከለኛ ነው ሐ ከፍተኛ ነው 16 በሸማ ምርት ንግድ ላይ የሚያጋጥማችሁ ችግሮች ምንድን ናቸው? ሀ የሸማች ፍላጎት ሠ የገበያ ችግር ለ የህብረተሰቡ አስተሳሰብ ረ ምንም ችግር የለም ሐ የመንግስት ስርዓት ሸ ሌላ ካለ ይግለፁ _ መ የአቅርቦት ችግር 17 ምን ያህል ዓመት በሸማ ንግድ ላይ አሳለፉ? ሀ ከ1ዓመትበታች ሐ ከ - 5ዓመት ለ ከ2 - ዓመት መ ከ 5ዓመትበላይ 18 የማህበረሰቡን የሸማ ምርቶች ፍላጎት እንዴት ይገመግሙታል ሀ ደካማ ነው መ በቂ ነው ለ መካከለኛ ነው ሠ በጣም ጥሩ ነው ሐ መሻሻል አለበት 19 እባክዎ ስለሻማ ምርት ንግድ የሚሰማዎት ነገር ካለ ይግለፁ 68 | P a g e አዲስ አበባ ዩኒቨርስቲ የማህበራዊ ሳይንስ ኮሌጅ የጂኦግራፊ እና አካባቢያዊ ጥናት የትምህርት ክፍል የህዝብ፣ ሀብት እና ልማት ንዑስ ትምህርት “Product Upgrading of Value Chain Analysis in Weaving Sector: Addis Ababa Shiro Meda” የዚህ መጠይቅ ዋና ዓላማ ለሚደረገው ትምህርታዊ ጥናት መረጃ ለማሰባሰብ ነው፡፡ከዚህ መጠይቅ የሚገኘው መረጃ ለትምህርታዊ ጥናት ብቻ የሚውል እና ዋስትናው የተጠበቀ መሆኑን ላረጋግጥልዎት እፈልጋለሁ፡፡ ስለሆነም ከዚህ ለሚከተሉት ጥያቄዎች ትክክለኛ መልስ እንዲሰጡኝ በአክብሮት እጠይቃለሁ፡፡ በሸማቾች የሚሞላ መጠይቅ የመጠየቅ ኮድ የጠያቂው ስም _ ፊርማ ቀን _ ክፍል 1፡የመነሻ ጥያቄዎች (እባክዎ መልስዎ ላይ የክብ ምልክት ያስቀምጡ) ጾታ ሀ ወንድ ለ ሴት ዕድሜ _ የጋብቻሁኔታ ሀ ያላገባ ሐ አግብቶ የፈታ ለ ያገባ መ አግብቶ በሞት የተለየበት/ችበት የትምህርት ደረጃ ሀ ያልተማረ ሐ የመጀመሪያ ደረጃ (1-8) ለ መፃፍ እና ማንበብ መ ሁለተኛ ደረጃ (9-12) ክፍል 2፡ስለሸማምርቶች (እባክዎ መልስዎ ላይ የክብ ምልክት ያስቀምጡ) ለምን የሸማ ምርቶችን ለመግዛት ፈለጉ? የሸማ ምርቶችን ዋጋ እንዴት ይመዝኑታል? ሀ ዝቅተኛ ነው ሐ ውድ ነው ለ መካከለኛ ነው ለምን አላማ ነው የሸማ ምርቶችን የሚጠቀሙት? ሀ ለበዓል ሐ ለስራ ለ ለእረፍት ቀን መ ሌላ ስራ ይጥቀሱ _ ወርሃዊ ገቢዎ ስንት ነው? እባክዎ ስለሸማ ምርቶች የሚሰማዎትን ነገር ይግለፁ፡፡ 69 | P a g e (TRANSLATION) ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES STREAM: POPULATION, RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT Questionnaire on “Product Upgrading of Value Chain Analysis in Weaving Sector: Addis Ababa Shiro Meda” This questionnaire is aimed at gathering the necessary information needed for the analysis of the research specified The data gathered hereby will only be used for research purpose, and something I want to assure you is that the information you provide will be kept furtively Therefore, I would like to request you to answer the following questions accurately Questionnaire to be filled by producers Questionnaire code Enumerator name _ Signature _ Date _ PART I: Demographic Characteristics (please encircle you answer) Sex: a Male b Female Your age: _ Marital status: a Single c Divorced b Married d Widowed Your educational background a Illiterate d Primary school (1-8) b Read and write e Secondary School (9 12) c Certificate f Other PART II Commodity and price (Please encircle your answer) Where did you get raw materials of weaving product? a Farmers d Cooperatives b Wholesalers e Other _ c Retailers How much time you spend to produce specific commodity? (eg: Kemis) How much cost incur for raw material which uses for specific products? (eg:Kemis) Who have been setting price? a Myself c Market demand and supply b Buyers d Negotiation How much unit produces per day? (eg: Kemis) 10 To whom you primarily sell your products? a Processor d Trader b Wholesaler e Consumer c Retailer f Other specify _ 11 For how many years have you stayed in Weaving production? _ 70 | P a g e 12 How did you learn about weaving production? a Family d Through learning by doing b Training governmental bureaus e Others _ c Through education 13 Have you got enough raw materials? a Yes b No 14 If yes, what is the major reason for high raw material supply? _ 15 If No, what is the major reason for low raw material supply? _ 16 How much earn from your weaving business per month? a Below 1000 c 3000-5000 b 1000-3000 d >5000 17 How you evaluate your purchasing power regarding with your livelihood? a Weak c Satisfactory b Moderate d Well good 18 What are the constraints in producing Weaving product? a Customer demand e Government system b Marketing problem f Supply problem c Society perception g Other d No problem at all e Please describe it here if you have something to say with regard to producing weaving products and weaving sector in general 71 | P a g e ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES STREAM: POPULATION, RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT Questionnaire on “Product Upgrading of Value Chain Analysis in Weaving Sector: Addis Ababa Shiro Meda” This questionnaire is aimed at gathering the necessary information needed for the analysis of the research specified The data gathered hereby will only be used for research purpose, and something I want to assure you is that the information you provide will be kept furtively Therefore, I would like to request you to answer the following questions accurately Questionnaire to be filled by processors Questionnaire code Enumerator name _ Signature _ Date _ PART I: Demographic Characteristics (Please encircle your answer) Sex: a Male b Female Age: _ Marital status: a Single c Divorced b Married d Widowed Educational background: a Illiterate d Certificate b Secondary School (9-12) e Primary school (1-8) c Read and write f Other _ PART II Commodity, Market and Price? (Please encircle your answer) How you evaluate the current market price of weaving product? a Cheap c Expensive b Medium Where did you get the weaving product? a Wholesalers d Cooperatives b Ourselves e Other _ c Retailers How much time you spend to process specific commodity? (eg: Kemis) How much cost incur for semi-finished (raw weaving) product? (eg: Kemis) _ Who have been setting price? a Myself c Market demand and supply b Trader d Negotiation 10 To whom you primarily sell your products? a Wholesaler d Consumer b Retailer e Other specify _ c Trader 11 Where did you get another raw material which added in weaving product? a Retailer c Ourselves b Wholesaler d Other specify 72 | P a g e 12 What are the major barriers to weaving value chain? a Quality standards d Too much local regulation/no b No skilled worker available locally appropriate governance structure c No access to credit and other e Lack of infrastructure resources f Others specify 13 Did you know the nearby market price before you sold your product? a Yes b No 14 Do you have any contract market for your weaving product? a Yes b No 15 If your answer for question number 14 is yes, with whom? _ 16 Do you have your own retail outlet shop to sell the weaving product? a Yes b No 17 If your response for question number 16 is no, why? _ 18 Which upgrading options for weaving product value chain are available in your areas? a Product upgrading d Chain upgrading b Functional upgrading e Other specify _ c Process upgrading 19 What are the constraints in processing Weaving product? a Customer demand e Marketing problem b Society perception f No problem at all c Government system g Other _ d Supply problem 20 Please describe it here if you have any idea concerning about weaving products processing and weaving sector in general 73 | P a g e ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES STREAM: POPULATION, RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT Questionnaire on “Product Upgrading of Value Chain Analysis in Weaving Sector: Addis Ababa Shiro Meda” This questionnaire is aimed at gathering the necessary information needed for the analysis of the research specified The data gathered hereby will only be used for research purpose, and something I want to assure you is that the information you provide will be kept furtively Therefore, I would like to request you to answer the following questions accurately Questionnaire to be filled by traders Questionnaire code Enumerator name _ Signature _ Date _ PART I: Demographic Characteristics (Please encircle your answer) Sex: a Male b Female Age: _ Marital status: a Single d Widowed b Married c Divorced Educational background: a Illiterate d Certificate b Secondary School (9-12) e Primary school (1-8) c Read and write f Other _ PART IIMarket, Commodity and Price (Please encircle your answer) Who have been setting price? a Myself c Market demand and supply b Buyers d Negotiation How you evaluate the current market price of weaving product? a Cheap c Expensive b Medium Does price of weaving affect by seasons? a Yes b No How much price charge for single commodity? (eg:kemis) a 1000 Birr d 4000 Birr b 2000 Birr e >4000 Birr c 3000 Birr How you assess the overall profitability of weaving marketing? a An increasing profit c An equilibrium with no loss and profit b Loss d A decreasing profit 74 | P a g e 10 From whom you buy products? a Weaver d Cooperative weavers b Spinner e Retailers c Wholesalers f Other _ 11 How you attract suppliers? a Giving better price c Fair scaling /weighing b By visiting them d Other, specify 12 How you attract buyers? a Giving low price c By delivering quality product b By personal advertisement 13 Who are your customers? a Foreigners c Diasporas b Local communities 14 What matters affect the price of products? a Inflation c Income b Demand 15 How you evaluate your income? a Low b Moderate c High 16 What are the constraints in trading Weaving product? a Customer demand e Marketing problem b Society perception f No problem at all c Government system g Other _ d Supply problem 17 How long did you are stay in trading weaving products? a < year c 4-5 years b 2-3 years d >5 years 18 How you evaluate the demand of society regarding with weaving products? a Weak d Satisfactory b Moderate e Well good c Need improvement 19 Please describe it here if you have any idea concerning about trading weaving products and weaving sector in general 75 | P a g e ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES STREAM: POPULATION, RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT Questionnaire on “Product Upgrading of Value Chain Analysis in Weaving Sector: Addis Ababa Shiro Meda” This questionnaire is aimed at gathering the necessary information needed for the analysis of the research specified The data gathered hereby will only be used for research purpose, and something I want to assure you is that the information you provide will be kept furtively Therefore, I would like to request you to answer the following questions accurately Questionnaire to be filled by consumers Questionnaire code Enumerator name _ Signature _ Date _ PART I: Demographic Characteristics (Please encircle your answer) Sex: a Male b Female Age: _ Marital status: a Single d Widowed b Married c Divorced PART II Weaving product (Please encircle your answer use circle for your specific answer) Why you are interested to buy weaving product? How you evaluate the price of weaving product? a Low b Moderate c Expensive For what purpose did you use weaving product? a Ceremony c Work b Holiday d Other specify _ How much income did you earn in a month? Please describe your general idea regarding weaving products and weaving sector 76 | P a g e ... determination of weaving final product 47 List of Figures Figure 2.1: Four links in a simple value chain Figure 2.2: The value chain approach; Map of weaving value chain 14 Figure 2.3:Traditional weaving. .. upgrading of value chain on a weaving influence price of weaving products?  To what extent the effect of product upgrading in value chain influence consumer demand? 1.5 Significance of the Study... those of rivals, both within individual links in the chain, and between the links in the chain  Product upgrading - introducing new products or improving old products faster than rivals This involves